M Forest
forking lEHM
n PICITVS €wmSmmmßMMm
NY disposition on the
fpart of the owners
either of forested tracts
or areas suitable tor
reforestation must. In
the large majority of
instances, be prompted
by the expectation of
financial gain. A few
cases where this does
not hold, embrace land
|| owned by the state,
J)E water companies In a
feW Instances, clubs
and a small number of
individuals. To this latter group of
owners, the Income from their hold
ings Is not as Important as the pur
pose to which a well-forested and
properly managed area will be put,
whether It be for Its utility or aesthet
ic value. The large majority Includes
lumbermen, and owners of smaller
areas, who have made their Invest
ment upon a strictly business basis,
and who expect a suitable return
from the same. If the forester can
-show the possibility of such a return,
and at the same time provide for the
preservation and Improvement of the
stand, he then advances the practical
side of the practice of his art.
He may be dealing either with a
large area. Involving many conditions
as to topography, character of timber,
rate of growth, etc., necessitating dif
ferent methods of cutting to obtain
desirable reproduction, a future sup
ply of stock, protection from windfall
and fire, or, he may have simply a
wood lot problem to solve. In either
case. It Is the results that owners are
I
looking for, and not an opportunity to Invest
their time and money for the advancement of for
estry for Its own sake. It la here that the forester
has an opportunity to show that his work and Its
results are eminently practical, that a desirable
return le possible; both Immediate from the sal©
of the product, and remote from the Increased and
accumulating growth, as well as the Improvement
of the quality of the timber, together with the
growing and the reproductive capacity of the soil.
In a planting proposition, the return Is neces
sarily remote. If, however. It can be shown that
an area, now producing 1 per cent., for example.
Is capable of returning 3 per cent, per annum,
compound Interest, at the final harvest In 40
years, after deducting with Interest, the Initial
cost of stock and planting, together with taxes
and fire protection for the full period. Is It not
good business policy for many owners, whether
Individual or company, to make such an Invest
ment? It will be argued that only owners that
are able to hold an area permanently will care to
wait 40 years for a return, and that very few In
dividuals would consent to an Investment In which
the returns are deferred for so long a time. This
Is true In almost all cases. There are, however,
conditions which make such an Investment de
sirable. it Is not at all uncommon for plantations
to be made, protected, and allowed to mature, in
order that the returns may be enjoyed by the
next generation of a family, or have them take
the place of a life insurance policy.
In practicing forestry. It must be realized at the
outset that an Investment either of money or
marketable material left standing Is necessary.
The former Includes tno extra cost of marking the
timber to be removed, care In protection of the
young growth, fire protection. Including piling
coniferous tops and patrol, and a slight Increase
In the coat of logging per thousand feet, as the
larger the amount of timber removed from a given
area the less Is the cost per unit. Unless a clear
cutting system Is employed, some marketable
material must be left on the area cut over both
for seeding and In some cases for protecting the
seed trees from windfall. This comes under the
latter form of Investment—namely, merchantable
material. In return for this Investment of mer
chantable material, the condition of the forest Is
improved. Instead of removing all of the valu
able species and leaving the area to reproduce
the undesirable and less valuable, the reproduc
tion of desirable species Is provided for, and the
future value of the area Increased.
For the successful operation of a working plan
and the possibility of carrying it out for the full
period specified, it is necessary for the forester
apd owner to meet on common ground. First of
#ll, the forester must get the point of view of
the owner, and arrive at a full understanding of
his wishes and plans. This means that he cannot
always provide for or obtain the results that may
be most desirable from a scientific point of view.
Many thoroughly desirable silvicultural operations
must he Ignored, for example, an Improvement
thinning may be scientifically necessary, but If
there Is no market for the material, and the own
er does not wish to bear the expense, the opera
tion must be delayed until the material reaches a
marketable size. The first thing, then, la for the
forester to meet the owner’s wishes, making such
Knew Sweets of Liberty
Negro Burglar’s Touching Explanation
of Why He Gave the Canary
Its Freedom.
