The times dispatch. [volume], May 09, 1908, Page 5, Image 5

About The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914

Image provided by: Library of Virginia; Richmond, VA

                
Sectional Meetings Consider Matters of Vital Interest to Workers
E BEST PLACE
FOR DEPENDENT
CMLJip HU
Several Speakers Favor Plac-i
iiig-Out System, Though
Commcnding Asyliirns;
Want Outdoor Games.
Thal lioinr, after nU, is the best place
for a chllil, aud tliat lr a chlld cannot
he kept at. Its own home, It should be
placed, lf posslble, ln xome other, sev.
er.il charity workers agreed, In ile
< hirlng nt the nieetlng of'tlie Dlvlslon
nn Children yesterday mdrnlllg In the
hnll of th" Mechanics' Instltute. Tht;
toplc of the day related to children
in Instltutlons, or ln thn dependent
class, as In dlrect dlstlnctjon to thc
.lollnquents, considered on tho previous
day In connectlon wlth the Juvenlle
court.
Tlie D'-pi-iul-iii Chlld,
The discusslon was led by Mrs. Fal
coner. ot Phlladdlphia, who considered
the subject of children lu Instltutlons
from tho polnt of vlew of tlieir prob
nble preparatlon lo be future citizens
and parents. Following thls, the dis?
cusslon of the care of the dependent
chlld wns broad nnel general. many
active workers and lioads of Institu
tlons ln all parts of tho country taking
part. Miss Curtls, of BoBton. prcsldcd,
lltnitlng tli.- tlmo of the speakers and
holdlng attentlon to the subject ln
hand.
It ls estlmated that there are ln
thls country nltout 1.200 recognlzed In?
stltutlons for the c-.re of dependent
children. ond that Ihere ss 011c depend?
ent chlld to every l?0 normal children.
Tlie dependent class lncludes orphans,
pnrt orphans. neKlected nnd aluised 1
1 hitdren, children taken from Irnproper
parents or envlronmorit, crlpples, ln
VftlldS, mental defectlves and others
whose llvea vary from that of thr- nor?
mal, healthy chlld. llvlng In the home
of Hn own. and surrounded by thc love
nnd care of Its kln.
The Orphnn Anj-luni.
The work of the orphan x.<i>',,,,T, wa"
bv 110 means undcratcd, and these in?
stltutlons were hold to be necessary
parts of a system of juvenlle caro an.l
rellef. The tone of the discusslon,
however. and the evldent preponderaru-e
of oplnlon was ln (avor of the placlng
out system, always emphaslzlng the
Importance of aftor care and super?
vlslon of the children placed wlth fow?
ler parents. Kvery American chlld wns
declared to be entltled to a home and
tu deserve the love and siirroundlngs
of 11 home as a rlght. These surround
Irigs the average orphan asylum ls not
supplyltig. uccordlni; to several speak?
ers. who gave due tribute to tlieir goo.l
Intentlon*. Kxceptlonal cases were re- j
Iat?i| where smaller asylums wer.j
supplytng thi? personal care and atten?
tion. Tn the dlscussion it was hjold
that Ihe promlneiue glvetl to Juvenile
cotirts. and to the Improvements for
thc rare of the dellnquent chlld. lias
BOrriewhat overshadowed the work
whlch should be oone for the lnno?
cent, dependend chlld. who has done
nothing to fnrfelt love and respect,
and who Is entltled to a fair oppor?
tunlty In the battie of llfe.
In twei.ty-seven States falrly well or?
ganized home-piaeing organlzatlons
were reported for plaoing-otit work.
all of them havlng a more or less ef?
fective system of ?fter-lnspei-tion. In
the argument for the iwre of the de?
pendent chlld by private instltutlons
snd societles It wns shown that the
State was forced to provlde for the
dellnquent child. because he ls both a
nulsanee and a law-brcaker, and that
the rights of the dependent girls and
hoys were ln danger of belng over
lookod.
Some question was raised as to
whether the care for a chlld ln an
lnstitutlon would or would not make
lt dlscontcnted wllh home surround
Ings and environment, and unwllling
to return. should lts parents be able
later on to keep It, a polnt on whlcli
there was an evldent conflict of opln?
lon, different cases showlng different
results.
Trnlnliut of the Hor.
One of the more carefully prepared
papers of the day's sesslon was read
hy Mr. Crawford .Tackson' on "The
I'ralning of a Boy for Cltlzenshlp." air.
