The times dispatch. [volume], August 07, 1911, Page 4, Image 4

About The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914

Image provided by: Library of Virginia; Richmond, VA

                
DAI L. Y? ?V SKKLY?SOTfUAI.
Uusluen O.'Uce.US K. Slain Strati
6outh Richmond.1020 Hull Street
pelerebuig/ Bureau....10? N. Sycamore Stteel
(orncbb?ra; Bureau.Jii ?lf bin Street
BY wail One ?1? Tbrae Oat
rosTAUS paid Tear. Mos. Mos. Mo
Dally with Sunday.$?.?> |S,tu ILM .U
Daily without Sunday. ?.00 ?.vo l.W .54
Sunday edition only.100 1.00 .40 ? ?
Weekly t vvtio.tjjj >. l.oo J* J? ?
By Times-DL't-.itch Carrier Dellrery Ser?
vice Id Klchmond tacd suburbs) and Patera
Surf-.
One Week
Dally with Sunday.14 cen I
Dally without Surjday.10 cents.
Sunday ooly. ft ceuxts
Entered January !7. IKS. at Richmond. V?..
a* eeeond-clafs matter under act of Coo
I'ess of Morch J. 1*74.
MONDAY. AUGUST
KEGHOES AMI TUP. CITY A1DITO
Itlt M.
Rank absurdity is tho fabric out of
which was woven the contention that
the colored people of Richmond may i
not use the City Auditorium for their j
legitimate purposes. No sane Imupl-j
nation could he stretched far enough
to admit the view that the Vonder
lehr ordinance as to race segregation
prohibits the use of this municipal
building by the colored citizens of this
city. To say that tax-payers, because
they are colored, cannot have ths use
of a public building which was erected I
and is maintained out of funds of j
which thev paid their part is a rld'cu- |
lously absurd position.
Acting City Attorney Anderson de?
clares that he never authorized the ;
statement that the Vonderlehr ordln-|
ance forbids the use of the City Audi-!
torlum by the colored people of Rich- !
mond. The Council Committee op
Grounds and Buildings, which tacitly
took the position that colored citizens
might r.<m use the Auditorium, was
Crossly ignorant of the law governing
one of'the chief objects of the commit?
tee's own care The ordinance In ques-j
tlr>n prohibits a colored person from
using as a residence or establishing!
and maintaining as a place of public
assembly a house upon any street or!
alby between two adjacent streets on
w hich a greater number of houses are I
occupied as residences by white people
than are occupied as residences by
colored people. But the colored peti?
tioner for the use of the City Audi?
torium on Augu.-t IS seeks neither, to j
establish nor maintain a place of as-1
serr.hly. The city established IMS
building and maintains It. The ordl- j
r.ance does not prevent the occasional
use of a building, wherever situated,
by colored people; in fact, the ordl- |
nar.ce has nothing at all to do with ]
the City Auditorium or any other
putuic building.
The whole trouble is that the Coun?
cil Committee on Grounds and Build?
ings has always handled the rental of
the Auditorium loosely and disorim'
natingly. There has been a good deal
of juggling with this building. No
fixed schedule of prices for its use has
been insisted upon, and some have ' ,
secured the use of this city building : |
for less than others. The committee j]
has assumed large discretionary ?
powers, which it does not possess, with , ,
the result that the Auditorium has i j
been managf-ti very much as a private j
affair rsther than as a public insti?
tution.
There can he no justification tnr a
refusal of the use of thiF hall for the
purpose named by Maggie L. Walker
for the evening of A'tgust 15. The lec?
ture then proposed to be given per?
tains to the moral and financial better?
ment of '\he colored race, an object
which is commended by all Intelliuji'nt
people.
The r-nuncil Committee on Grounds
and Buildings oucnt uever to have
eh?fried this problem off on Bull ling
Inspector Beck, who appears to have
acted under a complete mistinderstjtid?
ing of the law In the rase. As the
next scheduled meeting of this com?
mittee will take place after August
16. the dat. desired by the colored I
upplicantF, it is only fair and right
that the committee should meet Im?
mediately and pass finally upon th9
question. Chairman Batklns ought to
tall a special meeting of this com?
mittee at once to art upon the matter.
If he falls to do it. then three men,.
T.ers of trie committee should act up?
on their r>wn initiative and call ir
luemselves if the committee Is going
to deny this hall to the colored people.
It ought to meet and formulate a rea?
sonable excuse, if. Indeed, one can be
found. To |e?. things stand as thev
are is unjust, to allow a mistaken idea
of the law to operate as a valid Justi?
fication for ? groundless discrimina?
tion is inexcusable. That the com?
mittee will deny the use of tho hall to
these colored people is unimaginable,
HOW TJIB BARTH WA?. MAHR,
Professor Moulton, Associate Profes- j
sor of Astronomy at the University ol
Chicago, says that the earth was bom
In a solar storm. Probably so but
there ir no way to prove it. H may be
true, as the Professor -ays,?indeed,
we think that it stands to reason, ai -
guing from tho known conditions on
this planet of curs?that "storms, to
terrific that the human mind Is unable
to comprehend their forco. are common
on the sun." it may also be true, as
the Professor any.-, tha: matter Is
sometimes thrown out Ji.'- "0? miles,
although he can't prove it by us. it
may bo, true, further?that is to Ray.
we cannot deny it?af thi Professor
sttys: "The attraction of trie sun usu?
ally draws this nebula back; hut when
the world was formed, anbthei ?tin
with H counter pull of gravity, drew
the new material out Into apace. This
mas'.) solidified and formed the earth."