It should be premised that this story
is absolutely true—even if It doesn’t
sound that way. A few days before
Lieutenant. Faurot, in charge of the
finger print department at police heatK'
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RFUJ ‘ JU
derstand these conditions thoroughly, and the de
mands of a region, may mean the financial fail
ure of a plan. Oftentimes these local conditions
preclude the possibility of certain provisions high
ly desirable from a technical standpoint, but
which for practical reasons are Impossible. In
other words, the practical must be given full con
sideration along with the technical.
With complete co-operation between forester
and owner, and a disposition on the part of both
to make the necessary sacrifices, together with
an understanding on the part of thfe former of
the really practical side of the problem, there
should be less and less cause for the abandon
ment of the provisions of working plans made
for definite periods.
The first working plan In Vermont under the
state forest service, was made by the writer while
engaged as assistant to the state forester. The
area treated Is ownd by Dr. William Stanford
Stevens of Albans, Vermont, and is located at
Encsburg, In the same state. An outline of the
work and Its provisions follow.
The area Involved embraces 900 acres, divided
as follows:
Woodland, 360 acres; pasture land, 344 acres;
meadow, 196 acres.
The conditions that led the owner to consider
the possibilities of forestry were these: The area
had been maintained under a more or less diver
sified system of Klrm management, and as the own
er did not live on or near the property, he wished
to be relieved of the care and attention that such
an arrangement Involved.
To accomplish this purpose It seemed best to
bring the three classes of land under a definite
and permanent system of management through
the provisions and maintenance of a forest work
ing plan.
The provisions follow:
1. To complete the treatment of the whole tract
at the end of ten years.
2. All woodland to be treated Is divided Into
ten equal areas, one to be thinned In the fall and
winter of each year.
3. All pasture land Is divided Into ten equal
areas, one to be planted In the spring of each year.
4. All meadow land will be maintained as such.
5. For each wooded area, the kind of thinning
to employ Is stated; also a rough estimate, to
gether with net value, of the amount to come out.
6. For each area to be planted, the species are
selected and the number necessary given, together
with the total cost #f the work.
The woodland Is mixed, hardwoods consisting of
sugar maple, yellow birch, beech, and a small
percentage of ash, basswood, poplar, Ironwood,
cherry and elm, with young hemlock and spruce
reproduction well established on a few sections.
Sugar maple reproduction Is especially good, and
with ash and basswood is particularly desirable.
In treating this area either reproduction or im
provement thinnings were prescribed, removing
all undesirable and over-mature species and such
mature species as seemed best for the require
ments of the area. Thus only desirable species
were left to reproduce as well as to become more
valuable through Increased growth.
In carrying out the field work for this plan, the
area was first surveyed both by boundaries and
types of land. It was necessary to ascertain the
quarters, sailed for France, a big ne
gro was brought in. He had been ar
rested on general principles by an
alert copper, but the policemen had
no charge against him that would
stick. Faurot took his finger prints.
“Dls heah Is all foolishness.” said
the negro. ”1 nebbah been arrested
befo’, and I doan like de wry you-all
treat me. Fm er hahd wukkln’ man.**
scientific sacrlflces
as are necessary,
and not making the
plan as he, himself,
would prefer.
He then should
make a thorough
study of the mar
kets of the region
and plan his cut
tings accordingly.
Different localities
vary in their ability
to absorb a wide
range and class of
material. Cord wood
may have no value,
or It may be worth
25 cents or $1 a
cord on the stump,
and so on up
through the higher
class of forest prod
ucts. Failure to un-
He gave his right name, too. and an
address which proved to be accurate.
But because the police still suspected
him in spite of his good references
they held him while Faurot went
through the records of the bureau.
Finally he looked up at the negro.
“What were you doing out at Flatbush
last Thursday night?” he demanded.
The negro wilted. He admitted that
he had burglarized a house, when he
was shown the finger prints he had
left on a pane of glass. He told where
he had pawned the silverware and
area of each, with the exception of
meadow land, in order that the total
could be divided Into ten equal parts
for annual treatment. Upon each
wooded section the total stand of
material was estimated, both in board
feet and cords, the system of manage-
with the specified area to be thinned or planted
each year. For example, 1910-1911-1912. etc., de
note the year In which the area is to be cut, which
I# lb, 1c; 11, 111, etc., denote the area and order of
planting; I to be planted In 1910, II in 1911, etc.
