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I I fi P':f it? SIX E fei- -.. First Modern One Was Opened In Scotland In 1810. STARTED BY HENRY DUNCAN. He Was a Presbyterian Clergyman and Was a Friend of Thomas Carlyle and of the Celebrated Dr. Chalmers—The Rapid Spread of the System. The first savings bank to accept de posits In small amounts and to pay cumulative interost was opened in Scot land In May, 1S10. Several Institutions for savings existed in foreign countries prior to 1S10. but there was nothing in any respect like the modern savings bank. England, for example, early witn«ssed the appearance of numerous small charitable associations and insti tutions which undertook to invest the savings of their members. The first modern savings bank, how ever, was originated by Henry Dun can, a Presbyterian clergyman of Dumfries, Scotland, a friend of Thom as Carlyle and of the celebrated Dr. Chalmers, who throughout his active life was interested In various schemes of practical benevolence. In 1810. aft er he had already set forth his views on the subject in the Dumfries Courier, he established the Ruthwell Savings bank. His purpose, as expressed in a memoir published by his son In 1888. was to Induce the mass of people of his time to realize the value of the lit tle Ba-vings which by economy could be put away. The Dumfries community of lowland Scotch was a good one in which to start such a scheme. During the first year savings to the amount of £150 were deposited in the Ruthwell Sav ings bank and In the next two years £171 aud £241, respectively. By 1814 the deposits amounted to £922. As the success of Mr. Duncan's scheme became known similar institu tions were organized elsewhere In Scotland and England. One of the earliest was the Edinburgh Savings bank, still a thriving Institution. The Ruthwell bank had some pe coiarities which distinguished it from the institutions that were developed later. There was an annuity fund, for instance. Most remarkable of all. be fore anybody's first deposit was re ceived inquiries had to be made as te his age, family affairs and previous moral conduct According to what was discovered the management decid ed, first, whether his deposit should be accepted and. second, what rate of Interest should be allowed him. The Ruthwell bank's funds were placed with the British Linen company, which allowed 5 per cent interest on them. Most of the depositors received 4 per cent: but to those of three years' standing whose deposits amounted to £8 or more 5 per cent was allowed, provided the depositor wanted to «et married or that he was fifty-six year old or that in other respects It would be especially advantageous for him to receive more interest. The first sav ings bank was under no obligation to allow depositors to withdraw funds when they wanted There was a pro vision that "whpn the depositor shall have become Incapable of maintaining himself from sickness or otherwise a weekly allowance may be made to him at the option of the court of directors out of the money be has deposited." The Edinburgh Savings bask was much simpler rn its organization than the Ruthwell r-nd more closely resem bled the savings banks of the present day. Each depositor received the same rate of Interest. There was no pre liminary investigation of his charac ter, and he could withdraw his de posits at pleasure. The rate of inter est was uniformly 4 per cent. Widespread interest wgs aroused Jr. You can afford an Edison ThemoMaph the early experiments In Great Britain. Farseelng people realized that the new institutions were destined to add large ly to general prosperity and happiness. This opinion was eloquently voiced by the great Scotch critic Francis Jeffrey, who. writing in the Edinburgh Review, said: "it would be difficult, we fear, to convince either the people or their rulers that the spread of savings banks is of far more importance and far more likely to increase the happi ness and eveu the greatness of the na tion than the most brilliant success of its arms or the most stupendous im provement of its trade and its agricul ture. Aud yet we are persuaded that It Is so." Laws safeguarding savings banks were passed as these institutions began to show vitality and clearly needed regulation. Trustees and managers were early prohibited from making any profit in connection with these banks. The English savings bank movement rapidly spread throughout the con tinent, France. Germany. Denmark and Italy successively taking up the idea. Everywhere with modifications proper to the nationality it has proved suc cessful. The first American savings bank was opened in Philadelphia in 1816 and was called the Philadelphia Saving Fund society. The same year one was established in Boston, New York fol lowing in 1819. and in 1820 there were ten in the country, having 8,635 de positors and $1,138,570 In deposits Boston Globe. THEY WERE STUBBORN. A Story Illustrating the "Setness" of the Cornishman. Your Cornishman can be very "set" and stubborn. His determination of spirit is more remarkable than admira ble at times, though It may be amus ing. Mr. Hook, the late royal academician, was once, says Mr. W. H. Hudson in his book on the "Land's