That was really remarkable, if it
were done exactly in thftt way. and-we
J shall not deny It: but there Is
, nno'her story about It thst Is not
j log? wonderful and that Is at least
. s-< 'ikely as the story told by the Pro
j lessor at Chicago. It Is contained In A
remarkable book und reads: "In
I the beginning God created the heaven
j and the earth. And the earth was
j without form, and void. And God said:
! Let there be light, and there was light.
And God said: Let there be a firma?
ment And God made the firmament.
And God called the firmament Heaven.
And God said: Let the dry land ap-j
pear; and it was so. And God called
the dry land Earth. And God Bald:
Let there be lights in the firmament of
the heaven to divide the day from the;
night. And God made two great lights.;
the greater light to rule the day, and i
the lesser light to rule the night: He!
made the stars also."
That is a wonderful story. There Is
not a word about the terrific storms
that are common In the sun. or about
It throwing out nyttor for the distance
<->f 2~:> non miles, or about how another,
sun somewhere, with a counter pull of
gravity, drew the nebula back and out
of it formed the earth. Not a worp".
It is enough that God "spake, and it
was done: He commanded, and it stood
fast." There is something really sub?
lime, something divine, in that account
Of the making of the earth. We like'
It so much better than the account
given by 'he Chicago Professor.
CHEAPER OH,J
Plans for the reorganization of the
Standard Oil Company, of New Jersey,!
with "- capitalization of $100,000,0001
held bv approximately fi.ooo stock- t
holders look to the division of the j
corporation into thirty-three comp?- :
niey In thnory. the companies should
operate in competition on the restored
economic basis The approval of the
Vnltod States Circuit Court must be
had before the plan can be put into;
operation, and in form, it least, the
change must be In good faith.
Public interest In the dissolution |
Is represented by the question. "Shall'
1 he able to buy oil and oil products j
cheaper?" Nobody can answer that:
now. Theoretically, the restoration of
competition should reduce prices, hut!
It will cost more to run thirty-three
Independent companies than it would
to manage one corporation. The prac?
tical question Is, then, will the actual
competition more than offt-et this In?
crease in administrative cost?
Will oil be cheaper? Who can say
now?
SINGLE TAN AT SEATTLE)
A report from Seattle says that the
single tax movement there has pro
pressed to such an extent that iive
counctlmen are pledged to the plan.
A revision of the charter of the city
to permit steps in the direction of the
single tax is planned.
The sing!'- tax means lust what the
term implies: that taxes are levied on
but a single source of revenue. The
source proposed is land values The
single tax supporters believe that the
value of land is due to the benefits of
rflvernrr.ent. that, in fact, nil the bene?
fits of government are absorbed by the
land in higher prices This value,
which, by their theory, the community
creates, they consider the just and
logical source of the revenues for the
support of the government.
It is not .1 theory, however, that
makes the slngie tax a live Issue in
Seattle It Is 'a condition. For five
years past the city of Vancouver, a 1
Canadian rival of Seattle, has been
reducing the tax on other property |
than land. Recently these other taxes 1
have been wholly removed, so far as '
city taxes are affected, and the lanl
hears it all. Since then the Vancouver
bor.-m has been a marvel of the Pacific
Northwest Factories, homes and oth?
er improvements have Increased, with
a ecrresponding growth in popula?
tion. Apparently freedom? from taxa?
tion has attracted industries to Van?
couver which would otherwise have
gone to Seattle. Portland and other
COSst cities At any rate'this Is wh'it
many people in these cities believe,
hence the movement to checkmate
Vancouver by adopting Its system of
taxation.
The idea is likely to take hold In
other cities because in Vancouver, des?
pite the extra tax on land, land values
have risen enormously. The new In- !
dustries and population gained have
ridded more than the extra taxes have
subtracted The experiment In Van?
couver has been most profitable.
GOOD IS <.<><>;>. \M? HAD IS HAD.
Labor unions and class conscious?
ness is the Contributing Editor's theme
In the current number of The Output.
No man is fit 'o live in a Democratic
community.'' sayp the wise man. "Who j
doe?| not make II a matter of personal j
; pride to do his particular )oh in ihe
host possible fishlon. whether his Job
I be. that of a brakemari*. a banker, a
; fanner, a blacksmith, nn artist, a scl
entlst or a writer."
I To be sure; and why not.' But why
j spring a propo.-itlon like that on an
I unsuspecting public at the. very time
when the world Is generally at pea<e?!
lit reads exactly like Rome far-off, half-1
! fin got ten. spoken words that have gone
sounding nown the grooves of Time,
therewith it was the Contributing Ldi
lor't former hi bit of Hushing this
' weary land. It is of a feather with
tho^e other Immortal utterances: "I
? am for the poor man when he is rich.
foi the honest man when he is honest,
j for the crooked man when he is
Latralckt. and 1 will make the .orpora
Hons come'to time." Haee ollm rrieni
1 inlsse Juvnbit. o mamma:
IHlt BU.LION-nOLLAn HEN.
The merk, humble little American
. V.i-n? brown, ied, black, white, gray
I and buff?must now, ? mmefelally
Speaking; be entnroned as queen of
all the feathered tribe By patient In
dustry she has Increased the annual
value of the poultry products of the
United States to the groat total of
a Milton dollars.
