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THE AGE-HERALD E. W. BAHKETT.Editor ^ Entered at the Birmingham, Ala., ■ fustoffice as second class matter un der act of Congress March 3, 1&'<9. Daily and Sunday Age-Herald... .$8.10 Daily and Sunday, per month.... «U| Daily and Sunday, three months.. 2.»>0 ; Weekly Age-Herald, per annum.. .B3 ; Sunday Age-Herald . 2.U0 ^ D. Griffis, U. K. Young anu W. D. Brumbeloe are the only author ized traveling representatives of The Age-Herald in its circulation depart ment No communication will be published without its author's name. Rejected manuscript will not be returned un less stamps are enclosed for that pur pose. Remittances can be made at current tate of exchange. The Age-Herald will. Hot be responsible for money sent through the mails. Address, THE AGE-HERALD, Birmingham. Ala. Washington bureau, 207 Hibbs build ing. European bureau, 6 Henrietta street. Covent Garden, London. Eastern business office, Rooms 48 to BO, inclusive. Tribune building. New 1 ork city; western business office. Tribune building, Chicago. The S. C. Beckwith Special Agency, agents for eign advertising. TELEPHONE Bell (private exchange connecting all departments) Main 41MM). The evil that men do lives after them; The good la oft Interred with their honea. ho let It he with Cneanr. —.Inlliia Caesar. BEGINNING THE day—My Father, I need wisdom today. More and more I feel (hat I know not. A hundred voices call, a hundred paths Invite. Which shall I chouse umld so many f How shall I know the best f How shall I make my time and my strength weigh the moatf O God. I come to Thee* guide n»e. For ClirlsC* sake. Amen.—II. M. K. - —-1 Modern Surgery With their characteristic thorough ness the Germans have set themselves to the task of saving every wounded soldier sent back from the front who is not beyond their aid. They are ac complishing wonderful results and thousands of disabled soldiers are soon restored to health and sent back to the firing line, who might have perished miserably, were it not for the scientific management of German hospital work. There is no neglect of the wounded. From the time a man is hurt on the battlefield until he is installed in a hospital, perhaps far away from the scene of his injury, all that could possibly be done for him before he reaches the hospital has been accom plished by skilled hands and when he reaches his destination competent surgeons, who specialize in the kind of wound he has received, begin the final work of healing. Instead of being the most common operation in war surgery, amputation is not practiced now, except as the last resort. Anti septic treatment has so minimized the danger of infection that the most des perately wounded soldiers are saved and dismissed from the hospitals with their full complement of limbs. Not only are German surgeons do ing splendid work, but American, French, English and Austrian sur geons are every day performing re markable operations. Recently an op eration was performed by Prof. Albert Tietze on a soldier who had a serious wound in his head. After a large frag ment of shell had been removed the X-rays showed that a small piece of shell remained. Professor Tietze said this particle could not safely be left in the skull because it might become dislodged in future years and cause instant death. It was suggested that a magnet be used to draw out the splinter. There was no instrument of the sort availa ble, but engineers of the telegraphic division soon made an electromagnet. A motor, formerly used for running a threshing machine, and a dynamo were requisitioned. The physician took an iron wand, highly polished, and connected it with a coil. The wand was inserted in the soldier’s skull and the fragment of shell was easily withdrawn as it clung to the end of the iron. Fashion in Farming “Back to the land” no longer means back to the simple life. Time was when the farmer went about his daily toil clad in blue jeans and hickory shirt. His wife was com fortable in a calico Mother Hubbard, while the youngsters went barefoot from May until October. Old Brindle and Bell, out in the pasture lot, dreamed away the sum mer hours, contentedly chewing their cuds, as they rested in the shade of the old elm tree. Now a metamorphosis has taken place in farm life. The change has swept across the entire country, and "model farms” are no longer located exclusively “i the old farming dis tricts of the cast. Recently press wires carried a news item from Douglas, Ariz., de scribing a new county dairy farm. The item read as follows: “The cows will be milked in a ceiled room, floored with concrete and lined with fly traps. The cows will be cov ered with white canvas at milking time, so only the udders will be ex The cow’s tail will