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V It i S III II III MIX ij I 0 ESTABLISHED IN 1878. WASHINGTON RELICS RARE DOCUMENTS RELATING TO THE GREAT AMERICAN'. Many Characteristic Traits Revealed In a Message In Martha Wash ington's Handwriting 13111 of ills Tailor. IIILLSBORO, N. C. THURSDAY, FEBRUARY 18, 1897. CROSSING THE DELAWARE, NEW SERIES-YOL. XVI. , NO. 10. " T ; : : ; .. bmbi1 I : - VJ jnE New York Herald rtpro I duces two documents which Jl throw light on George Wash G ington's private life. We know ft great deal about Washington as a soldier and -statesman and it would be well if we knew aa much about his private life. True, we have a general conception of the manner in which he bore himself to his family, his ser vants and his neighbors, and what his personal tastes and habits were, but a thorough, knowledge of him from this point of view can only bo obtained by -studying put such documents aa the Herald publishes. The first document is a letter from Martha Washington to her kinrcworaan, Mrs. Frances Washington. The letter was written by Martha, but was dicta ted by (ieorge Washington, who was then President of the United States. It was duly forwur Jed to its destina tion, but a draft was made by Wash ington's instructions and from this draft the Herald reproduction has been mwda. Tho note at the end of this letter is in Washington's handwriting; tho letter itself in in his wife's. Here is the text, with a few slight chaLges in punctuation and spelling: IN MAUTIU WASHINUTOn'h 1IANIWRITI0. "Tho President says you nr already a' q'iaiut;d with hi Katimeutson the propriety u renting out our land and neurons la Berkeley. As it sems to be th intention to nettln another plantation there, ho thinks that tho n"groiH, with such as you may in clino to move up from Fairfax, h;id better b' divided Ix'twuen tho two placs and each rented to Homn man of character and respon sibility who will bo ablo to ivu security for tho performance of tho agreement. This will easo you of much troublo and reduce your Incomo t a certainty, which never will bo tho ca.so under ver.-te,er.- at a distance, as you seem to experience already. Ho thinks articles should bo drawn up by some profes sional man and skilful person hnd every pre eautiori taken to prevent waste of tho timber or tho cutting down too much thereof, anil no abuse of either tho land or tho negroes (should) bo permitted. As to tho terms for wht'h you should let tho estate it must de pond upon your own view of the subject, tho will a nit tho advico of your friends, those who nro much better acquainted with tho circumstances attending tho ei-tat and the utility of a longer or shorter terai than he is at this distance."' Then comes tho following memoran dum in George Washington's hand writing : "Sentiments dictated by George Washing ton in a letter from Mrs. M. Washington to Mrs. Frances Washington, 2. Tunc, 179:1." A peculiar interest attaches to this document for tho reason that very few of Martha Washington's letters iro in existence. Her husband, "both in his oilicial and private- capacity, wrote a great deal ; she apparently wrote comparatively little. Doubtless this sensible, good woman thought that i he could spend her tirno more profit ably than in letter writing, or it may bo that her, letters, being naturally of a private nature, were not preserved as carefully as those written by her . illustrious husband. Sho may, how ever, have frequently acted as his i-ccrct.'iry, especially when some family matter was under discis sion, as in tho preseut1 case. That ,, sho was not apt with j tho pen is evident. There is also a notable lack of punctuation throughout the letter, though tho writer's clearness of mind is shown by tho littlo dashes, which, except in one or two places, are used in lieu of full stops. In his counsel that "no abuse of the negroes (should) bo permitted" o jco a striking trait of tho man. No one was ever more kmdly and indul gent than he. Ho owned many col ored servants ami treated them all W; 11. Among them were carpenters, Hflcksmithp, wheelwrights aud men skilled in other trades, "so that the plantation produced everything within