THOUSANDS OF FACTORIES CLOSED
BY FUEL ADMINISTRATION ORDER
Sweeping Edict Suspends Business Activities for
Five Days Beginning January 18 and for
the Nine Mondays Following.
COAL SHORTAGE CAUSE OF EXTREME STEP
Washington, D. C. Commencing
Friday, January 18, all industrial
plants east of the Mississippi and in
the states of Minnesota and Louisiana,
excepting forty-three specified plants
engaged in vital war work were closed
for a period of five days upon order of
Fuel Administrator Garfield.
This is the most drastic and sweep
ing fuel priority law ever issued by
the government. Its purpose is to
meet the coal famine.
The same order fixes every Monday
from January 28 to March 25, inclu
sive, as a holiday. On such days all
theaters and other places of amuse
ment must close. Other non-esential
business must curtail their activities.
Several exceptions were made with
regard to industries like blast fur
naces, which would be ruined by any
stoppage of their plants, and manufac
turers of perishable foodstuffs.
Newspapers are exempted entirely
from four or five coalless days be
tween January 18 and 22 inclusive, but
are limited to one edition on the nine
Mondays designated.
To Protect Business.
Every effort has been made by the
government to carry out the order
without undue interference with busi
ness. The priority order was issued
following a conference at the White
House attended by the president, Fuel
Administrator Garfield, Secretary of
War Baker and Secretary of the Navy
Daniels.
Between temporarily suspending the
vital war industries and meeting the
drastic severity of the coal famine
President Wilson chose the latter
course.
Administrator Garfield said that the
order will not only prevent delivery of
coal to all industries for the five-day
period mentioned, but will prohibit the
use on these days of any reserve sup
plies. This is done in order that per
manent relief may be obtained by re
stocking supplies available for house
hold and public utilities’ use.
The Garfield curtailment order was
signed in the teeth of a resolution
passed a few moments before by the
senate, demanding a postponement.
Fifty out of the sixty-nine senators
voting on it, favored its passage. Only
nineteen voted in the negative.
President Backs Garfield.
At the same time Fuel Administrator
Garfield, backed to the limit by Presi
dent Wilson, issued a statement de
fending the action taken and explain
ing that it resulted not so much from
a shortage of coal as from the almost
.hopeless congestion of the railroads.
It is estimated that between 5,000,000
and 10,000,000 workers, earning be
tween $15,000,000 and $20,000,000 a
day in wages, will be affected. Both
Dr. Garfield and President Samuel
Gompers of the American Federation
of Labor, appealed to the employers
not to curtail wages of men, but to
pay them over the period of inactivity.
A total loss of between $1,500,000,000
and $1,750,000,000 in wages and pro
duction values combined was predict
ed in the debate in the senate.
Enforcement of toe order will be
undertaken through the 3,000 state
and county fuel administrators, scat
tered through the area involved.
At the suggestion of the navy de
partment the building of destroyers,
vitally needed to meet the forthcoming
German undersea spring offensive, will
mot be interrupted. Eleven of the ex
emptions have to do with this matter
alone.
At the suggestion of the war depart
ment three exemptions were decided
upon. Under them, there Is to be no
interruption in the manufacture of
powder and heavy forgings needed for
field guns.
Text of Revised Order.
The official text of the government
coal restricting order as issued by
Fuel Administrator Garfield follows:
Regulations making provision for a
,more adequate supply of fuel for rail
roads, domestic consumers, public
•utilities and other uses necessary to
the national security.
The United States fuel administra
tor, acting under the authority pf an
(executive order of the presicVft of
ithe United States, dated Aug. 2S, 1917,
(appointing said administrator, jn fur
therance of the purposes of said or
der and of the purposes of the act of
congress therein referred to approved
Aug. 10, 1917, and finding it essential
(effectively to carry out the provision
of this act, to make provision for a
more adequate supply of fuel for rail
roads, domestic consumers, public
utilities, and for other uses necessary
How Long?