Jackson is the genoral secretary of the
Juvenlle Protective Association, wlth
headquarters Sn Atlanta, and Is at
present worklng out a plan for taklng
noys out'of reformatorles and Instltu?
tlons and glvlng them outdoor llfe on
a large farm. He showed a close
knowledge of boy life. and workers
wlth hoys ln the audience, recognlzlng
his descriptions, could almost see lndl?
vidual boys from his Hlustratlve cases.
Me gave the following descrlptlon of
the emotlonal nature of a boy, as
showlng hls vorsallllty: "Hc repents
like a convlcted patriarch, weeps like
a true prophet, plends llko an npostle.
and prays llke a salat. And the great?
est marvel about a hoy Is that he can
go nll thls round ln one day. He will
llght llke a young tlger on the play?
ground In the morning, be hls father's
prospective hero at noon and hls moth?
er's littlo angel at nlght."
The chlld was sald to learn in three
waya, through Imitation," Interest and
effort, and only ln these three ways
could its rntnd be properly approached.
The cramming process ln education
was roundly condemned, the writer
holdlng that overcrammed children
really knew nothing, lmvlng 0 smat
?.erlng of everythlng. The paper was
recelved wlth contlnued applause.
The Element of Tlny.
Mr. Charles W. Blrtweli, of Boston,
goneral secretary of tho Boston Chil?
dren's Ald Society, closed thodlscusslon
with a brief address, In whlch, though
ngreelng -wlth all that had boen sald
as to the home plncing-, he snld It ls
stlll true- that thousands of hoys and
girls raised ln lnstltutions have grown
up to become useful and respected citi?
zens, Iteforrlng to the detalled work?
lng of children's Instltutlons, ho
strongly advocated the element of play
ns mos: e&sentlal In tho development
of the chlld, asking for a return to tho
nld-titshioiibd outdoor gaines, whlch
unllsteii tlm iinaglnation atul actlvl?
ties, In preff.renco to tho modern gym
vuisium, with its fonual exercises.
WILL MEET TO CONSIDRIl
I,OCAl, PAIITV IHA.NA0iI3.MENT
WABHENTON, VA., May 8.?A mass
meotlng of tho Democratlc voters at
Beinlngton Product has boen caileit
for Saturday, May lllth, to glvo ex
presslon to the present party manage
mont ln tne county,' nllaglng that as
nt prosont ccnstltuiod, lt does not re
pord tho will of tho massea, but only
n few who wlsh to furthor porpotuato
tholr hold 011 tho pnrty for thelr own
selilsh dosigns, whlch are 'eontrary to
tho princlples of Doinocraey, Tho call
ls slgncil hy N. \v. Ilodlngor, ,1, it.
Culp, ,1, F. Shepporcl, XV. IX. llumo.
Ilugh tiamlltoii, .Ir.. C, li. Wllllngham,
tl. C, Bowon and 0. T. Kuihrey,
SIISS IIAIIIIII-T FCI.SIBH, SIAVOIt OF BOSTON' AXI) HIS PARTY. HON7 XV. II. WHITTAKEB,
S'uprrMitrtiilcnt of Vfatting NurseiT An- t.rtt to rlg-hti Sllns SInry Boyle O'Bell |%v, Slr. Herbert S. f'nrrutb, Sllns SInry A. Durkrn, Slsyor Georete A. Illhhnrd, Siiporliitendoiit of ludliinn Beformniory
norlatlon, of fblesKo, prominent nmohK Sllnn Adelnide Illhhnrd, n? .lenYrnoiiYllle, jiroinlncnt r.aione
npi-nkom j-enferdny. Picture taken by Tlmes-Dlspatch staff pliotographcr. npenkern ycslerday.
RALLY TO DEFENSE OF
OLD-AGE PENSION PLAN
Attack by Insurance Statistician Arouses Mayor of Boston
ancf Other Prominent Delegates?Some Live Dis
. cussion at Section on Statistics.
Wlthout being here in person to de
fcnd his positioii, Froderlck I.. Hoff.
man, statls'ticlan of tbc Prudontial Llfd
Insurance Company, attacked thc sys?
tem of old-ago ponsiong In a paper
presented to llic Section on Statistlcs
of Iho Natlonal Conferenco yesterday.
Bolng unable to attend, Mr. Hoffman
sent his addross, which was rond by
Chalrman John Ivoren. expert spei-la!
agent of thc Unlted StntOH Census Bu
rcau, Hin statement that thr bounty
remove- mnny Inccntivos for tbrlft wns
assalled on all sldes. Mayor Ilibbard,
of Bnstnn. and othors tnking particular
oxccptlon to that opinion.
