The times dispatch. [volume], December 13, 1911, Page 4, Image 4

About The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914

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WEDNESDAY. DKClC.MHUR 13, 1911.
A I.OXti STEP TOWAlin niSTTBlt
UOVHItXMKXT.
A substantial uml gratifying victory
iTss secured last night in the notion
of the P.oard of Aldermen In passing
by a decisive vote the ordinance redis
trlcting the city Into tour wards. That
was the tnost important issue before
Hu- Board of Aldermen, und it was
passed easily and quickly. By thnt
action, the City Council is reduced
by half, and the individual responsi?
bility of both common Councllmen and
Aldermen Is vastly Increased and otli
elency is made more necessary.
With the Mlrschberg amendment nt
titchcd, the administrative board prop?
osition failed to pass the Board, al?
though the striking vote of 39 to .".
on the ordinance ns amended by strik?
ing out the Hirschberg amendment,
shows plainly that the Hoard Is In
favor of nn administrative board ae
a part of the olty government of
Richmond. The details of such a bonrd
as will be satisfactory" to both branches
of tho City Council can now bo worked
out by the two bodies acting together
for the best interest of the city. The
Times-Dispatch had feared all along
that the Hlrschbrrg amendment would
have ..10 effect or causing tho defeat
of the whole plan in tho Hoard of Al?
dermen, but that body wisely nnd sa?
gaciously avoided the difficulty by
passing quickly the first proposition?
the four wnrd plan?which a majority
clearly favored. The details of the
administrative board arc now open to
discussion and settlement in both j
bodies.
As to the formation of the admin?
istrative board, the Times-Dispatch
calls attention to the fact that In no
city In which the commission form
of government Is used aro' tho Fire,
llonlth and Police Boards bettor ad?
ministered than In Richmond. Thore
fo-c. there is really nothing to be
trained at present by the inclusion of
these' departments under the jurisdic?
tion ot the administrative board, save
r mere barren compliance with theory.
?fhi> administrative board ca- first do
v. lop ether departments, and the Fire
lind Police Departments ran be later
l tu under It. In other cities nil the
departments are combined under the
administrative boards, and it Is to be
h-ped that Richmond will come to
such n result with groat rapidity.
The victory Is so gratifying and the
prospect for Improved city ^govern
mint so near and so bright thnt The
Times-Dispatch hopes nnd urges that
the Common Council will meet the
Hoard of Aldermen In a spirit which
will make the plan for a hotter form
of government effective nt tho earliest
possible date. A meeting of the Com?
mon Council will be called shortly, and
the action of that body, It Is hoped,
will be such as to bring a swift and
favorable revtilt accord with the
Wishes of-'the* people of Richmond.
In the action of the Board In voting
down, the amendment which would sub?
mit the whole plan to n referendum,
the opinion of Th- Tlmos-Dlepatch
that the- people of Richmond at pres?
ent deelra legislation by their repre?
sentatives and not by themselves was
shown to be correct.
THE HAIM.EV RESI'OnT.
After all, one of President Tafi'sl
commission has fully justified his
hopes !n the report made by the Hart?
ley Stock and Bond Commission.
The inoEt Important part of this le
port Is Its frnnU acceptance of ihe
theory that publicity is the very licsi
protection that can be given. "Turn
on the light," says the report, "and
let the peoplo see where the money |r
Boing, why It was contributed, hotv It
was spent and for what purnoses it is
being ufctd and one problem in rail
robd finance will go near to hi intt
solved." Certainly, the effects of
Publicity Jn all other departments ol
government have been far more sulu
t'ary than prohibitive legislation, ami
sooner or later the recommendations
of the liadlej Itailroad Securities
Commission will come to be hdopted in
this particular. It will be a \r>ng time,
hov ever, befon the demagogic pelt
tician and the iBnor'tnv voter e ill
reach such pitch of economic Ihtelll
gence us to permit the railroads t"
declare large 'ash dividends without
beln;; attacked lot extortion; Tito
Itailroad Securities Commission vor>
wisely says that stock, scrip and bond
dividends: should be prohibited, but'
that the railroads shout.1 be permitted
to pay to thvir stockholders: as high a
cash dividend as th- ? >rt i.-jjpj will
Justify.
