The times dispatch. [volume], May 01, 1911, Page 4, Image 4

About The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914

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MONDAY, MAY 1. 1911.
IWKEPKESEN.TATIVB GOVli It X MESST,"
There is an linmc-nsc deal' of flub;
[dub, or bosh, or make-believe. In the
lolitlcs of the present day. \Vo are
:onstantly hearing about the failure
if "representative government.'- about
.ho steps which arc imperatively
Accessary to preserve our institutions!
'.d_x.es to re our system of things to |
it3 pristine purity, about the teriiblo
calamities that will overtake the land
Jf this, that or, the other view or
policy shall not prevail, or this, that
or the other candidate for high olllclnl
station shall not lie elected. It is
tlmo," of much and sore disquietude,
time; when we should he watching as
veil as praying. It was Abraham Din
coin who said that all of the people
could not be fooled nil of the time;
but they have been so "easy" for so
many years that we have at limes
doubted the wisdom of the great Ken
tticklan's judgment. There Is the Re?
publican party, for example, which has
.been In control of the Government lit
."Washington for fifty years, with the
exception of only two brief breathing
spells, and it has looked as If it would
hang on forever; but It uinot bo
paid truthfully that. Its continuance In
power has resulted from the failure, of j
"representative government," the very
sweet morsel the politicians delight I
to roll under their spcll-hindlng
tongues; but that, a majority of the
voters of tho country, or of the men
who voted at the elections, hav0 voted |
for the candidates of tills miserably
corrupt old party. Rad as It Is and
bad as It has been, It has been ropro
Bcntatlvo of n majority of the voters!
of the country, with tho exception of
the Presidential election In 1S70, when
tho will of tho people was defeated j
by the representatives of the people
In the Congress at Washington.
Dot us take the figures i the last
lour Presidential elections: Iii lSHii,'
the popular vote for President was
Tho Republican candidate
nd tho Deino
cr.it le candidate received 0,502,925
yob s. The popular majority against.
13.C07.704. The Republic;
li reived 7,VoT,Ti!l votes, an
tthe Democrats was 601,851. In lnun
; the populhr vote for President was
i;i,50 7,050.. Tho .Republican candidate
received 7,207,92s votes, and the Dem?
ocratic candidate received 0,.158,133
votes. The popular majority for the
Republican candidate was S19.79U
votes. In 1901 the popular vote, for
President was 12,701,39". The Repub?
lican candidate received 7,U23,-ISii
votes, and the Democratic candidate
received 5,077,911 votes. Tho popular
majority for the Republican Candida to
was 2,545,675. In 190S, the popular
vote for President was 11.OSS,012. The I
Republican candidate received 7,fitS,- |
OOS votes, and the Democratic caiidi- ]
dato received 6,Ift9,.10l voles. Tho pop- j
ular majority .fxir',..i!u) Republican can?
didate was 1,269,S01: In these four
elections, 63,9(11,1(19 votes were cast,
and of this number Ihe Republican
candidates for President received 29,
fi 15.090 votes, and the Democratic can?
didates received 21,319.075 votes. It
cannot be said fairly with so enor?
mous a vole as this that the people
did not have a chance to express their
preferences, and that tho Presidents
elected, bad ns they may he right?
fully esteemed, were not representa?
tive of the people. Wo think tliui 29.
.119,075 of them have heen badly fool
led In tho last twelve years. I.nt what?
ever this may prove it docs m>t prove
that in the matter of tho Presidency
vtIn? .country has not had "representa?
tive government," the latest of Hie
cries that lias been taken up [o stir
the groundlings.
Take the last Congress and Ihe pres?
ent Congress, and it will he found that
In this body ??reprosenlatlvo govern?
ment" has not failed. In the last Con?
gress, there wer- :?]( Republicans and
175 Democrats; In the present t ..ti?
gress there are 22''. Democrats and
105 Republicans. This for tho "popu?
lar" branch of the Congress. In the
Senate of .the last Congress there were
Sixty Republicans and thirty-two
r^WmoraiK |n ii,e present Senate
..?"there a iv llfty-one Republicans and
forty-one Doinoertits. u would appear
from this showing, also, that "repre?
sentative government" ha'a hot passed
iiway from the land, but thai lliio peo
J.ie :,r,- Mlil able IP take care ?f their
own hiWresls, at.U to select tli.ii own
representatives in the uOod old way.
Who t we object to and what the
people should object to is the do
liberale attempt that is everlastingly
?iiiide to deceive the people, lute |>o
Roving thai some new-fangled method
i:i necessary tu save them froth theiii
holvea.' There has net been a time
efneo the foundation of the (lovern
Tvjiin when the demagogue was inure
Oft Ivo than he Is at the present time,
unit there was novel' a time when the
people were more deceived by the
nostrums ?hieb Ihe quacks would pro
scribe for tho pody-polllic, nnd almost
t&varlablv. as the cautious votxr wtu
perceive, with somo personal object
in view. "Wo bollovo that the wolfarc
of this country would bo servod by
the defeat of the party In power; Hint
It has not been faithful to Its obliga?
tions; that It has served tho interests,
tho sections, tho favored Industries
to tho neglect of and at tho expense
of Hie general public, and we bollovo
further that It can be defeated by U
campaign of education among the peo?
ple, by the exposure of its short?
comings, tho character of Its acts, the
criminal waste of the resources of
the people nnd tho use of Its power
to perpetuate Itself; but we do not
believe that anything is to bo gained
for the public good by tho Invention
of new and untried remedies for the
evils from which w0 bavo suffered, or
by trying to deceive the people into
the belief that "representative gov?
ernment" In this country docs not
exist. If that wcre true. It would
menu that the only remedy would be
firmed nnd bloody revolution. There
are quite enough points of difference
between the two great political par
tics for their alignment for the strug?
gle next year, but tho situation should
not be confused by unfounded appeals
to the mob spirit.
