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ft Morning.or Evening— One T«ar 81X, Month* Three Months tTIHI, tmitted, i? RAND FORKS HERALD ran IWM 09. (I»uot|»»W) ItlUlHOH. I iV Morning, Evening and Sunday—One year... CRT OABBIBB SSBTSOB. Morning or Evening—Per Month Morning, Evening and Sunday—Per Month Morning .or Evening, per week .!» All subscriptions are payable strictly in advance and will be discontinued on date of expiration unless renewed. All rights of republication of special dUpatches Herein are also reserved. ottign Bapresentatives Stevens rag, xn e, flew Torti Veoples 0*a Wdg., Ohleago. WEDNESDAY EVENING, The fact is that we drove Spain out of the Philip pines, just as we drove h4r out of Cuba. We did not pines, Just as. we drove her out of Cuba. We did not re tain control of Cuba because we believed the Cubans cap able of organizing and^conducting a civilized government of their own. Because we did not believe that there was enough civilized people in the Philippines to maintain an orderly government there we prepared to remain un til further notice. We were not required to pay Spain anything. We could, without violating any law of na tions, have required Spain to compensate us in money for the cost of the war. But, while we had fought Spain, and vanquished her, we, had no unkindly feeling toward her. Tlie decadent state of the nation was reflected In the condition of the Spanish troops, but, in striking con trast to what has been noted among the Germans, there was found among the Spaniards a spirit of sportsman ship which won our admiration even while we were ad ministering castigatibn. Spain had suffered greatly in loss of territory, power and prestige, and there was in this country no disposi tion to crowd her to thp wall. Hence, not only Was there no demand for war indemnities, but our govern ment agreed—and the adt was very generally approved hy the people—in taking over the government of the Philippines, to pay Spain a fair price for the' actual property that we took over with the government, and which had been ^rightfully owned by Spain. This prop erty included public buildings, Wharf and harbor im provements, and the like, which had been built by the Spanish government, and which were needed in our ad ministration of affairs. The price of this property was lixed at twenty millions, and we paid the money willing' ly. But-we bought neither Philippines nor Filipinos. RAPID ACTION i: Mention is frequently made of the ready respon siveness of the British parliamentary system to public Opinion. We are just now having another illustration oj this. General elections were held throughout the United Kingdom on December 14, This was for the elec. tjon of a new house of commons. On January 21 the new members will meet, the house will organize and pro ceed to business. Thus the people, in the election of their representatives, have declared themselves on the issues which they regard as important, and within six weeks an administration, having its mandate direct from the people, will be at work. The illustration is less striking than' it would have been had the existing administration been defeated and a new one elected on a platform involving radical de partures from the .course which has -been followed or jft-oposed. /As it is, the Lloyd George government has been sustained, as was expected, and it'will proceed with the carrying out of policies to which it has beeni com- and which are generally understood. But in 'either event, we have a situation in which the will of the people is given effect within a very short time, and the time could have beefS made much shorter had there been any occasion for shortening it. In contrast we have our own case. In the first week -j- In November we elected a new house of representatives. But the members then elected will not take their seats, unless called in extraordinary session, until the first week In December, 1919, just thirteen months after their elec tion. In the meantime the old house is in its closing session, doing business on the basis of the election of two years ago, and without reference to any expression at the polls at the last election. Under no circumstances President Wilson having just made a characteristic' pilgrimage to the ancient 'city of Carlisle, iCnglapd, where'his mother was born, perhaps the following information from a«re /^eent issue of a British weekly paper, may b# of Interest to some readers. .fft-ottM^'fxty-act fromta letter dated 18«5i from the Rev. Mttn MMMciiff miw 9nm3TmtaMt*t r- Published every, morning except Monday morning and tverir evening exempt Sunday evemng. Entered at Grand Bvru, North Dakota postofflc* as tecand-clfss matter. $.•0 l.tt JANUARY Y&BSSV Circulation Manager' Kind, ana so, when we look back upon it we Mill regard as the year of fate, of destiny, The Associated Press is exclusively entitled to the use for republication or all news dispatches credited to it or not otherwise' credited In this paper and also the local news publlshedherein. I, 9.19. PHILIPPINES WERE HOT BOUGHT In a recent article discussing peacc settlements, past and prospective, the statement is made that the -United Statfes purchased the Philippines from Spain at the close of. our recent war with our former neighbor. This Is distinctly an error, although it is an error of the sort that was made at the time of the settle.ment, and which was persisted in, largely for political effect, for some time thereafter. The United States did pay Spain the sum of $20,000,000, and the assertion was quite common in this country that we had bought the sovereignty of the Philippines, with their eight billion inhabitants. People who read political .literature or attended political meetings in the summer,of 1900 can easily recall such statements as that whereas the price of a slave before the Civil war often ran about $l,000r the United States had bought the Filipinos at the rate of $2.50 a head.' 