The times dispatch. [volume], November 18, 1911, Page 4, Image 4

About The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914

Image provided by: Library of Virginia; Richmond, VA

                
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SATURDAY. NOV13MBBH is. 1011.
JUDGE JOHJi II lNt.i! KM.
After an Illness of one week Judge
Ingram Is dead, stricken in the prime
of life nnd in the midst of his labors
and usefulness. In him Virginia has
lost n public servant, much beloved
and lent* marked for his mentul ca?
pacity. Of him It may be said thai
lie was a judge all his life. Soon af?
ter he had left his alma mater, the.
University of Virginia, he was chosen
Judge of the HuMlnps Court of the!
City of Manchester, his native town,
where he had begun the practice of
the law. and where his solid attain?
ments were perceived by his fellow
citizens. Over this court b,e presided
with ureat credit to himself until In'
1903 the dealh of Kdmund t \ Minor.
Iho judge of the Dow and Equity
Court of the city Of Blchntond. created
s vacancy In the bench of that court.'
which through his well earned repu?
tation Judge Ingram was called to
111), though riot a resident or Kick-,
mend. In this way It was the good
fortune ot our city to secure for one
of Its most Important courts a Judge
who. though he then was little past
forte years of age. was yet a seasoned
veteran In Judicial service. .Indue
Ingram held this place up to the time
ef his deuth, meeting fully all the re?
quirements of that onerous position.
Taking an active Intercut In all public
matters, and bring a man of wide In?
formation and of a practical nature,
he was chosen a member of the last
Constitutional Convention, an office for
Which he was eminently qualified and
in which he did good service.
As a trial Judge, he was unexcelled.
Prompt In his rulings, llrm, patieut ami
courteous, his mind well stored with
p.il knowledge, he was able to con?
duct the trial of the most difficult
cases with ease to himself and with
great satisfaction to the bar.
In lila private life no man was mote
tuteemed or beloved. ills frank.
g< nlal manner drew to him all who
met him. Ills simple manners nad In
them the Irresistible charm of the Old
Virginia gentleman. Uood-by. dear
friend! Our hearts are deeply snd
Crr.cd. lvace to thy ashes.
A DECADE OK" Kill I ATION.
< ii eater progress has been achieved
in education in the United .Stales dur?
ing the patl ten years than in any pre?
vious decade in the history of'the na
lion. The Federal Bureau of Education
luig lately finished the laborious task of
reviewing statistically the educational
advance In the United Slates In the
period .from 1900 to 1D10.
The aunuul income of the schools has
been Increased within the tlmo staled
from $220,000,000 to $ 12."),000,not*. An?
nual appropriation*, to normal schools
for the training, of teachers have grown
front $2,769.,06A . id*' $$,630,000. The
value of the public school property in
1000 was $650,000,., in ll'l? U ex
cceded $1,000,000,000.
In the same period the average length
of the common school term increased
from 144 to 156 days, and the average
attendance of. pupils enroll|d went
from ninety-nine to lit days. The
number oi public high schools Jumped
from C<i?;, to tu, 213, The rutiiibcr of
teachers in such schools in 1900 was
20,000; In 1910, 41.000. The total ot
public school teticliera increased from
423,000 :v 612;000. Salaries of teachers
sie larger than they were ten yturS
egPi (lie uverago salary oi u mule
teacher now being $65 j. nionth, as com?
pared with $ttl 5. 1900. while the sal?
aries of women teachers huve gone
from $S4 a month to $52.
An advance from $ 1 tin, 1 1 y>m to
$273,126^000 Is shown >n the productive
fund of universities, colleges and lotii
atcal schools, at well an ah increase
from $23,500.000 to $77.SO0,OO0 In n,c
annual Income oi these schools from
sources other than endowment, there
sre now 180,600 tftudentt lii the.-,
ichpols, as against UO.UOC ten yearsago
and 27,800 Instructors,, compared j
with 17.000.
More than 900,000 high jscl.I pupllaj
were enrolled !n 1 ?10, a:- agal: ii . ? i ??,
In 1000. The tola] average lilc.vas? III
schools of all kinds litt? appio:1'tnfttqll
y.'< per cent,
it is plain from stud: Ol IIicso ,
tlstlcs that aior.g all linen ill education
there has been a notable advance, In
fact, the decade which closed In 1910
was the most noteworthy In ihr- am als
of the nation. In the last ten yean
?the annual income and the property oi
public Schools ha\e almost doubled.