itself for ordinary use." There may have been some good tailors on the plantation also, but Mr. Carliu, whoso bill is reproduced here with, was evidently not one of them. Washington's kindness to his ser vants was indeed always marked. A few days before he died Sir. Lear, his seoretarv. brought him some lot tors to bo franked, in order that they might be tnktn to tho Postortice, but, :' although Washington attention io ms request, he said that the weatlfor was too bad to send a servant, out with them. Again, a few hours before ho drew his last breath, he turned to Ins servant, Christopher, who had been in the room during tho day, and al most the whole time on his feet, tad i. :-.-!-'". him tr Bit down. He WAS President of the United Mates when ; be wrote to Mrs. Frances, with the ' cares of nation on his shoulders, t at ,;. not for tret to say wor not ial bed. We have many . -ep.. ' " An 1 so, ycu'd hava mo tell th-3 tal My father oft tol l me! A story of tho days when palo Hope fled, and Misery Stood stark and grim before that band Of men beyond compare Tho talo of Washington tho Grand, Who crossed the Delaware! II. One Christmas night, long years ago, When shrilly cold winds blow, AJid through tho darkened air the snoj" On frozen pinions flew, A littlo band of patriot souls Stood brave and fearless wliea J In icine.as and anger rolls The fretful Delaware. nr. Nor ice. nor storm, nor cruel blast , Can hold these heroes back; They havo resolved; tho die is cast For Freedom's cause! A track . Of blood upon tho snow 'they've left, From shoeless feet and bare; Of all life's comforts they'ro bereft, Iksido the Delaware. IV. But "Onward! Onward!" is tho word Their bravo commander speaks. When thro' the storm his voice- is hear J Each Son of Freedom seeks To do his bidding; put asida Is every woo and care There's vict'ry o'er the icy tide. ' Across tho Delaware. V. On through tho gloomy, stormy niglit With hardships dire, thoy cope "For God, and Native Land,' and Right!" Their watchword and their hope; Until at last, all cold and dank. They greet tho morning's glare; EJafo thro' the tido they've reached the bank Across the Delaware. VI. And. then," nine mile? beyond they go, With steady, solemn tread, To where the hated Hessian foo Sleep in their drunken bed. Aroused from, dissipation's dozft Lv wild .surprise they stare, And, conquered, give their swords to those Who crossed the Delaware. George V. Hobart, in New York Herald. was then in the prime and strength of his manhood) have never faded from my mind daring the many years which, with all their chances and chauges, have rolled between." A more ex pressive pen picture than thi3 it would be hard to and. Oa the day when ho bade farewell to the two houses of Congress he wore, and most appropriately, a full suit of black. In hia hat, too, was a black i cockade. Thus attired, he delivered i his memorable address and remained close. "Then." eavs an eve witness. - w "when Btrong men's sobs broke loose, when tears covered their faces, then the gr-at man was shaken. I never too my eyes from his face. Large drops came from his eyes. He looked to the grateful children who were parting with their father, their friend. as if his heart was with them and would be to the end." Men of the upper class were scrupu lous about their attire in those days, and Washington never laughed more heartily than when two of his friends lost their clothes. They were Judges, and were coming to visit him at Mount Vernon. Thev were verv dusty after their long ride on horse back, and stopped in a wood on the outskirts of the estate in order to change their traveling dresses before entering the mansion. What was their dismay, however, when their ser vant opened the portmanteau, to find, instead of their dress clothes, cakes of Windsor soap, a lot of cheap jewelry and other pedler s ware. By some blunder their "portmanteau had been exchanged for that of a Scotch pedler at their last stopping placo. Their plight was so ludicrous that, they could' not help laughing, and Washington hearing the noise, came up, and was so overcome, by the ridiculous appear ance of the group that "ho rolled on the grass