be tied down i to keep it from getting in the milk | bucket or the milk man's eye. Bossy will be unable to switch flies, but the oretically, there will be no flies to switch. The fly traps will have taken care of them, “So much for the low. The milker will be dressed in spotless white duck coat and trousers and white shirt— soft collar—when he does his duty night and morning." Shades of Old Brindle and Bell! This is carrying things too far—for what joy can there be to the cow at milking time, if deprived of the privi lege of energetically switching the milker’s face. An old fashioned cow w'ho used to see herself in the clear water of the brook from which she drank, would never know herself dressed in crisp white canvas coat! These newfangled notions are enough to make a cow of "the old school*' who has any spirit, raise her manicured foot and kick over the milk ing machine! And glancing over the description of the matty costume of Bossy’s valet—doesn’t it sound like the uni form of a West Point cadet on dress parade ? Surely the farm is no place on which to seek the old fashioned, simple life. Increasing Interest in Education The commencement season for the schools and colleges of Alabama is fast drawing to a close. Exceptional interest has centered in the institu tions of learning this year and the commencement exercises have in cluded baccalaureate sermons and alumni orations, many of which were not only brilliant intellectual efforts, but singularly gripping. With scarcely an exception the col leges and universities of the south have made steady progress during the past five years, and in no southern state has there been more marked ex pansion in technical education than in Alabama. Many handsome buildings have been erected, faculties have been enlarged and otherwise strengthened, and the student bodies have greatly increased numerically. As a rule the individual student has manifested even a keener desire for knowledge than ever before. Commencement day scenes last week and the week before were full J of inspiration. So it is at the Uni versity of Alabama this week, and so it will be at the Polytechnic institute at Auburn next week. While Alabama has occupied a high place in the world of culture such as comes from the college classroom and college atmosphere, it is as a whole one of the most illiterate of states. The large percentage of men and women in Alabama who cannot read is, indeed, appalling. But this dis tressing condition will not be toler ated longer. The edueational forces of Alabama are now thoroughly aroused to the importance of remov ing illiteracy. The state superinten denA)f education is doing telling work, the Alabama Educational association is co-operating effectively and the newly created illiteracy commission, headed by Ex-Gov. William D. Jelks, is already making itself felt. Next Monday, dune 7, is to be illiteracy day in Alabama by proclam- ( ation of Governor Henderson. There should be general school rallies in every county, and the college gradu ate, full of enthusiasm, could not oc cupy his time better than by taking i part actively in the illiteracy day exercises._ j Silence Reigns Silence is golden in Bayonne, N. J. There has, at least, been a golden silence about daybreak since a silencer has been invented and applied to the roosters that formerly crew in the morn. Frank Greene, poultryman of Bay- 1 onne, according to newspaper reports, is the inventor of a device which in- i sures peaceful morning slumbers for his neighbors. There has been con siderable corrtplaint about the morn ing vocal exercise in Mr. Greene’s poultry houses, and the versatile poul tryman set his wits to work. He evolved a little chamois skin cap which he fastens over the beak of the roos ter. The first silencer was tried out on a lusty-voiced Plymouth Rock. The next morning the rooster was not to be found, and indeed it did not show up at feeding time. Finally in humiliated silence the bird crept out of its hiding place and permitted the poultryman to remove the silencer. Satified with the success of his de vice, Mr. Greene now adorns all the roosters of his flock with the device. The hens, however, are exempt from the rule of silence, as it is feared any curtailment of their vocal activities would have a bad effect upon their more sensitive dispositions, and they might lose interest in their work of egg laying. A neighbor of Mr. Greene’s is au thority for the statement that so ac customed have the roosters become to the silencers that every evening at sundown they approach the back door of the Greene home, carrying their silencers in their beaks! ■ —1 .r:. —. : 1.. zzz. 9 Alton, 111., has prohibited Kelly pool. That * a fine town in which to culti vate a stiff backbone Great quantities of