CO .V C. II HSSI OX A I,>II1.1 i A f i H.
Tho Democratic majority In the
House has. busied Itself strenuously
with measures looking to the reduction
of unnecessary expenses, to the ellml
I nation of superfluous olllccs, and to
doing away with many kinds of graft,
large and small?but it has lacked
mornl courage In refusing to cut down
the amount of mileage received by each
Congressman. The House Democrats
arc lacking backbone when It comes
to making u change which will slightly |
detract from tho comfort and pocket- |
book of tho members of 'the House. |
It ir, all right to cut out unnceded em?
ployes and their expenses, but in this
direction Congressmen mnkc n most
flugrnnt"distinction between meum nnd
tuum, in favor of meum.
Ten oenis the mile is allowed to
Congressmen ns in II en go. This Is at
least three times what (ho amount
should |,e, for none travel al a higher
rate than I! cents and soino get by on
2 cents. Tho 10-cenl rate wns estab?
lished when railroad fnres were much
higheri than they arc now, but with
tho decrease in railroad rates there
came no corresponding decrease In the
rate of Congressional mileage.
Some days ago a member of the
House offered a resolution cutting the
rule down to r, cents, which wns still
excessive, but the proposal met with
no support. Keeping the 10-ooivt rata
Is a .matter In which the Democrats
and Republicans arc in collusion] Roth
parlies arc "In" on this graft. Tho
I members simply pay out cents nnd
[Itrop the oilier 7 fur pocket change.
1Congressmen, in this matter, are on a
par with the campaign speakers who
Hock to headquarters in a na?
tional campaign ,?nfl are retained for
I stump speaking, with the understand?
ing thai all expenses arc to bo paid.
These harp ion stop ui cheap hotels, cat
in r.-cent soup houses, travel In day
conches, and then when they present
their expense bills Itemize them and
pad them our with es pensive hotel
rates, four-dollar men Is and I'ui II man
faro to the king's taste.
Till', ItltJHT fl'UXT HOOKS.
In Its bliest issue, the K?stern Shore
Herald says editorially In regard to
n valuable history, which Is the result
of the exhaustive, research ami scholar?
ship of .lonnings C. Wise, of the Hlch
iiiond bar:
"Wise's History of the Kastorn Shore
of Virginia" should be made n text
book for our section. The school of
llclnls should take hold of this inaller
land get the State Board of Kducatlon
! lo adopt it for the K?stern Shore. The
more one looks over ibis interesting
; book, the mure Impressed will such n
one become with the splendid work
j done by the former Unstern Shoreman
I for the good of ibis section in putting
In permanent form so much Hint might
not be known bad lie not written Hiis
book.
in i be very next breath tho Herald
goes on i<> say as to Klson's history:
Tin- lllchniond Times-Dispatch, in a
recent issue, excoriates dial 'Klson's
history recently used in Koauoke. it
Is rcnui'vkiiblc Hint such a book vhoulil
ever have obtained lodgment in a
Southern school. There is Utile wonder
that the North should be so ignorant
of the true history of the country since
! isitti when Hie fact of their dcllhcfale
11> Issuing such books is taken Into
I consideration. They burn up truthful
I histories nhoui Mncidn and bis times
nnd In their place take up sucli per?
verted i"t ns the book iibovo mention
, ,; .ilow cm lliey hope lo know the
j truth'.'
These two statement* of our eoti
tcmporii ry are taken together as :i
texl for a little preachment about the
? use <il' historical lext books In Hie
schools nn'tl colleges of Hie South, es?
pecially in Virginia where Hie coil;
i iroversy ?\rr Klson's history Indicates
[so clearly thai Hie right kind of books
I Is not used In all our schools und col?
li gesj and thai in hi least one high?
er Institution <>f learning academic
' liberty is simply academic license to
! teach anything and everything, In nc
': corduueo with the idiosyncrasies of
! tile professor and ^v1111 disregard of
' f:icl.
! If tho si,-called scientific historians
of ibis day anil Hm? who live across
the line cannot write Impartial und
trustworthy histories, then there is bul
? ui>. Illing bit lo do, und thai Is lo
full back on those which hnve been
j written by Southern writers. Some of
] these histories -ire impartial nnd some
are i x parte. Sonic Hie loo hitler mid
loo prejudiced for use now, bul there
are others which can be obtained with?
out (rouble. When we havo such wrlt
i ers of general American history ns
j w.Irow Wilson, Dr. Henry Alcxan
! dor White, Mrs. I,ec and others, and
j such writers of Virginia history ns Dr.
i Philip' Alexander Bruce, Dr. Charles II.