“Mother,” said Freddie as he laid
down a paper telling of the success of
the French army, “how long would a
fellow have to study to become a
Frenchman, if he had a lot of talent?”
—Youth’s Companion.
Motorist’s Resentment.
“Have you studied economy in the
home?” “Yes,” replied Mr. Chuggins.
*Tm tired of paying out all this money
to keep up a cooking range, instead of
spending it for gasoline.”
to the national security in certain
parts of the United States, hereby
makes and prescribes the following
regulation:
Section 1. Until further orders of
the United States fuel administrator,
all persons fuel whatever
all persons selling fuel in whatever
capacity shall, in filling their con
tracts for orders now on hand, give
preference to necessary current re
quirements of railroads, domestic con
sumers, hospitals, charitable institu
tions, army and navy cantonments,
public utilities, by-product coke plants
supplying gas for household uses, tel
ephones and telegraph plants, ship
ping for bunker purposes, the United
States for strictly governmental pur
poses (not including factories or
plants working on contracts for the
United States), manufacturers of per
ishable food or of food for necessary
immediate consumption and municipal,
county or state governments for nec
essary public uses. Any tonnage re
maining after the foregoing preferred
shipments have been made, may be
applied in filling any other contracts
or orders.
Section 2. On the following days,
namely Jan. 18, 19, 20, 21 and 22, 1918,
the state fuel administrators and their
accredited representatives in the vari
ous communities in the territory in
which this regulation applies, are here
by empowered and directed to divert
such fuel as arrives in communities in
carload lots to keep current require
ments and to provide an adequate and
normal supply for such consumers of
fuel as are specified in Section 1
hereof.
Section 3. On the following days,
namely, Jan. 18, 19, 20, 21 and 22, 1918,
and also on each and every Monday
beginning Jan. 28, 1918, and continu
ing up to and including March 25, 1918,
no manufacturer or manufacturing
plant shall burn fuel or use power de
rived from fuel for any purpose with
the following exception:
A. Plants wiiicli necessarily must
be continuously operated seven days
each week to avoid serious injury to
the plant itself or its contents may
use only such quantity of fuel as is
necessary to prevent such injury to
the plant or its contents.
B. Manufacturers or plants manu
facturing perishable food, or food for
necessary immediate consumption.
C. Manufacturers of food not per
ishable and not necessary for imme
diate consumption may burn fuel to
the extent authorized by the fuel ad
ministrator of the state in which such
plant is located or by his fully author
ized representative upon application
by the United States food administra
tor.
D. Plants necessary to the printing
and publication of daily papers may
burn fuel and use power derived
therefrom as usual, except that on ev
ery Monday from Jan. 21, to March 25,
1918, inclusive, they may burn fuel,
or use power derived therefrom only to
such extent as is necessary to print
and publish such editions as such
plant customarily prints and publisher
on legal holidays other than the Sab
bath, or if such plants do not custom
arily print or publish any edition on
such legal holidays, they may burn
fuel or use such power to such extent
as is necessary to issue one edition on
the said Monday.
E. Printing establishments may
burn fuel on Jan. 18, 19, 20, 21 and 22,
1918, to such extent as is necessary to
issue current numbers of magazines
and other publications, periodically is
sued.
Section 4. On each Monday begin
ning Jan. 21, and continuing up to and
including Monday, March 25, 1918, no
fuel shall be burned (except to such
an extent as is essential to prevent in
jury to property, freezing for the pur
pose of supplying heat for):
A. Any business or professional of
fices except offices used by the United
States, state, county or municipal gov
ernments, transportation companies,
public utilities companies, telephone
and telegraph companies, banks, trust
companies, physicians or dentists.
B. Wholesale or retail stores or any
stores, business houses or business
buildings whatever, except that for the
purpose of selling food only, stores
may maintain necessary heat on any
of the specified days until 12 o’clock
noon; and except that for the purpose
of selling drugs and medical supplies
only, stores may maintain necessary
heat throughout the day and evening.
C. Theaters, moving picture houses,
bowling alleys, billiard rooms, private
Devotion.