almost convulsed with laughter." When he recovered, ho probably conducted them to their bed rooms, and laid before them articles from his own wardrobe very likely some of Carhn's handiwork. CHILDREN'S CORNER. bTU matter. j mirth. Eut he kept on caeerfuHy and bravely day after day. never shun TIMELY TOPICS FOR OUR BOYS cinK observation, driving the widow's AND GIRLS. j cow aad rearing his thick boots. He never explained why he drove the cow. j xor no, not inclined to aiake a j boast of his ciiaritablc motive. It waj j by mere accident that his kindness and ; eelf-denlal were discovered by his teacher. j "And row, ladies and Rentletnen. I t ask you was there not trie heroism In j this I oyV conduct? Now. Master Wat ! son. do not get out of sight behind the j blackboard. You were not afraid of small head a: ridicule, you must not.be afraid of . at me, praise." The quecjest of j As WatscnrWn Mfctfci? 'cheek; " queer little j came forward, a round of applause fairies j spoke the general approbation, and That ever I the mednl was nreaentrd tn him amid the cheers of U audience.- The Chil dren's Own. The alry ThUtlr The Hoit Frfe-t Form of Hrroitm - Reading for Infor mationA Little t;irl ChrUlmtt Story. JILT one bright morning in winter, Nodding her chanced ;ee. to THE WASHINGTON FAMILY. four children, one of whom died in in faucy. Her husband left her by will, which was probated in 1793, all bis property as long as sho remained a widow, though provision was made for the children as soon aa thoy should marry or attain their majority. In tho will is a full .description of. the Berkeley county property referred to in the letter. TAILOR CAKLINs LITTLE BLLTj. " Tho second document is very cur ious. Here is a verbatim copy. Mr. Carlin has such a distinct individuality that it seemed a pity to mar it by sub stituting modern English for his quaintly spelled words : 1772. C1. George Washington Dr. Juno 17th 'Fn niaktfing will yr - waitingman a coat - Aug 30 til w-A-tooiit .V 2 jr l5re;itchos of Dark Dril 0 IB 0 T !ii:tkemg Preachoy r Drill P.roichos. .0 6 0 ToGii'i .V Tom iach a i .air 0 6 0. T ::iiik'ing, Frank '2 vrt coats .t '2 Tr Ur.-U'.'i.'- 0 12 0 To do:-... a small lV.it- t on Ivrno mols . 0 4 f T. :: lo:- m Large at 8d 0 ii 0 To m ancing : coats of Dve.i Cotton for Ji!s .1- Mike Mores. 0 13' 0 T pi-'-emg 4 caps '"ro-u Cannon ...... 0 1 0- To ir.:ik"iug 1 sayiors Jaekits 1 0 0 To mak.nug 2 pr Wretches for Joe 0 C 0 To viakeing yr Bretches of i-uk wove. , 0 6 0 To makeing a wasteoat of 15. vie rearsiou. . . . 0 5 0 To makeing yr white t!aray:nay coat. . . ... 0 14 0 To makeing vr London ., l;r wn....' 0 12 6 To makeiug yr green wa-tcoat 5 ilk, 0 5. T,1 To :r.akeii;g yr wait- incxa:; Livery 1 0 0 Frr.-.r- x-epted i Wm C traii 7 11 7 ' tv.f.tra 'r. Tv huf a Barrill of ":i S I'.v M.-r Cunniag i: a:u a:: 1 Aldan Jrs ac;t 1 11 7 in 7 li a i 5 12 he is to write tho words "Errors ac cepted" at the end of the bill. If his bill is not entirely satisfactory we are all human and liable to err ho is quite willing to listen to any argu ments with a view to its reduction. On tho other hand if he fihould have forgotten any item, he would naturally have the right to charge for it in a later bill. His precaution, however, did not avail him, as the receipt in Washington's handwriting shows. In it Mr. Carlin acknowledges that all tho money due him has been paid ; aye, even though George Washington etill owes him a half-penny. The bal ance due to him is 5 ls. d., and ho only receives 5 12s. Trobably Wash ington had no coppers at hand, and Carlin was wise enough to take what he got and be thankful. Washington kept all such bills as these with great care, and no one was more exact than he in seeing that they were correct. Ho was a good arith metician, and his accounts were al ways in order. The "ciphering book," in which he wrote out the solution of many difficult sums, is btill preserved. That much of his income was spent on clothes can be readily seen. Though never a dandy, he liked good attiie for himself and family, and no one was more careful than ho that his servants should be comfortably clothed. Fash ionable clothes, when