In this connection tin commission
maltet fhe perfectly plain point thai
there is r.o relation between the
amount of money for which pr< pcrty
is capitalized and what it is worth.
Nor is there any relation between
capitalliatlon and the rates charged
for services. A railroad, for example,
maybe as well located as a piece ol
corner property in the heart t-f Hb.h
aiond, and It might bo capitalized on
the Iwirl? of th* cost of that property
sixty years uro, but tho capitalization
would, not represent the rental valuu
uf the property, nor. In tho case ot
the railroad, does the capitalisation
represent the rules that are charge?
able for nervlces.
tiolng further along this: line, the
commission declares that physical
valuation if not necessarily :? control?
ling factor in the cost of production;
Again the question of wise; locution
and fnrsiglitcd choice of routes comes
In. and jt Is the opinion of the com?
mission that the railroads that build
wisely for the future are entitled to
(heir Just returns for that foresight."
T.oolOng towards the future growth
and development of railroads In this
country, the commission makes a com?
parison of the capitalised value perl
mile of the railroads of this and for- j
elgn countries. I
The total capitalization per mile for
railroads In America', as found by the
commission. Is loss than $00,400, as
against $100,000 per mile for Germany,
$187,000 per mile for France ami $2t55.
i>0o per mile for Great Britain.
Iii order to raise money for the fu?
ture development of railroads the
commission strongly advises the sell?
ing of stock at less than par In pre?
ference to the issuance of bonds, for
the reason thai when the railroad docs
not earn enough to pay dividends on
tho stock thert! is no foreclosure, no
loss of ownership; but, when the bonds
default on- their interest, great finan?
cial depression Is Inevitable. "'To com?
pel weals roads to Issue blij in'.pi/sst ?
bearing obligations because of their
inability to sell stock at par, may re?
sult In Intensifying the nouteness of
the next panic and in prolonging sub?
sequent business depression."
-Ml of these recommendations of the
commission have long been familiar to
the students of political economy, and
one of the greatest blessings that
could befall this country from n com?
mercial standpoint would be the
spread of these principles among tho
investing public and the politicians.
Nothing can do more to prevent com?
mercial (tnd financial depression than
n clear appreciation of the causes that
bring about these crises.
If the Railroad Commission's excel?
lent report docs nothing else than to
create public discussion of the funda?
mental principles of finance, it will
have performed a very great service to
this country.
TIIH COLONEL'S I'll I KAON.
Of what use are Colonel Roose?
velt's plaintive ilcnials that he Is
seeking tho presidential nomination,
seeing that his friends, followers and
supporters are pursuing that prize for
him with nil tho ardor of Insurgents
and all the wisdom of Wall Street?
When his celebrated declaration of
intention not to run appeared In the
Philadelphia North American, this
paper noted that the doughty Colonel
was content to affirm that he was not
then seeking the nomination and to de?
clare thnt. to charge him with such a
purpose was both unfriendly and un?
true. But he did not say, "I will not
accept if nominated." ills declinations
took the ecclesiastical form. I,tke the
bishop to be, he must thrice declare,
"nolo eplscoparl," "I do not wish to
be a bishop." only at the end to be
invested with the mitre and crozler.
This pretty drama of maiden coyness
would have continued undisturbed but
for the rude handed Interference of
President Taft, who called together
the National Committee of the Repub?
lican party. ThlB assembling of the
chieftains drew the lines, and the Col?
onel's friends were forced to drop
their thin pretense and come out In
the open. Thai is why the press re?
ports from Washington yesterday
bristled with Hoosovelt news. The
struggle for the nomination Is on, and
with Roosevelt in the field, that
struggle will'not be settled until the
day after the election In November,
ldll.