Alice —Why are you taking up bot
any? Kitty—Because my fiance is
interested in a plant of some kind and
I want to be able to converse intelli
gently with him about his business.—
Brooklyn Citizen.
Beat Out the Others.
The world generally gives its admi
ration, not to the man who does what
nobody else ever attempts to do, but
to the man who does best what multi
tudes do well.—Macaulay.
NORTHERN WISCONSIN ADVERTISER, WABENO, WIS.
or public dance halls or any other
place of public amusement.
Section 5. On each Monday begin
ning Jan. 21, 1918, and continuing up
to and including March 25, 1918, no
fuel shall be burned for the purpose
of heating rooms in which intoxicating
liquor is sold or served on these days.
(Nothing in this regulation shali be
construed to forbid the heating of res
taurants, hotels or other places in
which meals are served, but in which
no intoxicating liquor is sold or served
on the said Mondays.)
Section 6. No fuel shall be burned
on any of the Mondays specified in the
foregoing section for the purpose of
supplying power for the movement of
surface, elevated, subway or suburban
trains in excess of the amount used
on the Sunday previously thereto.
Section 7. Nothing in this regula
tion shall be construed to apply or af
fect the operation of any mine or
plant producing fuel nor shall this reg
ulation be construed to forbid the
heating of said rooms or offices or such
portions of buildings as are used in
connection with the production, trans
portation or distribution of fuel
Section 8. State fuel administrators
and their represntatives spefically au
thorized so to do, are hereby empow
ered to grant such relief as may be
essential to prevent injury to health
or to prevent a disruption of or injury
to property by fire or freezing.
Section 9. This regulation is effec
tive throughout the United States east
of the Mississippi river, including the
whole of the states of Louisiana and
Minnesota.
Section 10. Any person, firm, cor
poration or association which violates
or refuses to conform to the above
regulation may be liable to the penal
ty prescribed in the aforesaid act of
congress. H. A. GARFIELD.”
HITS 7,000 BADGER PLANTS.
Effect of Closing Order Felt by 230,000
Workers in the State.
Madison, Wis. —About two hundred
and thirty thousand Wisconsin work
ers will be affected by Fuel Adminis
trator Garfield’s order, according to E.
E. Witte, secretary of the Wisconsin
industrial commission. It will hit
some 7,000 plants in the state paying
wages of $10,400,000 for the thirteen
days included in the order.
Nearly 2,500 plants in Milwaukee,
with 125,000 employes, will be closed
during the prescribed period. One of
the regions that will be greatly af
feoted is the Fox river valley with
many factories. In Madison fourteen
large factories and a dozen small ones'
will be affected, employing roughly
10,000 hands, with a daily payroll of at
least $12,000. In Sheboygan the order
will affect 132 industries and 8,056
workers.
Sixty-two hundred Beloit workmen
are affected by the edict. Several
shops have big stocks of fuel. The
Fairbanks-Morse company has been
furnishing 100 tons daily to workmen.
The order will force 5,000 La Crosse
working men to be idle, according to
the estimate of the fuel administrator
there.
In Racine it is estimated that there
are 15,000 hands employed by the 212
factories coming under the order. The
county council of defense there hopes
to get permission for the factories
working on government orders to con
tinue on them alone. The Horlick
Malted Milk plant and the Wisconsin
condensery at Burlington are sup
posed to be in the excepted class.
In the Michigan copper country ap
proximately twenty mining companies
and 20,000 employes in a community of
100,000 people are affected. An effort
is being made to secure exemption for
the copper mining companies from the
order.
Two Badgers Get Commissions.
Washington John Henry Gatter
dam, of La Crosse, and Walter Leo
McNamara, of Mauston, were awarded
commissions as first lieutenants in
the dental reserve.
Fuel Administrator Garfield,
Who Issued Sweeping Order
Good Reason.
“Marla, you’ll never be able to drive
that nail with a flat-iron. For heaven’s
sakes use your head,” admonished Mr.
Stubkins. And then he wondered why
she would not speak to him the rest
of the day.—Puck.
