Northern Wisconsin advertiser. [volume], November 09, 1899, Image 6

About Northern Wisconsin advertiser. [volume] (Wabeno, Wis.) 1898-1925

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Story of the Wedding Ring.
- f iIM-
By BERTHA M. CLAY.
4
Continued.
Lord Carlswood never saw him; he
considered that his interest in the mat
ter ended when the yearly stipend was
paid. He was in London when
Katrine wrote to ask if he would al
low her to learn the organ—to take
some lessons from the organist at St.
Luke's—Mr. Cameron. ‘'He is consid
ered very iclever," she wrote; ‘‘and lit
would be a great pleasure to me to
learn upon an organ that was the gift
of my dear mother.”
Lord Carlswood had no dream of
danger; to his haughty mind then it
would have seemed as probable that
his daughter would fall in love with
one of his grooms as with her teacher;
not even the faintest suspicion oc
curred to him, and .vliss Carlswood’s
governess, who did feel some scruples,
was silenced by being told that “Lord
Carlswood wished it.”
The handsome young organist
thought lie was making a grand fu
ture for himself when he saw a chance
of wooing Miss Carlswood. He was
very handsome, light of heart' and
pleasant of speech, gay with the gaiety
of youth, gifted with a fatal, specious
eloquence; and Katrine thought the
world had never seen his peer. They
could not converse freely in the quiet
seclusion of the old church, when the
light streamed through the "stained
windows and the governess stood by;
but before long Katrine's kindness had
encouraged him to write little notes,
and she had replied to (hem. He grew
bolder, and asked her to steal from be
neath her father's roof to meet him.
She foolishly consented; and when the
infatuated young man told her how
dearly he loved her she owned that she
loved him.
Was it love, or was it an ambitious
desire to raise himself far above his
station, which actuated him? No one
ever knew, and Thornton Cameron
kept his secret. It was a base be
trayal of trust, a cruel fraud- it was
an unpardonable deception, a most
dishonorable deed- hut he succeeded
in, winning what the poor girl thought
was her love, and, after great per
suasion, she consented to elope with
him.
She had been so badly trained, was
so young, so wild in the Hush of girlish
'spirits, that she thought little of the
consequences. The sensation that
must, follow amused her. She enjoyed
thinking of the fright, ttie search, and
the emotion of her stately father when
he should hear that she was mar
ried.
“It will be stealing a march upon
papa" she said, with a gay ringing
laugh that should have smote her com
panion like a sharp sword. “He was so
particular that 1 should not make my
(Jebut until I was nineteen: what will
he say when he hears that I am mar-
Vied?"
There was no excuse to be made for
hei save that she was charmed with
her lover's handsome face, with his
musical voice, his eloquent words, his
passionate pleading and prayers. She
was charmed to he the heroine of a
quasi-romance; it would he so amus
ing to appear in London as Mrs. Came
ron. instead of Miss Carlswood. The
whole matter seemed to her simply a
delightful adventure; she never
dreamed but that her father, after per
haps reproaching her in a stately
fashion, would again receive her with
open arms.
"No Carlswood ever made a low
marriage"- she had heard that ex- j
pression often enough, but it never en
tered her mind that hers was what
would he called a “low marriage.”
Thornton Cameron was handsomer
than, and quite ns polished in manner
as. the gentlemen who had visited
Bralyn. There was nothing about
him t'yit could he called vulgar, much
less low: and Katrine, although
clever beyond her years, did not know
much of the world.
She would have considered herself I
making a low marriage if she had
promised to run away with a footman
or groom: but an artist was to her a
gentleman. How could a man who
created such harmonies, who gave his
whole time and attention to the culti
vation of the purest taste how could
such a man b? low? Site considered
him a genius, and fccnlus. site slid to
herself, levels nil ranks. She had
read somewhere of a king who stooped
to pick up the brush of a painter. Was
a painter better than a musician?
she asked herself. Certainly not. If.
t hen. a king could honor a painter,
surely her father might respect a
musician. Site had read of such great
honors being paid to them of kings
and queens who had done homage to
their genius, and reverenced their
names.
