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i ON THE . I /' Enter the Aeroine— Heroine of the Air r y? ['/r tesm V < 4 : '^o' > r ■r . m WM M •, V Ä« >', ■■ f » ■ :••• V ,; - i ' pt" - 'mä f. '■ * ■ V ä,.. , . ' !*.'•>. *-.■ v- ? ■ :\.y> I H « : i : V* '' £ >>■ ■' ^S;'' : ' ■■*•:' *i* rv' V r Aà;:-. -!*•* t . . fl AJ :l'F \ ■ w y . * / M j ai 441 - 1 * äOLi v \\ -1 Mk. I ' » *I3Ä» 1 / \ fi >fT *, ifT»« L) .» ■ ,\*Q y 6 •\ » v t f « r » ' & iy r ; ; IW' 4 i a (6 wfi SÉ < l f y 57 0 W mm m y (? s ■# 3 A&S'n HF RrT 4 ;i *1» 0 ■ Lrt X ? -T» .'■ . i» .Jst « < ï m* %fe» ; f ; t**** • V ä«fci mJ t, :>J: ; & :/> v . x. 1 -SVa Injurl«* du« to • fall; Mm«. JYancfc, also injured Ju»t after ah« had an nounced her intention of making a flight acroaa the English channel, and Mm«. Paulhan, wlf« of the fomout L>oula. There have been a few others, but their exploits have attracted lit tle» attention. Knglond has two or three woman filers In heavier than air machines. (1er man y has produced no women fliers of note—none, that Is, In aeroplanes The Zeppelin. 1'arseval and OroHS dirigible balloons have had female passe ngers In some of their fa mous flights. In America we Ijavc had Miss Katherine Wright, Mrs. Hart O. Hasg, Mrs. Cortland Field Bishop, Mrs. Clifford B. Harmon, Mrs. Wil liam K. Vanderbilt. Jr, and a few others as passengers with the "man birds" when they made flights above the earth. Mrs. Bishop was the first woman to fly In America. But no American woman so far aa known has ■y CHARLES N. LURIE. AID I to my friend the woman hater; "Well, why shouldn't wom en fly If they wish to do so?" Bald my friend the woman hater: •Ko reason In the world. They 'go up ta the air" often enough." Bo they are going up In the air, as the pictures show, but not In the sense In Which the misogynist used the words. Aviation for women has reach ed the point where the Parisian cos tumers ore designing special costumes for the sport or pastime or vocation or avocation. That means that it Is fast becoming an "Institution." One of ths lady aviators le shown In the ploture garbed for a flight. What »hall We Call the Lady Flier! A *r A s I---' * y„ t \ ._<; ft V ; I -• ■ M? j ■ * \ 7v \ ^ m / * 4 U 1 ' • if - , < mm & ■ mm é • ■ • ■ ■ m #;-Ss&Ss' yt r.W .A. v aP > /s ~y- <~ i ? he* « i 4a % ■life—a 8 =t(T r.j mm V 1. READY FOR A BALLOON FLIGHT. 2. GRAHAME WHITE AND LADY ABDY. 3. MRS. LEO STEVENS, BALLOON MAKER. 4. CAP FOR AVIATION. 5. MISS E. LILLIAN TODD IN HER SHOP. 6. COUNTESS FITZWILLIAM IN MONOPLAI. "Lady aviators" brings up another 7. MME. PAULHAN STARTING FLIGHT. 8. ALL DRESSED FOR A FLIGHT. 9. MLLE. ABOUKANA IN MONOPLANE. who are ascending In aeroplanes and balloons! Shall wo refer to them os aviatrice* (plural of avtatrlx. of which the masculine la aviator), or shall we adopt the suggestion of an Kngllsh magasine and refer to the fair tilers as "ae rognes 7" The latter suggestion has merit, but the word has one fatal da feet—It la difficult of pronunciation. PTOm some mouths It will emerge with so does a resemblance to "heroines" as to be mistaken for that word Per haps It la well to suggest a relation ship between "heroine" and "aero Ine," since the latter Is undoubtedly worthy of enrollment In the lists of the former. At this stage of the flying game any woman who accomplishes a flight Is surely a heroine. Up to the date of writing there had been many women aviators, Italy had the Duchess of Aosta, cousin by marriage of King Victor Emmanuel Franca In some respects the leader In aviation and In many respects the world's mentor In "feminism," had only three prominent lady fliers—Baroness da la Roche, incapacitated for an in definite length of time by very serious SENATOR DICK, SOLDIER AND STATESMAN HBJI4 the government cf I tha United States wants Information on military matters to whom does It turn? To the same man to whom the •täte of Ohio looks for advice and guidance In regard to Its cltlxen sol 41 er« And that man la Major General char,e * ■William Frederick Dick. Don't recognize the name! Well, you are >»ot to be blamed When the name of Ute. senior senator from Ohio Is printed In Its uoua! form the two middle see tions are out out and the name pro W f '[ I I I k J P ^ â (g , «pa ms AS ■ m-i ■ . m 11**^ ^*3 H» ' t u \ \ l ! i r * v ►41 As*; im ,v ' tm > ' RJ >-1 Y » n t m ^41| m i • va i - »T 1 rj i m* .Ali L/JB ÜL.—ir ■*VT**B "TfJP? mst wy * _After MAJOR GENERAL DICK AND STAFF. ' coeds on the. main Una as Senator jp&»rl«s Dick at Ohio. If Dick were an Englishman he would be known as Major General the Honorable Charles William Frederick Dlf-k. 