paper “bullets’ have been made in Switzerland to over come a shortage of fuel. The Swiss are feeling the effects of the war in IiTu rope as much, perhaps, as any other neutral nation. Last autumn when the price of fuel rose, a citizen of Geneva invented paper “bullets," which are cheap, throw off a surprising amount of heat and burn for a long time. This novel fuel is easily made. Paper of or dinary quality Is soaked in water un til it becomes a paste. It is then pressed and shaped by hand into balls, which are dried in the sun or merely ill the open air. After having found that the discovery was practical local committees were formed to manufac ture paper bullets on a large scale. A garage was turned over to the work ers by one man. Another offered a workshop, while tubs, baskets, chairs and drying apparatus were freely of fered by families. A huge army of volunteers donated their services. Large quantles of paper are received daily, but expensive thick or glazed* pa per cannot be used as the balls are not a success unless first reduced to paste. As many as 800 paper bullets have been made in one shop in a day. Local committees sell this fuel to needy families at a low price. Thorpe, the famous Indian athlet?. has been unable to master the paleface game of baseball and has been rele gated to a minor league team. Unhap pily, he was not born with a “batting eye.” “Mellfsh comet is broken up—--reason u :Known," announce astronomers. May be it felt hurt because the world Is too intent upon its own troubles to pay proper attention to it. England would doubtless be better off if Ivord Kitchener and Lord North cliffe could settle their differences ac cording to Marquis of Queensbury rules. _ _ Perhaps Bulgaria is also waiting for the psychological moment, by which is meant the moment when she is of fered her price for entering the War The report that Vice President Mar shall refused to drink grape juice was probably started for the base pur pose of discrediting Secretary Bryan. If Charles Becker decides to “peach’ at the last moment, the best he can hope for is life imprisonment. Still, Sing Sing offers many advantages. Americans were the pioneers in build ing submarines and aeroplanes, but they have dropped behind other nations in developing these useful craft. The newspapers applaud an Ohio hen that hatched nine chicks from 10 egg3. A hen like that should have a fine contempt for an incubator. Denver high society has abandoned pink teas for beefsteak fries. Enter tainment seems to be becoming more extravagant all the time. The European brand of diplomacy hay proved such a failure here of late that saving what one thinks may come into favor among nations. It has been asserted that American money is not artistic. Yet there are times when a filthy, crumpled dollar bill seems beautiful. The Pere Marquette railroad will be sold at auction to satisfy debts amount ing to $88,000,000. Don’t everybody bit at once. Reports from Germany confirm the adoption of Shakespeare by the Teu tons, who claim him by right of dis covery. vest hands does not awaken the least sympathy in the heart of the speeding hobo. Y. R. says women are as fit to vote as men, but as peace propagandists he seems to think they have their fail ings. If the Gormans really torpedoed the Nebraskan they showed how little they fear being held to “strict accountabil ity.** Ross Barnes will have to be given ci edit for not openly questioning the mental calibre of Syracuse jurymen. The familiar line on theatre pro grammes, “Charles Frohman presents -will continue to appear. LUKE M'LIKK SAYS Prom the Cincinnati Enquirer. Some girls seem to imagine that a stylish dresser is one w ho never wears the same complexion twice. We may be ornery, but we wonder where Ma Sunday was when Billy Sunday discovered that the girls are not wearing petticoats any more. Fair warning: If, when the women do get a vote, they vote to take our nose paint away from us. maybe wre can dig up enough voteH to take their nose powder away from them. Somehow or other the old-fashioned baby who never saw a bottle until he was 18 months old grew up to he as big a boozer as the modern infant who begins drinking out of a bottle w lieu he is 18 minutes old. When he is 8 years old it takes him eight seconds to tie a girl s shoe lace When he is 18 years old it takes him about eight minutes to tie a girl's shoe lace. Men pretend that they are not vain. But if a letter came to the postoffkn addressed to the handsomest man in town every man in town knows that the postmaster would send It to him A manicure girl can put a fence un der her table to protect her knees and still get a few' customers. But if she wears rubber gloves when she Is work ing she is liable to starve to death. A man doesn't