Taft was- never the choice of the]
Republican party. lie whs Tioniltintoci'
by Roosevelt and he has not made
powerful friends for himself. Against
biin Is arrayed the greatest political j
Senilis of this generation A man j
who Is tilled with ambition and cgo-|
t.ism, who Is enormously popular and I
who has managed tu secure the back
ilia <>r Wall Street without losing the
affection of the W?Ht. These condi?
tions malte it Impossible to .indue the
next Republican Convention by the
analogies of history, ti-.c Republican
Convention of 1 in its outward as?
pects, Is most like the one to be In IB12,
but Taft is not Harrison, hd Roose
yell is not Maine. Meanwhile the
Democrats are growing stronger daily.
Underwood ivould be as strong us any
if be v oi l.) ficccpt. Harmon has lost
l.'no ground. Clark. Is in the limelight,
and the bltternesf of the attack on
Wilson ovbi thul pctt> Ca rn ogle pen?
sion shows how greatly his candidacy
is feared. The best thing for President
I Taft i". do t- to let Southern Demo?
crats \oi,- twice. Thnt will give
liirri votes he could not otherwise get,
.'ni'i win give the Southern Democrats
a chance to show bow much they ad?
mire und iik<- a Republican President.
JEW IVII FAltMING?A r. AI \.
The reccnl annual meeting of the
Federation of the Jewish Farmer?'
Association <>?. tho Untied Slates cmi
tlnueH to bring out Important and in?
teresting details regarding tho "baok
ro thl form" movement among the
rate, and what It i* doing for tho
agricultural development of the coun?
try; and, as a leader among the Amer?
ican Jewish people expressed It, what
also "agriculture is doing for the use?
fulness and happiness of .many who in
default of that recourse would be con?
demned to little loss^ than miserable
existence. In the city sweat shops.'
Among such details arG that. In pro?
portion to population, Connecticut lias
more Jowlsh farmers than any other
Stato In tho Union. These have set?
tled la the Xuugntuck and Connecticut
valleys In the western part of New
Ixmdpn county, and elsowhoro. onu of
the principal colonies being ut and
near Colchester. Not only have all the
settlers been notnbly successful, it Is
reported, but, more to the :>olnt still,
they have made good livings on farms
that had been abandoned |,y their pro
dcceisors because the land did not
yield satisfactory returns for the
labor and money expended. Ho suc?
cessful have bscn tho efforts uf the
Connecticut" Jewish farmers. Indeed,
that they are planning a market place
ut Bridgeport, a centre where their
products will be gathered as in a sort
of clearing house, for shipment to New
York or for local distribution.
In the light of this exhibit, wo are
naturally led to repont In effect tho
query we propounded the other day in
discussing the "Jews in Agriculture."
If Jewish farmers can make the
abandoned and sterile lands, of Con?
necticut "blossom as the rose," what
could they not do for waste, yet fer?
tile lands of Virginia, If encouraged
to settle thereon and cultivate them?
Tue question carries In itself
only one answer, and that logically
conclusive of the entire subject, which
leavca no excuse for not encouraging
In every possible way a Jowlsh back
to the farm movement that will ex?
tend no less to this than to other
Stales.
THH XKUltO IN AUW VOItK.
The purchase of (i single house by
a colored man at a cost of $S,onn in
One Hundred and Thirty-first Street,
between Seventh nnd Eighth Avenues,
in the Harlem neighborhood of New
York City, resulted In a loss In the
block ot $80,000 In real estate values.
This fact has brought about the or?
ganization of a Property Owners" Pro?
tective Association In Harlem. A fund
of S100.000 has been established, and
It has been agreed to boycott?perhaps
we should say blacklist?real estate
agents who do business for negroes.
The people of Harlem, in which One
Hundred and Twenty-third Street i-^
the main thoroughfare, an determined
that no extension of San Junn lllll
shall bo made in their section of the
ci. ?
Many Now Tork colored folks are
well to do. Thoy can afford to buy
lino houses, and where one colored
family settles another and others will
follow. Tho Harlem movement is an
attempt to stop any such spreading In
all the sections of upper New York.