Mr. Hoffman was rather liberal in
the monthly allowances, nafnlng X5 a
weok as tho average. He showed that
thls sum. paid to all persons in the
l'nlted States ovor slxty years of age,
would invnive on expendlture ot $434,
000.000 annually. Mr. Rosowell Page.
a member of the A'irginia House of
Delegates from Hanover county, sald
the board of suporvlsors had found
lhat lls approprlatlon to aged mon and
women, supptemented by supplies from
merchants nnd others. was Insigniti
cant. not being moro than *$"> a month,
hut It onablod theso peopie'to maintaln
themselves outslde thc almshouse.
\-.Miiiloii ln l nivl-c.
Holding that agltation of tbe ponsion
system is unwlso, Mr. Hoffman dls?
cussed the subject of old age ns the
causo of poverty. saying thnt It 1" a
world-wido condition and re'iuiros at?
tentlon at the hands of the charity
societies of the Stntes. "Tho problem
Whlch cbtlfronta society." he continued,
"is whether what ls to bo done for the
agod poor should rest on a sound eco
nomic basls. rather than that the cir
puiristan'ces should bo govorned by irra
ti'onnl and precarlous sontimont. The
subject of Stato pensions in old age is
attrnctln'g a conslderable amount of
attentlon tn tbe Unlted States, nnd a
specinl commission has been appolnted
in Massachusetts to examine Into its
practicability In that .Stnte. In AA'is
consln, Illlnols; Florida and other
Statos attentlon is belng glvon to the
subject of Stnte insurnnce upon a vol?
untary and compulsory basls. In Eng?
land the investigation.**' and reporls find
thelr most radical embodlmont in tho
schome of Charles Booth for froe nnd
unlvcrsal old-age pensions. beginning
wltli the age of slxty-ftve, for an
amount of $1.20 a week."
Poverty Duo to Siiunndcrlng.
Dlscusslng the technlcal problems of
the systems ln Germany and Austria,
and tlie system in England, Mr. Hoff?
man held that tlie contrlbuting pensior.
scheme is the only working solution,
addlng that measures and means by
whicli the State system can bo avolded
would be more preferable. Ho said
that much more could be done lf the
worklng poople were educated in ef?
fective methods of thrift.
"I hold," he naid, "lhat the n-.ilnl lon
for Stnte peuslnnn lu tlie Unlted Stntes
In 111-ndvlned In that the problem of
poverty iu old.ngo, nn generally met
wltli, l? prlmnrlly the renult of 111
speut yenrs, or M-speut enrnings, or
lll-spcut Mnvlugii, nnd whnt In needed
most ln rntloiinl .educatlon in bounehold
ccnnoinlcN. Tbc n-rltntion for old-age
pensions ln truth nnd In fnct him not
come froni those wlio would he the
beneflelaries under the proposed meas?
ures or plans, hut rather from tho_*}_
who feel atrougly, hut rennon badly,
upon the fncts of the ease,
"The chlef safeguurd against poverty
and dependence In old age Is a thor?
oughly sound nnd well-conducted fam?
ily life, such as prevails in the pre
ponderatlng majority of Anierican
homes. In thls truly lies the strength
of tlie people, and not ln the money in
tlie banks, nor, for that matter. ln
policies of Insurance, or In contracts o(
annultles, All these are menns to an
end, but at the root of the problem of
poverty and old age lies the proper
conception of Individual responslblllty,
nnd this. .no doubt would be weakened
and partly destroyed by relianco upon
State support ln old age."
Mayor Hlbbnrd for Old Men.
AVlth the statomont that he had come
here to learn, Mayor George A. Hlb?
bnrd, of Boston, attacked the assertion
of Mr. Hoffman that old-ago pensions
destroy the Incentive for thrift among
working poople. "I am dlsappointod
wltli Mr. lloffman's paper," sald Mayor
Ilibbard. "My eight years' experience
ds pustmaster convlnces mo that 1 can
declnre unquallftedly for tho old-age
penslon, especially for governmont em?
ployes, whlch would mean tho saving
of money. About tlio question of city
employes I am not so woll Informed.