mind being raided when he is attending a prize fight. Rut he certainly would hate to be caught attending a prohibition rally. The reason why a girl will save up for three months to get a silk com 1 ination is because she would hpv * a fit if she thought you knew she was wearing it. When a thin man w'ho is about one foot wide gets up in a crowded street car and gives h!s seat to a corn f» d Firl with a four-foot beam, the two im n who are sitting on cither side of the one-foot space left by the man who got up never seem very anxious to shove over and make more room, and they hever complain about the girl being hea\w. V; ^ IN HOTEL LOBBIES A» Qiifeil San It "The stirring description of thp Confed erate Veterans' parade in Richmond al the reuinon of 1907, found in Harrison's widely read novel, ‘Queed,’ was true to life," said a member of Birmingham s Vir ginia colony, who attended the reunion of that year. "I can see that splendid column of vet erans now, about 28,000 strong, moving up Franklin street. The novelist viewed it from Franklin, between Eighth and Ninth streets, or rather, he d^jcribes it to. Tne large old brick hoarding house where so many belles crowrded the front poich was that kept by Mrs. Rawlev Coleston. known and beloved by everybody In Richmond. "The same moving scene will he. repro duced in Richmond .this week, and the tottering veterans will be few in number as compared with those on parade elgnt years ago. These reunions have more and more their sad side." Sign* of Coming Activity "The indication now is that the build ing trade Is taking on new activity in Birmingham,” remarked Zac Smith, Jr., of the Zac Smith Stationery company. "While I am not directly in touch with the building situation here, I have means of judging whether or not many plans are under consideration. A num ber of prominent architects purchase their tools and supplies from my con cern, and when making ready to draw up extensive plans or specifications there is always a rush to lay in large quantities of these goods. Within the past few weeks I. have noted that tne leading architects of the city have been especially liberal In their outlay for the purchase of special blue print linen and high qualities of ‘detail’ paper. ThJ greater part of the supplies of this nature, by the way, are manufactured in Austria or Germany; but with the ex ception of one or twro grades of pen cils, there has as yet been no advance in prices here. This I believe is ac counted for by the fact that before the beginning of the war large quantities of this material had been accumulated in American warehouses, and It will probably be sometime before it is ex hausted. "To get back to the subject, there are oilier signs without number of renewed interest In development w'ork In the Birmingham district. Dealers in build-, ing materials report greatly improved business, and new structures may be seen in course of construction in all parts of the community. Engineers are Rlso beginning to buy needed supplies from our establishment. All of this preparation can only mean that people with capital expect soon to let their proposed undertakings take on ‘coji ciete’ form" I<cgnl Holidays in Alabama "Next Thursday, June 3. Is the anni versary of the birthday of Jefferson Da vis, and is a legal holiday in Alabama and several other southern states." re marked an old citizen. "Alabama has a few more leen holi days, I believe, than most of the states. We have one that no other state has— Thomas Jefferson's birthday anniversary. 1 "I notice that the New York World Al manac, which is accepted as good author ity on everything, has Good Friday a legal holiday in Alabama. That is a mis take. Good Friday was at one time a legal holiday, but the legislature before the last—I think it was—dropped it out and substituted the Thomas Jefferson hol iday. Good Friday is observed by all the liturgical church bodies and it should be restored to the list of legal holidays ir Alabama." \ight in Venice at Kant I.akf "’ understand that next Thursday right is to he a brilliant one at Fast l ake park," said Percy Clark. "The features will include illumin ated barges in procession, gondolas and oome 30 boats filled wdth lovely girls and gallant youths with a continuous bombardment of the heavens with rock ets and Homan candles. Fred Monta barro has prepared some beautiful set pieces, ‘The Tree of Liberty,’ stars and wheels, Captain Seymour will make a HO-foot dive. There will be music and A Night in Venice.” \t the Aewnpaper Club "The Birmingham Newspaper club is a great place in which to spend an en joyable evening," remarked Dr. Howell T. Heflin, "Indeed, I know of no better place to take a friend in order to show him a good time. It is true that life at this club