Color prejudice onters Into tho mat?
ter, but the chief reason of the Har
lemites Is tho depreciation of property
Involved in nny black Immigration. The
protective associations induce property
owners to sign an agreement that they
will not sell or rent to negroes. The
result 1b that negroes will not be able
to live uptown in New York, except
In the districts where they have al?
ready established themselves. Tho
st--ekcepcrs In Seventh nnd Eighth
.ivcntios have, entered Into tho cam?
paign They pay S10 dues a year to
keep up running expenses.
What Is this In effect but an nntl
segregation ordinance? The property
owners are doing by private action
what lias "'eon done by nubile action
In Richmond, and yet no critics rise up
to attack the Now York movement,
while Baltimore and Richmond were
treated with severo comment when
they did by law what New York docs
in private.
FAITHFUL .USD TRIE.
I'roni the Farmvllle Herald is
gleaned a touoh'ng Incident eoncern
lns the faithfulness of a colored mun
to his "white folks." During the life?
time, of the Misses. Mills, two maiden
ladles, who l'ved on tin eighty-acre
farm near Farmvllle, Jeff Hudson, "a.
worthy colored man," looked after their
comfort, cut their firewood and in other
ways provided for tholr bodily wants.
These two old ladles lately died, and
in the.ir will they rewarded this faith?
ful colored friend by giving to him
their entire farm. Ho now lives upon
it with his family. As the Herald
well snys, "Xo race problem there, no
bitterness between members of dif?
ferent races." There arn others like
Jeff Hudson In Virglnin to-day; there
were more like him In an unreturnlng
yesterday of our history.
NOT MAKING MII.WA1TKEK PAMOU?.
Mllwaukej Is the largeFt municipal
stronghold yet taken hy the Socialists
in this country. Its Soolallst admin?
istration Is viewed by the country at
large as a :-orl of test or experiment
as to the comparative value of so?
cialism in governmental methods.
However, the progress made so far Is
nclthc remarkable nor promising. The
Albany livening Journal snys that Mil?
waukee's lesson Is that "a Socialist
city administration Is costly without
adequate return."
Mayor Seidel and the Socialist Hoard
of Aldermen in Milwaukee have In?
creased Iho city budget $1,000,000 in
iwo years. A citizens' movement Is
now on fool in the city to overthrow
the Socialists, and It Is the conten?
tion of the former that, the increase
in. the budget would not be so bad if
j the city hnd scoured adequate return
for the increased expenditures. They
nsserl that the city's Interests have
suffered under the Solde] administra?
tion because of a lack of efficient bus?
iness methods. One complaint Is that
the pay roll in a s-lngle city depart?
ment has Increased 510.000 tht year.
The Socialists In Milwaukee prom?
ised tho city n new $1,000,000 park,
but a failure to complete the. necessary
business detnlls prevented tho project,
as options upon the required land ex?
pired. Stilts brought by the Socialist
officials to cut down^ the salaries of
bold-over officials have failed. The city
treasurer has been held personally
responsible for. $11,000 for payments
hold by the courts to be illogul. Mayor
Seidel *ays the party will make up
th? sum.
Opponents of Seidel way that tho only
reason for the marked ettlctehcy of the
city Health Department is duo to the
fact that It la in the hand a of non
Soclullst experts.
The charge lias been tnudo that
there has been a waste in city funds,
but Mayor Seidel says that the Demo?
cratic tux commissi oner was guilty of
favoring tho rich in the assessments.
However, the Mayor is a member of a
board of review which hud the power
to change Incorrect assessments. His
enemies say that ills failure to disclose
and correct errors showed his inca?
pacity for his office.
Opposition to socialism i.-. so general
and usually so hostile and vindictive
that it Is very hard to get tho true
light of the situation. Tt Is probable,
however, that the Socialist administra?
tion hns tried to do too much ut once,
and hns attempted to work out Its
theories und policies simultaneously
instead of successively. "Impractical"
is perhaps tho severest adjective which
should yet be used to dcscrlbo the So?
cialist regime in Milwaukee.
This Is the time of the year wh*?
?tho weeklies begin to refer to the
cashier of the local bank as ''genial
and popular."