In the written plan a complete statement of the
treatment of each section, both cutting and plant
ing, is given for each year. For example:
1910.
Woodland. 22 acres will be thinned, la being
clear cut for planting.
Planting, 32.41 A will be planted with white pine,
namely lb, c, and and e. la is not to be treated; Id
has teen staked out. The other acres have definite
boundaries. On this area there Is sufficient cord
wood available to make its removal profitable.
1911.
Woodland. 20 acres will be thinned. Of this area
7.8 acres in the lot by the sugar-house have been
marked for a reproduction cutting. Tract Vb will
be clear cut for planting.
Planting. Tract 11. 37.36 A will be planted with
white pine. All apple trees, brakes and hard hack
are to be removed.
OUTLINE FOR CUTTING.
Sale Price Sale Price
Board. 53.60 $ .30
Years. Feet, per M. Cords, per M. Total.
1910 30,000 $105.00 130 539.00 5144.00
1911 22,000 77.00 240 72.00 149.00
OUTLINE FOR PLANTING.
Year. Block. Area, Acres. Species. Number.
1910 1 b 10.56 White pine 12,000
1 c 2.38 White pine 2,400
1 and 17.24 White pine 17,240
1 e 2.24 \Vhite pine ~ 2.688
32.42 34,328
1911 11 37.36 White pine 37,260
(The acreage of woodland to be treated is cut
down from the total 360 by the fact that about 150
acres was being cut over under a contract made
previous to the adoption of this plan. It accounts
for only 22 and 20 acres coming under management
for the years given above, which is, of course, not
one-tenth of the total area of woodland.)
It is estimated that the total receipts from the
cutting, including the tract being cut under contract
above mentioned, will pay the complete cost of
planting and seedlings.
The plan just outlined means that at the end of
the ten-year period the owner will have his wood
land under a good system of forest management,
and greatly improved over its present condition,
together with 344 acres planted to Norway spruce
and white pine, the cost of which being met as be
fore stated by the returns from the area Itself.
The returns from thinnings which will be made on
each section In the period from 1935 to 1945, mak
ing each section thinned 25 years old, will give a
considerable return. At this time about 400 trees
per acre will be removed. From 1950 to 1960 the
area will be clear cut by sections and replanted.
The total yield frothis cutting should be at least
30,000 board feet per acre. The plan also pro
vides for proper fire protection, which Is absolutely
necessary for the successful maturing of a planta
tion. It also states the conditions which any con
tractor must meet who makes the cuttings during
the next ten years. These conditions follow:
1. All trees to come out are blazed and stamped
with the letter “V.”
2. The contractor must take all marked and leave
all unmarked trees.
3. Care In felling must be taken In order that
young growth and reproduction will not be Injured.
4. All sound logs 6 Inches at the small end and
over are to go into lumber.
5. Sound down timber and tops of felled trees are
to be cut into cord wood.
6. Care must be taken in skidding logs not to In
jure standing trees and reproduction.
7. The contractor will be liable to a penalty of
twice the value of any tree that Is cut not bearing
the official stamp.
8. All work Is subject to Inspection.
The state forester also agrees to mark the trees
to cut each year.
While the owner himself will not enjoy this re
turn, the plan offers an example of the Instance
cited previously by which an Individual Is willing to
make a long-time investment In order to make it
possible for the next generation in his family to
enjoy the results.
jewelry be had stolen, but he still
persisted that it was his first offense.
And then Faurot asked him one more
question. “Why,” said he, “did you
open the cage door and let that can
ary out?”
“Misteh,” said the negro, "heah’s
where I weaken. I’ll tell you the trufe.
I done serve four years over in Penn
sylvania, and I let that there little
bird out because I don’t Want to see
noffln behind the bars.” —From the
New York Letter to the Cincinnati
Tlmes-Star
ment and the char
acter of thinning
necessary was pre
scribed, and the
material to come
out the first year
marked. Where a
reproduction cut
ting was recom
mended, provisions
for keeping out
grazing were
made.
Upon each sec
tion of pasture
land the necessary
planting and spe
cies were deter
mined, together
with the fencing
required to pre
vent grazing and
killing young
planted material.
In the office, a
map was prepared
showing each class
of land together
WEAK, ILL AND MISERABLE.