End," on the sands at Wbitesand bay. working at a marine picture, when two natives came up and planted themselves just behind him. There was nothing the artist hated more than to be watched by strangers over his shoulders in this way, and pretty soon he wheeled around on them and angrily asked them how long they were going to stand there. His manner served to arouse their spirit, and they replied brusquely that they were going to stay as long as they thought proper. He Insisted on knowing just bow long they were going to stay there to his annoyance, and by and by, after some more loud and angry discussion. one of them Incautiously declared they would stand at that very spot for an boor. "Do you mean that?" shouted Hook, pulling out his watch. Yes, they returned, they would not stir one inch from tbat spot for an hoar. "Very well," he said and polled up his easel then, marching off to a dis tance of thirty yards, he set it up again and resumed bis painting. And there, within thirty yards of his back, the two men stood for one hour and a quarter, for, as they did not have a watch, they were afraid of going away before the hour had ex pired. Then they marched off. George IV.'a Hoardings. One of the most Inveterate hoarders on record was George IV. Not only was be averse to destroying books and papers, but he preserved everything that could possibly be kept. When be died all the suits of clothes be had worn for twenty years were discovered and sold by public auction. His execu tors also found secreted In various desks, drawers and cupboards numer ous purses and pocketbooks crammed full of money to the extent, it Is said, of £20.000. together with more senti mental treasures In the form of locks of hair from the tresses of forgotten beauties of the court.—London Graphic The price places it within reach of all. is too poor to have an Edison Phonograph. is too rich to enjoy it Nothing that money can buy will furnish a greater range of amusement for every dollar invested. Mr. Edison intended that his Phonograph should be within reach of everyone. He wishes to see it in every home. Prices range from $12.50 to $125.00. No one can buy a Phonograph cheaper than you can. No one should pay more for it The Edison Phonograph in your home would give it something that it now lacks—entertainment of the best sort at a small cost, always available and suited to everyone. Do not forget these things. Remember that they are found only in the Edison Phonograph, because no other sound-reproducing machine is so perfect and so faultless. None other is made by the inventor of the Phonograph idea as the Edison Phonograph is. Edison Standard Record* 35c Edison Amberol Records (twice as lonsr) 50c. Edison Grand Opera Record* 75c. There are Edison dealers everywhere. Go to the nearest and bear the Edison Phonograph play both Edison Standard and Amberol Records. Get complete catalogs from your dealer or from us. NATIONAL PrlONOGItAPH CO., 7S Lakeside hm. Onat*. M. -^,«'^v^-«),j*4t-^i..^^*^,'m^Mrv.»i^^«V^rtJW»»wi*«l* No family No family "nil." PROMPT JUSTICE. The Magistrate Was Firm and Tried to Be Genial. In the "History uf Beverly." Mass.. the following anecdote Is related of good justice of the peace in the old co lonial times. On a cold night In winter traveler called at his house for lodg ing. The ready hospitality of the jus tice was about being displayed when the traveler unluckily uttered a word which his host considered profane. Upon this he informed his guest that he was a magistrate, pointed out the nature of the offense and explained the necessity of its being expiated by sit ting an hour in the stocks. Remonstrance was unavailing, for custom at that time allowed the mag istrate to convict and punish at once, and in this case he acted as accuser, witness, jury, judge and sheriff, all in one. Cold as it was, our worthy justice, aided by bis son, conducted the travel er to the place of punishment, an open place near the meeting house where the stocks were placed. Here the trav eler was confined in the usual manner, the benevolent executor of the law re maining with him to beguile the time of its tedium by edifying conversation. At the expiration of the hour he was reconducted to the house and hospita bly entertained till the next morning, when the traveler departed with, let us hope, a determination to consider his words more carefully before giving them utterance in the bearing of a con scientious magistrate. JAPAN'S PAGODAS. They Are Built to Reaist the Shock of an Earthquake. A remarkable fact in Japan Is that pagodas built hundreds of years ago embody the principle of the modern seismograph, which is to minimize the effect of earthquake motion by the combination of an inverted pendulum with an ordinary pendulum, or. In other words, by the union of a stable and an unstable structure to produce a neutral stability, which renders the whole building least sensible to earth quake shock. In the hollow well of every five sto ried pagoda a heavy mass of timber is suspended freely, like an exaggerated tongue, from the top right to the ground, but not in contact with it and at tbe shock of an earthquake this large pendulum slowly swings and tbe structure sways and then settles back safely upon Its base. This is also the principle followed in the construction of all bell towers throughout Japan, where the bell acts as pendulum, and the roof, supported by posts, forms an inverted pendulum, as In tbe seismograph. When an earthquake occurs a pagoda or a bell tower may be rotated or dis placed, but It cannot be overturned as a whole.