Before leaving Boston I dlrected lhat
a llst of old employes be secured. To
dny niy~ prlvato secretary telegraplied
me lhat thero were 700 men working
for Ihe clty who aru more thnn slxty
years old. Thls wholo question ln
volvos a serlous problem. llow Is tho
dny laborer golng to Have money for
hls doclining yenrs whon tho cost of
living 1* so great nnd wagos'aro at tlm
nilniinum?
"Vou must do one of three things?
pension the old mnn. carry him on the
pay roll or dlscharge him. As Mayor
of Roston I wlll hot dlscharge him,
and will contlnue to carry hlm on the
pay roll at the expense of tlie tax
payers. I have taken up the general
subject wlth labor leaders; but wlthout
,-Tceompllshing anythlng. Llke Judge
Mack. nf Chlcago. I am an optlmlst,
and belleve we pan work out thls
problem in the Interest of the clty and
the State."
Prnixrd Rlchmond Society.
Ma;. ur llihhnrd oxpressed thc. hope
that tho conference next year would
have mpro general sesslons aml fewer
scctfons. "I wanted to attend so many
of thc latter." be said. "that 1 liave
been ? trotflng around to-day liko a
Jumplng jack. N'ext year I hope to
extend an invitation for you to meet
wlth us in l?lo. Wo are'cleaning up
Boston. and When you come you will
Ihlnk that we hnve a monopoly on
Sapollo. I dld not know untll 1 camo
here that Massaehusetts bad appolnted
ati old-aire pension commission.
"Thls morning my party had break?
fast wlth Mrs. X. V. Bandolpb. whose
husband was a C'onfe.^>rate ofTlcer, and
from her I learned that tho TV^crt E.
Loc Au.xlHnry hnd spent $23,000 wlth?
out one cent of eNpense. It seems to
me that we in the North mlght c,n:u
late that example."
Oolnp After HofTman.
Mr. H. .1. Martin. of New Vork. who
supported the views as oxpressed by
Mayor lfIbbard. said that Charles Booth.
to whom Mr. Hoffman referred, hud
found that poverty was due to old age
itself. and not to thriftlessness. Tho
capacity of the workman' to do without
rellef."on account of his savings, waB
abundantly Justlfled, he said, In the re?
cent period of flnanclal depresslon. Mr.
Martin sald that Mr. Hoffman had
swelled ahnormally the cost of pen
slons when ho named $5 a week as
the mlnlmum standard.
Dr. J. H. Stolper, of Oklahoma. and
Professor F. XV. Blackmar. of thc Unl?
verslty of Kansas. advocated the pen?
sion system. Professor Kelsey, of the
Unlverslty of Pennsylvanla. who
touched upon It In passing, dlscredlted
thc correctness of statlstlcs, lncludlng
those prepared by the government.
The report of .Chalrman Koren. whlch
was malnly technlcal and statlstical,
wns read and adopted.
"The Misuse of Statlstlcs" was the
subject of an address by Miss Kate Hol
llday Claghorn. statlsticlan of the Ten
cment House Department. of New York.
"It ls tlme." she said, "that some
sort of a critical pruning-knll'e be ap?
plled to tho wlld luxuriance of the
statlstical jungle outslde of offlclal
boundaries." She urged co-operation in
thp general work.
Drowned ln Enrlj- Morning.
NOBFOLK. VA.. May 8.-?A man by
the name of Slmmons, employed by the
Coastwlse Dredglng Company as n
j barge hand. sllpped overboard In the
I harbor just before clay 'this morning
ond was drowned. The body has not
been recovered.
THREE PROMINENT CHARITY WORKERS
MR. ril.l.VK ,1. lilll \u, HON. THOMAS M. JIVlJll', Oll. OIIABIiHS fiOHST,
ot L'oluruilo Suriuiis, Col, uf Sew Vork, l'rcultlvllt, vjl lli-udntn, Wls,
CENTRAL 818
Mlll. OE
EDERAL
F
Irideterminate Sentence of
Criminals Strongly Advo?
cated in the Discussion.
Prisoners Must Work.
Declarlng in favor of a board of con
trol for thc management of Fcderal
prlson.-. Chalrman W. 11. Whittaker,
superlntendent of the Indlana State Be
formatory at .Icffersonville. led a dis?
cusslon before the dlvlslon on crlmlnals
yesterday niornlng In thc hall of tlio
House of Delegates. on the general
toplc, "Dlsciplme and Kmploymcnt of
Cnlted States Prlsoners."