Ambler, of Randolph-Mncon College,
I'resldcnl (.yon <'.. Tyler, of William
atul Mary College, .fennlh'gs C. Wise
and other*. ther* ouirht to be little
difficulty tn using existing volumes
written by these authors.
Histories of a particular section of
the State, or of counties, notably Uko
Scott's "History of Orange" and Wise's
"History of the Kastorn Shore," should
certainly be used In the schools of the
section or county about which each
Is written. Local pride Is Just as es?
sential as State pride. Just as Stato
pride is as necessary and commcndablo
as national pride. The school children
ought to be Informed concerning tho
great and honored men of the past who
have came from the counties, of the
part played In history by tho county or
section as the caso may be. Virginia
counties arc rich in local history,
which is also part of American his?
tory, and wo should not only use the
local histories we have, but Insist on
more being written.
MONEY POU THE 3IIMTIA.
An attempt will bo made at tho
present extra session of Congress to
pass a militia pay bill. It provides
for an annual paypicnt of $S.000,000
to tho active militia of the several
States enlisted in the National Guard
and, therefore, a part of the available
military strength ot tho Government.
Tho bill was drawn after conferences
between tho War Department and
representatives of the National Guard.
It provides that when In actual service
the officers and men of tho National
Guard shall rccolvo the same pay as
ilie ofllcers and men of tho Regular
Army; "actual service," meaning the
annual encampments and manoeuvres,
and military duty in tho suppression
of riots and insurrections. When not
In actual service, the mllltltL will ro
celyo, as tho Now York Times says,
"a percentage of army pay on tho
principle of equal pay for equal work."
An clt'ort was mado at the last ses?
sion of Congress to sectiro the passage
of a similar bill; hut It failed at that
time, wo believe, because the friends
of tlio Regular establishment were not
exactly fair In their treatment of a
measure which had received their ap?
proval, but the passage of which at
that time would have Interfered some?
what with the eli'orts of certain In?
terests lo feather their own nests. 11
should be passed now and passed
without objection, as tho safety of
tho country In caso of war would de?
pend upon a well-drilled. well?
cquipped. thoroughly organized militia.
The passage ot this measure, as Tho
Times says, "will tend to grcutly In?
crease tho efficiency of tho citizen sol?
diery." "Rut," Tho Times adds:
"But tho plou in its ravor that It
will lead to a reduction of tho stand?
ing army is not Justlllable. The Na?
tional Guard is merely a reserve, and
cannot take the place of a well
drilled regular army. It is not likely
thai tlie numbers of the United Slates
Army can be reduced, A country tliut
pays out $1 GO.Ono.OOO yearly for mili?
tary pensions, many of which are paid
to persons who have no reasonable
claim on tho Nation's bounty, cn'n
surely afford to pay $8.000,000 toward
tho maintenance of an effective army
reserve."
That is a severe indictment of the
pension system of the Government,
but It is a very effective argument In
this case. The militia bill does not
carry any pensions with it; il only pro?
vides for a lighting force behind the
regul?r army for t lie protection of
j tho country. We have frequently urged
the enactment of such legislation, and
trust that the Congress will pass the
loll now before it. It Is worth re?
membering, probably, that whllo there
are SO.OOll men in the. Regular Army,
there are 120,000 men In tho National
Guard. All the men enlisted In too
National Guard are voters.
'i'MK TEN T'(TaiMaxi1.ME.VI'S.
Some of the brethren are still tink?
ering with the Ten Commandments.
They are too long. It takes up too
much time to say them. Thoy must
j ho "boiled down" to suit ibis fast age.
j One of ihe preachers said the other
1 day that, there was no use saying
j ??very Sunday anything about coveting
j the horses and asses and servants of
j one's neighbors when I hey didn't have
I them, and, besides, tho Cmnmnnd
. incuts are not as sharp and rrlsp as
! Ihey might be. The subject has been
j tin dor discussion among the Episco
j pill Inns in New York, anil we do not
j knew what they will do with them;
! but down in old Virginia whom tho
j people si III have some -respect for the
' old paths we arc Inclined lo think
(hat the Decalogue as il is will be
the Decalogue as it will be for many
years to come.
We are somewhat heartened by tho
statement of Rishop Grocr. of New
York, that "there is 11? > Intention of
altering the spirit uf the Command
' ments;" hot only a disposition lo
shorten them to their original form by
dropping certain additions thai crept
in long before the English Prayer
Rook wik: compiled. The Bishop does
not regard the Issue as live or lively,
and does, not think that It will be. It
Hie wish lo save Ihne is to prevail,
the "beseeches" of tho service might
be reduced without changing tho
spirit. There arc only ten Command?
ments, und there are more than that
number of "bosoochos."
IUIHS1 RENT l?r 'I'llE A. N. I'. A.