“Safety First.”
“Now, Willie, where was your father
last night? Come, you must tell me
the truth.” Willie —“I guess not, moth
er. You can’t punish me as hard as
ha can.” —Life.
GARFIELD EXPLAINS
‘HEATLESS’ ORDER
Declares Excess Output of Plants
Clogged Roads.
SHIPS NEEDED TO AID ALLIES
Asserts Nation Must Pay Any Price
to Clear Congestion on Lines
So That Fuel Can Reach
the Docks.
Washington, Jan. 18. —Doctor Gar
field issued the following statement
explaining his ‘‘heatless day” order;
“The most urgent thing to be done
is to send to the American forces
abroad and to the allies the food and
war supplies which they vitally need.
“War munitions, food, manufactured
articles of every description, lie at our
Atlantic ports in ten to tens of thou
sands of tons, while literally hundreds
of ships, waiting loaded with war goods
for our men and the allies, cannot take
the seas because bunkers are empty
of coal. The coal to send them on
their way is waiting behind a conges
tion of freight that has jammed all
terminals.
Must Clear Docks.
“It is worse than useless to bend our
energies to more manufacturing when
what we have already manufactured
lies at tidewater congesting terminal
facilities, jamming the railroad yards
and side tracks for long distances back
into the country.
“No power on earth can move this
freight into the war zone where it is
needed until we supply the ships with
fuel.
“Once the docks are cleared of valu
able freight, for which our men and
associates in the war now wait in vain,
then again our energies and power may
be turned to manufacture more effi
ciently than ever, so that a steady and
uninterrupted stream of vital supplies
may be this nation’s answer to the al
lies’ cry for help.
Excess Production to Blame.
“It has been excess of production In
our war-time speeding up that has done
so much to cause congestion of our
railroads, that has filled the freight
yards (o overflow ; that has flooded the
docks of our Atlantic ports with goods
waiting to go abroad.
“At tidewater the flood of freight
was stopped. The ships were unable
to complete the journey from our fac
tories to the war depots behind the
firing line.
“Added to this has been difficulty of
transporting coal for our own domes
tic needs. On top of these difficulties
has come one of the most terrible se
vere winters we have known in years.
“The wheels were choked and
stopped ; zero weather has snow-bound
trains; terminals congested, harbors
with shipping frozen in rivers and
canals impassable. It was useless to
continue manufacture and pile confu
sion on top of confusion.
Effect on Mines Distastrous.
“A clear line from the manufactur
ing establishment to the seaboard and
beyond—that was the imperative need.
It was like soldiers marching to the
front. The men of the foremost rank
must have room to move.
“More than a shock was needed to
make a way through that congestion
at the terminals and on the docks, so
that the aid so vitally needed by the
allies could get through.
“The incidental effect of thfs trans
portation system on coal production
has been disastrous. There is, and al
ways has been plenty of fuel, but it
.cannot be moved to those places where
!t is so badly needed while railroad
lines and terminals are choked.
“Throughout the coal fields scores,
ven hnndreds of mines are lying idle
because of railroads’ inability to sup
ply the cars to carry away their prod
ucts.
Must Pay Any Cost.
“Coal mines cannot operate withont
cars. Cars cannot be supplied while
the railroads are crippled by the pres
ent freight congestion which keeps
idle cars lying useless in the freight
yards.
“In the past week the production of
coal has been disastrously reduced.
Reports in some cases have shown 90
per cent of the mines in certain fields
closed completely for the lack of cars.
“This is war. Whatever the cost, we
must pay it, so that in the face of the
enemy there can never be the reproach
that we held back from doing our full
share.
“Those ships laden with our supplies
and our food for men and food for
guns must have coal and put to sea.”
rail wage body is named
Commission Includes Sec. Lane, C. C.
McChord, Judge Covington, Re
publican Chairman Willcox.
Washington, Jan. 19. —A special rail
road wage commission to make a gen
eral investigation o' the subject of
railroad wages in the United States
and to determine proper wage scales
for different classes of railroud work
ers has been appointed by Director
General of Railroads McAdoo.