'But ha is not a British or, only a plain—-very plain, It. fact—Ohioan, who shod* luster os the title of Unite» States »major .by lag to It that of major general in the Como to think àf It. major generals I are scarce In the senate these days. , Dick la the only one at present now in e'-tlve service, and his title l* only a >tla one, after all. Pressing him • m Ohio national guard been daring enougk-to go aloft as an aviator. That will come in time, no doubt, and In the meanwhile we may rest content with the fact that we have the only genuine, bona flde woman airship Inventor on earth. Hhe Is worth a separate paragraph. Only Woman Airship Inventer, ~ The name of the lady la Miss K {„titan Todd, and her poetoffice address | j. New York. She la called "probably j (be llrst woman In the world to de sign and build an aeroplane" all by herself. The Todd machine was a col lapsible or folding aeroplane, and the fact of Its existence was first made public two years ago. Since that time Miss Todd has kept busy designing and making 'mprovemente to her aero plane. She le a member of the Aero Club of America and one of the found ers of the Junior Aero club, which alms at teaching the young American idea how to fly. Miss Todd has the added distinction of being the builder of her flying machine as well aa Its Inventor. Recently she had the good fortune to attract, the notice of Mrs Russell Sags, and It was announced hard for senatorial military honors *ls ( Du Pont of Delaware, who«# - record In the civil war requires nearly a page of the Congressional Directory for Its proper setting forth. But Du Pont never got as high as the wearing of a major general's stars, so Dick would outrank him If It ever became neces sary for the president to call out the senate In defense of the country, There are a few of the older eenators who'Uaw service in the civil war or one side or the other; but, so far as patient research can disclose. Senator ( Dick Is the only one of the ninety-two, who saw service In the war with Spain. But he was only a lieutenant: I colonel then, not a major general. If For one man to be at the same time a lawmaker and an armed upholder of the law is not a frequent occur- . odde^renc*. That is what makes Senator Ijick's recent action In donning a uni lo.-ra and leading his troops In person during the Columbus street car trou bles so Interesting an event. He Is no mere "tin soldier" either. He knows all about the handling ol men from long experience. ; that there was a fair chance of some ! of old Mr. Rage's carefully hoarded money being burnt up in gasoline and oil to run the Todd machine. Commentlng on the possibility of the woman flier becoming a common sight, a leading English periodical said recently ; "It may almost be ssld that the fly Ing man lias become a commonplace of the sky of the continent, even If he is stilt a rare bird In this country. The (lying woman Is a novelty abroad and altogether a novelty here and as such and because of her own attrac lions Is arousing much curiosity. It has been said time and again that wo men are more apt to be daring than men, inasmuch as they do not always realize the extent of the risks they take. Such an argument, however, cannot possibly be advanced in con nection with some famous aviatrices. (Notice the coolness with which the Englishman assumes that that Is the proper word to use! ) Considerable experience In the art they are favor ing and considerable knowledge of the feats of flying men—and of the fate of As Senator Dick's colleague In the 1 upper national houae, Senator'Burton, I knows everything there Is to be known or guessed about rivers and harbors, so Senator Dick has a most comprehensive knowledge of things military. Full evidence of his grasp of the subject was presented a few years ago In the Dick militia or na tlonal guard bill, now known as the Dick law. It formulated the present system under which the relations of the federal government with the na tlonal guard of the various states ars governed. It substituted for the slip shod, loose system that formerly pre vailed a method of co-ordination aim cd at making the national guard a really efficient, dependable part of the national defense. It brought the mill tin organizations Into close relations with the war department and pro vlded for standard equipment, drilling of the citizen soldiers by methods «p proved by the army authorities and raised the standard of the state sol dlers almost immeasurably. Men old enough to recall the heartbreaking, task of fitting the civil war volunteers some of them—have taught them that followers of the newest of Hew sports take lives In their hands every time i they leave the surface of the earth ln 1 company with man-made wings. Ds spite this, they presevere, which 'says much for th«lr skill and their cour age. It should perhaps be said that I but on» of them, the Baroness de la j Roche. Is In the habit of making flights by herself. The others havodnade their j a,cent " ln company with men. who ' have acted as pilots of the machine, This nevertheless does not lessen the interest in them. for. whether they have be«u at the wheel or not, the mere fact that they have flown Is enough to place them among the 'aero Ines' of aviation." Must Be a Heroine es Well as Aeroine. j In one respect, above all others, the "aeroine" must be a heroine when she goes aviating. Even to a greater ex tent than the