The length of the common v hool term
hat been lncrease'tl iwclvi da^s. The
tv rage attendance showed substantial
growth. There ar< thousands more
schools and teachers, and the average
salaries of the latter havi been in?
creased." though not nearly enough,
The Mgh schools, to, well ,,s tlie iow'ei
grade schools, are Increasing caphll
throughout the nation Kdticatlon I
.progressing, and in e. rj pj rt of no
country it I? reaching more people, tlm
ever before. "Making education eoni
?non to all.'' as JU>well put it, is the edu
i u'tlotial Ideal In tills republic, und that
is Just ?"hat Is being dune mure and
more in the l.'tlltcd Status as the days
t'Oll <m into the years.
BOOSTING?KOT MUCKRAKING.
Cambridge, Massachusetts, lately was
the s. cue of a vigorous campaign for
H belter form of city government. Good
government lost out. because the.
ward-heelers and the bosses breught
their heavy battalions into play, but
Cambridge will yet have its needed
municipal reform In thin light :\ cir?
cular was sent out explaining the new
plan proposed and giving reasons for
Its adoption. Richmond citizens who
have hear.i tin. argument that the
form of government wo now have is
best, may read wltjt profit this excerpt
from the circular referred to:
"Tin opponents of the new charter
ask for Instances in which the present
city government has been unsatisfac?
tory.
"Wo do not need to go Into this.
"We are boosting: not muckraking.
?\\> believe our citizens will not
require any parading of dirty linen
lo persuade' I hem that their present
rorm 'of city government is Inadequate.
They know that liioftlcieiicy and waste
are part and parcel of the two-chamber
party system. They know that this
system is now. out of date and Is being
gladly abandoned all over the country
for the commission form, which mil- ;
foimly brings the desired relief. They ,
know that the modern commission
form Is the most democratic aiui alto?
gether the 'best form of city govern- i
ment that American skill has devised." :
To paraphrase another part of the j
circular, the besi is none too good for i
Richmond. Here it is. Vote for |t. The j
stilish politician has everything to i
lose: the voter has everything to gain.
tin; obligation or tub prtmaha
We nrr asked why one who votes In ?
n primary election is hound to vote at j
the general election fot the candidate
w ho won in the primary. The reasons I
are many, bill U few will suffice. I
Broadly speaking, one is bound to
vole at the genera,! election for the
winning candidate of the primary in:
which In participated for the same!
reason that one is morally hound to
keep any pledge, oxpresseTI "or implied,
that he may make. If one 'phones to
his grocer to send him ten pounds of
ungar, ho Is morally bound to pay for
that sugar when the grocer demands
pay;- I
The primary election is a device j
adopted by political parties for the
selection of parly candidates who, ut
the general election, will have the full
party voting strength to support
them. If there be several party can?
didates?Democratic candidates, for
example?for the same office, each
with a number of friends and .support?
ers, the success of the party at the
regular election requires that one of
these, be selected as the party nominee
who can secure at the regulur election
the full party vote. The Democrats,
therefore, who have different favor?
ites for the Office, agree to let the
majority decide for the whole party
which of the candidates shall be put
forwwrd n.i '.the party nominee for
whom ull will vote at the regular elec?
tion. A primary election, therefore, is
held. All the cMiidtdateo, xn.l *.ich
Democrat who comes into this pri?
mary and votes for his favorite, give
a pledge, expressed or Implied, to voto
at the tegular election for the can?
didate who receives the largest num?
ber of votes in the primary?otherwise
the party strength would not be polled
at the regular election, and the parly
candidate would (possibly) be beaten
by t!:o candidate. ..f the opposing
party.
It Is altogelhi r a mattet of ex?
pressed or implied promise or agree?
ment
One need not go Into a primary if he
does not wish to. but If he ehooscs to
go lilto a primary and vote for his
favorite, lie is morally hound to abide
by the result of thai primary and
vote for Its nominee.
One need not bet on a horse race
if he does not wish to. but if one
does bet t'i on his favorite horse and
that horse loses the race, he is in
honor bound not only not to take the
othet, .man's money, but to pay to the
other man the jr. he lost.
