The Glasgow courier. [volume], June 20, 1919, Page 3, Image 3

About The Glasgow courier. [volume] (Glasgow, Mont.) 1913-current

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HUNS DEMANDS RETURN
TO ORIGINAL AGREEMENTS
Allege Wilson'« Fourteen Points Are
Ignored in Shaping Conditions—
Would Concede Little.
Paris, June 16.—The German reply
to the peace treaty submitted at Ver
sailles May 7, maintains that the ene
mies of Germany have forsaken the
peace of justice to which they had
pledged themselves in the armistice
negotiations for a peace of might.
The reply, an official summary of
which was made public yesterday, pro
tests against the proposed terms in
dividually and collectively, and de
mands a return to the original agree
ments. It presses for verbal nego
tiations and states that Germany ex
pects justice on a basis of equality
and reciprocity.
The reply follows the lines of the
summary of the German counter pro
posals given out in Berlin at about the
time they were presented.
The document covers 119 pages and
includes a covering letter by Count
von Brockdorff-Rantzau under date of
May 29, which has been published and
a second section of comments follow
ing the main outline of the original
draft treaty. Two separate papers on
legal and financial questions are in
cluded as part of the general reply.
Both English and French translations
have been furnished in pamphlet form,
the former totalling about 60,000
words.
The reply begins with a detailed an
alysis of the legal basis of peace, al
leges a flagrant series of contradic
tions to this basis and points out that
the results would be the complete en
slavement of the German people and
the betrayal of all the world's cher
ished hopes of peace.
Demands Place in League.
In the counter proposals Germany
demands immediate admission to the
league of nations and part of the spir
it of the armistice agreement and as
necessary for the acceptance of the
proposed military, naval and air terms.
She then analyses the territorial
changes demanded, claiming that the
right of self-determination has been
wilfully violated throughout.
Germany assails the abolition of all
German rights outside of Europe as
irréconciliable with the preliminary
negotiations and as wolly impossible
to a great people, who not only have
supreme needs for markets and sup
plies, but who have shown themselves
capable of sharing the world's task
of colonization.
Oppose Reparation Plan.
Germany is unable to accept the
reparations commission set up by the
allies involving an enfringement of
her sovereignty but proposes a co-op
erative German commission to work
alongside it. She accepts responsibil
ity only for civilian losses in occupied
Belgium and France and agrees to
maximum payments of one hundred
billion marks, provided the other terms
as to colonies, overseas trade and ter
ritories are accepted as she proposes.
As to deliveries of ships, raw ma
terials and machinery, Germany can
meet the allied claims only in part,
largely because of decreased produc
tion.
Wants Treatment as Equal.
Germany demands that in the eco
nomic provisions she be treated on a
basis of equality and reciprocity and
not in the one sided way outlined. She
agrees to freedom of traffic on Ger
man rivers and within Germany, but
always on condition that there be no
interference with German sovereignty.
Similarly with the renewal of treat
ies lapsed through the war, she ex
pects reciprocal treatment, rather than
the assumption by the allies of the
right to say what engagements are or
are not to become operative.
The Germans refuse to accept the
trial of the former German emperor,
or to sanction his extradition from
Holland on the ground that no Ger
man subject can be brought before a
foreign court without an established
law or legal basis. Similarly she can
not agree to extradite other subjects
accused of violation of the laws and
customs of war.
Instead, Germany proposes an inter
national court of neutrals to judge
the fact of crime, the punishment to
remain with the national courts.
Labor Clause Unsatisfactory.
The labor clauses are not satisfac
tory to Germany and as a result she
again proposes an international con
ference to examine the allied and as
sociated proposals, the German pro
posals and the Berne resolutions.
A bitter protest is entered against
the occupation of the Rhine provinces
and the demand made that all allied
troops be withdrawn within six months
after peace. The occupation as pro
posed, it is contended, would break up
German economic life and allow the
prejudicing of German interests in fa
vor of France and Belgium.
The summary makes no attempt to
criticize any statements of facts or
figures made in the reply, inasmuch
as the German delegation alone is re
sponsible for them. It is stated that
many of them, especially as to the
eastern frontier, are disputable, if not
absolutely incorrect.
Under the heading "the legal basis
of peace," the German delegation re
capitulates the interchange of com
munications with President Wilson be
tween October 1, 1918, and the armis
tice, November 11.
As a result of these they consider
that Germany, as a basis of peace, has
expressly accepted President Wilson's
14 points and nothing else.
Acceptance of the terms of the ar
mistice, it is declared, was to be evi
dence of the honest acceptance of these
conditions by Germany.