Dorothy Arnold disappeared one year
ago yesterday, and the mystery of her j
taking off will probably never be
solved.
Governor Harmon hns done at least
one Ucmocratlc thing since ho has
been at Washington?eaten nt a lunch
counter "a-aottln'" on a high stool.
Arc you going to have "an easily
nssimilable polysachrld carbohydrate
of highly caloric efficiency" for Christ?
mas dinner? That is just plain old
mince pie as disguised by our old col
l'Se chump, Dr. Woods Hutchinson.
Voice of the People
Chesterfield Con) Minen.
To tho Editor of Tho Times-Dispatch:
Mr,?bdltor Woodaon wua all right
so far as ho went In his account of
coal mining In Chesterfield county, but
10 did not go far enough. The mines
In the Clovor Hill-Wimerpoek section
were long successful, but In point of
age and extent of operations tliev did
not compare with tho mlnea around
Midlothian, thirteen miles from Rich?
mond.
Long before the Revolution coal was
mined in tho Midlothian section. A list
of exports from the upper district of
.lames Rivet- from October 25. 1764, to
October 26, 1765, has been preserved
and Includes 15,232 buehelH of coal.
Title seems to have been an unusually
heavy output, hut In 1763-til. 11.312
bushels were exported, nnd 'in 1765-66,
1,500 bushels. Many of the families
Who owned land In this neighborhood
were interested In mining for genera?
tions. Th" Wooldrldge family was
especially active for a long time. Rob?
ert Wooldrtdgc, In his will, dated Oc?
tober 7, 1754-1. left to nis four sons ills
coal pits on tho Buckingham Road. ad
Joining Ralley's land. Buckingham
Road is the "real name of what Rich?
mond peoplo now call the Midlothian
Road, and Ralley's mil Res Just to
the left of the tumbledown brick store
She sees on reaching Midlothian from
Richmond. The Rahlley family was'
also Interested In mining, and their
home was the well-preserved framo
house which. It is believed, has been
recently occupied by the ?tiperflitcnd
ents of tho present coal mining com-1
pany.
The Midlothian Coal nnd Iron Mining
Company operated for many years with
great success. Major Abrahnm Salle
Wooldrldge was long its president, and
later his nephew., the gallant Colonel
William B. Wooldrldge, of the Fourth
Virglnlu Cavalry. C. S. A., held that of?
fice. Other presidents and largo stock?
holders were Nicholas Mills and nis
son. the late Charles Mills.
The Clarke family were unother ex?
tensively Interested In coal mines at
Midlothian. The Midlothian Company
was a combination of various small
liolcllngs, the property of the families
named. "Wooldrldge Old Pits," -The
Creek Pits," "Stonehenge," "Rallcy\s
Hill," etc.. were component partB of
the combine.
Adjoining the Midlothian Company's
property was Rlnck Heath, owned by
the Heth family, to which General
Harry Heth belonged. Later this prop?
erty was sold to an F.ngllsfi company
and that nnme was popularly given to
the Black Heath property.
All around the vlllago of Midlothian
tho ground is riddled with shafts nnd
slopos. The Pump Shnft,'Sinking Shaft,
White Chimneys, Grccnhole (which pro?
duced coal almost like cannel), Swam
Shaft, the John Henry. Blark Heath.
Grove Shaft and dozens of others were
old household words In the vicinity.
The chief sight for visitors was tho
Pump Shaft, with Its great Cornish
pump, which had cost the company
$35.000. At one time, these mines fur?
nished the. chief supply of gas and
steam coal along the Atlantic coast
us far north as Boaton.
In Hoho's ?'History of Virginia," tin
tier the head of Chesterfield county. Is
an interesting account of a visit to
Midlothian in 18-18. They were then
raising about 250 tons n day, though
later the product was increased.
After tho war lack of cnpital. lire,
block damp, water and. above all, the
opening of the mountain tnine?, where
coal could be tumbled out of_ a hole
In the mountain side instend "of being
laboriously hoisted 600 or 1.000 feet,
finally?PUt an end to the various com?
panies In the Midlothian field under
the old regime.