IHruce lloldeman, of the Louisville
Courier-Journal, has been elected
President of the American Newspaper
Publishers' Association, and the high
honor could not have been bestowed
on a worthier man?a working Jour?
nalist of sound and discriminating
judgment, a forceful speaker, a man
with sense enough to know that there
are two ends of n newspaper, that t?
j lb say, an upstairs as well as n down?
stairs department, and withal a mighty
good fellow. Ho will fill his now posi?
tion with credit to himself und with
advantage to the Press; but strive as
he may he will find that his predeces
' sor, Merman P.lddcr. has set him a pace
I which will keep htm on his Kentucky
I mettle nil tho lime. I
I In welcoming the now President wo
may bo pardoned for speaking a word
In pralHo of tlio old, who had no other
thought In the administration of his
trust than tho welfare of the Asso?
ciation and Its memboiB. His timo,
his talents, his money were all nt tho
service of his fellows, and whether ex?
changing "plcusnntrlcs" with Speaker
Cannon or adjusting differences bo
twocn tho nowapupers und thoir em?
ployees, ho was always the same cour
ugcous, honest, dovoted sorvunt of tho
newspaper publishers of tho country.
p.vnuoTisM uiivn.vi) rnicn.
Charles O. Richer for three years
fought In tho battles of tho War for
Southern Independence as a private in
tho One Hundred and Fifty-Seventh I
Regiment, of Now York Volunteers. A
few days ago ho died at his homo In
Onoldit Castle. Now York. He was
I "never a man of independent means,"
but from the close of the war until his
death ho was distinguished for the
fact that he absolutely refused lo ac?
cept for his war services tho pension
which the Government tried to thrust
upon him. "Ills creed wns that no man
nblo to work should accept a pension."
By reason of his attitude, he was, then,
one man In n million.
The JOvening Post thinks "surely if
ever a ninn deserved a medal of honor,
It wias Mr. Rlc.kor." A monument
should bo raised to his memory, for
"whereas many a man bns won tho
Iron cross for facing bullets, there Is
scarcely an American soldier who has
looked a pension full in tho face und
refused lo surrender." Of simple faith. !
of line 'self-reliance, Private Ricker
gnve bis services freely to Ills coun?
try?and that Is his eloquent epitaph,
ono which tcn3 of thousands of men
living and dead could not claim. Ret?
ter such a soul as his than all the
money poured Into tho greedy grasp
of bummers, camp followers and vag?
rants who nnrvor knew the smell of
powder.
Till' MOST POPULAR CKIlEAli.
Those gentlemen who have, stoutly
maintained for many the long day
that "whiskey Is a food," and who
have proved their faith by tbolr works,
will bo delighted to know that thoro
is pending in the Congress a bill under
which whiskey la not only recognised
as a fond, but under which Its class
ns a food Is recognized by calling it
a "prepared cereal."
The Item Is found in the Farmers'
Free L#ist, under which Scotch as well
ns rye nnd corn whiskies are admitted
free of duty under the classification
of "prepared cereals."
As the Montgomery Advertiser says,
the old familiar conversation between
the wife and the husband lain to sup?
per will no longer bo heard. In tho
future the connubial dialogue will be
something like this:
"Henry, you have boon drinking
again."
"Nothing of Hie sort, heart of my
heart, not at all. I have touched ttoth
| Ing to-day except a little prepared
cereal."
j If this bill shall become law, there '
will be put on the market "one. of
1 tic most popular breakfast foods the
country has known." The only trouble
Is, however. Hint tho consumer of many
"prepared cereals" at ono tlmo will
not, after awhile, bo able to pro?
nounce Intelligibly tho words "pre?
pared cereal "
I THE AUTOMOBILE IXDtlSTRV.
Marvelous is the only word which
nan bo applied to Hie growth of tho
automobile Industry in the past dozen
years. In Hint tlmo It lias developed
with giant strides. Tho Census Bu?
reau has Issued a bulletin in which
are given some remarkable compnr.t
tlvo figures. In 1890 there wore 57
automobile manufacturing establish?
ments in the Hulled States. In 1909
the number had jumped to :tI ?>. an
tncroaso of IT. I per cent, in a decade.
The total production of Hie Industry
In lSlin amounted to $4,7-18,000. In iOtiO
It had Incroasod, at the rate of -1,001
per cent., to $191,722,660. Those llg
urcs, In the words of tho Census Rul
lc-tln, represent the "product as ec
tually turned out by the factories dur?
ing the census yonr." They do not,
It is pointed btii, necessarily have any
relation lo the nmount of sales for that
period of time.
In 1S99 the number of automobiles
manufactured wns 3,723. In 1909 Hie
number was I27.2S9, mi increase of
3,319 per cent. Michigan, with -13 fac?
tories, produced about -IS per cent, of
the entiro 1909 output. Indiana had
more factories in 1909, but the pro?
duction of tho 11oosler factories wns far
below that of Michigan, which lends
easily all the other States In tho In?
dustry. Ohio, with 29 factories, is next,
to Michigan in output value, while
Indiana stands third, nnd Ncw 'i'ork,
with 3-j factorlos. Is fourth. In addi?
tion to these States tho Industry In
19H9 was of importance In tho follow?
ing States in the order named: Con?
necticut, Wisconsin, Massachusetts,
Illinois, Pennsylvania and Missouri.