In li..e manner, when one enters
into a primary contest with his party
USSOclatCS, and Hi favorite of his as?
sociates wins the most votes, and,
therefore, the party nomination, he is
In honor bound not only not to voto
against the nominee, but actually to
vote for him at the regular eleetion.
Mini 'tis favorite won, h< would have
1. id a right to demand that his party
associates vote for that favorite; for
him ri fi#e to accept the. decision
? ?( the primary, therefore, and vote,
,.t (lie regutttr election for the nomi?
nee of the prlmury, is to perpetrate a
pro*' fraud on his pail.- associates.
< OJI1? I ti Kit IIMOMl,
The first American Itou'ds Congress
). ?b! attract to Klehmond next week
public spiiited citizens not only Jr? hi
icvei; county au.j town und city In
> irtMina. but al.-o from our neighbor
There is nothing sectiblTaj about
int good roada movement, unless it
be that heiter highways are needed
me,, urgently in the South than In
any olltei part of the nation. >;ve?y
State, ever;, city and every community
are Interested In good roads, because
wh-reve, they ,m built they mean
" Prosperity, men happiness and
icon wealtl The Rood road.- ques?
tion in ol as much Interest to the old
r/brtb staw and tin Palmetto etat;*
as it in lo the Old Dominien, ?ntl Ii is
hoped thai both these .States will be
J represented by large delegations of
I their publlu-sptriled citizens.
? other sections will be amply reprt
| ?enteil at thl? meat congross n??.
I M" Caron; Minist, , ?f ,?,?,.,. of
Qoebe., and Hon. j. r. Kalnc. of Qu?,
bee, win represent that province m
1 Richmond, and will, With other Cans
dlnns, constitute the delegation from
the vnst country that lies acroas our
northern border. Good roads advocates
from many Slates will como to Rich?
mond next week, and North, Tin a I and
West will not lack anything In ade?
quate representation. The government
will be represented by Secretary Wil?
son, of the Department of Agriculture,
whose address will bo one of the most
notable features of the congress, while
Osc.tr \V. Underwood, the Democratic
House leader und a prospective candi?
date for the Democratic uomiuutlon for
the presidency; Senator Du l'ont, of
Delaware, and many other iiiemboys oT
Congress and several Governors will
attest their belief in the vital Impor?
tance of better highways by coming
hero.
The American Association for High?
way Improvement, through Us etiiclent
president, l?ogan Waller Page, a Vir?
ginian, whose service for good toads bus
been a credit to the Old Dominion, and
through Charles r. Dlght. of West Vr
glnla, the association's aggressive Held
agent, has brought to a focus In Rich?
mond all the interests which favor bcl
ici highways. The automoblllats, tiiu,
s;aie highway departments, the Statuj
governments, the railroads and, chlefeat
uinong them all, the farmers, will be
foderUted here for one single purpose?
the construction and maintenance ?t
good roads?and the Impetus which will j
be given to that movement here next '
week will be more than nutlon-wlde In
its tremendous significance. This first
Itoads Congress will be u force for
economic uplift whose power cannot
be overestimated.
The point that we wish to malte la
this: the larger the attendance upon
this convention, the greater will be its
success und the more powerful t.ie
impetus which n will give lo one ol
the greatest reforms In the country.
Cvcry man who believes that his com
muliltj or Slate should have good roads
should COIllc to Klchmond next week,
because his presence ut the congress
v i!l sllOVi 10 the world that his commu?
nity is Joined in litis great movement
and because he can loarn things here
about the necessity for good roud:-, their
value to the community, their construc?
tion, their maintenance and their divi?
dend-paying qualities that he can learn
nowhere else. At this congress he can
hear the good roads experts of the
United States tell the why and the
how of good loads; here lie can eoino'
into 'contact with the better highway
live wires of the country ami learn
from them what to do and how lo do It.
The public generally should attend
this convention. The people of Rich?
mond, to whom good roads, both In the
city und out of It, arc a crying neces?
sity, should attend in large numbers.
Del us hope that they will meet there
immense delegations of the publlo-splr
iled people of the two Carolinas, who
should Join Virginia in making this the
most notable economic convention over
held In the United States.
Come to the Good Itoads Congress.
Virginians! Come to It, North Caro
llnians und South Carollnlani'
THE COUNCILMAN'S STUDY HOUR.