woman automohillat she must renounce all her pretensions to comeliness. Aviation Is not conducive to the preservation of one's good looks, and tha woman aviator, dressed for for active service and the army men who remember the almost equally dis couraging conditions In 189$ give their unqualified approval and un stinted praise to the provisions of the Dick law. Introduced and pushed with vigor to a successful conclusion by *he legislator who served against Spain as lieutenant colonel of the Eighth Ohio volunteers. Subsequently Lieutenant Colonel Dick became eolo nel of the Teglment. Major General-Senator Dick pos sesses one Indfepensable rharacterls *lc of the good roldler and the suecess ful politician—that Is. he never knows when he Is licked. Not that he has been licked so many times since he took up the career of a leader of Ohio's Republican destinies; but, of course, like most of the prominent men of the exceedingly lively political commonwealth, he has known what It means to have a fickle following turn one down. But he has always "come back," and today there Is no keener, shrewder, harder political fighter with in the boundaries of the state. In one detail alone pick has made a reputa tion second to none—that Is, as a po litical prognosticator. He has been known to take a given township in a given county In any part of Ohio and predict with amazing, almost uncanny, certainty how It would go In a pri mary or general election. Dick's power of political prediction, joined to his industry and persuasive ness. was the quality In all probability that first brought him to the notice of the great onea In Ohio politics. The two men with whom he was most closely connected before bis own star blazed forth on ^ie state skies were President McKinley and Senator Han na. The former placed Mr. Dick—ha was young Mr. Dick then, only thtrty four years old—In charge of the Ohio campaign In 1892 after he had demon et rated his ability in Akron, his home city. Later Senator Hanna made Dick his lieutenant, and It is the tortal toga of the "kingmaker" which Dick la wearing now. ■en a Senator Dick was born in Akron, Hie father wan a Ger receiving ». public Tschool education and working at the banking and grain commission busl nesses Mr, Dick turned his attention to the law and was admitted to the b*r In 1X91 Bifôrë~thiat time he had en» gaged In politics, receiving an election as auditor of Summit county In 181* and continuing in that office until 1891 Subsequently he became secre tary of the Republican national com mittee, delegate to Republican natlon al conventions, member of the house of representatives and senator. His . continuous connection with the na tlonal guard date» back to 1ST* WALTER P. HUDSON. Nov. Î, 1898. man miller. the occasion, is as much a "sight" as her machine or her flight In the air. Her garments get little chance In the aeroplane, set as she Is In the midst of spraying oil and the fumes of gaso line. The most favored material for worpen aviators' garments is leather, cut In aa few pieces as possible and with very few seams. In the air there Is no dust—that bete noire of woman automobiliste— but there ls»more than a sufficiency of oil and gasoline fumes to make up f tor It. "Orlmy" Is the word that must be applied to the wo man flier descending from the clouds, But there is this supreme consola t'on—It Is worth it, seconding to the te^llmonyx of all of the women who have tried the novel experience. "I never had a more delightful ex perlene«," said Mrs. William K. Van dsrbllt. Jr., recently upon her return from an aerial journey with Clifford B Harmon, and I would never ride any other way If I could help It It's a most restful feellng--no exertion, no care. 1 never thought of falling ' It is the almost unanimous opinion of the leading men aviators of the TURNING TO THE HOLY LAND FOR FOOD F OR many decades we Ameri cans have drawn spiritual sustenance from the talcs and traditions, the legends and the precepts that sprang from the soil of the Holy Land. Now it appears that we are to derive from the same soil the means of (»odily nourishment In pursuit of the policy of ransacking the earth for varieties of plants and anl mais that may be adapted to profitable reproduction in the Vnited States the department of agriculture e-ewuiy * r fTT T ■ I v l - I • } \ '.i : .«»} r . W % m n ii ; I « ES« \ ■ m i } H t. s u M •i m jf' : i ' u ' v i (*äo/y us. oept.l OF *GfHCUi. TUREÎ Bulletin ^ i / \ i ( degree. Palestine, assorts the report. Is virtually a California reduced to about ^ une-twentieth the slge of the American state, but markedly similar In general topography, climate, vegetation and agricultural and economic possibilities, ■Given such similar condition«, it foi- j I Tows that the flora of the two cohn tries will boar strong resemblances to , ««oh uvher. This Inference Is borne A PEASANT OF PALESTINE—WILD EMMER. s m. i.-..