—Wide World Magazine. Peeling a Snake. It Is difficult to skin a dead snake, and the skin is often spoiled In the course of the operation, while, on the other hand, it Is a simple matter to skin a live snake, and the skin thus gained la worth much more. Dead snakes bring from 2 to 5 cents, accord ing to their size, and live ones from 25 cents to $1. One of the largest snake skin companies has factories in Sumatra. When a snake Is received from a hunter it Is seized adroitly by an operator, one band squeezing the neck and the other holding1 the tail. It is then attached by tbe neck to tbe trunk of a palm tree, an assistant holding it by the tail. With the point of a knife the operator cuts the skin just below the bead and, pulling with all bis strength, peels it from tbe writhing reptile in the same way tbat a woman peels a pair of gloves from her hand.—Popular Mechanics. Two Points of View. "Good morning, Jones."' "Good morning, Brown! Any news today?" "Why. yes. You know my brother who works at the bank? Well, he went to business the other day and found £1.000 on tbe counter. And what do you think be did? Stole the money and tripped off to Canada. And when tbe news reached my father it broke the old man's heart." "That's funny! You know, my broth er works at a bank, too, and when he went to business tbe other morning he found £1.000. And what do you think he did?" "Wbat-stole it?" "Mo took it straight to the man ager's office. And when the news reached my father, do you know, it broke the old man's heart!"—London Telegraph. Streams of Light. One night we were in a dense crowd watching a parade when during one of those unaccountable lulls which so of ten occur In large crowds a little fel low who was perched high up on his father's shoulder shouted: "Oh, papa, you ought to see! Encouragement Artist—Yes, I keep pegging away. Sometimes I get discouraged and say to myself. "What's the use?" Friend— Don't give up. old man. You can't do worse than you've done, you know.— Exchange. Education is a capital to a poor man and an interest to a rich man.—Horace Mann. BISMARCK DAILY TRIBUNE TUESDA MORNING, NOVEMBER 9, 1909. '.&&&*> FRENCH MARRIAGES. All Probable Future Events Arranged For In Advance. On the appointed evening I arrived at the given time, and after an ex cellent dinner, at which all members of both families were present, we re paired to the great drawing room, where the chairs had been arranged in a. semicircle about two small, roapd tables. Presently two grave old gen tlemen, tbe family notaries, who bad not been seen to smile during the whole dinner, took their seats in front of the tables, and when we were all assembled tbe elder commences to read a long memoir, which he an* nounced he had compiled with the help of bis colleague. Then, to my utter amazement he began to name all the possessions of the future bride and bridegroom—so many bonds and mort gages, so many houses, farms, wood lands, prairies, articles of personal adornment, furniture and Jewels the ways in which they might be used or disposed of, what would happen in case no children were bom of the marriage, in case of death of one or the other of the parties. In fact all the misfortunes, all the most terrible and saddest events, had been foreseen, and cold chills began running down my back as I heard each new case mentioned. I was Indignant I posi tively revolted. Why were miserable questions of business allowed to fore shadow the charming union of these two young people, who had known and loved each other since childhood and whose true and pure affection was in nocent of all monetary interests? Could not all have been spared them? The next day I frankly opened my heart to Jeanne and her mother, ex plaining the sensations I had experi enced the previous evening and say ing that in my country, when two per sons were about to marry, as long as there was love on both sides and the man was able to support his wife all such questions were usually left undis cussed. They both listened to me somewhat astonished, and then Mme. de R—., whose great good sense has always convinced me, replied smilingly: "But, my dear, for us marriage Is not only the joining of two young and loving hearts. We go further and con sider the generations to come, the founding of a new family—a home. As every one knows, the first years are often the most difficult and we therefore take precautions to smooth the paths of our children by settling In their presence all business matters, once and forever, and arranging things so that the new life may develop un der the best of circumstances."