Still It seemed strange that a girl
reared in the very atmosphere of pride,
should have forgotten the lessons of
her life; but such was the case when
one fine autumn evening, she stole
*rom the time-honored walls of Bra
lyn. and eloped with the handsome or
ganist of Lynn.
CHAPTER VI.
The anger of Lord Carlswood. when
he heurd of his daughter's elopement,
was something terrible to witness.
She had written to him—smiling as
she wrote, thinking only of the
novel! v. ignoring th>- terrible conse
quences that might follow—telling him
that she had found that the happiness
of her life depended entirely on her
love, and that, before he had read her
letter, she would be Thornton Came
ron’s wife.
He read the words with a frown, and
took an oath never while he lived to
look upon her face again—an oath
which'he kept unbroken.
He might have taken a dozen differ
ent methods of punishing the mail who
had robbed him of his daughter; he
adopted none of them. He contented
himself with casting her off forever.
She was no longer a Carlswood; his
love for her had changed into bitter
est hate. She had broken the long
spell ho could never say again that
no Carlswood had ever contracted a
low marriage; he could never boast
that fclje name , '4vas unsullied. She
had stained it 'bjv running away with
a low-born!' stranger; nothing could
restore its lustre, nothing could give
back its lost glory. His anger was
something terrible—terrible in its
depth, its silence, its intensity. To
himself he said that if she were lying
at. his feet dying of hunger he would
not give her bread.
He made no loud complaints; he
never mentioned her name. If any
one attempted to condole with him, he
held up his hand with a stately gest
ure that enforced silence. His scorn,
his anger, his terrible indignation,
lay too deep for words. He went at
once to Bralyn, where all the house
hold were prepared to defend them
selves; but he did not condescend to
ask any questions. His game keep
ers wished to tell him of rambles In
the woods, of stolen meetings In the
grounds; the haughty nobleman re
fused to hqtir a syllable. He de
mised the governess with a sardonic
compliment; he gave orders that
everything which had over belonged to
the unfortunate Katrine should be re
moved from the house; lie refused to
say where they were to be taken or
anything about them, and they were
ultimately deposited in the gate-keep
er’s lodge.
Despite his pride, his sternness, his
terrible contempt and scorn, there was
something pitiful in the proud man's
silent, solitary despair. He took down
the record of his children’s births; he
read over the names of his boys; and
then a great mist of tears seemed to
hide the word "Katrine” from hm—
burning tears, all the more painful
because since his wife’s death he had
shed none. He sat alone in his
library, and before him rose like so
many ghosts all the hopes he had
centred in that beautiful daughter;
he remembered her as a lovely child—
as a lovely high-spirited girl. He
thought of the dead mother who had
loved her so dearly and a deep bitter
sigh came from the depths of his over
charged heart. His daughter- his
daughter!
Never more was he to hear the gay
young voice—never more to watch the
beautiful face; she was worse, ten
thousand times worse, than dead.
Dead, he could have loved her still,
he could have visited her grave, he
could have spoken of her; but she was
dishonored and disgraced, she was un
worthy of regret—she who had
brought the first stain upon the name
of Carlswood—she who had stooped to
deceive him.
Slowly he opened the silver ink
stand. and drew Ills pen through the
name—
“ Katrine Ismay Carlswood.”
Due by one the letters disappeared
beneath his heavy stroke, anil when
they had all disappeared it seemed to
him that his daughter lay dead. In
silence more bitter than the silence of
death he laid his face down on the
obliterated words.
Presently he arose and closed the
record, drawing his stately figure to its
full height.
“I have mourned my dead," he said
to himself: "now it remains for me to
forget.”
And forget, to all outward appear
ance. he did. He called the butler,
who from having been so long with
him was raised to tin dignity of a con
fidential friend.