Hot? many people suffer from back
ache, headaches and dizziness with
out realizing the cause? These symp
toms of kidney trouble are too serious
Si to neglect.
Mrs. Charles Mann,
Osakis, Minn., says:
“From a large, healthy
woman, I ran down until
I was a mere shadow. I
could not walk across
the room without falling
into a chair, utterly ex
hausted. I spent hun
dreds of dollars on doc
tors without relief. Since
taking Doan’s Kidney
Pills, I have regained ray
lost weight and do not have a mo
ment’s uneasiness or pain. They ac
tually saved my life.”
“When Your Back is Lame, Remem
ber the Name —DOAN’S.”
For sale by druggists and general
storekeepers everywhere. Price 50c.
Foster-Milbum Cos., Buffalo, N. Y.
DON’T NEED IT.
Bess—There’s one pleasure denied
the rich.
Tess —What’s that?
Bess —They can’t go bargain hunt
ing.
“ECZEMA ITCHED SO BADLY
I COULDM’T STAND IT.”
“I suffered with eczema on my neck
for about six months, beginning by lit
tle pimples breaking out. I kept
scratching till the blood came. It kept
getting worse, I couldn’t sleep nights
any more. It kept itching for about a
mouth, then I went to a doctor and
got some liquid to take. It seemed
as if I was going to get better. The
itching stopped for about throe days,
but when it started again, was even
worse than before. The eczema itched
so badly I couldn’t stand it any more.
“I went to a doctor and he gave me
some medicine, but didn’t do any good.
We have been having Cuticura Rem
edies in the house, so I decided to try
them. I had been using Cuticura
tsoap, so I got me a box of Cuticura
Ointment, and washed off the affected
part with Cuticura Soap three times a
day, and then put the Cuticura Oint
ment on. The first day I put it on, it
relieved me of Itching so I could sleep
all that night. It took about a week,
then I could see the scab come off. I
kept the treatment up for three weeks,
and my eczema was cured.
“My brothex got his face burned
with gun-powder, and he used Cuticura
Soap and Ointment. The people all
thought he would have scars, but you
can’t see that he ever had his face
burned. It was simply awful to look
at before the Cuticura Remedies
(Soap and Ointment) cured it.”
(Signed) Miss Elizabeth Gehrki, For
rest City, Ark., Oct. 16, 1910. Although
Cuticura Soap and Ointment are sold
by druggists and dealers everywhere,
a sample of each, with 32-page book,
will be mailed free on application to
“Cuticura,” Dept, 17 L, Boston.
Red Cross Christmas Seals.
A statement denying the recent re
ports about the abandonment of the
Red Cross Christmas seal sale has
been issued by the National Associa
tion for the Study and Prevention of
Tuberculosis. The statement declares
that not only will the sale be held
this year, as In the past three years,
but that it will be conducted on broad
er lines than ever before. The only
order issued by the postoffice depart
ment which bears on the sale of Red
Cross seals was sent out on July 1.
and prohibits the use of the mails to
letters and packages bearing non
postage stamps on the face, and also
to any mall bearing seals which re
semble postage stamps If used either
on the face or back. The Red Cross
seal to be used this year has been
submitted to the postoffice depart
ment and approved, and thus may be
used, but only on the back of letters
and packages. The design to be used
this year depicts a pretty winter scene
enclosed in a heavy red circle. The
corners are white, thus giving the ef
fect when affixed to a letter or a
package of a round seal.
Lesson in Good Manors.
When the “Boy Scouts” movement
was at its height, three of the young
sters journeyed from Baltimore to
Washington to be introduced to the
president. When Mr. Taft shook hands
with them, one of the little fellows
stuck out his left hand.
“W T hy do you give me your left
hand?” asked the president.
“That’s the way us Boy Scouts shake
hands,” said the boy, with pride.
“Well,” commented Mr. Taft dryly,
“the sooner us Boy Scouts leara better
the nicer us Boy Scouts will be.” —The
Twice-a-Month Popular Magazine.
Keeping Busy.
We are told that at New York’s
coming municipal budget exhibit bells
will be rung and lights flashed to
show a birth every four minutes, a
death every seven minutes and a mar
riage every eleven minutes.