Eleven years ago the Secretary of
Agriculture astonished the nation by
declaring that the annual -value of
poultry and eggs was >2SO.600.OOO.
Five years afterward the total ran
up to half a billion dollars, mqking
the hen an active competitor for pre?
cedence with the wheat crop. Three
years later the figure was $700.
000.000. The ratio of Increase haa
been kept up. and now the billion
dollar mark has been reached.
Poultry and eggs, therefore, - now
exceed the wheat crop In value by al?
most a third. According to the latest
crop reports, winter and spring wheat
will yield a total of 7O2.SS0.SO0 bush?
els, so that, even with a dollar the
bushel price, this cereal IS not In the j
same class as a money maker with !
the great American hen. Cotton will!
fall short of a billion-dollar crop. The
hen has now no competitor but corn,
with a crop worth in round numbers
$2,000,g00,000. We may depend upon
It. the hen will get ahead of corn yet.
HYSTERIA,
.lust now the Georgia Legislature Is j
considering a bill providing for a bet?
ter municipal government for the city
of Atlanta. Wc are told by The Con?
stitution that "conservative public sen-1
tlmenl has approved Its attitude,
whereat we are much pleased. The
Constitution says rurther:
"Already there is a marked lessening)
of hysteria, and the people are waiting
to hear from their representatives, re-I
slicing that the Important work In
hand cannot be done in a day and that j
the public estimate of their conduct Is I
to he gauged by what they DO, and not
upon hypothetical criticism.
???all's WELL Til vt FADS WEM..'
and that will be the outcome of the
.-harter discussion, if REASON Instead
Ol HYSTERIA is given a fair showing."
Unquestionably. if "reason m
Stead of hysteria" were always
given a fair showing, and the people of
Atlanta would eschew hypothetical
criticism, the Legislature WOULDi
come mighty near doing the hight
t ii i \ ft by Atlanta.
tllRD HAY'.
This week Georgia t.? enacting s law I
that a "bird day" shall be observed
in the public schools
This is not to he a hol'day, but a
day set apart for Instruction in bird j
life and uses, so that the young may |
be educated 'In this direction to. such
an extent that the birds of the State)
may get the protection they deserve.
Not only will srhool pupils be In- j
structed as to bird manners and hah
Its, hut they will he especially im- '
pressed as to the usefulness of the j
little creatures in keeping down in?
sect life and thus protecting trees,
fruit? and growing crops. Rarely do
children think of birds as useful save
for food. They look at them as things
of beauty or as the lawful prey for
slingshot and "bh" shot.
Along with other lessons, hoys who
are hunter.- or who may be hunters I
are taught the game laws on these
bird days, so that they may not igno
rantly kill game birds out of season
or song birds in any season.
The beneficent results of this In?
struction are obvious. There ought
to be a "bird day" in every State.
111? THINGS.
A correspondent In South Richmond
has asked us what the seven wonders
?>f th? world are. and we have an?
swered him. but we wonder how long
these seven wonders will hold their
own. Will they not in time be super?
seded by other wonders?
The big 1,000-foot ship and inO-story
skyscraper are about to materialize.
So far the jump from the sixty-five
str.ry Wool worth building In New
York to a 100-story structure is noth?
ing more than speculative, but what'
1s speculation now may soon he steel
and stone.
The SOfi-foot steamship of the Ham
burg-AmerVan Line, the Imperator,
which will be read-,- for use in the
spring of 1 f? 13. Is to be exceeded by
the dinar* Companys Aquitania,
now in process of construction at
Clydebank. She w'u accommodate
Lion passengers. ?
The Colossus of Rhodes would seem
a mere pigmy alongside of the sky
scraper of the future with its cloud
swept turrets.
It would seem that Missouri Is wrest?
ing the palm from Kentucky when If
comes to capacity for liquor. A MIs
EOlirlan, .lohn Howard by name, ac?
cording to Law Notes, lately tost'tlod.
on cross-examination: "I generally
drink abOul twenly-live or thirty whis?
keys r, day and forty or fifty beers.
The night of the shooting I had drunk
ten Or twelve whiskeys and fourteen
or fifteen bottles of'beer." Shucks!
That wouldn't he considered an appe?
tizer In Norfolk:
j "Jeffries Davis has ?one gone and
done It again p will be recalled rluu
he had t<> do considerable explaining
t.. the hlll-hlllles of Arkansas when :
he rode to the White House in one i
oi them laxicabs last winter. The other
day he was seen In one again, necom
' panled by Senator Bradley, of Ken?
tucky. Jeffries now explains this out,
rsgeous breach of popular trust i,y
saying that-Bradley w,ih paying for
t the ride and that It hurt his feet to
j ride in a street car. The Arkansans
i ought to Invoke the recall at once and
j get this dandified dude out of office,
If Brother Charles Hopkins Clark, or
I the Hartford Cournnt. win consult his
' unexpurgatod edition of the story about
; Delilah he will find that the lady finally
j got the better-of Samson.