might he considered by some peo ple as rather luxurious; but everyone likes a touch of the ‘high life’ now' and then. This recalls a remark made by my friend 'Bob’ Jelks the other night. I had persuaded him to accompany me as my guest at a supper at the cafe on the roof of the Jefferson county building. Mr. Jeiks, by the way, is a brother of ex-Governor Jelks and is one >f Birmingham's highly respected citi zens. It seems, however, that this waa his first visit to the club, and he was somewhat taken aback at the prospect of the trip to the height of the 25-stor.v building; for when he had reached the summit of the building and stood gazing from the tiled platform at the brilliant ly lighted streets which spread out be low he said, ‘the high life of Birming ham makes me dizzy.’ ” The Cotton Situation 1 A prominent New Y'ork cotton brok erage house in its Saturday review' , s; \s in part: "Heports from the belt during the last 10 days or two, w'eeks have shown such decided improvement that nil ideas of a low condition report have | hern abandoned and it is reasonable to , exoect, in view of this climatic turn for the better, that a condition of around SO per cent or above will he Indicated. As pointed out In previous adviced, however, a June condition re port is far from conclusive: In 1902 a crop of 10,768,000 bales was made on a June condition of 81.5 per cent, while in ’ 903, on a June condition of 95.1 pur i cent, the yield amounted to only 10, L 670,000 hales, the acreage in these two y« ars being practically the same. Al | though later on condition Will become , a prominent factor, the serious con sideration at this time is acreage and in this connection fertilizer consump 1 lion, which unquestionably w’ill have a material bearing on the final yield. "A prominent authority of the south , has recently made an interesting com p Intion. He says that on a general i average 140 pounds of lint cotton are 5 pioducecl per acre without the use ol fertilizer. Fertilizer, he claims, adds 50 * per cent to production. This would I mean, where fertilizer was used, 210 ► pounds to the acre, or an increase of 70 P pounds. He contends that a decrease 1 of 40 per cent in the use of fertilizer 5 is indicated, which would mean a rc [ c'uction in the yield of 14 per cent, and this as far as the final yisld is son \ i k eerned, does not take into considera tion acreage reduction which, he claims, will he at least 12 per cent. Bor the time being therefore the mar ket will probably continue to be a traders’ affair with moderate swings hack and forth. There seems little question, however, that prospective supply and demand conditions would suggest purchases on the declines which may occur due to influences oth er than growing conditions.” WAR ECHOES New York World: Considering the ef fectiveness of German submarines in British waters, why should not a Brit ish submarine appear now and then at Cuxhaven or Kiel, and if not there, at Heligoland? Thousands of British offi cers and sailors have been sent to death in this war without firing a -hot or taking a chance. One-tenth of their r umber used in desperate adventures such as Germany is encouraging would have produced results. Even If the Brit ish navy is operating on the theories of Drake and Nelson, it seems to be behind their times, for they took the initiative occasionally. Pittsburg Sun: A statement comes from the American consul at Nurem bc rg, Germany, which indicates that in time of war Germany is preparing for peace. It is announced that the Krupps have just turned out a safe that is ihe only genuine burglarproof affair of its kind on the market, a statement that the American manufacturers of sates will most heartily deny and stand ready to disprove. However, the Krupp statement is to the effect that the now safe is tho product of the Essen works The steel from which it is made with stands all attacks of all the tools thus far known to the burglar fraternity. 1 ests were made by oxyacetylene flame and on plates with a surface of 11x11 and a thickness of an inch and a half. At one of them a hole nearly an inch in diameter and less than an inch and a half thick was burned, but Hiis required the use of 476 gallons of j«.cetylene and 534 gallons of oxygen. To burn a hole large enough to admit a hand required 2642 gallons of oxygen and 2378 gallons of acetylene and oc cupied more than six hours. The metal is so hard that it cannot be bored and so any required holes have to be made at the Initial casting. It does not lose its hardness by annealing and by rea son'"of its tenacity will stand a cer tain amount of bending. ALABAMA PRESS Florala News-Democrat: We should like to call the attention of the legislature to the success of the consolidated reboots with free