It is contended that the allies also
accepted President Wilson's 14 points
and that therefore a solemn agree
ment between the two contracting par
ties. The practical applications of
these principles must be negotiated
upon, the reply says, and Germany as
serts her right to a discussion.
Points Alleged Contradiction.
Chapter two deals with the alleged
contradiction between the draft of the
treaty and the agreed basis of peace.
Various allied statesmen are cited as
having declared that the war was not
against the German people but against
an imperialistic and irresponsible gov
ernment. It is argued in the reply
that the allied powers now are dealing
with German people, ruling its own
future for itself, a fact which has
been utterly disregarded in the draft
treaty.
Argument is presented against the
separation of purely German territory
from the empire and against the iso
lation of East Prussia and making
Danzig a free city.
As to the league of nations, Ger
many, the reply says, had repeatedly
been promised that the league of na
tions would unite the belligerents, con
querors as well as conquered, to secure
the world against further disasters.
But the status of the league has been
established without German help, and
Germany is not even invited to join
the league.
Self Determination Ignored.
The right of self determination of
nations has been proclaimed, says the
reply, by President Wilson, Mr. As
quith, Mr. Churchill, Lord Grey, Sig
nor Orlando and Premier Lloyd
George, but the treatment of the in
habitants of the Sarre region and of
the district of Eupen, Malmedy and
Moresnet does not comply with such
a solemn recognition of this right. The
same, it is added, is true with regard
to Alsace-Lorraine, the cession of
which, without consulting the popula
tion would constitute a new wrong.
The third chapter deals with pos
sible results of the treaty as drafted.
The Germans claim it involves the de
struction of German economic life.
Germany's creditors could not obtain
the immense sums required from a
pauperized country. The elimination
of Germany from the world's trade
might get rid of a troublesome com
petitor, but the world, already im
poverished by the war, would become
infinitely poorer.
The world now requires an interna
tional community of labor, it is ar
gued, to which Germany agrees. But
the proposed treaty is merely a cele
bration of the last triumph of imper
ialist and capitalist tendencies. The
delegates appeal to the innate right
of men and nations. The proposed
treaty is characterized as incompat
ible with respect for this innate right.
In the resolve, however, to fulfill the
obligations Germany makes certain
counter proposals.
Calling attention to the fact that
Germany has submitted her own pro
posals for a league of nations, the
German delegates agree to negotiate
on the basis of the allied proposals if
Germany is admitted on equal terms,
as soon as peace has been signed. This
is on condition that clauses are insert
ed guaranteeing equality in trade con
ditions, freedom from external inter
ference, and the prevention of eco
nomic warfare and exclusion by boy
cott.
Germany agrees to the basic idea
regarding army, navy and air regula
tions, and especially the abolition of
compulsory military service, if this
is the beginning of a general reduc
tion of armaments and abandonment of
compulsory military çervice. A period
of transition must be allowed during
which Germany may retain such for
ces are urged eorgetwmlti-cebG
ces are required to preserve internal
order before reducing her army to the
100,000 limit. On condition that Ger
many enters the league at once she
agrees to dismantle the fortresses in
the west, and establish a neutral zone.
But no special supervision of the pro
cess of disarmament, except that of
the league, can be admitted, and an
extension of time must be granted
after discussion on the basis of equal
ity.
Oral negotiations to settle details
with respect to the surrender of war
ships and aviation measures are pro
posed.
Much space is devoted to territorial
questions. Particular attention is paid
to the Sarre district v/ith its important
coal mines. The population of this
district, it is asserted, has been at
tached to Germany for more than a
thousand years, and the people today;
are as German as they were a hun
dred years ago. The separation of the
Sarre district, the Germans say, is to
compensate France for coal destroyed
in the north. But, it is contended,
such a question can only be settled on
an economic basis, not by tearing away
a national undisputed territory and de
grading the league of nations by in
volving it in the transaction.
The German government declines to
make any reparation in the form of
punishment, and declines to pass on
to individual parts of the population
the punishment intended for the whole
community. The annexation of the
Sarre district to France would mean
the creation of another Alsace-Lor
raine, Germany claims, and spys the
whole question must be reconsidered.
Still insisting that for the greater
part, Alsace-Lorraine is German, the
Germans admit that according to pres
ent conceptions of right an injustice
wag committed in 1871, when the peo
ple wer« not consulted. Germany,
therefore has pronounced ETAOINN
therefore has promised reparation, but
it would be no reparation to cede Al
sace-Lorraine, with its immensely in
creased economic wealth, to France at
once. A vote must be taken, allowing
a choice between union with France,
union with Germany, or a free state
and complete independence.
Independent Poland.
Germany has agreed to an inde
pendent Polish state, but the terms
of the treaty include in it a number
of totally German tracts of land for
military or economic reasons, without
regard to nationality or history, has
contended. This particularly applies
to upper Silesia, and strong protest
is entered.
