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THOUSANDS OF FACTORIES CLOSED BY FUEL ADMINISTRATION ORDER Sweeping Edict Suspends Business Activities for Five Days Beginning January 18 and for the Nine Mondays Following. COAL SHORTAGE CAUSE OF EXTREME STEP Washington, D. C. Commencing Friday, January 18, all industrial plants east of the Mississippi and in the states of Minnesota and Louisiana, excepting forty-three specified plants engaged in vital war work were closed for a period of five days upon order of Fuel Administrator Garfield. This is the most drastic and sweep ing fuel priority law ever issued by the government. Its purpose is to meet the coal famine. The same order fixes every Monday from January 28 to March 25, inclu sive, as a holiday. On such days all theaters and other places of amuse ment must close. Other non-esential business must curtail their activities. Several exceptions were made with regard to industries like blast fur naces, which would be ruined by any stoppage of their plants, and manufac turers of perishable foodstuffs. Newspapers are exempted entirely from four or five coalless days be tween January 18 and 22 inclusive, but are limited to one edition on the nine Mondays designated. To Protect Business. Every effort has been made by the government to carry out the order without undue interference with busi ness. The priority order was issued following a conference at the White House attended by the president, Fuel Administrator Garfield, Secretary of War Baker and Secretary of the Navy Daniels. Between temporarily suspending the vital war industries and meeting the drastic severity of the coal famine President Wilson chose the latter course. Administrator Garfield said that the order will not only prevent delivery of coal to all industries for the five-day period mentioned, but will prohibit the use on these days of any reserve sup plies. This is done in order that per manent relief may be obtained by re stocking supplies available for house hold and public utilities’ use. The Garfield curtailment order was signed in the teeth of a resolution passed a few moments before by the senate, demanding a postponement. Fifty out of the sixty-nine senators voting on it, favored its passage. Only nineteen voted in the negative. President Backs Garfield. At the same time Fuel Administrator Garfield, backed to the limit by Presi dent Wilson, issued a statement de fending the action taken and explain ing that it resulted not so much from a shortage of coal as from the almost .hopeless congestion of the railroads. It is estimated that between 5,000,000 and 10,000,000 workers, earning be tween $15,000,000 and $20,000,000 a day in wages, will be affected. Both Dr. Garfield and President Samuel Gompers of the American Federation of Labor, appealed to the employers not to curtail wages of men, but to pay them over the period of inactivity. A total loss of between $1,500,000,000 and $1,750,000,000 in wages and pro duction values combined was predict ed in the debate in the senate. Enforcement of toe order will be undertaken through the 3,000 state and county fuel administrators, scat tered through the area involved. At the suggestion of the navy de partment the building of destroyers, vitally needed to meet the forthcoming German undersea spring offensive, will mot be interrupted. Eleven of the ex emptions have to do with this matter alone. At the suggestion of the war depart ment three exemptions were decided upon. Under them, there Is to be no interruption in the manufacture of powder and heavy forgings needed for field guns. Text of Revised Order. The official text of the government coal restricting order as issued by Fuel Administrator Garfield follows: Regulations making provision for a ,more adequate supply of fuel for rail roads, domestic consumers, public •utilities and other uses necessary to the national security. The United States fuel administra tor, acting under the authority pf an (executive order of the presicVft of ithe United States, dated Aug. 2S, 1917, (appointing said administrator, jn fur therance of the purposes of said or der and of the purposes of the act of congress therein referred to approved Aug. 10, 1917, and finding it essential (effectively to carry out the provision of this act, to make provision for a more adequate supply of fuel for rail roads, domestic consumers, public utilities, and for other uses necessary How Long? “Mother,” said Freddie as he laid down a paper telling of the success of the French army, “how long would a fellow have to study to become a Frenchman, if he had a lot of talent?” —Youth’s Companion. Motorist’s Resentment. “Have you studied economy in the home?” “Yes,” replied Mr. Chuggins. *Tm tired of paying out all this money to keep up a cooking range, instead of spending it for gasoline.” to the national security in certain parts of the United States, hereby makes and prescribes the following regulation: Section 1. Until further orders of the United States fuel administrator, all persons fuel whatever all persons selling fuel in whatever capacity shall, in filling their con tracts for orders now on hand, give preference