—Scrlb ner's Magazine. Ours and Theirs. they are just squirting light all over fanny," said a Flatbusb man yester the peoples-Delineator. day. "We live next door to a family named Feitenour. and the other night Successful Publicity. while my family was busy reading In The king of successful advertisers the library we beard a racket on the was given an Interview. back porch. My son went out to In* "My methods are very simple," he -/estfgate, and on bis return my wife, said. "I learned them from watching a always Inquisitive, asked what bad girl trying to keep ber engagement a caused tbe noise. secret*VNewark News. «'Notbln' but a couple of cats,' Jim "A play on names unconsciously per- Way In the street netrated by my youngest son was very told ber. and tben I beard her ask. •Did you see whose they were?* '"Yes one was ours and tbe other was Feitenour's.' "-New York Press. Two Painters. Highbrow (boastfnlly)-I get 20 cents a word for my stuff. Vta a word painter. Lowbrow (scornfully)-That's nothing. get $2 a word for mine. I'm a sign painter.—Exchange. W 1 Mrs. Housewife Isn't this all you are looking for in Baking Powder'' W Everything that can be put into a baking powder to make it good, pure and effective will be found in Calumet. Everything and more that you desire and expect of any high-grade ,&*"' baking powder is positively assured you in Calumet. Then why pay exorbi- S's's's.' tant prices when Calumet will more satisfactorily attain for you a better result /'y more delicious, 'jfo''' lighter and bet- J&&'/, raised 4 ter baking W 'S'''' MimMmmmimfMmt*»0*«J Calumet is strictly a high- sK quality product, sell- ing at a moderate cost. You can't get better at any price—you can't get as good for the same money. Calumet Baking Powder is guaranteed under every pure food law both State and National. This is as much and all that can be said for the purity of any baking powder. Its superior goodness is proven in the baking. Substitutes are imitations and never as good as the original, Ask for Calumet and get it. CALUMET BAKING POWDER Received Highest Award World's Pure Food Exposition, Chicago, 1907, thereby recognizing its supreme merits. Franklin as a Swimmer. In 1726 Benjamin Franklin was working as a printer at Watts', near Lincoln Inn Fields, and taught two sbopmates to swim "at twice going into the river." With them and some of their friends from the country be paid a visit by water to Chelsea, and ••In our return." be recorded, "at tbe request of the company, whose curi osity Wygate bad excited, I stripped and leaped into the river and swam from near Chelsea to Blackfrlars, per forming on the way many feats of activity, both upon and under the water, that surprised and pleased those to whom they were novelties."— London Tatler. ONDON'S :!,,!!feElJi'Yi !h ''l!' ™*0c Every Day Service iPMip^ Chinese Temple In Boston. Boston Chinamen are rejoicing over the prospect of tbe fruition of then? hopes for years In tbe building of a temple In Chinatown which shall be the Mecca of their societies In New England as well as an object of pride to every loyal son of the oriental em pire. Trouble For Pa. "Where do they wind you up, Miss Bkreeker?" "Wind me up?" "Yes pa said yon sang mechanical ly."—Houston Post He that speaks sows, but let hears reaps.—Arabian Proverb. that Catarrhal Deafness Avoided andCured Prove this to yourself by writing us to day for a free sample, postpaid, of this permanent, safe and speedy cure—aro matic, soothing, healing. Or ask your favorite Druggist for liberal Free Sample Especially.valuable in aural affections of children mild, pure, and sanitary. Specially recommended by physicians for children with cold in the head, which so often brings on chronic nasal catarrh. Contains no harm fui drugs. Sold only in sanitary, convenient tubes and recommended by over 35,000 druggists in 26c and 60c tubes. If yours hasn't Kondon's, a 25c or 50c tube will be sent you postpaid on receipt of price, or absolutely free sample by Kondon Mfg. Company, Minneapolis, Minn. iiiiiiiiniiiiiiiuu i—THE WAY OF FAST TRAINS'—| I—TO CHICAGO—I Demonstration is the Best Evidence of Ability On August 17th, 1909, request was made for special train St. Paul to Chicago at exceptional speed. It was the final lap of an exciting "Round the World Race." This train left St. Paul 8:12 a. m. and arrived Chicago, 3:36 o. m. The first 194 miles were made in 189 minutes and the actual time con sumed in running the400mileswas420minutes. The ease with which thisremarkablerun wasaccom plished fully explains why the following schedules of the Four Daily Trains Minneapolis and St. Paul to Chicago are so regularly maintained by the North-Western Line Bedger State Express Leave Minneapolis.. Leave St. Paul Arrive Milwaukee... Arrive Chicago. EHWBM 8:05 a. m. 8:45 a. m. 7:45 p. m. 9:00 p. m. HNO-WOOM* Liatftad 6:20 p. m, 7:00 p. m. a. m. If you contemplate a trip east you will be best serv°-' by selecting the North-Western Line for a part of the icu For lowest fare*, reservation of sleeping car accommodation*, address E. L. PARDEE, Traveling Passenger Agent, ST. PAUL H. H. LANKESTER, Traveling Passenger Aftent, ST. PAUL T. W. TEASDALE, General Passenger Agent, ST. PAUL. .J."v.^f5-f ', '•'.' -'r •J-'-?"~ •*••••&• •"$• ma^mMmmmmmmmammmmKammm^mmmmmmmmmmmmmac^BBaKaaacammmmii I AtUatk Express 840 p. m. 8:35 p. m. 745 a. m. 8:30 a. m. 9:55 p. m. 10:30 p. m. 10:30 a. m. 10:00 a. m. ?i