"You know Mrs. Cameron's hand
writing." lie said. "Be good enough
for the future to look over all letters
before I see them: and. if there are
any from her. destroy them.”
And after that time Lord Carlswood
lived as though he had no daughter.
| Only the sutler knew how many
1 heart-broken letters came to Bralyn.
how many pathetic appeals, how many
cries for help. Even if Taird Carls
wood had known, it would have made
no difference—he would rather have
died rather than have yielded.
So time passed on. and the name of
the young girl who had been the pride
of his race was never even hbard: all
traces of her had disappeared, and
the servants had ceased, even in
whispers, to refer to her.
Lord Carlswood grew prouder than
ever.
"I have three sons.” he would say to
himself, “and they will do honor to
my name.”
People said afterwards that he was
justly punished for his pride. The
three young men were all strong
healthy, and likely to live to a good
old age; but by a strange chapter of
accidents, he lost them. The two
e'dest. who were passionately fond of
yachting, were both lost in a terrible
storm—they with all on board their
yacht.
Lord Carlswood had often expressed
his dislike of the amusement.
“Men who have to carry on the name
of a great race,” he would say to
them, “should not wilfully endanger
their lives.”
They laughed at his fears; and one
bright summer it was arranged that
they should go to the 'Mediterranean.
Lord Carlswood opposed the plan, but
in the end he consented.
They touched at most of the famous
towns on the Italian coast. One
morning they were about to set pail,
when an Italian sailor warned th~m
against doing so.
‘There will be a white squall before
the day is over.” he said, but they
Lord Carlswood’s sons. laughed at his
fears.
“We will risk it,” they said.
The sun was shining on the sea
and the white cloud in the distance
was as “a man’s hand.” They set
sail in despite of all advice and warn
ing, they had not been long at sea
before the squall in its wildest fury
broke over them. From the shore the
boat was seen to founder, and desper
ate efforts were made to save the ill
fated men, but all in vain. On the
day afterwards, when the sun shone
warm and bright, and the angry sea
had subsided, the body of Lord Carls
wood’s eldest son was washed ashore,
but the other was never found.
Those who knew Lord Carlswood
spoke of the terrible change that had
come over him; long years of care and
toll could not have aged him as his
sorrow did; his hair grew white, his
stately figure drooped, his hands
trembled.
A few months passed, and his
anxiety about his son was almost
pitiful to witness. He could not en
dure him out of his presence—he
could not rest one minute away from
him. He was so nervously apprehen
sive, that by his cautions he made the
boy’s life miserable.
"Remember you are the last of the
Carlswoods,” he would say to him;
our name, our race, all depends on
you.”
But when the fiat has gone forth,
who shall arrest it—what human hand
shall stay Its course? The last bf the
Carlswoods fell ill of a dangerous
fever. There were many who said,
that his father’s excessive care helped
to kill him —that he had too many doc
tors, too many nurses—that he em
ployed too many remedies. But be
the cause what it might, the result was
that after all his care, his almost
frantic efforts, the boy died, and in his
old age Lord Carlswood was left alone.
For long hours after the boy’s death
lie sat as one stunned and bewildered—
he could not realize the blow. Only a
short time since, as it seemed to him,
wife and children were all around him.
Death had swept them away, and he
was alone. When they roused him at
last he stood up and looked around
him. He bowed his head, white now
with sorrow.
Ihe hand of Heaven lies heavilv
upon me.” he said; and that was the
only murmur which escaped from his
proud lips. Even on the day his son
was buried he looked haggard and ill,
but no word escaped him.
“The Carlswoods know how to suf
fer in silence.” he said to himself—and
no man knew the smart of his pain.
CHAPTER VII.
Lord Carlswood owned that his sor
row was a heavy one, but it did not
humble his pride. ' In vain the white
haired old chaplain, who had taught
him from a boy, spoke to him of the
humility that should follow a great
affliction.
"My children are dead, sir, and every
hope of my life is destroyed; but the
last thing a Carlswood lays down is
what you are pleased to call his pride.”