Christian Science Inr a "glnf-s arm"
iand a "Charley horse." That in the
I remedy' which Pitcher Nagle, of the
[ Boston. National!), has found most ef
; fectlve. hTb throwing arm has been
I worrying; him for some time. A friend
j advised him to take "the treatment."
j Nagle laughed at first, and then agreed
j to give It a trial. In two days, he
I says, his arm got nil right and was as
i strong as ever. Now Nagle Is taking
j the "absent treatment" regularly as
a preventive. \
John D. ? .Rockefeller, our richest
I citizen, heard a sermon last Sunday
I on the burdens of wealth. "It was a
fine sermon, and |nil true." he com?
mented, "The mere possession of
wealth does not make happiness. The
, crowns of kings are very heavy, and ,
i the crowns of wealth are very bur- j
! densome. In fact, the burden of I
I wealth is so heavy that it often takes j
? about all of the satisfaction of life."
! There are times when we feel like
obeying the Scriptural injunction, and
that we would like to help this aged
man hear his burdens.
Ilverybody who knows the man will
be glad to learn that Senator J. Ran?
dolph Tucker, of Bedford, is to return
to the 'Sonate. He has no opposition,
and his seat is assured him. Of fine
courtesy and temper, an able lawyer
and political economist. Judge Tucker
rarely poes into debate, bMt when he
does participate, the strength and
penetration of his blade are keenly
felt. Nor is he one of those legislators
who feel called upon to Introduce as
many hills as possible, regardless of
their merits or chances of passage.
Bedford and Rockbrldge have made no
mistake in their choice.
Togo Is a mar. of war. but believes
with all his heart In the arts of peace,
it was through his Influence that Japan
has declared for arbitration In the set?
tlement of differences between his
country and ours.
Voice of the People
Defends .lohn It. Floyd.
To the Editor of The Times-Dispatch:
Sir,?In Harper's Weekly of April S, '
1911. appeared an article entitled "The
Anniversary .of Sumter." which repeats {
the long exploded charges that Oov
emor Floyd, while a member of Buch
anan'c Cabinet, scattered the army of'
the Fnlied States, and also distributed
arms to the Southern State? In antlcl
batt?n of secession
On April 10. mit. I sent that Jour- i
nal a communication refuting the j
charges. On April IS. 1011. the author;
of the article replied in an elaborate j
effort to show, not that his specific 1
statements were correct, but that i
many historians entertained an un- j
fa vorable' opinion of Governor Floy!.!
On May l. mil. I replied, sh?wing that I
the very authorities to which he re-J
ferr'-d. so far as I had heen able to \
examine them, did not sustain him In i
the specific charges made by him: and
I asked him the pointblank question '
whether they intended to publish my
communication. In a letter da.fod Mat
5. 1011. hut postmarked May 11. the :
author acknowledged receipt of my
letter, and said: "Could you not put i
ti?e substance of your letter In about I
TOO or SOn words? We will be glad j
to print it. although it Is a bit late."
1 repiled on May in. mil. calling at- I
tention to the fact that my communl- j
cation was sent them only two days j
after their article appeared, and send?
ing It ara'.n abridged as much as pos- I
sible. Hearing nothing from them. I '
wrote a^aln on June 19. 1911. Inquiring
whether they Intended to publish It. '
To that letter I am still without reply.
These facts convince me that they
have been trifling with me all along,
and have not sufficient regard for his?
torical truth to permit any corrections
-of their misstatejnents.
I'nder these circumstances, I Inclose
you the communication, and request
Its publication.
HORT. M, hughes.
Norfolk.
Norfolk. Vs.. April 10. mil. i
To the Edinr of Harper's Weekly: I
- Your issue of April R. mil, contains
an arti'-le entitled. "The Anniversary i
of Sumter." In it the author revamps
the old charges against Governor
Floyd, Secretary of War in Buchanan's!
Cabinet, as follows:
, "Chief counselor to the President,
and really at the front of military af?
fairs as Minister of War. was a subtle !
schemer who foresaw what was to |
come, and was making plans accord- :
lngly. John P.. Floyd, taking advan
fage of the powers of his ofiVe and
the pro-Southern attitude of the ma?
jority of the Cabinet, had scattered
the little standing army of the United
States to far-off posts or positions'
where they would fall an easy prey
to organized attack. Throughout the
Southern armories he had distributed
vast quantities of aims and munitions
Of war?fre,-. gifts to the States that ,
were soon to rise."
A sufficient reply to this is that Oov- I
eriior Floyd, at the time of his resig?
nation from the Cabinet iDecernher'
29, lStMi. was a pronounced antl-se- I
cesslnnlst. He was a Virginian, and ]
It is notorious that Virginia was j
against secession, and that her eon- i
ventlon contained a large majority I
against. an1 did not vote for It until I
April 17. 1S61, in consequence of Ein-I
coin'.- call for troops.
The cha: ^e that Governor Floyd I
scattered the army Is easily answered.
Any orders to it. though Issued in the !
secretary's tin me. were really the act i
of the commanding general. Wlnfiehl '
Scott, who was a Unionist. He was
not the dotard that your writer repre- i
sents; for he was kept In oom'm.ind
by Lincoln, and planned the Strategy
Of the national armies until after Bull I
Run.
Besides, Governor Floyd resigned on!
December 29, lSfiO. and the attack on,
Sumter wn< not made till April 12,
1861, Was his successor. Judge Holt.!
also a "subtle schemer" during that1
period of three months for making
no nevw dispositions of Importance?