It Is hoped that some day, under
Abe Martin
Lafe Bud Ins got one o' tliein new
cattorplllcr hats. If oveVhuddy wu*
gentle an' kind yoy.couldn't git avonpd
for th" bores. ....:
A BOY IN WINTER - TIME.
By John T. McCutcheon.
ICvpyrlghr: 1M1: Br John T. MoCuichoon.)
f*Look, Ma 1 Sc* how much wood we ?rri ed in.and job didn't tu f to -ask us to, either. And w? watered the plants, too.;
new conditions and with improved ap?
pliances, ail of the Chesterfield coal
properties may again resume and even
surpass tholr old probperlty. a.
Richmond:
An L'nsttcccssful Itecntl.
Toolth?' Editor of The Times-Dispatch:
hlr.?Me who thorousi.lv believe in
tue arloptio; of n constitutional amend-'
nunt cnlllug for the recall. Including1
the Judiciary, of course, wer?: surpris?
ed to see quoted from your paper an
editorial comment on the recall based
upon tho alleged attempt to recall
?Judge Coxe, of Rosenburg, Ore., and
leaving the Impro.islon that these pro?
ceedings wero still In effect. The op?
position to the recall of Judges has
been very active In giving the first
word of this matter, but very llttlo
of tho rest, because of the fact that
in this Coxe Instance the citizens of
Oregon surely amply demonstrated that
they had the intelligence and character
to rule themselves, and In the end the
Coxe recall became one of the best
arguments yet advanced for the re?
call, because the people, not believing
thn-t the Judge had acted with Improper
motives, refused tQ recall him. It de?
stroyed, very effectually, the very ar?
gument, for Instance; that you bring
up In your editorial. \ call to your
attention a clipping from the Dally
News, of Oi ami .ludetIon. Col., a Re?
publican newspaper, which contains a
history of this Coxe caso. A better
understanding of it may prevent you
from placing yourself In an untenable
position. The State of Colorado will
probably adopt tho full recall by about
a 2 to 1 vote, as thoy did the Initia?
tive and referendum a year ago. Jn
Colorado we have no fear but that out
people are amply capable of ruling
thenrsolves. and I hnve no doubt but
Hint the people of Virginia are as well
equipped to do thin as the peoule of
Colorado, Wisconsin. Oregon. Maine or
California. It would hardly seem pos?
sible that this peculiarly American
trait had been overlooked in the pecu?
liarly American State of Virginia,
when it ts so strikingly shown Tn so
manv other and widely divergent
Stales. K. A. RICKEf
I'ublUher Dally Xows.
Grand Junction, Col.
A'of Needed for Woman Workers.
To tho Kditor of The Times-Dispatch:
Sir,?"A Working Woman" from
Staunton has drawn such a fancy
sketch of my life jtnd surroundings
Tnd on this basis has given ine such
a reproof for not considering the needs
of the "working woman" that she will
be much surprised to know that she is
answering a woman who has worked!
for her own and her family's support
for many years. It is principally for
the sake of the "working woman" that
I protest, against equal suffrage. When
the employe's cpu lessen his profits by
massing votes ngulnst his Interests the
employer will certainly control those
votes; and turn off all women who vote
against those interests. The right to
vote has never yet brought women in?
crease of wages.. See Colorado.
No adverse fnofs are told to the
working women, by the leaders In the
light for equal suffrage.
Mnn sign the petition for "polite?
ness" mostly, but many have Faid that
If women ever get equal pay with men
In same employ, then men will Im? put
in place of women, for never in "the
long run" can women do as much work
as men. As to women needing suffrage
to protect their property, nurely there
Is no sex In property. Men. in making
laws to "protoct property," cannot pre?
vent euch laws from serving women's
property nn well as men's; and surely
in Virginia ft is an ignorant woman
indeed who dons not know that It
man's wife is by law given a third
of his er.tate when he dies. On the
contrary, a 'woman enn leave by will
all she owns away from her husband,
and ho has no redress.