needed, were imported direct from London, and we know from Washington's letters that he obtained in this way several elegant articles of attire for himself and his wife. On state occasions he dressed with great care, and wo are even told that at those times "his horse's hoofs were blackened and polished as thor oughly as hisown boots." On the day when he was inaugurated as President he wore a full suit of dark brown cloth with white silk stockings, all of which were of American manufacture ; on his shoes were silver buckles; his hair was tied and powdered, and a eteel hilted dres sword hung by his side. Mary Ball's Tall Sons Were 3Iute as Mice' In Her Presence. Augustine, the second eon of Law rence Washington, was the father of I George Washington. He is described as a tall man, of noble bearing, with fair complexion and .fins gray eyes. After remai-Ytfg v8omo 'tinxo in 'T$og; land he returned to Virginia, and by 1715 had married Jane Butler, and settled down as a planter in Westmore land County. In 1728 his helpmate She had on the quaintest of garments Prickly steel all trimmed in pearl; Her hood was bedecked with rare jewels Bright enough for an old-time earl. I gathered her out of the snow-drift. . In triumph I bore her away. And placed her with joy on my mantel, To remain for ever and aye. Hon. line for Inform! loo. 1 knw a boy, a scrap of a lad, says t Charles Dudley Warner, .who almost needed a high chr.ir to bring him up j to th. general level of the dining tabl?. j who liked to read the encyclopedia. He was always h".ntlng around in the big book of the rjcyclopedia' books about j his own size -for what he wanted to j know. He 'lug in it as another boy would dig in the woods for sassafras But when I returned to my chamber, root. It appeared that he was inter Oh, that naughty, naughty elf S ested in natural history and natural Had shaken the hood from her tressesphenomena. He asked questions of Chuckling, no doubt, to herself. j these books exactly as he would ask a I living authority and kept at it till ho For racing ail over my mantel. ' j got answers. He knew how to read. And skipping o'er curtain and chair. Soon that boy was an authority on Were numerous dainty white fairies, j earthquakes. He liked to have the con Dancing with joy to be there. 1 versation nt the table turn on earth quakes, for then he seemd to be the tallest person at the table. I suppose I chased them all out of the window. Away, then, the tiny elves flew. When springtide arrives can you tell me , there was no earthquake anywhere of I any importance but that he could tell ! where it occurred, and what damage it "TVhat my dainty white fairies will do? I re-We a did. how many houses it buried and how many people it killed and what shape it loft the country it had shaken. Trcm that he went on to try to dis cover what caused these disturbances; and this led him into other investiga tions, and at last into th Rtudy of j electricity, practically as well as theor etically. He examined machines and j Inver.-ed machines, and kept on read j ing; Liid "presently he was an expert J in electricity. He knows how to put in wires, and signals, and blls. and to do i - . . . . .. of them were dunces enough to look I (r or prartjrai ami w u, to enter t!'v hi,'h school he bad a great deal of work to do in the city, and A Gold Moliil. I shall never forget a lesson celved when at school at A saw a boy named Watson driving cow to pasture. In the evening he drove her back again, we did not know where, and this was continued several weeks. The boys attending the school were all sons of wealthy parents, and some L wjth jdJji4ain on a'kliolarwno iltu c6 drive a cow With admirable good nature Watson j bore all their attempts to annoy him. "I suppose. Watson. said Jackson. I died, leaving four children, of whom another boy, one day "I suppose you only two Lawrence and Aagustine- three or four men under him. These v.ir.n under him had not read as much about electricity as he had. coloxe- SAxrrrx Washington, bhotheb OP GEORGE WASHINGTON. 11 !.