''Legislation for tho control, manage
nient and lmprovement of the I'nlted
Slates government penltcntlarles ls
slow and unwleldy." said Mr. Whit?
taker. "Undor the present system thls
matter is in thc hands of a committee
of Congress. composed of men burdened
wlth other affalrs. men who have sel?
dom. :f ever, boen In any of thc prlsons
under their control. and who have, ln
many cnses.i hut little practicaI knowl?
edge of prlson system, dlsclpllne or
roiitinc.
"Legislation by this system is neces
sarily slow. Many of the most needed
reforms walt for years for the neces?
sary authorlty of a busy Congress. The
people who nre In touch wlth condi?
tions in Unlted States prlsons aro sel?
dom. if ever. consulted by the congres?
sionai commlttee. Personally I would
much prefer a board of control for the
management of all Unlted States prls?
ons?a board wlth broad powers both
of lnspectlon and management.
Prisoner* nml Work.
Mrs. Foster. of Washlngton clty, dls?
cussed government reformatorios aud
the methods of Inducing work, telllng
of a Western institution which lias re?
cently bought 1,000 acres of land and
put lts men to ditchlng and farmlng.
She held that all ablc-bodied Inmates
of institutions should hnve employ?
ment. and declared that work ls the
salvatlon of the prisoner. and Idleness
the purse of tho jail system. Contin
ulng, she told of the system In one
reformatory, where each lnmate is put
at a rock pllo and fed according to th';
amount of rock he breaks. A lazy
and lndolent man is not forced to labor,
?but Is fed only on the barest necessl
tles of llfe, while a more industrious
prisoner, who ls wlllltig to work, ts
kept ln comfort. Mrs. Foster con?
cluded:
"lf only llie world would' learn to
understand that cconomlcs atul rellglon
are one, that all real work for the
beltermeiu of man ls that whlcli all
lovers of souls should be engaged ln,
the results would come."
Inileternilniite Senlcuee.
"In the discusslon whlch followed.
and ln whlch a number of speakers
took part. the Indeternilnate sentence
MAY URGE CONGRESS TO
CREATE HEALTH BOARD
Dr. Lindley Says. Cohstitution Must Be Amendcd-il Nec.es
sary?Bad Housing, Next to Drink, as
Gorrupting Influence. .
tseiore tnis conferenee anjourns i
hopo it wlll tako sultable actlon nnd
urge the United States government to
establlsh a Natlonal Department of
Health." sald Dr. Walter I.iiidley, of
Los Angeles. chairman of tho Public
Health Sectlon, at Its mcetlng yester?
day; "I do not believe that It.will
requlro an ainendment to thc Constl?
tutlon, but If It does. wo ought to seek
lhat. The country certainly needs thls
department, I do not agree wlth thc
theory that wo must let the gqye.nn.cht
movo in an casy-golng fashion. as some
one suggested tho othor day. We want
new things, even' lf it does stir up the
country; wo want to do Justlcc to the
suffering poople of thls country."
Dr. Llndley's statemont followed an
addross b.v Dr. .1. II. Stolper. of Okla?
homa. in whicli bo polnted out the fact
that tho Unlted Statos Is tho only coun?
try wlthout a systematlc health or?
ganlzatlon.
S'.lnn Pnlnier en Hcfnrm.
Though ndmlttlng thnt drunkenness
Icads the llst of causes for tho neces?
slty of reform work, Miss Harrlet Fill
mer, superlntendent of the Visiting
Xurses' Association of Chicago, who
dlscussed "Bad Houses and Soclal Be
form." malntalned that tho houslng
conditions came noxt to tho wholesale
use of liquor as a corruptlng Influence.
?-'Two-thlrdS of thc reform measures
whlch nre yearly talked over at the
N'ationa: Conforence of Charltles bear
upon bad houslng conditions." sho sald.
"Two-thlrds of tbc dolinquent children
come froni homes where bad nnd poor
vehtilation predominates* two-thlrds of
the physically ill chlldren: one-third of
tlie mentally dedcient chlldren:' one
third of tlic shlftless mothers; two
thlrds of the dosertlng fathers, come
from tlio same homes.
"Houslng reform is not a local ef?
fort; it is a great natlonal projilom. It
touches close to the practlcal solution
of the great AVhlte Plaguo. It means
moral, decont cltlzenshlp. Some ex?
cellent work has boen done by th';*
tenement house committee of New
of prisoners was strongly udvocated.
One of the speakers sald:
"I am opposed to the release of ap?
parently unreformed prisoners merely
becau--a thelr term ls up. Such people
should not be turned loose on society.