Illinois had 3G factories In 1909. Mis?
souri had 10, Tennessee. 1 and Ken?
tucky 1. California, Maryland, Iowa.
New Jersey, Minnesota, Colorado, Kan?
sas. Kentucky, Nebraska, Oklahoma,
Rhode Island. South Dakota, Tennessco,
Texas nnd C-eorgla hud a combined
production of -1,092 machines of tho
value of ?1,997,700.
Of the "perceptible general trend to?
ward specialization" In the automobile
industry, tile Census bulletin, says:
"Much of tho manufacture of auto?
mobiles consists of assembling the
finished parts made by other establish?
ments either ns chief or minor pro?
ducts. Of Hie latter, foundries, machine
shops, wheel works, body builders,
rubber goods manufacturers, top
makers, etc., will bo found to furnish
the greater values.
Independently of the factories which
produce complete machines und parts
incidentally, thero is another group of
establishments which produce bodies
and purls, which eventually are used l?8:
materials. There were, In 1909. 170 such
establishments reported, with a pro
duel valued at $5?,541,700, This does
not oxhausl nil the establishments
which contribute to the automobile I
Industry, at there aro others manu-I
factoring such supplies tn connection I
with other producta, but for which
separate statistics cannot ho compiled.
Thus the' engines and parts of ma?
chinery aro froquontly manufactured
In general machine shops."
It would bo Interesting If the Consus
Bureau would add to this statement
statistics showing what effect tho
automobile Industry has had on tho
production of other vehicles. Many
currlago and wagon manufacturing
establishments have gono Into auto?
mobile construction, partly or wholly.
There Is a very anclont bollcf that a
polar bear Is very much soothed by
singing. An amatour singer of many
years of "training" wished to tost the
truth of this belief and so the other
day sho sang to tho polar boar in Cen?
tral Park, New York. Bruin was not
soothed?instead, "all through tho
singing l*a sent up a howl ot anguish."
In tho same circumstances, that is
what most of us would hovo done wero
It not for tho thin veneer of civiliza?
tion wo wear.
There Is said to bo a growing de?
mand for "snaps" at tho clubs and bet?
ter restaurants In tho city.
Atlanta Is having an annual tasto of
grand opera, but a delegation of Rlch
mondors will bo there to prompt the
Atlantans and lot them know when to
applaud.
Voice of the People
Our Next President.
To tho Editor of Tho Times-Dlspntoli:
Sir,?As the presidential campaign
for 1912 is opening up. wo look with
tho deepest Interest at the develop?
ments, already coming to light. Tho
party leaders aro milking history that
will havo Its weight In tho next con?
vention to be hclil fourteen months
hence. Wo will vonture In the face
of these facts, to make some predic?
tions that wc aro strongly Inclined to
believe will make permanent history.
Tile most Important occurrences In a
presidential campaign have passed into
history before tho convention. If you
doubt tili? study the past history* of
these conventions. If you kept In
touch with tho events, of the last presi?
dential election you then saw Ilia an?
nouncement ot Taft's nomination (ho
day before Hie convention. A few
weeks later Win. .1. Bryan was the
known favorite of tho Democratic par?
ty, if this be true that the conventions
do not decide these things, who does?
Now suppose wo move our date up
fourteen months.
Wc pick up a daily tho evening be?
fore the convention and we find the
announcement of Wm. 11. Taft us tho
party's choice. But there will bo some
uncertainty as, to his running mate.
A few woelts later wo will also read
l.hn announcement that .ludson Har?
mon will probably be nomlnntod on
the first ballot In tho convention to?
morrow, which w<is known months
ago.
This Is no fantastic dream, but pre?
viously determined plaits concocted and
so systematically organized as to carry
through the convention. Of course.
Wo recognize the fact that the dele?
gates carry the convention. Rut these
party leaders have left no stono un?
turned to know the position of every
delegate to attend, and their arrange?
ments have all been made to meet and
overcome the opposition.
There are four things that control
those Conventions?money, patronage,
business Influence and public sentiment.
The llrst two are secondary, but tho
lust two are the controlling factors
In the convention. Those two at onto
become antagonistic. The demands "t
one become a dangerous signal to tho
ot tier.
Swords (dash at once and Hie battle
is on. "Public sentiment" Is opposed
lo "special privileges." The one ad?
vocates more stringent laws, while tho
other party silently opposes them; ono
urges you on, while the other says,
"Stand still"; one discredits "popular
opinion," the other declares. "Tho voice
of the people is the voice of Ood." (niu
of those elements will control the con?
vention.
Parker's nomination was a foregone
conclusion long before the conven- !
Hon. A set of New York financiers,
were bucking him, though a stranger
j lo his party in the South. It was not
the cry of "popular sentiment" that
brought him to the front. Had theso
parlies been In harmony with the pol?
icy of tlielr opponent, matters might
havo tormlnalcd differently. "Public
sentiment" swayed the Republican con?
vention, and they won out.
The llrst McKinley convention was a
"business" cry anil a march lo "pros?
perity.'' while Wm. .). Bryan represent
Cd the people.