Just what sort of demonstration is
made every time a cafe bottle pops, or
a bellboy is tipped, we are not told.
As long as there are people in the
world who try to set something for
nothing, a lot of other people will be
able to live without work.
PUTNAM FADELESS DYES
Color more goods brighter and faster colon than ny other dye. One 10c package colors all fibers. They dye in cold water better then any other dye. You can
dye any garment without ripping apart. Write iec free booklet—Hew to Dye, Pleach end Mix Cobra. MONROE DRUG COMPANY, Quincy, 111.
&wmmmmm
*t_ (111ull I ii* 1 ! 1; i • r'gii !1 1 [, ii V;V ; i,'.: i! ■ I ' ! | 1 1.:.!|: ’. ■j: ' ..;||
\ ALCOHOL-3 PER CENT
Preparation for As*
lHj3 similating theFoodandßegula
gj| ting (tie Stomachs and Bowels of |
sir Promotes DigesHon,Checrful
s'J ness and Rest Contains neither
HI Opium. Morphine nor Mineral
Sc 1 Not'Narcotic
Sp Rcapt cf Old DrSAXU£iP/TC/,'E*
9j|* Pumpkin, Seed -
(-S Mx Senna • \
J kerfselle Scfis .. I
ju P&ftrminl - \
jVS BiCnrieaet US?d<% - ( *
, Hirm Seed - ft
JJJ • CiarSird Sugar (
Nno Wnkrgrcen F’nvor ’
i*
ig N .C A perfect Remedy forConstipa
lion. Sour Stomach,Diarrhoea,
C | Worms Convulsions .Feverish*
M ness and LOSS OF SLEEP.
tM —r - —•
Facsimile Signature of
;W ; ’
Cos? The Centaur Company.
NEW YORK.
under the Foodawj
Exact Copy cf Wrapper.
TOO MUCH FOR SMALL BRAIN
Cig Word Meant an Effort, but This
Little Girl Made Brave
Attempt.
This Incident occurred just after a
Jewish holiday. It was in a third
grade school in Cleveland in a dis
trict of Russian and Hungarian Jew’s.
The teacher was explaining the
meaning of the word judicious. She
asked the children to give her stories
about the word.
After several had given illustra
tions about the judicious use of
money, the teacher said:
“Now’ give me a story about some
thing judicious, without money in it.”
A little girl finally volunteered. She
said:
‘‘On our holiday w’e had roast goose
and a whole lot of other Jew dishes.”
Lawn Economics.
‘T note,” says the sage, “that you al
low’ a sprinkler to spray W’ater upon
your lawn almost continuously.”
“Yes,” said the native. “We do that
to make the grass grow.”
“But the other day I saw a man
pushing a clicker contrivance over the
lawn and —”
“Oh, yes; that was a lawn mower.”
"And w r hat is its purpose?”
“Why. it cuts the grass.”
“Then w’hy do you put water on It
to make it grow if you simply cut It
down as fast as It comes up?”—Judge.
Exits From Every Room.
A school building in which every
room has a direct connection with the
ground, without first entering the
main hall, has been built just beside
the site of the famous Collinwood (O.)
school in which 175 children perished
by fire in 1908. It represents many
unique features of construction and is
said to be as fireproof and panic-proof
as it is possible for a school to be. —
Popular Mechanics.
Inflammatory Rheumatism may make
you a cripple for life. Don’t wait for
inflammation to set in. When the first
slight pains appear, drive the poison out
with Hamlins Wizard Oil.
There is a certain amount of lye in
soap, but that is no reason why it
should be Injected into the advertise
ments.
Cole’s Carbolisalve quickly relieves and
cures burning, itching and torturing skin
diseases. It Instantly stops the pain of
burns. Cures without scars. 25c and 60c
by druggists. For free sample write to
J. W. Cole & Cos.. Black River Falls, Wis.
No matter how hard the rules may
be, they’re as fair for us as for the
rest of the gang!
Mrs. Winslow’s Soothing Syrup for Children
teething, softens the gums, reduces inflamma
tion, allays pain, cures wind colic, 26c a bottle.
A pitcher isn’t necessarily broken
when he is knocked out of the box.