-. world that, for the present at least, ; women should not think of flying In machines by themselves, Less ob Jectlon Is raised, of course, against having wompn as passengers In the . aeroplanes, although' some demur 1* i made even against this slight con- 1 cession to the demand of the fair sex | for novelty and new sensations. Ac- I cording to the "man birds," women | are temperamentally unfitted to cope with the problems which confront the aviator. One of the most outspoken of the objectors la Charles K. Hamilton. I the famous hero of the New York toir Philadelphia and return flight. Amonr^, the others who have expressed them- i selves as opposed to Ae flying of wo- I men are Captain Thomas 8. Baldwin, ; probably the oldest and most experl- ' ençed of American aeronauts, says; who ; 1 ''A woman may be able to run a bl cycle or a motorboat or an automobile Compered with an aeroplane either Is an easy to manage as a babv carriage. a (a kes out and oitt nerve to run an aeroplane. The operator mnst cast all fear aside and have no thought for I turned Its searchlight on Palestine. | i The result of Its researches was made I J known recently in a pamphlet entitled "Agricultural and Botanical Explora- 1 lions In Palestine," from which most of the facts detailed herein are taken, In presenting to the public the re suits of Its explorations the depart- 1 j ment draws some very interesting analogies between Palestine and Call fornla. It Is stated that, the topography 1 of the AmeHpan state and the ancient 1 historic land is similar to a very high the In the machine instead of Its occupant consequences. Had a man been being Mme. de la Roche I don't be lleve there would have been any acci dent. But she lost her head and then lost control of the machine also." Dangers to Fliers end Spectators j t gy| i je recalled that the baroness was very geverely injured at the re cent aviation meet at Rheims, her arme an( j i es8 being fractured and her body sustaining other severe Injuries. ß b e was flying along smoothly when two other aeroplanes passed over her. he ruah nt a)r confused her so that cut oft her ignition and lost con ( ro j n f b( , r rnachin«.H Instead of gild j„g safely to the earth In normal fash i on biplane turned over and drop pe( j to ground with Its occupant, >phe danger to the spectator from the falling of an aeroplane also enters the minds of the experts. Without any Intention of jesting with so serl ous a subject It may be asserted that It will hurt Just as much to have a woman aviator drop on one. almost literally from the clouds, aa It will to have a man do so. out by the researches and the con elusions of Aaron Aaronsohn, the de partment's investigator, d-ho Is director of the Jewish agricultural experiment station at Haifa, Palestine analogy of the flora of Palestine with that of California justifies the expec tatlons of the best results from their In trodurtlon Into the last named state," says Mr. Aaronsohn. Especially interesting In this con nectlon !r Mr. Aaronsohn'a account of his deivlngs Into the history and cul tivation of the wild emmer. believed by scientists to be the ancestor of modern wheat, the greatest of the world's cereals, and Us important rela tives, such as rye, barley, etc. From Urne dating back before the dawn of history emmer has grown on the rocky slopes of the Palestinian mountains and hills, affording the natives a large per centage of their foodstuffs, seems to be no doubt, says Mr. Aaron sohn. that by the selection and cross ing of this wild cereal, which prefers poor, rocky, shallow, dry soli and thrives without any cultivation, shall be able to produce new race» which will be very persistent and very hardy. In this way we can extend thi cultivation of wheat to regions when It Is at present Impossible on account of the low quality of the soil and th* severity of the climate. "The world's total production of wheat will be very materially augmented." aaya the re port. • Mr. Aaronsohn has not confined hli Investigations In Palestine to the wild emmer. His researches have extended Into every variety of plant life In the Holy Land, with a view to Its adapta tion to American soil and climate Among other good things he found there Is the chick pea. which he calli "one of the most valuable b.gumei grown In Palestine." this yields twelve bushels to the "This Th*re w% * In good mn acts and sells for as much as wheat, and often more. It Is there, says the port, a remunerative crop and cellently adapted for use as a retailor crop before wheat. It is asserted thaï the chick pea will do well in the dry farming regions of the United States In a division of the report ra ex entitle* "Economic Plants Worthy of Intro, ductlan Into the United State*" mans varieties of fruit are enumerated Ther* are. It Is said, many wild types which are excellent for stock and may yield some valuable results by hybridization and selection, but also some cultivated fault varieties which would be trying In the United States. them are the almond, the apricot. quince the pomegranate, the ollv* and the fig t worth Amon* th( WILL1A5A HENDERRqn