We don't take an Insane man to the
asylum and demand that they curo him
ln six months or a year, or any other
deflnite time, and then turn hlm loose.
whether that cure has been effected
or not."
Mr. V.'illson. of AVashington. D. C,
objected to tho district jail system. be?
cause there was no employment, nelther
industrial nor educational work bolng
provlded. In the larger prisons tlle
reason given is that many of tlie small?
er county jails hnve but a few Inmates,
and cannot afford to keep up sliops
and places of employment for their
men. Mr. Willson said tlie time would
soon come when the governmont would
have a model penltentlary in Wash?
ington. Government prisoners from
that clty are now taken to other States
for inoatcerntion.
York, the Clty Homes Association nf
Chlcago. thc commlttee of ono hundred
on publlc health. Thcse ? movements
are elther local or Interested in all tlu
'sources aflecting publlc health. What
wo want ln order lo iiwakon national
Interest and wldo-spread reform Is onr
great movement wlth houslng refonr
as lts only speclflc purpose. All thi:
work should be'under municipal con?
trol, but untii thc public consci'enee lt
awakched we aro not going to mnkc
any groal strldes ln reforming condl?
tlons.-'
Sninc .StrlkhiK Tlintights.
Miss Fiilmer gavo theso striking
scntenccs:
"IlouMlug reform ir. not a Inenl nffnlr.
M In u grent nnllonnl problem. Ii
louehi-M close home lo the pittlictli
ntury <if thc grent IVIille PInguc. II
iih-iiiik dcccnl, mornl cttl/.cnxhlp.
"Two-tblrdH uf Ilu- need for eorrec.
tlve nnd reform mensnrcn would lu
done nwny wlth If we saw lo It tluil
llie nhjects or our concern luul decenl
Miinltnry llvlng; place*.
"Flrat nl?l tn the Injured reiiiedlc
nres
-Fonrlc** lirnllli nrtlclnl* In ever;
cniumunll.v) n publle lienldi coiiiiuit te<
in every Clty Councll.'*
Whnt Vlrglnln Has IJone.
Captaln \Y. XV. Baker, of Chesterfield
a memt'cr of the Vlrginia House oi
Delegates, spoko briefly. Hc saitl tha:
no subject appealed to tho people. ol
thls State wlth more force than thal
relatlng to health condltlons. llo ex?
plained the recent law by which the
sum of $10,000 was approprlated foi
the Stato Health Commisslon. "We art
beglnnlng tho most Important work
that was ever started In Vlrginia," sale
Captaln Baker. "We do not mind
spendlng mlllions fnr educatlon, and ]
would not crltlclze that: but heretofore
we have done practlcally nothing foi
thc care of thf health of those whom
wc educate."
There was a general discusslon oi
tin- slum question, one of the speakers
saylng that tho cltles are oulldlng
more thnn they clean. tho idea, as ex
pressed. belng that tho States musl
bulld cities without these low quarters
SET FlltlO TO BUILDING.
Men Adinll Hnvlug Done So ln Show
Tlieir Servh-e* Were Needed.
[Speclal to The Tlmi>.--Uispatch.J
NOUFOLK, VA.. .Mny S.?Firemen C.
S. Broughton. .1. F. Sharp, Julius Storz,
V. M. Huffman, Edward Bryson and
A. li. Thrall, of the Kxposltlon Depart?
ment, were to-day ordered held hy
Justice Backus for the Norfolk county
grand jury'on the charge bf'nrson, lt
being charged tliat they set flre to the
Phlllpplne vlllage.
It Is declnred lhat Sharp nnd
Broughton have confessed to the crlme
and will be allowed to turn State's
evidence ln Ihe forthcoming trlal. It
Is declared that the fire wa.s started
because of the threat to cut down the
flre flghtlng force at the grounds, tbe
men wlshlng to create the idea that tho
men wero needed.
IIOSIMTAI, UOAltD M13I2TS.
(Vuestlnn <>f Eplleptlc Colony (n Be
Tnken I p lu .1 unc.
[Spoclal to The Tlmos-Dispatch. 1
WILLIA.MSBUBd". VA., May 8.? The
General Board of Virginia Insane llos
pitals and the special board for tha
Fastern Stute Hospltal met here yes?
terday nfternoon. After general rou
tino business was finished tho question
of an eplleptlc colony was taken up,
but postponed untll a speclal meeting
In June.