Roosevelt's second term was strongly
"public sentiment." but his nomination
was assured by his resorting to his fa?
mous challenge, "Whoever Is not for
me is against me." This brought Han
r.a to the foot of his shrine, and ho
went through. It is said that Roose?
velt was llic force back of Taft's nom?
ination. In a sense tills, was trtie, as
Roosevelt was voicing the sentiment of
the people; consequently, the power
thai controlled the convention was
"public sentiment."
Roosevelt had attracted tho at ?"-?t ion
t.f Ihe public eye and gained tlielf
confidence, so they were willing to fol?
low his advlco. This alone made Taft
a possible candidate. II was not tho
"specially favored" or the political ma?
chinery, for they were Taft's oppo-1
nents.
To-day the sentiments of the pres?
idential Incumbent have changed, and
the Kastern Horizon of the Republican
sky exhibits a different coloring. Whero
do wc llnd the "spocinlly favored" to?
day? They are in line with Mr. Taft.
They will endeavor to follow a "public
sentiment" President by one of "special
privilege." Mr. Taft has broken faith
with "public sentiment" and has lined
up with tho "specially favored."
This and this alone has caused tho
clamor for a second term. Wo tlnd
l-'ornker, Fairbanks, Knox, Crane. Pen
lose, Cannon and others boosting Taft.
Tho battle at the next convention will
bo between "special privilege" ana
"public sentiment." We find Roosevelt,
Da Follelte, Revorldge, Plnchol and
others In favor with "public senti?
ment." They are progressive and aro
no way in sympathy with the "stand
pat" class.
Taft, swerving from his position, lias,
incurred the disapproval of tho public:
consequently, if there could bo some
direct means of getting at the mutter,
he would not get the nomination.
"Public, sentiment" dominates a few of
bur States, but they are vastly In the
minority. Nevertheless, they will uso
their intliience in Ihe convention, but
Taft, will win out with Hie. majority.
Now. this defeated minority will
drift out from that convention to seek
more companionable associates else?
where. Del us see If they can llnd
a congenial atmosphere In the Demo?
cratic party. Who arc its lenders?
Tagg?rt, Sullivan, Smith, Murphy and
others. These men, with their present
views, could not got the attention of
those bolters, for they are advocates of
the same views that drove them from
the Republican convention.
Woodrow Wilson was exceedingly
popular during his gubernatorial cam?
paign, but his position to-day is not
so much In harmony with the party
loader*, consequently his prospects for
the nomination arc sadly waning. Th?
"special privilege" lenders have con?
cluded that .ludson Harmon Is tho only
available candidate in tho Hold.
So wo soc that the Issues confront-1
lug the next conventions will be "spe?
cial privilege" against "public senti?
ment." Tills, is no longer a battle of
party dissensions, but a battle of sen?
timents. Tho tight may become so
strenuous they may bo forced to intro?
duce a "dark horse." We will wait and
sen how much of our prediction falls
true In 1912. J. O- D. ?
Fincastlo. I
-?-,-K
Daily Queries and Answers \
Lord Mayor of London.
What is tho term of tho ofTtco of tho
Lord Mayor of London7 X. V. Z.
The Lord Mayor of London is elected
on September 29 for a period of one
year by the liverymen of tho several
companies assembled together at Guild?
hall. To be eligible ho must linvo
served ob Sheriff of London. The
liverymen may select any nldormun
Qualified, but they almosl Invariably
accept tho nomos of tho two senior
aldermen who have not passed tho
civic chair. A liveryman Is a freeman,
*>'ho, by tho payment of tl fee, has en
terod ono of the ancient city companies
or guilds, and was flrat so-called bo
cnuso ho was entitled to wear the
livery of tho company.
Wheat IlnrvcMItig.
Will you Kindly answer the follow?
ing? About what time does the wheat
harvest begin In Illinois, Minnesota,
Town, Nebraska, South Dakota. North
Dakota, Manitoba and' Saskatchewan?
B. B. N.
It depends much on temperature con?
ditions. If July Is warm, and wheat
Is allowed to devolop naturally. In 111
nois. Iowa and Nebraska harvesting Is
begun late In July, and In Minnesota.
South and North Dakota It Is harvested
In August, and In Manitoba and Sas?
katchewan the latter part of August
and early In September.
American Imllnns.
Can you tell mo whether the Govern?
ment F.thnology Department gets out
n book on the American Indians?
Please give mo a list of the best books
on the Indian*. G.
For government publications on trio
Indians write to the Bureau of Amer?
ican Ethnology; Adams Bullding, 133:t
F Street. Washington, D. C.
One of the most complete hooks on
the Indian Is the "George (Jatlln Indian
Gallery In the ITnltod States National
Museum, with Memoir and Statistics,"
by Thomas Donaldson, printed by the
Government Printing Office In 1RK7. For
recent books apply to your newsdealer.
Antonio Aspelo.
Will you kindly let me know If you
have any information as to who Aspejo
was, his history, and when and where
ho was born? I can lind no reference
to him In my encyclopedia, W.