Germany cannot consent to the sev
erance of East Prussia from the Ger
man empire. Germany is. ready to
cede to Poland such West Prussian ter
ritories as are indisputably Polish.
It is demanded that Danzig remain
with the German empire, but Germany
is ready to make Memel, but Germany
is ready to make Memel, Königsberg
and Danzig free ports in order to se
cure Poland the promised access to
the sea, and tp grant special transit
facilities Under specified conditions
reciprocally applied.
CATTLE BLOATING CAUSED
BY EATING STOLEN GREENS
With the approach of the season at
which bloating of cattle frequently oc
curs, the bureau of animal industry
of the United States department of
agriculture calls attention to the prin
cipal causes of the trouble and also
the means by which it may be avoid
ed. Many a cow has come to an un
timely end because she become dissat
isfied with the scanty feed to be had
from the closely crop-fed pasture,
broke down a fence that surrounded
a more luxuriant growth, and stuffed
herself with the luscious stolen greens,
until she lost all desire for even an
other mouthful.
Soon her troubles begin. Fermen
tation develops in the mass of corn or
clover, and gas forms that fills the
first stomach of the cow to its utmost
capacity.
The danger to the animal from acute
bloating is not that the distended
stomach may rupture, for such an ac
cident is almost unknown. The pres
sure of the gas-distended stomach,
however, exerts a dangerous pressure
upon the heart and lungs, with the re
sult that anmilas dying from acute
bloating usually die of strangulation
through inability to breathe with their
compressed lung tissue.
The stock owner should guard
against the bloating of his cattle by
every precaution at his command.
Clover or other green vegetation, if
eaten when wet by dew or rain, seem
to be especially liable to ferment be
fore leaving the first stomach of the
animal that has fed upon them. Eat
ing excessive amounts of middlings or
corn meal will also cause bloating.
It also occurs in cattle as a result of
becoming choked. The principal
cause, however, is overeating succu
lent green forage, such as clover,
green corn or cabbage.
Change Feed Gradually.
To prevent bloating in cattle, the
animals should be shifted by easy sta
ges from dry or scanty feed to abun
dant and luxuriatnly growing fodder.
They may be allowed to feed from the
good forage for only three-quarters
of an hour on the first day they are
given access to such grazing. A full
hour may be allowed on the second
day, and by continued slow steps and
gradually lengthened stay in the temp
ting feed, the danger of loss from
bloating will be largely overcome.
But in case the first evidence of a
too protracted stay in the heavy
growth of forage should be that the
owner notices one of his animals with
sides distended, and perhaps even lift
ed above the level of the backbone,
he must act quickly. Removal of the
gas from the paunch will quickly
bring relief. If a veterinarian is with
in reach he should be summoned at
once. If no surgeon is available the
owner should immediately attempt to
bring relief to his animal.
Many cattle owners keep a trocar
and canula constantly on hand and
thoroughly understand its use. The
trocar is a sharp-pointed rod provid
ed with a metallic sheath or canula
which leaves the point of the trocar
exposed. The spot to be selected for
inserting the trocar is a point equal
ly distant from the last rib, the hip
bone, and the lateral bony projections
from the spine in the region of the
loins. Here a small cut about three
fourth of an inch long with a small
knife, and then the trocar with canula
attach may be pushed through the cut
into the paunch. The trocar is then
removed, allowing the gas to escape
through the canula. The canula should
be retained in place so long as any
gas escapes through it. Sometimes
several hours are necessary, and the
canula should be firmly tied in place.
An attendant should remain near the
animal, if possible, so long as the
canula is in the paunch.
If the animal is not distressed by
the bloating and the swelling of the
body is not great, or when the alarm
ing conditions have been removed by
the use of the trocar, it is best to re
sort to internal medicine to allay the
formation of gas. Two ounces of ar
omatic spirits of ammonia in 2 quarts
of cold water should be given every
half hour, or half an ounce of chlor
ide of lime dissoly^ -; h a p j nt 0 f tep .
id water may be given every half hour
until the pressure of the bloating has
been removed. A dose of purgative
medicine is usually beneficial after
the bloating has disappeared. For
this purpose 1 pound of Glauber 's
salts will usually prove effective.
WRITER PAYS TRIBUTE
TO ARMY MULES
Faithful Animals Haul Wagons out
Mud When Heavy Draft Horses
Fall Down on the Job.
of
Mules figured as the villains of
countless stories. Their stubborn
ness, friskiness, artfulness, malice
aforethought and original sin have
provided material for the comic papers
throughout the war. And well they
might! But now with the coming of
peace, mules, like so many of us, are
being demobilized and going back to
civil life, and a tribute may perhaps
be allowed from one who first met
them in ignorance not unmixed with
apprehension, but who ended by ad
miring and even loving them. That,
I think, is the history of many of us
who have had to deal with mules,
says a writer in the Christian Science
Monitor.