Leave was grnnted to Dr. O. C. Bruhk
lo attend a meetlng in Clnclnnatl of
Siipoiiiiiendents nf Asylums. A'ftar
huslness was finished tlu- bourd divid?
ed Inlo four coVnmlttefcs to Inspeci the
buildings. The reports showed thnt
all Is In good condition. '
SIFFOI.K'S MF.MOIMAI, DAV.
Mv, Wlllu'i-s Makes n Cuptlvatlng Ad?
dress Wholly ln Verse.
ISpccliil io Thu Tliiie?-DI?ptttch,.l
SUFFOLK, VA., May S.?Confederate
Momorlal Day was observed here thi
I iii'ternouii, all business beJng suspeml
I cil nfter i o'clock iii nuisnapoe of. Way;
or N'oiileoi's piiiclaiiiatjiui.
Following a parade of veterans, ml?
lltla and school cadets; tlieiv was an
oraiion In Cedar nll Cemetery bv As?
sembly Delegates Bobprt Walter With?
ers, wlio was introduced hy Command
er \'. S. K'ilhy. of Ihe.Tiiin Snillh I'ainp
ri'lui entiro address of nbout tr?u llnos
was ln verse. state Commander W. ll
stewart, f Portsmouth, also mado a
short address.
hus Issued a cluirtor to thc Nm 'th
Ur.iiicli I'lii'iH.ratliiii, Norfolk. Jnn. T.
llulton, presideul; l-'laiu-is Ulchii'dsiiti.
socretnry uud ucasurcr; , Adiulril
Hiiiiklcv- ill of Norfolk CupItul;
iMiCiiumui. f.'IO.OiU); iuiniuui.il. .?Ji?,<? >*? >.
Objccis: ileul cataio Imaltiesa,
Organizations Have Been Forced
to Let Down Bars During
Past Few Months.
Berofo iho
es, lll the bl
ipal Cliur.-h
?resting pi
Section on Needy Faml
im'fihi of st. Paul's i-ipis
estonl.-ty mornlng. ,111 m
?r on "Liniitutinns -if
Charlty in Donling Wlth the Hnom
pl'oyod" wns rend hy sir. Porter lt. i-oo.
:.etary nf thd Charlty Organlzatlon
Society of Buffalo. Many'prominent:
chuVoh and charlty workers of Rlch-:
mond were present, the hall heing fllledj
to lt-i caparlty. In tlie dlscusslon whlrlv
followed tlic formal paper. and whlch
was opened i>>- Miss Bylngton, of Pltts-]
burg, there was referenco to a consid
erable change In Industrial condltlons
durlng tho past twelve months. a rriucll]
larger number uf people belng out of i
worlc ih,ui ln former years, wlth a cor-j
respon'dlngly heavlcr demand on ibe'
resources of tlie chnrlty organizations.!
In many citles llte dlctuni of the or- i
gnnlzed charltles lhat an ablebodled
man must work has been almost lm* I
posslble ot enforcement, whon thero I
was no work to be obtained, and to
prevenl actual starvatlon nnd suffer?
ing, thc bars havo beon lowered.
Tbc rncntjiloyeil.
Slr. Lee dealt wltli this plinse ot thff
subject at some length. presentlng es?
timates as to tho number of thc un-:
employed. He continued:
"Without attdmpting to present any'
accurate figures, it is still Iposslbtc to
indlcate tlic rxtcnt of uiiemploynienlj
last wlnter. Tho Now A'ork State De?
partment of Labor reported -2,G27 uniort
workmen uneinployed on December "1,
1907, whicli was "!.'-' per cent. of th_
totnl uniort membershlp rcporting.,
Later figures aro unavallabte, So fn*
us ls practlca'ble, tlio homeloss maS
nnd tbe wandorer hns heen ollniin.-itcdj;
from thls dlscusslon nnd from thoso
ligtiros. Tho charlty organlzatlon socl- j
otles hnve reported an increase In thelr
work wlth famllles, ns follows: Buf?
falo. 100 per cont.: Cincinnatl, -75 per
ccnt.; Cleveland, 100 per cent.; Mlnne
apolls, 30 per ccnt.; Newark, --1 per ]
cent.: New Vork. 50 per cont.: Phila?
delphla, 267 por cent.; Provldence. 313
per cent.: St. Louis, 43 por cent.; St.