But many a college graduate avoids
the disgrace of dying rich.
fjf If the blood is poor and filled with the
■ - rn. ( A 1 P oisons from diseased kidneys or inac
% I _ I | tive liver, the heart is not only starved
■. A X "* iii" \X gi but poisoned as well. There are many
ML \ Mm conditions due to impure blood—such
pagi \ a as dropsy, fainting speils, nervous debil-
SBBIMI Mfom Jt y or the many scrofulous conditions,
jm Sjp3 ulcers, “fever sores,” white swellings,
etc - All can be overcome and cured by
Dr. Pierce’s Golden Medical Discovery
This supplies pure blood—by aiding digestion, increasing assimilation
and imparting tone to the whole circulatory system. It’s a heart tonic
and a great deal more, having an alterative action on the liver and
kidneys, it helps to eliminate the poisons from the blood.
To enrich the blood and increase the red blood corpuscles, thereby
feeding the nerves on rich red blood and doing away with nervous irri
tability, take Dr. Pierce’s Golden Medical Discovery and do not permit
a dishonest dealer to insult your intelligence with the “just as good
kind.” The “Discovery” has 40 years of cures behind it and contains
no alcohol or narcotics. Ingredients plainly printed on wrapper.
Dr. Pierce’s Common Sense Medical Adviser is sent free on receipt of
stamps to pay expense of wrapping and mailing only. Send 31 one-cent
stamps for the French cloth-bound book. Address: Dr. R. V. Pierce, Buffalo, N.Y.
Quack Grass and Foul Weeds Quickly Destroys*
Austin Weed Exterminator Manufacturing Cos., 102 S. Kenwood Ave., Austinj Mina
For Infanta and Children*
The Kind You Have
Always Bought
Bears the A,
Signature /AjS
Jp* In
BtX Use
vJ* For Over
TMC eCNTAUR *Oi*W.*T. (SrWTO*3 t?T,
f¥tSho& Po
Finest In Quality. Largest In Variety.
They meet every requirement for cleaning aud
polishing shoes of all kinds and colors.
GILT EDGE the only ladies shoo'dressing
that positively contains OiL. Blacks and Polishes
ladies’ and children’s boots and shoes, shines
without rubbing, 25c. “French Gloss,” 10c.
DANDY combination for cleaning and polishing
all kinds of russet or tan shoes, 25c. “Star” size, 10c.
ELITE combination lor qentlemcn v?ho take
pride In having their shoes look Al. Hestores color
and lustre to all black shoes. Polish with a brush
or cloth, 25 cents. “Baby Elite” 'lzo 10 cents.
If your dealer does not keep the kind you want,’
Bend us his address and tho price in stamps for
a full size package.
WHITTEMORE BROS. A. CO.,
90-26 Albany 3t., Cambridge. Mast.'
V'he Oldest and Largest Manufacturers of
Shoe Polishes in the World.
Don’t Persecute
Your Bowels
Cut out cathartics and purgatives. They ara
brutal, harsh, unnecessary. Try^gppp,
CARTER’S LITTLE
LIVER PILLS
Purdy vegetable. Act ■ nyrn'r
gently on the liver, Vj/iK I lKj
eliminate bile, and gH ITTI F
soothe the delicate pa J . /r [ T
membrane of
bowel. C u b| PILLS.
•che aad Indigeslion, aa millions know.
SMALL PILL, SMALL DOSE, SMALL PRICE.
Genuine must bear Signature f
Trapping Time Is Soon Here
SoGet Posted We Furnish Free Correct?
Quotations on RAW FURS
A POSTAL CARD
TODAY BRING
NO COMMISSION CHARGED
ff as WE ARE DIRECT BUYERS
TheHouseThat Rarely Loses a Shipper
LOTZ 8R05.113 115 ELM ST.StLoUIS
DR. SPENCER’S
English Dispepsia Wafers. Relieves Indigestion,
sour stomach and all stomach complaints. Price
per box is 50c. The A. Spiegel Cos., Milwaukee. Wia.
DEFIANCE STARCH-IT^
—other starches only 12 ounces—tame price and
“DEFIANCE” 18 SUPERIOR QUALITY.
W. N. U., MILWAUKEE, NO. 40-1911.