transportation In Mississippi Let us have consolidated schools and com pulsory education. These do not solve the educational problem, hut because of their merits they have wrought wonderful re sults when tried. Anniston Evening Star: We also favor diversification for June brides. Thu prac tice of all coming at once is liabl to cre ate too largo a debtor class amoi g the jeweler's patrons. Selma Times: Mobile Is justly elated Over the prospect of having a n:g ship building plant located there. The probable selection of Mobile for such an e iterpriae will come as the result of Investigation and study by long-headed business mi n and will speak volumes for the city s su perior availability and resources. A ship building plant of the dimensions contem plated. if established at this port, will very probably be the forerunner of other desir able Industries and lead to much substan tial development for this section of the south. Pickens County Herald: When you want any article of merchandise, buy it of a reputable home dealer, that the profit may remain to enrich the community. Send your money abroad for what you cannot purchase at home. Home talent, home labor, home industry, home things to be fostered, encouraged and patronized. Troy Messenger: President W.lson is agalnt hinting at Mexican Intervention. He does not fancy the recent action of the Mexicans in regard to taking food. He also thinks all forms of government there at present are unstable. JUDGE GARV ON UNEMPLOYMENT Elbert H. Gary In Harper's Magazine for June. General unemployment is deplorable, not only because of the great suffering It produces—and this phase cannot be too jaften or too strongly emphasized—but also because enforced idleness impairs the productive capacity of a nation and de pletes the general wealth. It is obvious to me, as 1 believe it must be to every practical thinker, that It Is far better to carry men and women on the pay roll that: on the relief roll. It is the highest advan tage of society that Its working forces shall be utilized as completely as possible. No Inefficiency could be greater than to leave honest and competent labor sub ject to the humiliation of charitable relief. Moreover, such members of a community as are not self-supporting—whether through their own fault or otherwise must he supported by the public, and such support of the nonproductive Individual Is pure waste. When suffering by reason of nonemploy ment appears, there seems to be a feeling on the part of the unemployed that the city or other governmental administra tion Is not only obligated to furnish, but is possessed of the means of properly and adequately furnishing relief, and com plaints are made If there Is any delay or failure In this respect. But It must be realized that government officials cannot create facilities for work outside of the ordinary course of public business, or fur nish pecuniary relief, for the obvious rea son that no provisions have been estab lished by law for these purposes. The problem of unemployment Is essentially one of business and of business manage ment, and must be met by business states manship through the normal channels of business and economic organization. GADSDEN TO BENEFIT From the Gadsden Tlmes-News. The erection of shipbuilding plants at Mobile means that Gadsden steel and iron will find another home market. Today we can furnish sufficient raw steel to keep a large plant going and more nails, baj'S, rods and wire than a dozen could use. There I* no question that a great ship plant at Mobile will be of immense ad vantage to both Gadsden and Birming ham. Mobile Is to be congratulated. Wt always thought that city should be the largest and most Important in the jouth It certainly ia beaded that way now. ADRIFT WITH THE TIMES I THE AGED MONOLOGIBT. And still he strives the crowd to please With ancient jest and time-worn wheeze, And now and then a bit of song To help his modest "turn" along Upon his face a fleeting smile. Although he’s wondering the while If when he next comes to a pause, There'll he faint ripples of applause. Or that dead silence, tense and -hill, Which dulls the brain and numbs thp wil' And makes his poor, half-hearted qt ips Fall drearily from twitching lips STRICTLY BUSINESS. "Ah, my friend!" said the pedant. "Go ing out for a little piscatorial recreation?" "Nope," answered the person addressed. "I'm goin’ after my breakfast. There ain’t no recreation In that fur ma an’ there certainly ain't goin' to be none fur the fish I hope to ketch.” SAFE ENOUGH. When Noah sailed upon the Ark He had a pleasant time, I ween. Nor feared his boat would be the mark For any German submarine. THE NEIGHBORLY WAY. "I understand you have moved into a fashionable neighborhood.” •'Yes,'' replied the self-made