The fact is Jhat the changes of troops j
during Lloyd's incumbency were slight. :
and praotlcally such as were uecessl- 1
lated by the Utah War. On this suh- j
Jecl Adjutant-General E. D. Townsend i
made on December f.. IS75. the follow- j
ing memorandum:
"After the removal of the troops to
Kansas and t'tuh at the close of In-]
dim hostilities In Florida, in June. .
1858, there were left In the country
east of the Mississippi River sixteen'
companies of nrtlllerv. From that
lime (June, 1858.) till December 31,1
ISfiO, some changes of stations occur-I
red, by which the Department of the.-'
East gained three rorjjpanies (two of
artillery and one of engineers!, so
that at the end of ISflo there were
eighteen companies of artillery and
one of engineers serving east of the
Mississippi River. There were no
troops In the neighborhood of Wash?
ington during the whola of Secretary
Floyd's term of office (March I. is:.7.
t > O. e.-! T er nr., lSr.Oi. In the spring
and summer of lir.O the force in Utah
was rodu - i io three companies of
dragoons, three companies of artillery
and f.-.u- companies of infantry. The
remainder (thirteen companies of In
f an try and two of dragoons! were sent
to New Mexico, relieving one regiment
of Infantry already there, which there.
'?>"?-? proceeded to Texas'. No other
'?o-'imro were made dur
Inrr the period in question."
B'it I will lei your writer be an
? '???! by one of his own witnesses.
? ? Utornev-Oenoral Rinok, co
. Pennsylvanian with Buchanan, a mein?
er of his Cnhlnet, and certainly no
' friend of Governor Flovd In the. 1??
ter's differences with Buchanan. At
: pages 251-2 of his "Hssays and
Speeches" (Appleton. New York. 1SS5).
he says In an open letter to Henry
j Wilson, of Massachusetts: ?
i "You tell your readers that the Sec?
retary of War scattered tho army and
? sent guns and munitions to the seces?
sionists. Whatovor Mr. Floyd may
. have done In his lifetime. It Is well
established that he never did this."
On the charge of removing the arms,
; Attorney-General Black Is more spe?
cific. In another letter to Henry Wil?
son (page 266 of tho same work), ho
I says:
; "It was not to he expected that Gov?
ernor Floyd would escape your malo
I dictions. No public man ever pro?
voked such a storm of popular wrath
na ho did. The President, who had
trusted him. withdrew his confidence,
drove him from his counsels, and or- j
dered him to bo Indicted for malver- J
sation In otllce. His .volleugues left
him to his fate, and there was nobody J
In all this land to take his part. He j
had some qualities which commanded
respect of folks like you as long as he j
lived and moved among you. But ab?
sent, tlnfrlanded, defenseless, dead?
fallen In a lost -cause and hurled In 1
an obscure grave?ho was the very |
man of all others. In or out of tho
world, whom your magnanimity would i
prompt you to attack. Therefore, you j
take up the oxplbded charge of send- '
Ing guns and munitions to the South '
for the use of the secessionists In the |
war. ? ? ? |yP, us look at It.
"A committee was appointed by the ?
House of Beprcsentat Ives In January. I
lSfil, t > ascertain how the public arms!
distributed during the year 1S60 had j
been disposed of. Mr. Floyd was nol
present at the Investigation: he had j
not a friend on the committee: It was.
'organized to convict' him if it could.]
It reported the evidence, hut gave no
Judgment criminating him with the
offense you accuse him of. On the
contrary, the opinion was expressed
by the chairman that the charges wer?
founded In 'rumor, speculation rutd
misapprehension.' But you take up
the reported evidence and try to mako
out a case which the committee did not
make out. by carefully suppressing nil
the principal facts and misstating tho
ot hers.
"Your charge of fraudulently send?
ing arm? to the South cannot he true
of the heavy arms made at Pittshurg
for the forts in 1-oulslnna and Texas, 1
because they were not sent at all.
Floyd gave an order to skip them on '
the 10th of December. ISO", hut It was ,
revoked by the President before a gun j
was started. It is. of course, possible:
that1 Floyd. In making the order, acted
in bad faith: but tteere Is no proof of
that. On the contrary. Colonel May- I
nadler, an honest as well as a sharp
man. and a most vigilant officer, who |
knew all tile facts of the case and tin- j
derstood Floyd's attitude with regard
to secession and Union as well ns any?
body in the whole country, cheerfully j
set about the business of carrying out i
the order, though it was not in writ- I
Ing. and testified that he had no sus?
picion of any Improper object or mo- !
tlve In It. In fact and In truth. Floyd |
was not. In sentiment or In action, a
secessionist until after he saw that j
the breach between himself and the i
President, which originated In other
matters, was Irreparable. Up to the
time when he got notice that he must;
resign, he was steadily opposed to the j
Southern movement, anil the bitterest |
enemies he had were the leading men I
of that section. Colonel Maynadler I
says that "he was re -?? ! throughout ?
the country as a Ivocate of I
the Union and or sc ess Ion.'
and he adds, as ,i ,,n of this. '
that 'he- had re-. :.?hed overt
his own slgnatu: - ., Richmond I
paper a letter on this subject, which
gained him high credit In the North
for his boldness In rebuking the per?
nicious views of many In his own
State.' After he found the whole ad?
ministration against him. he wast
driven by stress of necessity into the!
ranks of the party which he had pre?
viously opposed
"The great and Important fact to j
which the resolution of the House di?
rected and confined the attention of
the committee, and which is m,ade per?