"Mr. President, 1 ulioulo very ir.u,* ?
like to have this matter deferred, be- '
cause 1 feel that there are many of us]
who arc not sufitciently acquainted '
with this proposition to pass upon it
now. and, therefore, Mr. President. 1 |
move you. sir, that we postpone this!
matter until our next meeting." These '
remarks "or 50,000 words lo that ef- j
feet." usually formulate the parlla- j
mcntary procedure by which members
of City Council defeat measures by
delaying them on the plea that not
enough opportunity has been had for
a proper consideration of the matter.
In many cases delay Is asked for In
good faith, but too often Is It desired
for the filibustering that kills.
No Councilman can ask such a delay
properly. w hen the proposed changes
in Richmond's form of government
come up. Into the hands of every ,
member of the City Council there has
been placed a copy of the proposed
ordinances, the newspapers have pre
sented the propositions from time to
time, and right now Is the time for
Councllmcn to "read, mark, learn and
Inwardly digest," There can properly
be no plea for deluy when |he matter
comes up. Councilman were put on
notice at an early date, and ignorance
of the proposed law will excuse no
tme. Now Is the time to study, gen?
tlemen of the City Council.
DOMIN ANT IHJt TORS.
When this country was rocking In
the < rudle of Its Infancy the doctor
was a leader In the community, nnd he
has been such ever since; but somehow
he has been associated in the public
mind with public duty and public office
more in tlir- last decade than ever be?
fore. In the cities the doctor has al
beeil a man of Importance; In the
country he has always been the man
of importance. Dr. George W. Bagby,
lu ills exquisite monograph on "The
Country Doctor,'' limned n iype known
from our end of the republic to tbel
Other. Oj late years, however, the pub?
lic funotlon Of the physician seems to I
have been more keenly realized; he
I come to be regarded not onlv as
n professional man. but In b large an5
high .ens.e as a public man. The com
paratively new science of public health
h,-.s brought the relation of the doctor
to t!.< community Into sharp relief, and
a: i v riilt members of the medical
us I on very generalis Unding
themselves in public office.
A doi lor of much experience, for nx
ample, I? at Hie head of the United
Mat en Army?General Deonard Wood.
Kenatot Gallinger, at the boo/1 of the
most Important committee of the Sen?
ate, wi.:, a physician of much repute
in New llnmrinhlrc, Many other In?
stances could be cited Of medical men
Who have made pood In polities and
who have rendered tine public service.
Doctors ore, by tho Way, muterlully In
[ vudins tho realm of literature, and tho
people ure reading more on medical
topics than ever before.
In education tho doctor Ik looming
larger thun evor before. In the old
? days many col legos and schoole were
I without their official physicians; now
tho college or school without such un
adjunct to the faculty is the exception.
Nor is the doctor neglected In the
executive departments of our great col
' leges und universities. Look at Prince?
ton, all of the presidents of which were
ministers of the gospel until Woodrow
. WUboii was put Into tho chair in the
; long room In Old Nassau. Princeton lb
[ looking for u man to take Dr. Wilson's
! place --Wilson' came very near taking
j up tuedivtiie us a*profosslon, If we re-1
member aright?and Dr. J. M. T. Fln
i noy, or Johns Hopkins, is now the lead- I
j Ing receptive candidate for Princeton's
presidency. The trustees hunted all
over the country and Invaded Durop?
in the quest of it man of the right
mold for n great university head, but
they are now tarrying In Baltimore.
Dr. l-'inney is a surgeon of wide note.
Ho Is "one of Baltimore's best known
citizens." lie has been a member of
the School Board of his city, lie has
been prominent In many worthy char?
ities, and in his work ut Johns Hop?
kins has boon regarded as an a bio ad?
ministrator. Tho Boston Transcript I
tells us that "those who know him say,
that he has the tact necessary to heal'
the breach in Princeton's Internal nf-'
fairs." !
The people arc coming to tho notion >
that whosoever can promote the public'
health of a community can also pro?
mote It.;; political health. The training
in principles atld ideals which the doc?
tor gets to-day Ota him for service In
education, In politics and in many other
Heids not strictly within the con lines
,'f his profession.
r.mperor William wants to go on
the stump, but he had better follow
the example of his friend, "the only
Civilian who ever reviewed the OermaTT
army," and slay off.