ONE OK THE WOMEN OF VIRGINIA.
.fudge Plilesnr for Vacancy.
To the Editor of The Times-Dispatch:
Sir,?Since tho announcement that
Judge. John A- Buchanan will retire at
the end of his present term, tho ontlre
State, of Virginia, and particularly tho
Southwestern section, is Interested In
the selection of his successor, and it
seems that one name looms up as the.
one upon whom the bar, not only cf
tho Southwest, but of tho whole btat?.
will almost to a man agree that of
all others he is tho most flttod. It
does not require that Ms name be
even mentioned, for. ns If by one ac?
cord wo predict that Judge. A. A- Phle
gar, of Chrlstlaiishurg, who has beon
practicing in Bristol for a number ct
years, will be nominated and tri?
umphantly elected without. even the
semblance of opposition. Judge Phlegm*'
was- on the S?jweme bench sonic "ten
years ago for a short time and mode
a profound impression lipon the bar of
the Commonwealth by his learning nn.l
strong opinions which he handed down,
and If called upon to round out Ills
career upon the bench of tho highest
tribunal of the State we bellcvo he
will make n record second to none who
have graced that dignified tribunal.
ChrlMlnnsburg. lt. I. R.
La Marquise de Fontenoy
INflTOX CHURCHILL'S transfer
from tho Secretaryship of State
Of, tho Home Department, to
the office of First Lord of the
Admiralty, has naturally served to re?
vive the rumors of his return sooner
or later to tho Unionist camp; and It
is anticipated that by carrying out
an Imperialist policy In naval mat?
ters, rather than the loo economical
ono of tli.e radical eleinont, and by
tf'ius fulfilling the Unionist views in
connection with the navy, he will
render himself so popular with the
Unionists that they will welcome his
return to their fold. It is no secret
that within the last year he has caused
approaches to be made to tho Unionist
party, offering to return. If some com?
promise could be effected on the ques?
tion of tariff reform. But at that time
Arthur Ralfour had not retired: peo?
ple, oven his political associates, did
not contemplate his resignation; and
Winston Church 111 was given to un?
derstand that he would not be received
at any price.
Since then the situation has chang?
ed. Winston realizes that It Is Lloyd
George, the Chancellor of the Ex?
chequer. Instead of himself, who will
be chosen as premier when Herbert
Asqulth in the near future retires from
the too onerous burdens of his pres?
ent offlco to the comparative retire?
ment of the House of Lords. Frankly
speaking, tho Liberals do not trust
Winston Churchill enough to eonilde
the leadership of their party to him,
either In or out of oftlcc: at any rate,
as long as they 'have Lloyd-George to
take the place of Asqulth.
On the other hand, through the re?
tirement of Balfour. and the Jealousies
of Austen Chamberlain and of Waller
Uong, Unionists, they have been so
hard put to find a lender that they
have had to fall back upon t'he re?
latively unknown Bonar Law, a force?
ful speaker, but without the requisite
experience of cither parliamentary
procedure or of Cabinet office, and
who, when tlie Unionists return to
power, roust necessarily allow some,
ono hotter equipped In this respect
to take up the position of premier.
This lack of available timber for a
premier, from w-hlch the Urutontsts are
suffering, Winston Churchill rognrds
as his opportunity: and there are many
wlho are convinced that his chieftain?
ship of the Admiralty In the present
administration Is merely a prelude to
his premiership of a Unionist Cabinet.
If his radical associates In the Lib?
eral administration refuse to comply
with his demands for the large credits
which he. will consider necessary in
order to put the naval defenses on a
satisfactory footing, he will be able
to throw up his ofllco on the scoro of
patriotism, and return once more to
the Unionists, who have neyer shown
any disposition to stint the money
needed for the navy.
Hong Kong Is the point from which
Great BTltaln Is not only watching the
present troubles In China, but llke.r
wise exercising the keenest sort of
supervision of lier vast Interests, poli?
tical and commercial, In tho Celestial
Empire. It Is tho one great naval
stronghold possessed by a European
power In tho China sens, and not only
Us defenses, but likewise ItG garri?
son, have been considerably strength?
ened of late, without attracting much
notice.