fectly clear by the evidence, you do |
not refer to at all. but keep it care- l
fully out of sight from beginning to
end of your statement. The question
was and Is, Whether the Secretary of
War under the Buchanan admlnlstra- :
tlon did at any time subsequent to the j
1st of January. 1S60, treacherously dis?
pose of guns and munitions for the
purpose of giving to the South the ad?
vantage in the war which the leaders j
In that section Intended to make-?
against the Federal government? This 1
was jhe 'rumor, speculation and mu- |
apprehension' to which the cha'irman
of the committee alluded; this la sub?
stantially what the partisan news?
papers and stump oratojs have assert?
ed and reasserted over and over again,
until thousands of persons in every
part of the country have been made to
believe it: this is what you meant by i
your first article, and what vo-j pert St
in and reaffirm by your last. Now. ex
im:ne the facts. There was a law al?
most coeval with the government for'
the distribution of arms among the I
different States, according to their I
representation In Congress, for the use
of their militia. Under this law the I
Ordnance Bureau, witnout anv special
order from the head of the' depart?
ment, gave to each State that abplled
for >t her proper quota of muskets
and rifles of the best pattern and make
provided for the regular army. Dur?
ing the year 1860 the number of mus?
kets so distributed was exactly M23,
of which the Southern States received
2.091. while the Northern States got
nearly three times that number, to
wit: 6,332 Pome long-range rifles of
the army .-allbre were distributed. The]
aggregate numHer amounted to 1.728,1
and they all wen{ to Northern States
except 758. about half enough for one ;
regiment; which was divided between
Virginia, Kentucky. Tennessee. North
Carolina. Mississippi and "Louisiana,
the other States of the South receiv?
ing none. * * ?
"fl'he fact that the Southern States
neglected to take their proper and
Just quota, which thev might have got
for the asking, s/.tisfied the commit?
tee, and no rtotibl fully convlnoed you.!
that there could have heon no fraud- I
ulenl combination In lS6n between j
them and tha War Department to rob
the government of Its arms for their
bonefit. That concluded the whole
ease, since II was impossible for a
sane man to believe that such a plot
could have been formed and act,?d
upon at a previous time, and yet had
no existence In the year immediately
preceding the war. Nevertheless, the
committee went bock, and It was
proved that In 1SS9. before, anv war
was apprehended?before the election
of Lincoln was dreamed of?before the
division of the Democracy, which made
his election possible with a million
majority against h'm?Floyd ordered
a transfer of 115.000 muskets from
Northern to Southern arsenals. ? ? ?
These arms were all worthless and
unserviceable. We had r.Oft.000 of
them: they cumbered the Northern ar?
senals, and could not he used: a law
had been passed to authorise the sale
Of them: they were offered for years at
J2.r>0 apiece, about ore-tenth the price
of a good gun. and thev could not he
g6l off. Twice a considerable number
were sold, hilt the purchasers, upon
further examination, refused to take
them. Of these 500,000 condemned
muskets, the Secretary of War. in
1859, ordered 115.000 to he sent to the
South, doubtless for mere convenience
of -Jtorag-'- To* 'weapon the rebellion'
With arms like these would have In
PUred Its destruction the instant its
forces came into the oresence of troops
having the im'Toved modern ifiin In
their hands Floyd could not have
done a greater InJUrv to the Southern
canre than this would have been. Nor
Is It possible lo believe that the South,
ern leaders woilld have conspired with
him to purloin these useless arms in
1R59 and then. In iSfcn decline to take
the share that' legally belonged to
them of the best, muskets and rifles
ever Invented. All these facts appear
In the evidence reported by the com?
mittee, from which you pretend to be
making fair and candid citations, and
von ?av not a word nhout them." {
' Your writer's attempt to draw an |
unfavorable Inference from Governor ,
Floyd's letter to Mninr Anderson nil
thorlzincr him to meke terms rather,
than attempt to hold two forts with ,
elghly-fonr men aeninst in attacking
force of 2.700 hnrdlv rAOUl-os notlr.s. I
Daily Queries and Answers
i K'nudonl at lAvlog:. i
WHat Is the standard of living,, and j
how does living, to-day compare with
j 100 years ago? INTERESTED.
I By the standard of living is usually
1 meant the level of physical comforts
1 generally considered to be needed by
certain classes: It has also been de?
fined as the extent to which the earn?
ing capacity of certain classes of peo?
ple will supply tholr physical needs.
As the result of numerous changes, the
standard of living has been generally
mounting during the past hundred
years for most all clauses of people, in
America. The gcnoral progress of |
trade and Invention, the more com- j
plete settlement of the country and the I
utilization of Its resources, the cheap- j
enlng of the cost of manufacture and
oxchangc. have been some of the chief!
factors responsible for the raising of j
the standard of living. I
H. N. Casson tolls us that the nvor
nge laborer. 100 years ago. had "fewer
comforts and less consideration than:
the horse or the dog hns to-day." That
the laborer "lived In a tiouse of un
palnted boards; he had Sinful on his
floor Instead of carpets, and his dishes
were made of pewter instead o'f ,-hlnn.