Mayor Qaynor, of New York, has a
hard lot. He told the convention of
the New York State Federation:
"The Mayor here has to be at the
uervice of everybody apparently. He
has to work like a slave during the
day and get pretty roundly abused all
the time for little or nothing, and one
morning he has to go and speak to
the children in a school and the next
he has to come and speak to Sorosis
and the women's clubs, and to-morrow
maybe to some band of reformers who
want to reform inebriates or some?
thing like that, and so it goes. And
so I have to make the best face of It
that I can."
Still, lie likes to come to Richmond
and talk about waterways.
Thomas Bray, of Grlnnell. fa., Is
thinking of running for Congress, lie
has a E/>od Republican name.
The New York papers are making
much n<lo about Levl P. Morton's change
of residence from New York to Wash?
ington. He used to be an office"-holder
in Washington, but does anybody rec?
ollect what ho was?
Vincent Chlcco, John P. Grace and
Colo Blense?how little these sound
like the grand old names of the .South
Carolina that was:
Virginia Justice
If absolute proof were needed to
convince the public of young Beanie's
guilt, the statement of Governor Mann'
?known throughout Virginia as the
kindest of men?furnishes it. Kor the
lirst time since he came Into office the
Governor has refused to allow the
date of execution to be changed:
Nor did the confession of perjurv
made by Paul Seattle enter Into the
Governor's final consideration of tho
case. Titus a sensational, eleventh
hour attempt to avert the result of
the trial has also failed. Justice is j
to bo done. ? Washington Herald.
The action of Governor Mann In re?
fusing to giant Seattle a reprieve has
cause<| general surprise. His refusal !
to interfere will meet with the gen- j
oral approval of the people of the;
Commonwealth.-?- staun ton Dispatch.
The jury heard tho evidence and
rendered an honest verdict. The Court
of Appeals refuse,! to interfere, and
Tiow the Governor refuses to take any
hand In a case which has been fairly
settled, The crime was one of the
blackest ever perpetrated in Virginia.
The State has done. Its duty. Justice
has hud an open course, and the ends
of the law denian,i the life of this
man for that life lie took, ft Is hard,
but U Is Just. ? Charlotte News.
In the Beattie case, Virginia has
*;et an example In the legal and de-j
termlned process of the law which
would well he followed by other
States of the South. Under ordinary
circumstances, a wealthy defendant
accused by circumstantial evidence
would have secured the advantage of
delays and technicalities. But the
Virginia COtirt showed that M was
made of better stuff. Beattie and his;
lawyers could secure no delays. They
could secure the benefit of every right
accorded a defendant under the law,
of Virginia, but they eouM not avail
themselves of any technicalities to
Slav the advance of Justice.
The Jury's verdict Indorsed the ver
Abe Martin
It seems like a woman's hair be?
comes, unmanageable J'st as soon a?
she becomes a delegate i' somethin'.
MrH. Bdlth Mopps an1 her daughter
Edytho Tuosdoycd here.
A PICTORIAL SERMONETTE.
(Cspjrurbtt 1*U: Jjr John T. idrfMU^m J
The Woman Who Teil? Her Hub and All Hfa* 4>etty Trouble*.
--?-II? ?.?? 1 , ? ill
" l te? you, U '? n retty to get Wr ofier o long, W day of wo* ?W worry at A, qffoiT
-?11 - " * * "----I ?" I , i
"Oh, miliarer? had such a dreadful day to-day t Flrrt ti not one ifdng and ihm mokUr. I tuet kmm DW gnotr mm
charged me on that ycart I bought yetterday ; and the baby cried nearly an hour thh afternoon, and the bread Itemed, and
the dog chewed up one of your iHpper,, and the roof leaks, and the hall cargH b 0kL
" And Y0* rninith Wl!Xe.I can't do a thing hbn any mor?. Bt bukt? on being a pbvt* wufem he grow, up, anTht
knonvr well enough that me want Ann to bt a doctor. And rvt realty mat have a ntm kail carpet, and vom nuufn* abend
the rw/', and b* *urv to r*e the grocrr about tkt yeast."
" Great Scott I I gnee* l *? hot* to go down to the office again t*-?tphKm
<ilct of the mintonH of newspaper
readers who had followed the cane.
Public opinion had couvlcle?] him of a
heinous crime. Boattle. through his
wealthy relatives and friends, carried
his appeal to the Governor. But the
Governor of Virginia says ho Is guilty
and that he should die.
Virginia has unsuredly set Alubama
an example.?Montgomery Advertiser.