to necessary current re quirements of railroads, domestic con sumers, hospitals, charitable institu tions, army and navy cantonments, public utilities, by-product coke plants supplying gas for household uses, tel ephones and telegraph plants, ship ping for bunker purposes, the United States for strictly governmental pur poses (not including factories or plants working on contracts for the United States), manufacturers of per ishable food or of food for necessary immediate consumption and municipal, county or state governments for nec essary public uses. Any tonnage re maining after the foregoing preferred shipments have been made, may be applied in filling any other contracts or orders. Section 2. On the following days, namely Jan. 18, 19, 20, 21 and 22, 1918, the state fuel administrators and their accredited representatives in the vari ous communities in the territory in which this regulation applies, are here by empowered and directed to divert such fuel as arrives in communities in carload lots to keep current require ments and to provide an adequate and normal supply for such consumers of fuel as are specified in Section 1 hereof. Section 3. On the following days, namely, Jan. 18, 19, 20, 21 and 22, 1918, and also on each and every Monday beginning Jan. 28, 1918, and continu ing up to and including March 25, 1918, no manufacturer or manufacturing plant shall burn fuel or use power de rived from fuel for any purpose with the following exception: A. Plants wiiicli necessarily must be continuously operated seven days each week to avoid serious injury to the plant itself or its contents may use only such quantity of fuel as is necessary to prevent such injury to the plant or its contents. B. Manufacturers or plants manu facturing perishable food, or food for necessary immediate consumption. C. Manufacturers of food not per ishable and not necessary for imme diate consumption may burn fuel to the extent authorized by the fuel ad ministrator of the state in which such plant is located or by his fully author ized representative upon application by the United States food administra tor. D. Plants necessary to the printing and publication of daily papers may burn fuel and use power derived therefrom as usual, except that on ev ery Monday from Jan. 21, to March 25, 1918, inclusive, they may burn fuel, or use power derived therefrom only to such extent as is necessary to print and publish such editions as such plant customarily prints and publisher on legal holidays other than the Sab bath, or if such plants do not custom arily print or publish any edition on such legal holidays, they may burn fuel or use such power to such extent as is necessary to issue one edition on the said Monday. E. Printing establishments may burn fuel on Jan. 18, 19, 20, 21 and 22, 1918, to such extent as is necessary to issue current numbers of magazines and other publications, periodically is sued. Section 4. On each Monday begin ning Jan. 21, and continuing up to and including Monday, March 25, 1918, no fuel shall be burned (except to such an extent as is essential to prevent in jury to property, freezing for the pur pose of supplying heat for): A. Any business or professional of fices except offices used by the United States, state, county or municipal gov ernments, transportation companies, public utilities companies, telephone and telegraph companies, banks, trust companies, physicians or dentists. B. Wholesale or retail stores or any stores, business houses or business buildings whatever, except that for the purpose of selling food only, stores may maintain necessary heat on any of the specified days until 12 o’clock noon; and except that for the purpose of selling drugs and medical supplies only, stores may maintain necessary heat throughout the day and evening. C. Theaters, moving picture houses, bowling alleys, billiard rooms, private Devotion. Alice —Why are you taking up bot any? Kitty—Because my fiance is interested in a plant of some kind and I want to be able to converse intelli gently with him about his business.— Brooklyn Citizen. Beat Out the Others. The world generally gives its admi ration, not to the man who does what nobody else ever attempts to do, but to the man who does best what multi tudes do well.—Macaulay. NORTHERN WISCONSIN ADVERTISER, WABENO, WIS. or public dance halls or any other place of public amusement. Section 5. On each Monday begin ning Jan. 21, 1918, and continuing up to and including March 25, 1918, no fuel shall be burned for the purpose of heating rooms in which intoxicating liquor is sold or served on these days. (Nothing in this regulation shali be construed to forbid the heating of res taurants, hotels or other places in which meals are served, but in which no intoxicating liquor is sold or served on the said Mondays.) Section 6. No fuel shall be burned on any of the Mondays specified in the foregoing section for the purpose of supplying power for the movement of surface, elevated, subway or suburban trains in excess of the amount used on the Sunday previously thereto. Section 7. Nothing in this regula tion shall be construed to apply or af fect the operation of any mine or