Its members are:
Franklin K. Lane, secretary of the
interior.
C. C. McChord, interstate commerce
commissioner.
J. Harry Covington, chief justice
District of Columbia supreme court.
William R. Willcox of New York,
chairman of the Republican national
committee.
FRED B. PETERSON
Fred B. Peterson, director of the
bureau of imports of the war trade
board, wields an effective war weapon
in that he controls the licensing of
imports. If a nation refuses to export
any article to the United States, he
has the power of refusing permission
for it to send all other articles. He is
from Wisconsin, where he is known
as both a lawyer and a scientific farm
er. He has traveled extensively in
South America studying its resources
and possibilities.
RUSSIAN ARMY NEAR
WAR WITH ROUMANIA
Boisheviki Troops Demand Passage
Through Jassy—Two-Hour Ulti
matum Given.
Petrograd, Jnn. 19. —A dangerous
stage has arisen in the relations be
tween Roumania and the boisheviki.
A two-hour ultimatum has been sent
to the Roumanian military authorities
by the revolutionary committee of the
Ninth Russian army, demanding free
passage of Russian troops through
Jassy, the temporary capital of Rou
mania.
Petrograd was declared under mar
tial law by the boisheviki safety com
mission.
“All attempts at a revolt are to be
vigorously suppressed,” the decree de
clared.
The Vechernia Vremya, which re
sumed publication Tuesday afternoon
for the first time since the boisheviki
revolution, says Alexander P. Keren
sky now is in Sweden.
Petrograd. Jan. 18. —Boisheviki Pre
mier Lenine signed an order for the
arrest of King Ferdinand of Roumania,
who is to be sent to Petrograd for im
prisonment In the fortress of St. Peter
and St. Paul.
The order for the king’s arrest de
scribes in detail the way it is to be
carried out and in which the king is
to be guarded.
The boisheviki believe they have
sufficient forces on the Roumanian
front to carry it out.
For several weeks there has been
friction between Roumania and Rus
sia. The trouble orginated with the
attempts to spread the propaganda of
the boisheviki in Roumania.
It was charged by the Roumanians
that Russian troops were guilty of dis
orders. Recently Roumanian troops
surrounded and disarmed a Russian
regiment.
The boisheviki government retali
ated by arresting the Roumanian min
ister in Petrograd, Constantine Dio
mondi, although he was released on the
demand of the diplomatic corps, head
ed by United States Ambassador Fran
cis.
36 GERMANS ARE INTERNED
Dangerous Enemy Aliens Sent to Fort
Oglethorpe Under Strong
Military Guard.
New York, Jan. 21. —Escorted by an
armed military guard, 30 Germans,
considered by federal authorities to
be among the most dangerous enemy
aliens in the United States, were taken
from this city to Fort Oglethorpe, Ga.,
for internment for the duration of the
war. Hugo Schmidt, former head of
a branch of the Deutsche bank of Ber
lin in this city, was in the party.
SPOERMANN SENT TO PRISON
German Arrested on Charge of Violat
ing Alien Enemy Permit Goes
to Penitentiary.
Baltimore, Md., Jan. 21. —Walter
Spoermann. thirty-one years old. who
was arrested ten days ago near Lang
ley aviation field, Virginia, by agents
of the department of justice on the
charge of violating his alien enemy
permit, has been sent to a prison camp
at Fort Oglethorpe, Ga.
BRITISH WIN NAVAL BATTLE
Turkish Cruiser Midulla Sunk and the
Selim Beached in Fight at En
trance to Dardanelles.
London. Jan. 21.—1n a naval action
between British and Turkish forces
at the entrance to the Dardanelles
the Turkish cruiser Midulla, formerly
the German Breslau, was sunk and
the Sultan Yawuz Selim, formerly
the German Goeben, was beached.
This announcement was made by the
admiralty.
GENERAL STRIKE
ON IN AUSTRIA
Strikers Are Openly Anti-German
-—Demand Peace.