But. the time came when he was
obliged to look to the future. The
Bralyn property was not entailed; it
had passed at times into the hands of
tiie male heirs of the daughters of the
house, the only stipulation being that
whoever reigned there must take the
title and name of Carlswood. In the
reign of Georgo the First, Francis
Carlswood. had three daughters, but
no sons: he was succeeded bv the sec
ond son of his eldest daughter, who
had married Lord Burton, and so the
succession was kept up.
But now Lord Carlswood looked
around him with a vague feeling of
fear and wonder as to who was to suc
ceed him. who was to carry on the
glories and the honors of the grand old
race. He had fio next of kin: there
was no stout, stalwart young cousin
whom he could summon as his heir,
and every drop of his ancient blood
rose in hot rebellion at the thought of
a stranger's reigning nt >t r ,lvn. What
wa be done? In great tribulation
Lord Carlswood sent for his lawyer,
j Mr. Ford, of Lincoln’s Inn.
Mr. Ford had been the family solicl-
I 'or for many years. When Miss
I Carlswood ran away from home he had
j begged her father to give her at least
j a small fortune, but the master of
! Bralyn had sternly refused. From his
] countless thousands he would not give
| one shilling.
’ Not even to save her life." he add
led: and Mr. Ford turned away with a
• sigh. After that he never dared to
I mention her name: and now. when his
lordship sent for him *o consult him.
he hesitated before sneaking.
"There is but one course I can sug
gest to your lordship, and that will not
please you."
‘ What is it?" was the brief ques
tion.
"I was unfortunate enough to Incur
your anger the last time I referred to
the matter. Nothing but the deepest
interest in your affairs Induces me to
risk a repetiion of the offense. Tour
lordship forgets that you have still a
daughter living.”
To be Continued.
MANY WENT OVER
' 4
LAST SUMMER’S OCEAN TRAINEE A
RECORD BREAKER. \
LINERS ALWAYS CROWDED
Over Seventy-five Million Dollars Said
to Have Been Carried Across the
Sea and Left by the 100,000 Ameri
cans Who Made the Charming Voy
age.'
. .
During the last season the trans-At
lantic liners carried from the United
States to Europe about 100,000 first and
second-class cabin passengers A small
percentage of these went to Europe to
stay, but the vast majority were mere
ly visitors and nearly all of them have
returned by this time. It has always
been claimed that the extreme carry
ing capacity of these steamers ' was
about 100,000 persons in one year, that
is to say, only that number of persons
could make an European trip in the
same year from the United States. This
statement appears to have been veri
fied in the year 1899, for every boat
that went to Europe early in the sum
mer had more than could be comfort
ably accommodated, and every boat
returning this fall was equally
crowded.
Several reasons for this great rush
to Europe are assigned by the agents of
the lines. The war with Spain kept
many persons at home in 1898 and two
persons’ business was crowded into
one. More persons go to Europe now
than ever before. Business relations
between the United States and foreign
countries are closer and more personal.
There are now more persons with
money and leisure for a foreign trip
than in the younger days of the na
tion, and the improvement in methods
of ocean going have stimulated travel.
During the ordinary rush of travel
there are occasional accidents. Steam
ship companies are prone to be lax in
complying with the maritime laws of
safety. With such a rush as there will
be next summer and with the unusual
number of vessels which will engage
in the business, it is evident that the
much-discussed question of interna
tional control of the highways >7 the
ocean becomes more pertin>r„ than
ever. Considering the number 'f per
sons who cross and the risks of deep
sea navigation, it is a remarkable fact
that #avel by sea is equally safe with
travel by land. When an accident
does occur, however, it is usually ac
companied by such shocking conditions
that people are appalled and forget the
hundreds of thousands of voyages
made without incident.