man. "It was my wife's wish. I was contented where we were." "How do you find it?” I don t suppose fashionable people do such things, but I’ve been dying for somebody to come over to our house and borrow a cup of sugar, or a monkey wrencfi or any little thing that might put us on a more friendly footing." A REAL SURPRISE. "I was much Impressed by Professor Diggers' discourse on Egyptology.' "What seemed to strike you most forci bly?” The fact that I expected to fall asleep and didn't." NOT A BAD IDEA. Midst war’s alarms We still keen cool And pin our faith To the golden rule. ..... AfSED TO IT. J "I understand your friend Bofteds Is a creature of fixed habits.” That s true. Bofteds has been a com muter for IX) years and if he fails to hang on his favorite strap going home in the evening it frets him so that ha has no appetite for dinner.” ' A ROUGH ROUTE. ■ Did you find out what the steamship fare la?” 1 "Yes; $64.80.’* "Meals thrown in. of course?” Aes, but not guaranteed to stay in.” A HARD BARGAIN. i "My dear,” said Mr. Jagson, ”1 wish you could have a more detached interest in hats.” "What do you mean?" asked Mrs. Jag son. "Why, t wish you could enjoy looking at a hat in a milliner s window without de siring to possess it.” "Well.” answered Mrs.-Jagson, sharply, "when you reach the point where you can enjoy reading the labels on bottles with out any desire to sample their contents. I'll change my attitude toward hats.” ' JUST A SUGGESTION. The number of British battleships with awe-inspiring names that have been suit to the bottom affords food for thought. Perhaps if they had heen named "G'ndys.” "Evening Breeze” or something else equal ly soft, they might have had a better chance of staying on the surface OUR GUESS. It would be a dreadful calamity if E. Uaruso were suddenly filled with a deter mination to go to wnr and die for his country. But, somehow, we have an idea that Caruso will not leave the dear old U. S. A. for any such purpose. N SEATS FOR EVERYBODY From the New York World. The P. S. C. just sat and sat, and sat un til. surprised, It suddenly determined to have sitting standardized. —Bunk Ballads. UTR public service commission yes terday settled the most important question that ever had come before it. It gave an official meaning to the long used term* “A seat for every pas senger.” Hereafter no one need go Into the surface ears without knowing exactly what this means. It means 17 and 7S-1X) inches. Under th^official resolution a stout pas senger going south and a thin passenger going north are. by the law of average, if not by the laws of anatomy, entitled to similar space on ear seats, provided there is any space at all. And if there isn't any space, measurements should be taken to see whether it is the stout lady with a bundle or the cross-legged man with the package who is taking up too much room. It's all down in black and white—in the commission files. It reads thus: “Resolved, That the standard seating space for each passenger to oe allowed | on longitudinal seats in all street sur face cars is hereby determined to be j 17 and 78-100 running inches, and that the seating capacity of said cars shall he computed upon the basis of such determi nation.” Now, then, Mr. Complaining Strap hanger, perhaps the reason you have not had a seat in months is that you are not up to standard—or down to standard. Perhaps the displacement is greater than it should be, and that Is the reason you cannot entrain for a trip Harlem. The P. S. C. has taken a lot of . icuble on your account. And the altercations— wow! A stout efficiency engineer held out for a 20-inch allowance, but a long, thin man on the same staff pointed out that this would reduce the seating capacity of the newr subways about half. Then a stenog rapher started to settle the dispute, but thought better of it and it is now on a reducing diet.* The trouble spread until the commission forces threatened to he divided between the lean and the fat. Some feared the commission itself'might get mixed up and Commissioner Woods have a quarrel with Chairman McCall. Joseph Johnson, head of the transit bureau, settled the question 8')0 ways. Ho eliminated the personal element by taking it into account wholesale. He had 800 measuresments made. No, they were not measurements of car seats. When he had the 800 measurements he added them up and struck an average. I "The average gave us 17.78 inches,1 said Mr. Johnson yesterday. So that's settled. But what is going to happen now'? Are the turn-stile3 at somcf of the stations to be made a cer tain width? Are the guards and con ductors to carry measuring tapes. Is there to be a court of arbitration,* and if so, who will have the appointing power? And what will happen if there are only two standard