BIG DEMONSTRATIONS HELD
Constituent Assembly at Petrograd
Dissolved by the Boisheviki Au
thorities—Many Killed and
Wounded at Moscow.
London, Jan. 21. —A general strike
is on throughout Austria, according to
an Exchange Telegraph dispatch from
Paris, which reports that 100,(XX) men.
have quit work in Vienna and Neu
stadt, closing down all the war fac
tories.
The strikers are described as openly
anti-Gernmn and the movement as
both political and economic and espe
cially aimed at securing peace.
Public demonstrations, it is added,
have been held in many places at
which hostility was voiced toward Ber
lin for trying to force the Austrians
to continue the war.
Boisheviki Dissolve Assembly.
Petrograd, Jan. 21. —The constituent
assembly has been dissolved by the
boisheviki authorities, it is officially
announced. Sailor guards closed the
assembly at four o’clock in the morn
ing and a decree of dissolution will be
issued, rlie official statement says. The
text reads:
“When the constituent assembly
voted against the declaration made
by the president of the central execu
tive committee after an hour’s de
liberation, the boisheviki left the hall
and were followed by the social revo
lutionists of the left on the assembly’s
showing its unwillingness to approve
the matter in which the peace pour
parlers were being conducted. At four
o’clock the constituent assembly was
dissolved by sailors. A decree dissolv
ing the assembly will be published.”
Meanwhile, the all-Russian railway
men’s congress has adopted, by a vote
of 273 to Cl, a resolution supporting
the constituent assembly and calling
upon the people’s commissioners to
agree with the majority with a view
to the formation of a government re
sponsible to the assembly.
From Moscow it is reported that
many persons were wounded and oth
ers killed as the result of the red
guard firing on demonstrators there in
favor of the constituent assembly.
M’ADOO FOR EARLY RAIL LAW
Wants Action Before New Liberty
Loan—Would Satisfy Investors of
Stability of Holdings.
Washington, Jan. 21. —William G.
McAdoo, secretary of the treasury and
director general of the railroads of the
United States, wishes to market $lO,-
000,000.000 of Liberty bonds before
June 30, which will be the end of the
fiscal year.
Properly to stabilize the nation’s
finance, he explained to the senate
interstate commerce committee, so
that the proposed Liberty loan can be
floated, it will be necessary for con
gress speedily to enact the administra
tion railroad bill.
The legislation lie pleaded for, he
said, would clarify the financial situ
ation by insuring the holders of the
railroad stocks and bonds their cus
tomary returns from their investments.
If the bill should not be enacted, he
pointed out, the money and security
markets would remain disturbed and
make it difficult to float the proposed
$10,000,000,000 Liberty bond issue.
Mr. McAdoo urged that the ap
propriation of $500,000,000 in the bill
be retained, to enable the govern
ment to increase facilities or make
good deficiencies, although he hoped
it would not be necessary to use the
Ynoney for this purpose.
SHIPS GET COAL AT N. Y.
Traffic in Huge Eastern District
Speeds Up When Industries
Slow Down.
New York, Jan. 19.—Distinct im
provement in the coal situation is
noted here with regard both to the
movement of cars and the bunkering
of ships. More than 100 vessels await
fuel. Coaling of them was regarded
of first importance and, despite un
favorable conditions, many more
steamships today were actually pre
pared to go to sea than on any day
in the last week.
According to A. H. Smith, assistant
director general of railroads, the de
termination to observe the instructions
of the government is steadily reliev
ing congestion throughout the New
York territory.
OSTEND SHELLED BY ALLIES
Belgian City Being Bombarded by
Naval Forces, Says Report From
Berlin.
Berlin. Jan. 21. —Ostend, on the Bel
gian coast, has been bombarded by
naval force?, it was announced in the
army headquarter’s report.
Considerable artillery fighting oc
curred at various points along the
western front, the British fire being
especially intense south of the Scarpe,
while on the French front there were
bursts of activity In the Verdun sec
tor and on both sides of the Bhine*
Marne canaL