It Is fortunate that the Governor of
Hong Kong In Ulis time of crisis,
should be, not a civilian, but a very
resourceful and energetic soldier, ac?
customed to deal with the yellow ami
dusky races, and also to turn all avail,
able material to the very best account.
Uo la General Sir Frederick Lugard:
and while on the one hand the rebels
arc allowed to come and go botwcoii
Hong Kong and the mainland, provid?
ing they do not break the laws of the
colony, on tho otJher hand, the Gover?
nor Is affording- hospitality tinder his
own roof to Chang-Ming-Chi, tho fugt
t'.vo Imperialist Viceroy of Canton, who
has sought raftugo there.
It Is to General Sir Frederick Li
gard, more than to any one else, that
Great Britain la Indebted for her great
colonial empire In West Africa, known
as Nigeria. Tall, gaunt, angular, dark
at a Spaniard, he has the yellow skin,
the hollow cheeks, the sunken eyes,
and the Indented temples, which mark
tho man who has struggled for life
with the tropical fever fiend. Square
Jawed, with a forehead like a cliff,
ferocious mv.stacho, and keen black
eyes, he can nevertheless be as gentle
as a woman, and under the austerity
and gravity of his manner, a wealth jf
kind iheartedness, in splto of his ef?
fort to conceal it. constantly crops out,
and ;.?. also shown In the pages of the
numerous books which he has written
on the subject of his astonishing ex?
ploring expeditions.
A nephew of Sir Edward Luganl,
who served with so much distinction
in India, where he Is remembered a;i
ihe victor of the battle of Jugdesboro,
Sir Frederick was born at Madras, as
Uhe younger son of a fine old English
family. At college ho was renowned
as a football player, and soon after
Joining the army, had the opportunity
of seeing lighting, tlrst In Afghanis?
tan, under Lord Roberts, taking part
in the historic march from Cabul to
Can da liar, and afterwards In tho con?
quest of Burnish. Invalided home, in
consequence of overwork and cllmatlo
unpleasantness, he selected equatorial
Africa, of all places la the world, as a.
sanatorium. The fates led him to Ugan?
da, In Central Africa, where he rcmalnod
for some yenrs, schooling, chiding and
chastising In turn its turbulent King,
and contributing more, alone and sin?
gle handed, to the foundation of civ?
ilized life there than could have been
achieved by an army of missionaries.
Ii is entirely due to him that Nyassa
l.tnd and Uganda wcro presorved to
the British Mag; and when he was
transferred to Western Africa, ho con?
ducted a number of wars, and won
many brilliant victories, over tremend?
ous odds, wl?h native troops, com?
manded by a mere handful Of care?
fully picked white officers: men of the
same type as himself With them, he
managed to 'break the power of those
great Central and Western African na?
tive empires which were the strong?
holds of the slave trado Industry and
of barbarism.
Sir Frederick Is married to Miss
Flora. Shaw, who for years was tho
correspondent or' fhc London Times in
Sou lilt Africa, for which 'paper she
likewise visited tho Klondike, when
it was first opened up. No mere fit?
ting helpmate could bo found for such
a man than this brilliant woman,
whose testimony at the parliamentary
Investigation Into the Jameson raid,
preceding the Boer Wor, excited un?
bounded atiinirntlon at Westminster
among legislators of every shade of
political opinion.
Sir Frederick, I may add, was criti?
cized when In Africa, before his ap?
pointment to tho governorship of Hong
Kong, for favoring I3lam ao much ns
Christianity in the Dark Continent.
He's sJhares. however, tho views of
Canon Isaac. Taylor, that Mnhommedan
l.im nicy bo regarded as tho stepplng
stono from paganism to Christianity:
at any rate. In Africa. But he is quite
as much opposed to tho fanaticism of
tho Mosloms an to tho premature pro
selytlsm of tho Christian missionaries.
(Copyright. 1011. by tho Brentwood
Company.)
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