plant producing fuel nor shall this reg ulation be construed to forbid the heating of said rooms or offices or such portions of buildings as are used in connection with the production, trans portation or distribution of fuel Section 8. State fuel administrators and their represntatives spefically au thorized so to do, are hereby empow ered to grant such relief as may be essential to prevent injury to health or to prevent a disruption of or injury to property by fire or freezing. Section 9. This regulation is effec tive throughout the United States east of the Mississippi river, including the whole of the states of Louisiana and Minnesota. Section 10. Any person, firm, cor poration or association which violates or refuses to conform to the above regulation may be liable to the penal ty prescribed in the aforesaid act of congress. H. A. GARFIELD.” HITS 7,000 BADGER PLANTS. Effect of Closing Order Felt by 230,000 Workers in the State. Madison, Wis. —About two hundred and thirty thousand Wisconsin work ers will be affected by Fuel Adminis trator Garfield’s order, according to E. E. Witte, secretary of the Wisconsin industrial commission. It will hit some 7,000 plants in the state paying wages of $10,400,000 for the thirteen days included in the order. Nearly 2,500 plants in Milwaukee, with 125,000 employes, will be closed during the prescribed period. One of the regions that will be greatly af feoted is the Fox river valley with many factories. In Madison fourteen large factories and a dozen small ones' will be affected, employing roughly 10,000 hands, with a daily payroll of at least $12,000. In Sheboygan the order will affect 132 industries and 8,056 workers. Sixty-two hundred Beloit workmen are affected by the edict. Several shops have big stocks of fuel. The Fairbanks-Morse company has been furnishing 100 tons daily to workmen. The order will force 5,000 La Crosse working men to be idle, according to the estimate of the fuel administrator there. In Racine it is estimated that there are 15,000 hands employed by the 212 factories coming under the order. The county council of defense there hopes to get permission for the factories working on government orders to con tinue on them alone. The Horlick Malted Milk plant and the Wisconsin condensery at Burlington are sup posed to be in the excepted class. In the Michigan copper country ap proximately twenty mining companies and 20,000 employes in a community of 100,000 people are affected. An effort is being made to secure exemption for the copper mining companies from the order. Two Badgers Get Commissions. Washington John Henry Gatter dam, of La Crosse, and Walter Leo McNamara, of Mauston, were awarded commissions as first lieutenants in the dental reserve. Fuel Administrator Garfield, Who Issued Sweeping Order Good Reason. “Marla, you’ll never be able to drive that nail with a flat-iron. For heaven’s sakes use your head,” admonished Mr. Stubkins. And then he wondered why she would not speak to him the rest of the day.—Puck. “Safety First.” “Now, Willie, where was your father last night? Come, you must tell me the truth.” Willie —“I guess not, moth er. You can’t punish me as hard as ha can.” —Life. GARFIELD EXPLAINS ‘HEATLESS’ ORDER Declares Excess Output of Plants Clogged Roads. SHIPS NEEDED TO AID ALLIES Asserts Nation Must Pay Any Price to Clear Congestion on Lines So That Fuel Can Reach the Docks. Washington, Jan. 18. —Doctor Gar field issued the following statement explaining his ‘‘heatless day” order; “The most urgent thing to be done is to send to the American forces abroad and to the allies the food and war supplies which they vitally need. “War munitions, food, manufactured articles of every description, lie at our Atlantic ports in ten to tens of thou sands of tons, while literally hundreds of ships, waiting loaded with war goods for our men and the allies, cannot take the seas because bunkers are empty of coal. The coal to send them on their way is waiting behind a conges tion of freight that has jammed all terminals. Must Clear Docks. “It is worse than useless to bend our energies to more manufacturing when what we have already manufactured lies at tidewater congesting terminal facilities, jamming the railroad yards and side tracks for long distances back into the country. “No power on earth can move this freight into the war zone where it is needed until we supply the ships with fuel. “Once the docks are cleared of valu able freight, for which our men and associates in the war now wait in vain, then again our energies and power may be turned to manufacture more effi ciently than ever, so that a steady and uninterrupted stream of vital supplies may be this nation’s answer to the al lies’ cry for help. Excess Production to Blame. “It has been excess of production In our war-time speeding up that has done so much to cause congestion of our railroads, that has filled the freight yards (o overflow ; that has flooded the docks of our Atlantic ports with goods waiting to go abroad. “At tidewater the flood of freight was stopped. The ships were unable to complete the journey from our fac tories to the war depots behind the firing line. “Added