Yon probably refer.to Antonio Ks
pe|o. n Spanish explorer, whose fume
rests upon a notable expedition which
he conducted Into New Mexico- and
Arizona In ISR2 and ir.srt. lie was
horn in Cordova, lie became a wealthy
Mexican mining proprietor tind led it
searching expedition Into New Mexico
to find several Franciscans who had
gone to Hint country for missionary
work, but were supposed to have been
killed by Indians. The expedition
headed by Kspojo consisted of fourteen
soldiers, a number et Christian Indians
and a cavalcade of horses and mules.
The expedition started from San Borto
lomo. Chihuahua, on November 10, 1683.
He returned to Mexico In September.
1683, having accomplished without
bloodshed and with a handful of men
as great results us had been obtained
by his predecessor, Coronndo, with u
whole army, and at tho cost of an ex?
terminating wurfarn upon the IndlaiiB.
He soon afterwards submitted a re?
port with a map of tho regions ex?
plored, but his later proposition to
organize a colonizing expedition was
defeated by tho jealousy of tho Viceroy.
lucrensed Mllltnry nutl .Vnvnl .Strength.
, Ulvo some reasons why the armor of
I the United States should bo Increaaod
I In time of peace. T.
I "In time of praco prepare for war" Is
Just as true to-day as when written
by Horace mnny centuries ago.
On account of outgrowing and cx
. pension we ncd n growing navy and
army to be prepared for emergencies.
It Is necessary for us to keep up
I with 'other nations of our class In this
respect.
The groat sea coast we have to pro?
tect.
An Increased navy would Insure
pence.
Any argument bused upon the Im?
probability of war Is unsound. GacoiiK
history proves Hint International trou?
ble, resulting in war, may come al
l most without, warning;
I The United Slates cannot be sure of
maintaining her position ns a world
power and cannot be sure of freedom
from molestation unless she keeps pace
I with the other great nations.
Ciifinl !?'* posit Inn.
How much land will the r.ma ma
Pa cl do Canal Rxposition cover? .1.
Thai will not bo known until a site
has boon selertoil und Hie plans for
the hulldlngS and ?round? adopted.
Altitude Iteconl.
Did Archie Ur.x-ey. the aviator,
make an olllclal altitude record last
year? AVIATOR.
The official reeor.l of those credited
with "altitude records" from Septem?
ber s. 190v. io November 3d. 1910, does
not contain tho name of Archie Hox
Tnninlpnls.
What Is the meaning of "Tnmalpnls?"
1 R. P. W.
Country of the Tomftls. Tamul was
the name of a tribe of Indians Who
Inhabited what Is now Murin county,
California, when tho white man came.
?lenny l.lnil.
Did Jenny l.lnd ever sing west of
Hie R&ciiy Mountains?
AMKIHCIJS.
No.
EIGHTY YEARS OLD
BUT PLAYS WITH TOYS
hv la maikiuisb he foxtenov.
lord mount 10 d g k u v m h b,
whose son and heir, Lord Vnl
Ictiirt, la about to marry JjicJ>
Edith Vllliors, only iliuignlcr of
inu Earl or Clarendon, Is a peer, who in
Splto of his near elgnly years or age
sill! delights In playing with toy
bricks. This does not mean that ho
has lapsed Imo his second childhood.
On the contrary, he Is wonderfully well
preserved and vigorous, both physical?
ly and mentally, was married for a
second time at seventy-three, and left
again a widower, two years ago, while,
his business abilities aro so unim?
paired tb.u King George has Intrusted
to him a vory large share in the admin?
istration of his eldest son's duchy of
Cornwall, of which he Is the Privy
?Seal. Lord Mount Edgocunibo devel?
oped this laste for plnylng with tov
bricks during n prolonged Illness soiim
twenty years ago, and found so milch
entertainment Hierein, that he has re?
mained addicted to toe hobby ever
since, llo now uses these toy bricks
to give expression to nil sorts of archi?
tectural designs of his: for he Is not
only a most gifted painter and land?
scape artist, but also a clever amateur
architect, and as Iheso miniature cas?
tles, palaces, cathedrals, etc., that Im
constructs with toy bricks are perfect
in every detail, equipped with electric
lighting arrangements, with stained
glass windows, etc., some of them aro
real works of art.
The enii, who figures In Lord Roa
constleld's well-known novel, "Loihalr."
in a particularly attractive light, was
In his youth specially selected by ihn
Prince Consort to bo the principal com?
panion of King Edward, when the lat?
ter, as Prince of Wales, was pursuing
Iiis studies at the While Lodge, In
Richmond Park, and elsewhere. The
Prince Consort selected the earl by
reason of his perfect breeding, lofty
principles and extensive culture; and
Lord Mount Kdgecumbe, who thus be?
came the closest friend of King Ed
wnrd's youth, undoubtedly exercised
nn impnrtnnt influence in shaping the
character of the prince who was even?
tually to become his sovereign. Of
Queen Victoria, the enrl was naturally
:i great favorite, and he. served her in
turn as aide-de-camp, as Kord Cham?
berlain and as Lord High Steward.