If he had fresh meat once a week ho
thought himself lucky; a good portion
of his wages was paid in the products!
of his employer, and he often saw lit- ]
tie coin, and had little to do with the
disposition of his actual earnings. In '
factories, women and children were
sometimes "thrashed with a cowhide
when caught Idle." |
Jefferson tells us that "the topic of j
conversation at a dinner partv given;
by John Adams was 'the enormous cost
of labor' President Adams (cclrircd
that he hired men ten years before for
f)50 a year und bonrd. while now he
was obliged to pay lie much us- $d50
per year.'" When the "nineteenth cen?
tury began wages In Now York were
?10 cents per day. the wages all over
the country nvcruglng $00 per year.
I'll im inn t'nnul.
How did the United States obtain
the right to build the f'anunia Canal,
and at what cost? What is the ex?
tent of the territory comprising tho
zone? R. C.
The Panama Canal Zone is leased by
the United States from the republic
of Panama. A treaty was made be?
tween the two countries November IK.
11)03, which provided for the mainten?
ance of the Independence of the re?
public of Pttnama by the United States,
antl the payment of JlO.OOfi.OOO by the
United States for the privileges ex?
tended, together with a payment of
ff2?0.non per year, during the life of the,
convention, beginning nine years after
the date of the treaty. Forty million
dollars was also paid to the Fronen
company for its privileges Tho United
States was accorded the use and en?
tire control ot a zone ten miles In
width, or "five miles on either side nf
the canal line, extending from thy
Caribbean Sea to I lie Pacific Ocean, tho
i lease to be in perpetuity. Rights wer?
also granted in the cities of Panama
] and Colon, whereby the construction
of the canal mlfhl he furthered. Tho
I canal will be ahojit fifty miles in
I length from deep water in the Carib?
bean Sea to deep water in Hie* Pacific.
I Ocean; it will have a minimum depth of
: forty-one feet and a minimum bottom
; width of 300 feet, widening to r.oo and
beyond in the channels a) the entrance
i The canal Is expected to be completed
1 in 1916.
TRULY ROYAL WOMAN
HAS MANY SORROWS
BY I..\ MAKQIISK DE FONTEXOY. i
QUEEN MAR1B, widow of ,
of the Bourbon Kings of Na?
ples, and heroine of the siege of
Ortet?, will attain a few weeks henre,
her seventieth birthday. Age and many
successive sorrows have laid a heavy
hand upon tills truly royal woman,
whose destiny has been in manv re?
spects so tragic. Her health is sadly
broken, and with this has come a fail
'ire of those mental powers which
were formerly almost masculine In
theirstrength and vigor. In fact, her
relatives are seriously considering
the advisability of taking st.-ps fo,
her transfer from Paris to her na?
tive Bavaria, or at anv rate her re.
moval from her present unfortunate
surroundings.
These latter are a source of the ut?
most concern not only to her kinsfolk
in Bavaria, and In Austria, but evtn
to the Frcn-h authorities, who regard
themselves as more or less responsible
for her safety, as long as she remains
In Paris. In circumstances so strait?
ened during the flrat fifteen or Iwenl ?
years following the loss of her throne
that ffhe was obliged to pawn her'own
jewels and h.-r husband's plate with
Attenborongh. the London pawnbrok?
er, she acquired after her husbands
death quite a considerable fortune
through the demise of her mother
Duchess Maximilian of Bavaria
through legacies from her sister. Hp'
impress of Austria, and the late Prln?
.ess Helen Thurn and Taxis, and above
all. through the action of the Italian
treasury, in finally consenting to pay
to her the annuity which the kingdom
of Naples had bound Itself by treatvf
with Bavaria at the time Of her mar?
riage to pay to her both as consort
of the King and subsequently as ..
widow. In fact, when the settlement
was ultimately made by the Italian!
treasury, at the instance of the Ger?
man Emperor and of the court of
Bavaria, both directly and through dip?
lomatic channels, she received all the
arrears of her annuity ever since tn?,
downfall of her husband's throne In
1S62. '
Some of this money she spent' In
building a handsome mnnslon In the.
Parisian suburb of Neullly, and which I
is known as the Palace of Naples Some
of it she devoted to the establlshmen
and maintenance of a shop In Paris,
where Neapolitan embrolde.rles and
fancy work of various descriptions are
sold at good prices, all the profit going
to the poor people producing the worx
at Naples and In whom the Queen has
for years been Interested. But the
larger pari of her income, and It ikj
to be feared a good deal of her cap!- I
tal.v Is being squandered by her en-I
tourage. which is of the most ques?
tionable character, and which seems to|
have her completely tinder its Infill-i
ence.
The leading members of the gang!
around her are an English woman of|
the name of Annie Gorman, and .1
French woman. Marie Car'adee, form-]
erly chambermaids, but who have now I
promoted themselves to ladles In wait-]
ing. The treasurer of the household Is
a former stableman of the name ot
Battlstelli. who. with his wife, has
recently been concerned in charges of
theft. There is also a woman of the
name of Julia Boccarde, who seems to
exercise an extraordinary Influence
over her royal mistress and whose ori?
gin Is of a# menial character, and r.n
abbe of unsavory repute, and In ex?
tremely bad odor with his ecclesiasti?
cal superiors In Paris and In Rome?
his name Is the Abbe Tedechl?com?
pletes the royal household, and by
them the Queen is exploited In the
most shameful manner.