to this has been difficulty of transporting coal for our own domes tic needs. On top of these difficulties has come one of the most terrible se vere winters we have known in years. “The wheels were choked and stopped ; zero weather has snow-bound trains; terminals congested, harbors with shipping frozen in rivers and canals impassable. It was useless to continue manufacture and pile confu sion on top of confusion. Effect on Mines Distastrous. “A clear line from the manufactur ing establishment to the seaboard and beyond—that was the imperative need. It was like soldiers marching to the front. The men of the foremost rank must have room to move. “More than a shock was needed to make a way through that congestion at the terminals and on the docks, so that the aid so vitally needed by the allies could get through. “The incidental effect of thfs trans portation system on coal production has been disastrous. There is, and al ways has been plenty of fuel, but it .cannot be moved to those places where !t is so badly needed while railroad lines and terminals are choked. “Throughout the coal fields scores, ven hnndreds of mines are lying idle because of railroads’ inability to sup ply the cars to carry away their prod ucts. Must Pay Any Cost. “Coal mines cannot operate withont cars. Cars cannot be supplied while the railroads are crippled by the pres ent freight congestion which keeps idle cars lying useless in the freight yards. “In the past week the production of coal has been disastrously reduced. Reports in some cases have shown 90 per cent of the mines in certain fields closed completely for the lack of cars. “This is war. Whatever the cost, we must pay it, so that in the face of the enemy there can never be the reproach that we held back from doing our full share. “Those ships laden with our supplies and our food for men and food for guns must have coal and put to sea.” rail wage body is named Commission Includes Sec. Lane, C. C. McChord, Judge Covington, Re publican Chairman Willcox. Washington, Jan. 19. —A special rail road wage commission to make a gen eral investigation o' the subject of railroad wages in the United States and to determine proper wage scales for different classes of railroud work ers has been appointed by Director General of Railroads McAdoo. Its members are: Franklin K. Lane, secretary of the interior. C. C. McChord, interstate commerce commissioner. J. Harry Covington, chief justice District of Columbia supreme court. William R. Willcox of New York, chairman of the Republican national committee. FRED B. PETERSON Fred B. Peterson, director of the bureau of imports of the war trade board, wields an effective war weapon in that he controls the licensing of imports. If a nation refuses to export any article to the United States, he has the power of refusing permission for it to send all other articles. He is from Wisconsin, where he is known as both a lawyer and a scientific farm er. He has traveled extensively in South America studying its resources and possibilities. RUSSIAN ARMY NEAR WAR WITH ROUMANIA Boisheviki Troops Demand Passage Through Jassy—Two-Hour Ulti matum Given. Petrograd, Jnn. 19. —A dangerous stage has arisen in the relations be tween Roumania and the boisheviki. A two-hour ultimatum has been sent to the Roumanian military authorities by the revolutionary committee of the Ninth Russian army, demanding free passage of Russian troops through Jassy, the temporary capital of Rou mania. Petrograd was declared under mar tial law by the boisheviki safety com mission. “All attempts at a revolt are to be vigorously suppressed,” the decree de clared. The Vechernia Vremya, which re sumed publication Tuesday afternoon for the first time since the boisheviki revolution, says Alexander P. Keren sky now is in Sweden. Petrograd. Jan. 18. —Boisheviki Pre mier Lenine signed an order for the arrest of King Ferdinand of Roumania, who is to be sent to Petrograd for im prisonment In the fortress of St. Peter and St. Paul. The order for the king’s arrest de scribes in detail the way it is to be carried out and in which the king is to be guarded. The boisheviki believe they have sufficient forces on the Roumanian front to carry it out. For several weeks there has been friction between Roumania and Rus sia. The trouble orginated with the attempts to spread the propaganda of the boisheviki in Roumania. It was charged by the Roumanians that Russian troops were guilty of dis orders. Recently Roumanian troops surrounded and disarmed a Russian regiment. The boisheviki government retali ated by arresting the Roumanian min ister in Petrograd, Constantine Dio mondi, although he was released on the demand of the diplomatic corps, head ed by United States Ambassador Fran cis. 36 GERMANS ARE INTERNED Dangerous Enemy Aliens Sent to Fort Oglethorpe Under Strong Military Guard. New York, Jan. 21. —Escorted by an armed military guard, 30 Germans, considered by federal authorities to be among the most dangerous enemy aliens in the United States, were taken from this city to Fort Oglethorpe, Ga., for internment for the duration of the war. Hugo Schmidt, former head of a branch of the Deutsche bank of Ber lin in this city, was in the party. SPOERMANN SENT TO PRISON German Arrested on Charge of Violat ing Alien Enemy Permit Goes to Penitentiary. Baltimore, Md., Jan. 21. —Walter Spoermann. thirty-one years old. who was arrested ten days ago near Lang ley aviation field, Virginia, by agents of the department of justice on the charge of violating his alien enemy permit, has been sent to a prison camp at Fort Oglethorpe, Ga. BRITISH WIN NAVAL BATTLE Turkish Cruiser Midulla Sunk and the Selim Beached in Fight at En trance to Dardanelles. London. Jan. 21.