The boats of the big steamship com
panies travel regular courses, and the
chances of collision between them are
practically nil, but there is always the
element of danger in the irregular
tramp which goes up and down the
ocean as cargo, wind and tides, or the
fancy of her owner may dictate. With
the temptation away from the dock
with a load of passengers, the govern
ments concerned can well afford to be
most strict in all matters of inspec
tion and license. If the laws are per
fectly enforced, tiie dangers of sea
travel, even with a great number of
vessels, will be reduced to a minimum.
A large number of new excursion
schemes have also been originated
whereby a person of moderate means
can pay for an European tour on the
installment plan, and big agencies have
made it so easy and comparatively
cheap that a journey abroad is not as
formidable or expensive as one over
land from the Atlantic to the Pacific
coast.
A great rush of travel to Europe is
anticipated next year owing to the
holding of the French exposition. Some
persons to whom an European trip is a
yearly event, will very probably stay
at home to avoid the crowd. This will
b but a small percentage, however,
and will be more than offset by the old
world. The carrying capacity of the
vessels now in the business was tested
to the limit this year. How it is to be
expanded next year is a question.
Every steamer capable of carrying pas
sengers across the ocean will be com
missioned for the service, and the ac
commodations will be increased in that
way, for there are many tramp vessels
and vessels on less traveled lines which
can be utilized.
If the war between England and the
boers is continued any length of time
ii will affect their business, for Eng
land has drawn heavily upon the Eng
lish passenger lines for troop ships
and would doubtless retain them in
war service until peace was declared.
Many persons who have been counting
on an European trip for some time
past are already engaging their pas
sages for next summer, and steamship
agents say that this feature of their
business has never started so early or
with such volume as it has for the
coming season. If this is any indica
tion of what is to come there will be a
tremendous exodus abroa from the
United States early next spring.
The fear which haunts the captain
of a liner most persistently is that of
meeting a derelict. Six of these are
known to be floating about, and the
English government is considering the
fitting out of an expedition in which
other nations will be asked to join, to
search for those dangerous hulks and
sink them. It was last summer, one
day, in the hare of early morning, that
the lookout on the bridge of the
Lucania sighted straight ahead the
low lying hulk of a wrecked and
abandoned ship. She had been a lum
ber schooner. Storm and distress had
drowned nearly all her crew and the
survivors had been rescued by a pass
ling vessel. The abandoned vessel was
filled with lumber and could not sink,
but she is still rolling ffhout 'in the
wash of the Atlantic, her deck just
above the water and without masts or
other warning to approaching vessels.
Five other derelicts have been re
ported as seen this year, and the dan
ger from a possible collision in night
or fog weighs heavily on the skipper’s
.mind. With more Americans than
English concerned in the safety of the
oceanways, it would be more fitting
that the United States government
should take the in’tiative in an expedi
tion for their destruction. With all
the varying moods of the sea and all
the dangers to the landsman so appar
ently great, the passengers on an ocean
liner can always feel assured that his
chances of safety are greater than if he
was traveling a like distance upon
land. It is the unknown that inspires
fear, and the sea never admits even
familiars to compete confidence. To
those w f ho are most familiar the
moods and tenses of the wind and
water are disconcertingly capricious.
MARCONI ONLY 25 YEARS OLD.
Brief But Brilliant Career of the
Italian Inventor.
A few details as to the career of the
young Italian who has achieved so
much fame by his invention of a sys
tem of wireless telegraphy will be read
with interest.
Guglielmo Marconi was born at
Griffore, near Bologna, Italy, April 25,
1874, so he is now but 25 years of age.
From a boy he was keenly interested
in electricity, and during the period
that he was receiving education at a
school at Leghorn and at the Univer
sity of Bologna he showed great apti
tude for scientific work.
It was in 1895 that he first interested
himself in the subject of wireless
telegraphy, and during this year suc
ceeded in telegraphing without con
necting wires up to a distance of about'
two miles between two stations on his
father’s estate near Bologna.
In July, 1896, he left for England, and
at the outset met with an unfortunate
occurrence. His instruments were
mistaken by the Custom House author
ities for bombs and infernal machines;
they accordingly broke them up. It
was a bad beginning, and had Mr.