Lord Mount Kdgecumhe's principal
home Is Mount Kdgecumbe, familiar to
every American who has louehod lit
Plymouth on his way to Southampton,
to Cherbourg or to one of the German
ports. It constitutes a peninsula. Jut?
ting out into Plymouth Sound, com?
manding on the north side a mngulli
oonl view of ' Plymouth, Devonpnrl.
Drake's Island and the woods and
hills beyond, while, on the other side
il looks out over steep cliffs to the.
sea. all doited with ships. Perched on
these cliffs is the mansion, a huge
castellated affair, rioting from the time
of Queen Mary, full of nrl treasures
itiid souvenirs of royal visits in modern
und ancient times, while the chief
glorv of the place is Its gardens, Hl reo
in number, known as the French; Kng
Hsh and Jtalinn gardens. The English
garden rejoices in noblo trees, the Ital?
ian in fine terraces and the French
in magnificent fountains. It Is indeed
a magnificent place, and is said to be
In the part of England which the Duke
of Medina Sldonla marked out as his
reward In the event of Ihn success
of the Spanish Armada, over :!00 years
ago.
Mount Edgecumhn Castle was built
by Sir Richard Kdgecumbe. sheriff of
Devonshire in 'ho reign of King Henry
VIII. and of Queen Mary, and ho was
already In those days accounted as of
very ancient descent In Devonshire,
his grandfather and namesake, Sir
Richard Edgecunibo, having been one
of the principal factors In bringing
about the overthrow of Richard Tlf., In
securing the victory at the battle of
Rosworfh, and In placing upon the
throne King Henry VIT., who loaded
him with honors and Intrusted to him
Hie. chieftainship of his royal house?
hold.
The rooms at Mount Edgecumhe
hnve" remained almost exactly In the
snme state fin In the days of Hie Tu?
dor sovereigns. They are still hung
with suncrb Old la uns tries, located a.
foot or so from tho walls; highly sug?
gestive of the ease with which a spy
or an assassin could "hide behind ihd
arras." Tin- Interior of the great hull
Is particularly Impressive, with Its
lofty open-timber roof, its rugged
walls, it., undent tapestries and its
generally antique character. Upon thu
walls hang many trophies of thu chase,
especially horns and antlers of tho
now extinct Irish elk, brought from
Ireland |>y Sir Richard Krigeciiihbo,
who was sent thither by Queen Klir.l
betb as her envoy lo the rebel Irish
leaders. One room, occupied by Charles
I,1, Is said to have remained exactly as
he left it. Another Is culled Queen
Anne's room. She was a frequent vis?
itor there, and was the first sovereign
to bestow a peerage on Ihe Kdgo
cumbc family, In the person of Richard
Edgcoiimhc. who was chancellor of
her duchy of Lancaster.
The third Lord Mount Rdgeeumhc re?
ceived an earldom from tleorgc III.,
by way of compensation for the de?
struction of some superb woods on his
estates during repairs lo a fort at Ply?
mouth) in 17SS. Ho was married lo tho
only daughter and heiress of Ur. .lohn
Gilbert. Archbishop <>f York, a lady
who, despite this parentage, was so
devoted to faro, the card game of tho
period, that she was on one occasion
denounced from the bench by Lord
Chief Justice Ken yon as "Pharaoh's
daughter." tiers was an extraordinary
fate. In which some saw a judgment
for her gambling propensities. Kor
when dead, or thought to be dead, sho
was entombed In the old chapel ot
Mount Kdgecuinbe Castle. One of thu
servants, who was aware that she hud
been laid to her last rest wearing her
favorite rings?they were tnngnltlceht
jewels ? made a descent Into the tomb
in the middle of the night following
tho funeral, pried open the coflln and
endeavored to remove the rings from
the lingers. Finding ibis Impossible,
he proceeded to cut off tho lingers, nc
| cording to some the hands, ot tho
countess, which served lo arouse her
from the cataleptic and deathlike
trance in which she had lain until then.
At once sho rose In her cofllii. the
blood dripping on her while, shroud.
The man lied, with a shriek, and, mad
with terror, felt down the cliff on to
the rocks below, to destruction. Lady
Mount Kdgcrumbo. wonderful lo relate,
recovered and survived her premature!
funeral for il number of years. Rut
she was never able to touch a card
again, owing to the mutilation to
which her hands had been subjected by
the ghoullshly dishonest servant, whose
ghost Is said lo haunt the grounds of
Mount ICdgccumbo.
Among the reatures of ihe coronation
In Lon/lon next .Inno will ho the extra?
ordinary display of Jewels by the. In
dlnn vassal rulers and princes, and
many of then), abandoning the char?
acteristic, and artistic settings of the
Orient, ate having their gems reset ac?
cording foVKuroponn Ideas, and In somo
instances trie stones rccut by tho groat
jewelers of London. Paris, Amsterdam
lind Antwerp. One London firm of jew?
elers, Indeed, is nt present engaged In
tho resetting and remodeling of gems
amounting in value to over $5,000.000,
for one of tho Indian princes) This re?
setting and rebutting will have the
effect of rendering the gems infin?
itely more brilliant .and from ,n spec-'
tacular view, more effective, although
the lovers of Oriental art will deploro
the change.
(Copyright, 1011, by the Brcnlwood
Company.)
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