The promptness with whleh this
trial, conviction an<] sentence have
been accomplished will probably have
a salutary efTect. It will show that
men, even though they may occupy
high social position and standing in
the community nnd the Statt in wnlch
they live, cannot defy the law and
commit murder and go unpunished.?
Columbus (Ga.i Enquirer-Sun.
As Governor Mann soe? the case, it
Is a choice between Beattlo'a death
ami the death of Innocent persons who
would he,murdered if this notorious
murderer was permitted to live.
The logic of conditions nffectlng
entire nations le on the Governor's
side. In Great Britain nn<) In Canada
long experience has shown that a
murderer has little chance of escaping
the death penalty. He is almost al?
ways caught, and when ho Is taken lie
Is punished without undue delay and
with Impressive certainty. In the
Culled states both the arrest anfl the
punishment of murderers are shame?
fully lax and Infrequent, and In this
country the murder rate Is about
twenty times ag high, in proportion
to the population, as it ts In Canada or
in tho British Isles.
The opponents of capital punishment
for murderers do not seem to realize
that when they fix their attention on
the saving of murderers' lives thoy do
much to endanger the lives of men,
women and children who are not
murderers. Many an Innocent woman
has been slain by the Influence of
those who have prevented the execu?
tion of cold-blooded assassins, with?
out In the least realizing the terrible
consequences of their misguided ac?
tivities.
Desperate criminals know what pun?
ishment has the greatest restraining
effect upon their kind. When they
have to deal with a traitor to on* of
their bands they do not think of any?
thing less than death. They kill to
prevent other crlmlnnls from follow?
ing the course of the man they slay.?
Cleveland Deader.
Governor Mann rightfully gave no
heed to the alleged affidavits signed
by Paui (Seattle in which it was set
forth that much of the. evidence it
the star witness for the State was un?
true. The essential point of Paul's
testimony, that he did not have the
gun on the Sunday preceding the kill?
ing, was corroborated by ssvoral wit?
nesses The contention of the defense
that Caul did have the, gun that day
was attested to by but a single man.
Beattle killed his young wife and
Seattle must pay the penalty pre?
scribed by law.?Nowport News Daily
Press.
Having tested every chance allowed
toy law nnd having been kindly per?
mitted so to plead for his life. Henry
Clay Beattlo now realizes that the
law in Virginia means what It says.
And every citizen of that State, wheth?
er high or low. undoubtedly feels to?
day a deeper reverence for that law.?
Spantanburg (S. C.) Herald.
Beattle has exhausted all the legal
means at his disposal, and he hns not
been able to escape from the law
which condemns him to die for the
brutal murder of his wife. All ovor
the country tho papers are full of
praise for the wonderful effectiveness
of tho Virglnln execution of tho crim?
inal law. The Old Dominion has dem?
onstrated to the world in the Beattle
case, as she has before In the MoCue
ease and the Cluverius case, that she
has little patience with murderers, be
their station what It may. Virglnln
has set an example that might well
bo ctputnled In many States.?Chnrles
kton (W. Va.) Gazette.
La Marquise de Fontenoy
BY LA MARQUISE ?E l'OXTBNOY.
FOREIGN consuls-general In Canada
seem to have Just as little con?
ception of their oxact official
status as their colleagues In Aus?
tralia. Their refusal to attend the
llrst drawing-room, that Is to say, of
riclal reception, of the now royal Gov?
ernor-General at Ottawa to-day, until
the duke had consented to accord to
them for the occasion the prerogatlves
of full-fledged diplomatic envoys, has
had Its counterpart in Australia, where
Lord Dudley, when Governor-General,
resolutely declined to yield to tnelr
pretensions.
Diplomatic envoyB represent their
sovereign, or the executive of their
government, and as such have from time
Immemorial been accorded an alto?
gether privileged position, comprising
not only ex-terrltorlal immunities, but
also precedence over the members of
the Cabinet, and the leading dignitaries
Of the Stale. Thus, at tho courtH held
by King George an<J Queen Maty at
Buckingham Palace, the ambassadors,
the ministers, and their wives and sec?
retaries. In fact, the entire Diplomatic
Corps are received before the highest
officers and the greatest nobles of the
empire. Owing to these duties of rep?
resentation, the Diplomatic Corps Is
recruited from certain classes, and sub?
jected to training of an altogether spe?
cial character. Consuls have no spe?
cial training, and far less care Is taken
in their selection, while they have no
standing as consuls at any court of
Europe. Indeed, tho only appearance
of a foreign consul at court abroad Is
when his ambassador permits him to
tak? a place, more or less temporarily,
among the minor members of his suite.