Marconi been superstitious he might
have taken it as a bad omen for the
future. However, he had another set
of instruments prepared, after time
and trouble, and made his first experi
ments in London at Westbourne Park.
Mr. Marconi was introduced to Mr.
Preece, then chief engineer to the Lon
don G. P. 0., and at his request made
some experiments between St. Mar
tin’s le Grand and the Thames em
bankment. These proved highly satis
factory. Mr. Marconi was asked to
make further trials on Salisbury
Plain. In May, 1897, the apparatus was
tried in the Bristol channel, and sig
nals were easily transmitted through
space between Lavernock Point and the
Flat Holm, and afterward between
Lavernock Point and Brean Down, a
distance of nine miles.
Subsequently Mr. Marconi went to
Rome at the invitation of the Italian
Government, and gave a series of exhi
bitions of his system at the Quirinal
before the King and Queen of Italy and
high Italian officials. It was deter
mined to put the method into practical
use at Spezzia. A station was erected
on land at the arsenal, and two Italian
battle ships were kept in constant
telegraphic communication with land
up to 12 miles from the place where
the apparatus was fixed.
Mr. Marconi says his system has
been in use in the Italian navy for two
years. A number of installations
have been erected and are working
along the coast, two of these being at
Spezzia.
The Italian government, anxious to
show that the saying “A prophet is not
without honor save in his own coun
try" does not apply in this case, has
conferred upon Mr. Marconi the honor
of knighthood.
OLDEST OF LIVING TONGUES.
Some of the Difficulties of Learning to
Speak Good Chinese.
The oldest spoken language now in
existence upon the earth is the Chinese.
It has an enormous list of words—the
estimate of the number of characters
range's from 25,000 to 200,000. The
language has no alphabet. Each char
acter represents a complete idea, and
corresponds, practically, to the Eng
lish word. It is written in columns
from top to bottom of the page and
from right to left. A Chinese book
ends where an English book begins.
Writing is done with a fine camel’s
hair brush and in India ink.
The lack of an alphabet and the
number of characters make learning
to read Chinese burdensome. Each
character must be learned by itself.
When the student has mastered 5,000
characters the succeeding thousands
must be learned in the same way.
Those which he has mastered furnish
no assistance to learning the others,
•mve as practice may hare given him a
certain quickness in perceiving the
peculiar form which distinguishes each
charcter from its fellows.
The grammar of the language is so
simple as to be almost nonexistent.
The same word serves indifferently as
a noun, verb, adverb or adjective.
Moods. tenses. persons. gender
and number are lacking; there
are neither conjugations nor
declensions. nor auxiliary verbs.
The few Chinese who have
attempted to master the English
tongue regard its grammatical con
struction as clumsy and full of pitfalls, j
The Chinese characters give no clue ,
to the pronouneiation. and no amount
of book study will enable a foreigner to j
speak the language. That ability must,
be acquired by months of drill, a quick
ear and great flexibility of the voal
organs. Even the most faithful effort
fails to enable many foreigners to
speak Chinese correctly.
Chester Hollomb, for many years in
terpreter to the United States legation
at Peking, from whose interesting
book, "The Real Chinaman,” we have
copied relates several anecdotes illus
trative of a foreigner's almost inevit
able blunders in speaking Chinese.
Mr. Holcoinb once heard a venerable
misisonary address the diety in prayer,
before a crowded Chinese audience, a3
“Oh, Thouvpmniverous God.” He meant
to say “cAiniscient,” but used an as
pirated instead of an unaspirated ch.
Another tfa’isgionary saw with aston
ishment the'audience hurriedly leave
his chapel, in response to what he
thought was an invitation from his
lips to be seated. An aspirated “t” had
turned the supposed speech of welcome
into the information that they had
made a mistake in entering the chapel.