I well remember the day we got our
first draft. Fifty mules arrived late
one summer evening, and we stood
round and looked at them helplessly,
and decided which we would try to
avoid when the time came for sharing
them out among the sections. The
general idea was to regard them as
"beastly donkeys" and to bemoan our
fate in having to work with mules in
stead of horses. Before long, however,
we discovered how to get on with
Won't Be Bullied.
Mules, like other creatures, won't
be bullied, and there you have the se
cret in a nutshell. We soon found that
the great majority could be coaxed
when they would not be driven, and
would answer to their driver's voice
when whip and spur were useless. We
got our reward one day when a forage
wagon was found helplessly stuck in
the mud. The heavy draft horses
were taken out and our mules trium
phantly hauled the wagon on to good
ground again much to our delight and
to the chagrin of the driver of the
horses.
Mules like time in which to think
things over; they prefer to take no
thing new on trust, and they have a
good look at a strange place before
committing themselves to it. I think
most of our mules had lived all their
lives in the open, or else they had
forgotten what stables were like; for
the trouble there was when we moved
into barracks and they were asked to
go into their stables for the first timef
There was so much peeping through
the door, trying to dodge back when
once you were in, pretending it was
impossible to stand on the stone floor,
and starting a quarrel with your
neighbor once you were settled down.
Half the display, I am sure, was pure
devilment, for mules have a sense of
humor all their own. Patience and
quiet handling got them in at last.
Their ingenuity is marvelous. The
way in which some of them could un
do their head collar chains was extra
ordinary. We used to go down the
lines and make sure that every chain
was securely fastened, and half an
hour later two or three mules would
be loose, grazing on forbidden ground
or robbing the forage pile. Another
favorite trick was getting under the
bars of the temporary stables we oc
cupied at one time, and frolicking
around the barracks. I once watched
a big mule stretch himself out and out
until he could get under a bar that
could not have been more than three
feet six inches from the ground. You
would have thought it was some hugh
cat rather than a mule.
We had a great time when we went
overseas. Entraining and detraining
went smoothly for the most part, and
at the port the mules went obediently
up the steep ramp into the ship, till
an unwise veterinary officer tried to
encourage one with a stick. That, of
course, was just the excuse they were
wanting to make a fuss, and some of
them certainly took advantage of it.
When the time for disembarking came
we led the first few off, and then
turned the rest loose in the ship, and
they quietly followed their leader
down to the quay. Then what a roll
ing and capering started, for mules
love a roll better than anything and
seem to find great refreshment in it.
At home we made them a special sand
bath, and a ten minutes' roll after the
day's work was a part of the regular
routine.
Most of them naturally acquired
names, and here appeared a woeful
lack of originality. Any mule who
tended to show his independence by
an occasional buck was at once chris
tened Broncho—just as in the army
all Walkers are nicknamed "Hoohy"
and all Clarkes "Nobby." We had,
too, several Jacks, Tommies and Jen
nies. Tim and Toser were a beautiful
pair of quaint small mules with skins
like satin, and were usually among
the favorites for the prize that was
periodically given for the best kept
pair in the company. Then there was
Old Nellie Wallace, why so called I
never knew, hut the name seemed odd
ly appropriate to an elderly gray-fac
ed lady, who never did anything
wrong, or anything very right. The
acme of unoriginality was reached in
naming a pair Bill and Billy, respect
ively!
One laughs to think of all the
pranks thc*y played; how they ate one
another's rug during cold nights; how
at one place in England one or two
managed to break loose every night in
spite of all we could do, trespassing
on a neighboring tannit InWii; how
they used to fight and kick each other
over their food on the lines; and how
some had an absolutely uncanny knack
Of breaking away at watering time,
eluding every effort at capture till
they were tired of the game.
One recalls with tender memories
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Glasgow
Mont.
Attention Nr. Land Owner
During the year 1919 I will give special
attention to the selling of land; have made
arrangements with eastern and western
agents for the handling of land and am in
position to sell your land providing I can list
it at the right price. I would like to list sev
eral half sections together if possible, and
would like to list 10,000 to 15,000 acres right
away. If you want to sell, come in and give
me your price, as I wish to get the movement
started.
SIDNEY J. RUNDLE, President
Rundle Land & Abstract Co.
4 I
the gallant work done in heat or bliz
zard, of difficult mules who became
willing workers, of timid ones whe
grew qiiiet and trusting, of lazy ones
who turned and pulled their weight.
Mules are very human after all. .