- - ivM th- T-.vtivc shu.ia. eouuts t-itais i a OV o C.:rr- grew to maturity. Two years later, true to the custom of his family, the widower married again. His second bride was Mary Ball, of Lancaster CcTunty. She was the daughter of Colonel Joseph Ball, and was descend ed from respectable English colonists, who had settled on the banks of the Potomac. Mary Ball's early life was qnietly passed at Epping Forest, her father's plantation where she was bred in the domestic virtues which characterized the matrons of her day. Sh3 was little versed in book lore, but was of eacli commanding character as to inspire respect and obedience in all feurrounl ing her, even in those who loved her most. We are told that her eoas. thongh "proper tail fellows," were wont to sit as "mute as mice" in her presence: Only one thing could fab- Whatever he wore, he always looked j due her dauntless spirit, and that was 'the great man he was. j the fear of lightnincr.- la her youth .a . "In the year of our Lord. 1790," friend hai been killed by lightning m eavs an aimirer, who saw him in New j her presence, and always after, at the York, "I stood upon the doorstep of . approach of a thunder storm, Mr. which 1 was ! Washington would retire to her room, tremble father intends to make a milkman of I you?" ' "Why not?" askpa Watson. i "Oh, nothing. Only don't leave much water in the cans after you rinse j them that's all." j The boy laughed, and Watson, not in j th1 least mortifi'-d.'sreplied: "Never! fear. If ever I am a milkman. I'll give ; good measure and good milk." i The day after this conversation there j was a public examination, at which 1 ladies and gentlemen from the neigh boring towns were present, and prizes were-awarded . by the principal .of our school, and both ."War son and Jack son received a creditable -number, for, in respect to scholarship, they were about equal. After the ceremony of distribution, the principal remarked thai there was one priz, consisting of a gold nK-dal. which was rarely award ed, not so much on acount of its great cost, as because the instances were rare which rendered its bestowal proper. It was the prize of 'heroism. The Jnn medal was awarded about thre years ago to a boy in "the firs, class who res curd a poor irl from drowning. The principal then said that, with the permission of the company, he wculd relate a short anecdote,. ' "Not long sine", rom.' hoys went flying a kite in the street just as a poor lad on hor?-back rode by on his wav to the mill. The horse took fright The hll.lrrn n l.rtit-m. little i-torv was sent to i i v " . . . . - . , the editor some time ago to be used in the Christmas editions: Dear Hditor: My papa takes your paper, and we lik- it ery much. I am y years old and I thought 1 ould write a story. ' It was Christmas Kve. Mr. and Mrs. l'.artelle were sitting by the table talk ing of the vid tini s. when ail at once thr-re was a cry without. They both went to the door. Thre wni a littlo girl who fcaid'rhe was hunting Fanta 'Claus.And that h r motb- r was nick and that sh war w.mtlng him to come therff and Kie' them something to eat and to burn in thHr tov-. ThT told her to come in and she would go and see hr mother. Sh awiui s'.ck. i was a vvidciwi did. and found her v l. r t-- i.ht. iiip.i (&ney Mr. and Mr. Hartelle kept the little girl who introlu'-M her s;elf as Lily Madison. She went to fchool every day that sh" could She was very rnart and learr. 1 ry fast. Some of the. scholars mere very mean to h-r at first, but it was not ry long until '-wry one :od h-r. H he -soon grew up and taught shod and helped the old folks along Many happy New Years ar.,1 happy Chris.! ma -he s?nt h r". Always U kind to th oil. blind and -poor. aV;d you will g-t payd hack in a better way. Lulu lUarn. and threw the boy, injuring him soi. badly that he was carried home ad ; confined some weeks to his bed. Of te j boys who had unintentionally caused ( I the disaster none followed to learn the ' i fate of the wounded lad. There was one I bov. however, who witnessed the acci dent from a listari-1 who tsot only went to make inquiries hut stayed to render service. "This boy soon I'-arr.ed that the ! Tom.l; Ulll lie ooJ. won't '. al A'ice'a sticks of t-sdy; won t can notn. a ;e.i-uuu;, won't tnueak'xy P :.';! on my