Consuls are appointed to fulfil cer?
tain clerical duties In connection with
the. promotion of the trade and the
? baring of tho shipping of their re?
spective countries, and not for purposes
of diplomatic representation. Inter?
national law and treaties unite In de?
claring that foreign consuls have no
special privileges beyond other ordi?
nary foreign residents, and aro sub?
ject to the laws, civil and criminal. of
tho country In which they reside. For?
eign consuls in this country are obliged
to obey a subpoena, and enjoy none of
those Immunities from customs dues,
and from arrest, that are accorded to
all diplomatic representatives.
The consular exequatur, concerning
the naturo of which so many seem In
doubt, has nothing In common with the
letter of credence of an envoy. II is
n document Issued to the consul, not
by his own government, hut by the
government of the country in which
he is sent to reside, and which au?
thorizes him to fulfil his consular
duties as long as he behaves himself.
If he gives any offense to the authori?
ties of the land in which 'he Is sta?
tioned, his exequatur may be with?
drawn at any moment, and there have
been several Instances In recent years
when foreign consuls, notahly one In
St. Louis, have had their exequatur tak?
en away from them, by order of the
President of the United States.
Through good nature, ignorance of
official etiquette, und Indifference of
former Governor* - General of the
Dominion of Canada, and of the various
antipodean colonies, consuls and con
Mils-general were In the past per?
mitted to gradually usurp- diplomatic
prerogatives and a status to which they
were in nowise entitled, until they
have grown to look upon themselves
as full-fledged envoys, accredited as
diplomatic representatives of their gov?
ernment to the chief executive of the
Dominion In Canada and the Common?
wealth In Australia- They ended by
putting forward, and by degrees se?
cured, prerogatives that a minister
plenipotentiary, or even an ambassa?
dor, would hesitate to demand, and
their constant squabbles, both among
ther.'solvos and with the Federal and
State officials, about silly questions of
precedence furnish subject for ridicule.
Ixjrd Dudley, having heard of this
condition of affairs before sailing for
Australiu to assume his duties as Gov?
ernor-General of the Commonwealth,
took counsel with the Colonial Depart?
ment and with the Foreign Office In
London, as well as with the lord cham?
berlain's office there, and as a result
thereof, Intimated very quietly on his
arrival in Australia that he did not
propose to continue to accord to the
consuls any exceptional precedence or
privileges, or to recognize In them en?
voys extraordinary and ministers pleni?
potentiary of their respective countries
He added that during all the years that
he spent as viceroy at Dublin, none of
the foreign consuls there ever dreamt
of demanding to be treated at the cas?
tle and stato functions as If they
were ambassadors of their country to
the Kingdom of Ireland, and as ac?
credited to his viceregal court.
The result of this was that the for?
eign consuls In Australia held aloof
from the entertainments given by Lord
Dudley when In Australia, which was
their loss, and not his. Lord Grey
adopted a similar course at Ottawa.
A curious light has been cast upon
the conditions of existence of some of
the members of the House of Lords, by
tho .recent unsuccessful suit of the
Marquis and Marchioness of Towns
hend, -to be consulted and kept Inform?
ed of the management of the entailed
estates of the marqulsato hy the trus?
tees.
It may be remembered that some
years ago the marquis was pronounced
by the courts to bo incapable of manag?
ing his own affairs, the proceedings be?
ing undertaken for the apeolab purpose
of removing any participation In their
control, from his father-in-law, a dis?
barred lawyer of the name of Suthurst.
The trial, which was a cause cele
bro, culminated in a judicial decision
to the effect that the diminutive mar?
quis, who is as dwarfed In physique a.<
he Is In intellect, was incapable of man?
aging his own affairs, though not suffi?
ciently demented to be placed under
xestrainh Accordingly. Ms estates
were vested in the hands of trustees,
relatives of the marquess's parents, and
they have been fulfilling their duties
in connection therewith in the moat
efficacious way, without remuneration
for fchelr trouble. '
(Copyright, 1D1I, by the Brentwood
Company.)
Eleven Hundred and Nine
East Main Street
is the temporary home of one of Richmond's
Best Banks.