Paul, f,0 per ccnt.: Sprlnglleld, GS per
ccnt. ; ,
"Al the outsot we nre facod wlth tha
Impossibillty of reachlng causes.' Tho
triumpii of modern phllanthropy! Its
domlnant note, ns Dr. Dcvlno has dc
cluieil. Is Its inslstence upon tiie re?
movnl nf causes, Individual nml social.
as iis moat Important work. The causes
of tbo unusual uncniploymcnt or last
wlnter wero Intricate nud dlfflcult to
dcllne.
? "Some of the moro important factors
affectlng tlic situation wero sum
! marlzod hy Frank Julian AVcrne ln a
[report ln the New York Charlty Or
tganlzatlcn Society in January, as fol?
lows:
I "1. The ilnanclal strlngoncy.
".. The usual dl.splaccment of labor
ln wlnter, aggravatod by thc genorai
check to pioducllon. resultlng from the
shutting down in whole or in part of
maiiufacturlng plants.
"3. Tho 'order' system of production,
whlch in mnny enses has stipplanted
'stock' productlon, nnd tends to mako
dniployinent lesa secure.
"I. bvt-rstocklng of goods by rotail
ors. due to falluro of cool weather last
summer to clenr tholr stock of spring
goods. rctardlng production at this sea?
son.
",1. Presldential year.
Other Dlniciiltlcn.
"A second llmltatlon Is the dlfflculty
of npplylng the princlp.es of organlzed
charlty in a tlmo of unusual unem?
ployment. Investigation and adequate
rolief funds are fundanientiil. Thls past
wlnter hns required of mnny societies
two and three times tlio work foi*
whlch they nre nornially equipped.
"Tho functlon of an ablebodled man
is solf-support. tlirough labor. Char?
ltable relief. except with chronic do- |
pehdents, Is nothing but a temporary
ald in buildlng up phy.slcal and moral
strength, with wliich the dependent
famlly may ultlmately achio.vo self
i support. Aftor n mun is physieally and
morally fit to caro for his famlly. ho
cannot safely recelve charltable rellef.
"Another dlfflculty was oncountered
by those wlio direct thls work in tho
number of people whom it attracts to
tlio clty. Thero ls n differenee of opln?
lon ns to the valuo of relief work,
whlch we are not llkely to settle off
hand. Many leaders In social work be?
lieve direct relief tor tlie ablebodled
to bo dangerous, Others believe that,
j bad as direct relief i.s. relief given
through unnecessary or underpald
work ls more demorallzing.
! "A thlrd llmltatlon of charlty In
i deallng wlth unemployment is the dlffl
culty of reachlng famllles who do not
know the wny to n rellef society. or
whose self-respect deters thom from
npplylng. Tlie Infuslon pf warm
hdartedness into systematld charltable
work has not been nble to remove en
I tirely the sense of humlllatlpn which
I accompanies ciependence upon eharita
I ble rellef,
"A fourth llmltatlon is. perhaps, more
speeulatlvo than real. Tt'is tho effect
on wages of efforts to re-ostabllsh thn
dependent unoiuployed tn lndustry. as
industrial operatlons are resumed. In
I tlie. first place. we mny well question
whether in fnlrncss a society should
not wlthhold all efforts to secure work
I for Its beneflclarles untll after those
wlio have weiUhered tho storin without
charltable ald havo found work. Th-i
latter are undoubtedly entltled to mora
credit. But tho very dependance of tho
former makes hls case tha moro urgent.
Cbarity Hns Done AWll.
"I do not believe thal ii .i-li.irltnhlo
! society does more liiiport-.iut work thnn
j Uint at faihlliarizing the public wlth
i soclal conditions that need n remedy.
j Only ln this way can soclal workers
reach thfi causes of unemployment;
' While the past year has shown' cor
! tain llmltations, lt has nlso shown
strong oftectlvo work, Largely througli
the members of this
and kindly dlstrlbuli
relleyed an Imnieit-"
fering and prevented
m.
the widn
u-ity has
'Th
iph
rally I
?haritj
eurlous lnqulry
tion. has ben ,
aomobddy why
nn
dost
.piioi'ti.rilti
illdllMli.l
lll" |
charltable .?ontilhtiil'n..- sl
decronsd in other expi nd
lll-considered charlty biirl
porl of d?tn,hltshed agimVifl
tnot-t effective. work; whv
Whlch this winler's ci'i-i-i
should be inuilc COIlttlUU
benellt of thoso
ls normal. ln splt.- <
t-lwrlt}; hus dono well
? f Its llmllal'on.i,