fUte; I won't lie in bd every day and b: late; I won't make faces at Timothy Mack: I won't mak; fun behind- any one's "5 cinntmi' Mouse. t IV i OUn as i, , ... !,! . . .U - ' 1 ...1.1 .V-,-V an 1 Wm. Carh. i 1 1 t - i D v,. ma Wsihincton s hanawritinj: on a bill of J ., Mi TlMlTt t'f. U3 v c v U iui -- . . I ii.:. ).: I ) -. t- it ii h rr., TV, forcet the courted due to a m- mi .v - - ...v. j Xuhewas King on his death- I bill itself and the signature are irythe j letters wriilcn ' jjauuwi v" w "u"uj v. . irj o r in f M rf oO 1 AV '.I J't'ptt'lLr. !. ' COmpamou ic;iuu ram, iibu i u u wt ac?. - --- i . . . . i . r . , 'There he comes, lnere comes N ash- lor several years a.ier ui.r nr ington.' 1 looked up Pearl street an! i riage she lived at Wakeneld, her hus- ! saw approaching with stately tread band's home oa the rotomc, and thf re and open brow the father of my coun-1 in ItSZ Ueorge asaiagioa, ner ea Hie hat was otT. for the Jav was ; est -on was bora. A few years later wounded bo;. roor widow. sisied in w a.s support of a con- sfllir.g-r: f- n.K of a cow. whim s n e v a ; n- o u c and lame, and her grandson, on whoa; she depended to drhe her cow to the pasture, was no be-k- with his bruise?. "Never mind. Hus; and turn them, so d so! The foA f-hail rorne and the bad chtii go. barn doors"-- in all my I rod woman,' & o r t S' frf:ks; . woi't put my through ad sai i the boy : ; ve ie cow. kmdnegi 4 . t it , ,Vi,;-., hnt few more worthy lm, but the receipt, beginning at tne ot ttudy than this one to his kius- snltrv. and he was accompanied bv the family removed td enoae in hta- Colonel Page and James Ma iisom i fcrd Countv, near Fredericksburg, ! Never have 1 forgotten, nor shall I to where Augustine W-shington died in woman. . Thi" Mrs. Frances Washington was the datighter.of Colonel Burwell Bas eett of New Kent County, lrgini. iSho married on .October 15. .1 i i:,-,-,rM Ancastino N auuig- LOIUtil l vvv-.p.- n tnu. who was the great woid 'Received'' and ending at the date "ITT-, is in the handwriting of George Washington. a inftintcr document has seldom i Mtintensace ublishfd. W hat an honest fel- leftv mien and commsn nag ugure, set rein, ar.m6i, uoau uu.uc, uj uevote i ner I my dving day forget, the perene, the ' April, 1742. Beside; her two stepsoas, benign, the godlike expression of the j the young widow was left with rive ! ronntenance of that maa of men. His children of her own George, Ehzs- i t -, ' ...i; IT., .har.-.n "k ? i ,1 1 -v .- A.lrnta? bv an- elegant dre Charles. To them - George s "makeing yr green wa-tcoat. take tu. o bathe consisting of a blue CO. . bat illlife, and George Washington alway ,a "to er- laia that the odd 7d. e clothe, silver knee ani shoe buckles declare! that his successful career wa is onlv a fair payment for the. silk j d white vest;' his powdered locks the result of bis paotiur'i tecL:ns.-- fcU, . nnr.,4t. ' i nnlv a lair pavmeat ior ine en- ilu wuuo cu , uw v..t iw.s -w v..w nephew, being tho of hB yoan.cr , j vkwrott3 iooi (for he Money's Magsnac UI W Wv - Mony was waa. the a;otne:r mother sent with,' said 'h them -for a - . r v, . b'Jt did not. eto? there, to set articles from that y of t-ots I hle .oney olz -Acman, 1 can do wi'hout "Oh. no,' Mi l the consent " to that; there is a' pair cf aeavy boots taat Tnomai. no.caat war wouid only I If you I ty. them should scet cn ntcc-Iy.' the boo-5, clums 7 as ha wom them u? to I won't be greedy, at dinner table At lejjjrt I think I won'! if I'm able! I will cm pinth ncr poke sc.- tease. I ili not fcpjt?er nor eo-jgh nor uneete, I w HI not prumble nor fret cor scoli. I iil do etactly whate-.r I n toll -Kar?ny. Hustle an 1 -urn them, so and o! The rood fthaii come anl the bad shadl Tommy. uy these 7, t The boy bought they were, an i f v i in t:m. .Veil, -hen it -a3 Oti.er b3 .-'.t tr.e f.C ia te habit . i '..!-') ve red by co a ar as he wcj . ; eve .... day with z cowiilde Vant to WIL Pudly So Kommuter wants to-seU hsi pia-e out in SwitchvUle? Duidy That cannot !e. He is forerer craefc- '.t up an te. nrii? every tHi-iy wnai a beautiful pla:e it is. Kudiy Tes; that is the reason why I know he nU to dispose of li.lostoa Traa4crii