—1n a naval action between British and Turkish forces at the entrance to the Dardanelles the Turkish cruiser Midulla, formerly the German Breslau, was sunk and the Sultan Yawuz Selim, formerly the German Goeben, was beached. This announcement was made by the admiralty. GENERAL STRIKE ON IN AUSTRIA Strikers Are Openly Anti-German -—Demand Peace. BIG DEMONSTRATIONS HELD Constituent Assembly at Petrograd Dissolved by the Boisheviki Au thorities—Many Killed and Wounded at Moscow. London, Jan. 21. —A general strike is on throughout Austria, according to an Exchange Telegraph dispatch from Paris, which reports that 100,(XX) men. have quit work in Vienna and Neu stadt, closing down all the war fac tories. The strikers are described as openly anti-Gernmn and the movement as both political and economic and espe cially aimed at securing peace. Public demonstrations, it is added, have been held in many places at which hostility was voiced toward Ber lin for trying to force the Austrians to continue the war. Boisheviki Dissolve Assembly. Petrograd, Jan. 21. —The constituent assembly has been dissolved by the boisheviki authorities, it is officially announced. Sailor guards closed the assembly at four o’clock in the morn ing and a decree of dissolution will be issued, rlie official statement says. The text reads: “When the constituent assembly voted against the declaration made by the president of the central execu tive committee after an hour’s de liberation, the boisheviki left the hall and were followed by the social revo lutionists of the left on the assembly’s showing its unwillingness to approve the matter in which the peace pour parlers were being conducted. At four o’clock the constituent assembly was dissolved by sailors. A decree dissolv ing the assembly will be published.” Meanwhile, the all-Russian railway men’s congress has adopted, by a vote of 273 to Cl, a resolution supporting the constituent assembly and calling upon the people’s commissioners to agree with the majority with a view to the formation of a government re sponsible to the assembly. From Moscow it is reported that many persons were wounded and oth ers killed as the result of the red guard firing on demonstrators there in favor of the constituent assembly. M’ADOO FOR EARLY RAIL LAW Wants Action Before New Liberty Loan—Would Satisfy Investors of Stability of Holdings. Washington, Jan. 21. —William G. McAdoo, secretary of the treasury and director general of the railroads of the United States, wishes to market $lO,- 000,000.000 of Liberty bonds before June 30, which will be the end of the fiscal year. Properly to stabilize the nation’s finance, he explained to the senate interstate commerce committee, so that the proposed Liberty loan can be floated, it will be necessary for con gress speedily to enact the administra tion railroad bill. The legislation lie pleaded for, he said, would clarify the financial situ ation by insuring the holders of the railroad stocks and bonds their cus tomary returns from their investments. If the bill should not be enacted, he pointed out, the money and security markets would remain disturbed and make it difficult to float the proposed $10,000,000,000 Liberty bond issue. Mr. McAdoo urged that the ap propriation of $500,000,000 in the bill be retained, to enable the govern ment to increase facilities or make good deficiencies, although he hoped it would not be necessary to use the Ynoney for this purpose. SHIPS GET COAL AT N. Y. Traffic in Huge Eastern District Speeds Up When Industries Slow Down. New York, Jan. 19.—Distinct im provement in the coal situation is noted here with regard both to the movement of cars and the bunkering of ships. More than 100 vessels await fuel. Coaling of them was regarded of first importance and, despite un favorable conditions, many more steamships today were actually pre pared to go to sea than on any day in the last week. According to A. H. Smith, assistant director general of railroads, the de termination to observe the instructions of the government is steadily reliev ing congestion throughout the New York territory. OSTEND SHELLED BY ALLIES Belgian City Being Bombarded by Naval Forces, Says Report From Berlin. Berlin. Jan. 21. —Ostend, on the Bel gian coast, has been bombarded by naval force?, it was announced in the army headquarter’s report. Considerable artillery fighting oc curred at various points along the western front, the British fire being especially intense south of the Scarpe, while on the French front there were bursts of activity In the Verdun sec tor and on both sides of the Bhine* Marne canaL