In Chinese the tone in which a word
is spoken determines its meaning as
much as the sound does. For instance;
In Chinese a man ceases to be a man if
you change the tone of the voice in ut
tering the word, and may become a
disease, a nightingale, or a carrot.
One tone, and one only expresses man.
There are four of these tones in stand
ard or mandarin dialect —a high
curving inflection and a falling inflec
tion.
The sound “man,” if uttered in the
first tone, means brazen-faced; in the
second, to hide; in the third full, and
in the fourth slow. These four tones
are the occasions of absurd blunders.
A missionary once informed his
audience that the Savior, when on
earth, “went about eating cake.” He in
tended to say “healing the sick,” but
an aspirate wrongly placed changed
the healing into eating, while an error
in tone made cake out of the sick.
On one occasion, when Mr. Holcomb
was the host of a large dinner party,
he ordered his Chinese butler to sup
ply some small article that was not on
the table. The man seemed puzsled, I
then went out and returned with the I
kitchen upon a tray. The host had |
placed an aspirate wher it did not be
long.
At another time the cook was told
to buy a hundred “ladies’ fingers” for
an evening party. Two hours later he
entered the courtyard of the American
legation riding upon the shaft of a
Chinese cart, and reported that he had
been able to buy in Peking only six
teen “ladies’ fingers.” “Why did you
hire a cart?” he was asked. “To bring
them home —they weigh five or six
pounds each.”
Instead of tiny strips of sponce cake
to be served with ice cream he had
bought sixty-four fresh ox tongues. A
wrong tone of his master’s voice had
done the mischief. —Youth’s Com
panion.
NOVEMBER WORK.
November should have no idle days.
As opportunity offers, it will be well to
hurry the husking, in order to have it
over in case a long wet spell should ap
pear. In this, as in most farm work, it
is better to keep on the safe side of
chances. After the corn is husked and
stored in dry cribs, take time to look
after the stalks. If stacked properly
and conveniently, much work will be
saved, as well as much value in fodder.
At odd times give the farm a general
cleaning up, and burn litter or use it
for mulching shrubbery and fruit that
need protection. Prick out the cab
bage and cauliflower plants in cold
frames, made by inclosing shallow pits
with frames covered with window sash.
Avery slight protection is sufficient,
for cabbage plants are not affected by
frost or even by ordinary freezing.
Now that the leaves have fallen, we
can see how to shape the trees and
vines, and they can be trimmed now as
well as at any time. It is one of the
things that can be put off, and for this
reason is rarely done properly or at
the right time. Cut back the rasp
berry and blackberry vines to new
wood, and even trim them severely:
prune the grapes to three or four
buds, and insert the cuttings of both
grapes and currants into moist soil for
new stock. They root easily and are
always convenient for new plantings or
to replenish old stock that dies from
age or other causes. After the ground
Is well froozen mulch such trees and
shrubs as need protection. Finely
composted manure Is best for this pur
pose. In the spring this should be
spaded into the ground. Cover the
strawberry plants with clean straw or
marsh hay. which can be raked be
tween the rows in April and used as a
summer mulch. Choice grape vines
and any doubtfully hardy plants can
be laid down to the ground, or in
trenches, and covered with litter or
slight coating of earth. Clean out and
whitewash the poultry house, and pro
vide it with oyster shells and gravel
and a dust bath at one end. Cover the
main floor with leaves, and every day
scatter some wheat and corn among
them. This will keep the hens busy
scratching, and the exercise will not
only keep them warm, hut will make
them lay.—F. H. Sweet In Agricultural
Epitomist.
A WRINKLE IN RIDING HABITS.
Many women in this country who
are given to horseback riding are
adopting the English practice of hav
ing their habits made with the selv
edge of the cloth as a skirt finish. It
was found that in case of an accident
the skirt would tear easily to the hem
with Its rows of stitching, but that
more than once proved strong enough
to hold the unseated rider in a peril
ous position. New habits are made
perfectly plain, and ariose who own
skirts finished WBistitching are hav
ing the latter taken out