Her entourage are not content with
converting her money to their own
purposes, with no other restriction
than that of their rivalries tor the
spoil. They even secure payment from
people, especially foreigners anil riew
rich, for admitting them to the Queen's
table, and in some cases even secur?
ing her presence at their entertain
mer.ts. Some Americans who have
been rtanied presentation at the courts
of St. James, of Berlin and of Vienna,
have In this way secui'ed invitations
to tho'Palace of Naples, at Neuilly.
and have obtained the presence of the
Queen at their own dinners, the Queen
being persuaded by her entourage that
she was thus interesting rich and gen?
erous people In her favorite charilles.
There Is a considerable amount of
delicacy In the question of'interven?
tion by her relatives. or by 'the
French authorities, to prevent her
further exploitation and to remove
her from her environment, which Is so
objectionable as to keep all her form?
er friends and all her faithful old ad?
herents of the great Neapolitan arl?.
toc.racy away from her. By her mar?
riage to the Into. King Francis of Na?
ples, she. became an Italian, and still
drawing an annuity from the Italian
treasury, should under ordinary cir?
cumstances be an object of care to the
Italian ambassador. This, however, is
out of the question, seeing that Queen
Marie Is a dethroned Italian sovereign,
whose former dominions and even her
very palaces and their contents have
been appropriated by the reigning
house of Savoy. The French authori?
ties have no right to intervene, slneo
reigning sovereigns, by international
right, and dethroned sovereign.-). l>v
International courtesy, enjoy the ?am?
extra-territorial rights nn?l immunity
from ail local uuihorlty and Jurisdic?
tion us the foreign ambassadors.
In the end it will probably be. how?
ever, the Bavarian Minister in Pails.
Baron Grtlhsteln, who will, in bohnlf
of the Bavarian royal family, ?alto
ohurgo of Queen Marie's aft a im, and
rid her of her altogether Impossible
environment Queen M.irle ts the last
remaining princess of the blood t-i
have been married by proxy. She ar?
rived In Italy, at Barl, as the wife ol a
crown prince whom a!.?- had never seen
and who was In every respect her an?
tithesis Her, (ather-ln-law. for whom
she developed a groat affection, died
iwo years later. a frightful death.
Then she lost her throne, all her most
I'herishod possessions, and. worst ot
all, her remaining Illusions regarding
her husband At Home she lost her
only child Driven from thence by tha
Kalian capture of the Eternal City
In 1*7". ."lie sought refuge In I>ondot\
and Paris, and lived to see her sis?
ter. Empress Elizabeth, murdered; an?
other sister, the Duchesse d'Alep.con,
burned to death in the. Charity Bazar
fire, and two of her husband's broth?
ers commit suicide. She used to rac.t
In Paris under the name of Count
lsol.i,' and was portrayed by Alphons- .
Daudet as the "Queen of lllyrla." in
his famous novel, -(.es Bols en Exile."
Moreover, she Is the only woman to
possess the rross of the Kassian Order
of St George, only bestowed for acts
of ox< cpt|onal heroism under th->
enemy's Ire, and granted to her for
her magnificent defense of the fortress
of Gneta, tho last Bourbon stronghold
In Italy.
Edwin Abbey. R A., whose death
has Just taken place at his home in
London, had the refusal of the order
for the painting of the official picture
of the coronation of ,G*nrge V. In
tact, the King urged him to undertake,
the task. But Abbey begged leave to
decline the Job. The reason for Ab?
bey's attitude in the matter was the
trouble and annoyance to which this
American member of the Royal Acad?
emy was subjected in-connection with
the production of his superb painting
of Edward VII.'h coronation, which
now adorns the walls of Buckingham
Palace. For the execution of that
painting it was found necessary that
he should obtain sittings lrom 'more
than a hundred distinguished parson;
ages who took part in the ceremony.
Of them all. according to Abbey. King
Edward and (Jueen Alexandra were
the most considernte and reasonable.
As to the people of less exalted sta?
tion, he had lo suffer In the mos? ex?
asperating f?shlon from their unpuhc
tuality in the matter of arranging sit?
tings, from their failure to keep en?
gagements, and above all from their
well nigh incredible vanity in Its mom
'Petulant manifestations, those Of least
Importance insisting on occupying the
most conspicuous pliice in the picture.
Jti fact, the experiences of the Abbey
gave him a curious Insight into court
life, with all its petty jealousies. Its
'omens and Its intrigues.
So great" was the Irritation to which
he was subjected In the painting of
the picture, that he refused to con?
sider a request) made to him from
Queen Alexandra and George v. to
portray the lying In state of Edward
VII in Westminster Hall. It was In
consequence of this attitude on tho
pact of Edwin Abbey that the order
was given to another artist, as war
also that /or the picture of the coro?
nation of George V. * '
(Copyright. 1011, by Ihe Brent WOOd
Company)
pui?rsAME QUALITY
..(REAM EVERY DAY
Vj__ I I Monroe 1861.
Dreyfus & Co.
Arc holding important sales in all
departments. Savings the grcai
est in years.
WOMEN
lfs a wise woman who puts a
little money In: tho savings bank
regularly. No woman" can tell when
she'll need money pretty badly. The
National State and City Bank has
many women among Its deposi?
tors.-- Why not prove your thrift
and wisdom by hecomlng ono of
I hem?
National State and City Bank,
RICHMOND, VA.
Win. If. Polmer, President,
.lohn S. .Elicit, Vlee-Presldenl.
Win. M. Ulli, Vlee-Presldont.
J. W. Slnton, Vlee-Prealileul. '
.lullen H. Hill, Cashier. <