seats left in a car and two stout persons get on at the same time? Then there is the question of fare, la the thin man to ride for 3 cents, or is the stout man to pay 8? Is the man who gets thin ..worrying over the trains he is going to miss at the Grand Central to be entitled to a rebate? O Anyway, there ought to be a great de mand from intending passengers for ruler3 with the inches divided into hundredths. Doubtless some persons will ask the commission whether a tape measure isn’t really better than one of the wooden kind. I - TOOTH BRUSH DRILL | From the New York Times. IN many public schools houses of the city recently ip looked as if the rain of the w'eek had turned into snow< and fallen inside. There was a little row dering of white all over the floors of the classrooms. The air was pervaded with a sweet odor, however, that made the visitors sniff critically. They decided im mediately that It was an odor most prev alent in the bathroom. They were right, for it came from tooth powder. The 800,000 big and little children of the city were celebrating Tooth Brush Day, and some had more of the refine ments of home than the board of educa tion had planned. The dentifrice com panies had seen to that. All t\te teachers had been asked the number bt children In their charge, and giant boves of tooth powder w'ere sent to fthem. Each child who took part in the tooth brush drill had a tooth brush, water in a cup, and tooth powder enough to take a package home. The children would like to have a drill every day. It is better than gymnastics or folk dances, for every one could do it, even the babies in the kindergarten and the little cripplded children. In Public School 27, 213 West Forty-flrst street, which is one of the model school* of the city, 48 classes took part in the tooth brush drill. There were about equal numbers of boys and girls and three classes of small cripples. All the week tlie teachers had told the children to be sure to bring new brushes and cups, and about seven-eighths of the had to sit in their seats as if they w'e»*n suggested, but they were harder to £et than a cup from mother's closet, and there were all kinds of these—big coffee cups, little coffee cups, and cups with mot toes on the outside. Some of the small boys thought It more manly ♦o bring steins. The children who didn't bring brushes had t osit i ntheir seats as if they ware being punished while the others drilled. Some of the little girls got down on the floor and made believe they were put ting their desks in order, so that the visitors would not see them. One boy in the drill was also troubled at first. A teacher noticed that he looked very much ashamed and was trying to hide hta tooth brush. "What i* the matter with }he bn-1-'”’ • \ , , asked the teacher, and when Johr.nit^B Smith held it up shamefully everyonc^H could see that it was not new but very^H much worn. ^B “Why, that is very nice, Johnnie,*’ snid^H tiie teacher, "It shows that you have I'Cen^B brushing your teeth before. ‘ Children,^® why is Johnnnie's brush better t\an t hc^B others?” jjjjjj “Because it has been used,” unsweve<^B| the children in unison* and Johuunii^B Smith was the proudest boy in the loom. Bi “Did you buy a new brush?” . sked a^B visitor of one of the little girls. W&4 "No'in," answered the little gii!. is my sister’s.” flAna Used brushes may not have the hy^B gienic significance that the board of ed<^B| ucation desires, but by the second aunua^B tooth brush day it is expected i. ut al^B the hygienic truths w-ill have beei^H learned. There was a prescribed drill, the ♦. acheiMI beginning with “Ready.” At the begin^B ning of a count the children fell to. Thc^B count, was one to sixteen, then “Dip.’^B A count was given for each part of tli«^B brushing. Prizes for the best tooth brusl^B drillers will be given in the park today. B RKRIKKU From the St. Ixjuis Post-Dispatch. Illlf He was deeply in love with his wtfa^B ! but awfully careless about money mat<^H ters. He started away on a long buii-^fl ness trip leaving her short of monev^H and promised to send her a check—^B which he forgot to do. The rent camc^B due and she telegraphed. 3B “Dead broke. Landlord irsistent^B \yire me money.” Her husband answered: 1BI * Am short myself. Will send checJ^B in few days. A thousand kisses.” 1811 Pkxasperated, his wife replied: fill "Never mind money. I gave landlort^B one of the kisses. He was more thai^B satisfied.” . 9B AT EVENTIDE jB| By Herbert Trench. ^Bi Sho comes not when poon is on th^B roses— B Too bright is day; illi She comes not to the sail till it repost^Bl From work and play. 1111 But when night is on the hills and th^H great voices HB , Roll in from sea; jflHj Av starlight and by candelight an^B dreamlight. HB She calls to ms* HB