'I Carlisle, Birthplace Of Wilton's Mother, Historical Town ijffltmai .J'Tyoodrow, the president's voyage, my dear partner was sick, and f^^dfrfthier, to Robert Williamson, daughter Marion he had mar- Hf. Woodrbw was born' in 179*, and, after graduating iif'ln :OM«f0W university, became tiw g^n||M»t«'^.'Of a Congregational church Aft** a pastorate' there aixUO* years he emigrated, with And their family of eight olaMr of Mrs: Wood United States, sailing arriving in. N*w forlr on 1111., Hie burden of the to is a sorrowful In* .hia ,wlfe'a death on F«b ",t|»t SMM: xftmr. whU? ho urn, legislation to war. was absent on a preaching engage ment, and an account of her in terment in "Oliver street Baptist burying ground." After some pa thetic details, he writes/of their ar rival In New York "after a long ant! out of many things, and had been for janct/ nearly seven weeks on an allowance of water, part of the time two quarts a day, and later on only one. We had many fine days, but, generally speak ing, we had gales in succession and violent head winds. We cer tainly at one time had very little hope' of seeing land., During most of the lay In bed. We often gave one an other and our dear children and sis ter to the Lord, expecting a watery grave. One dreadful night 'especial ly I shall never forget, a mighty sea broke over .us, carried off our hatch, and poured down on us in torrents. It struck the captain, who was half way. up the mioen-mast, carried off the galley and four sailors in it, but *a* fortunately stopped by the 'bul- on Very provMentially it was not the cotton, grower^ say. followed by another till our hatch wa»"put dtt and lashed. An other evening, nch^n the ship was in full gait, sho was struck by a gale, which, tore 'most of bur sails to rags iTm^inrimiY i- uigrr can the new members take their aeats until four month* after their election, a time, quite ample to. permit soihe' Issues to grow cold. 14 HAPPY NEW YEAH The year 1918 will go down In history as the last of a fateful group of years, beginning with 1914, the year which ushered in the great world war. And the world will remember the last"" year of the period as that in which the fate of*humanity hung for a moment trembling in the balance, with right and justice at length prevail ing, and the realization of peace coming to a tortured and afflicted people. The old year, whose sands have now been run, marked the high tide, and the utter collapse, of the moat threatening assault ever made on the liberties or man- .. ... it as the year of fate, of destiny. It was t}»e year in which right triumphed over brute strength, ahd in whieh there was brought into cleared view and better unoer standing the brotherhood and comradeship of man. We approach the new year with vast and intricate problems awaiting solution. President men chosen for their wisdom and fitness- will assemble to compare the views which have been formed in their own minds, and to undertake the great work of readjustment and re habilitation. That is a work requiring wisdom, patience and tact. To those who have suffered wrong somfe meas ure of recompense must be given. From those who have committed wrong some measure .of reparation must oe exacted. New nations are to be created, ahd the relations of existing nations, with cach other are to be defined. While these problems confront our wisest statesmen famine stalks abroad throughout half the world, and the affair? of millions of men and women are thrown into utter confusion, ihe'ir homes, their lives and their posses, sions are endangered by the destruction among,them of that orderly government without which human society cannot exist, and it must be the part of those who are MIXING ISSUES in the restoration of conditions in which human beings duced in the field of sports, but at that can live in security and freely work tut their destiny. The old year opened in clouds and darkness, and it required the Inspiration of faith to realize that behind It is unfortunate when a public man of recognized character and ability permits his strong feeling in rela tion to one issue to inject into it matters belonging ex clusively to another, for in so doing he weakens his po sition on both issues. That is what Senator Chamberlain does when, in insisting, very properly, on the best possi ble cape for our wounded men, and the best possible «r rangements for the demobilization of our forces, he lumps that question with the manner in which settlement is 4# be made with those who have had either regular or informal contracts with the government for war supplies. Mr. Chamberlain suggests that if the war department were to pay half the attention to the handling of its re- turning troops that it does to forcing through congrcss ^thleVc®' SOm° the darkness lay light and warmth and the power that extended to all lines of sport and held l.tu» lit. Into Npw,... ,h. this year, we can see that much has actually been won for the welfare of the human race, and in the assurance that there are splendors in store for the world of which the world has scarcely dreamed, we may wish for each other and all of our race a Happy New Year. e. of the 6 "protect contractors who made contracts for war supplies over the telephone in violation of law," That statement does not belong in the discussion which Mr. Chamberlain has undertaken, and were tne speaker to make it in any discussion he would not be doing himself or others justice. Contracts for war sup plies may have been made in violation of law. It is cer tain that many of them were without the specific sanc tion of Jaw, and without the following of all the forms provided by law. And if this had not been done, instead of preparing to demobilize, we should have been sending sionals. State championship tourna our b.UW troop. o„, ocean to drive the Huns back from the Channel jf m- The number of entrants in the Grand N When we started letting war contracts we had ahead ant contract merely because all the figures had not been iin set down in their proper places on tho usual blanks would and North Carolina averaged have deserved to be interned as an enemy to the govern ment. Contracts were let, formally or informally the goods were delivered the war job was done. The closing of the war or, what amounts to the same thing for this purpose, the. signing of the armistice, found some .contracts not yet begun, some just started, some half finished. The government had no further need for the supplies and or dered the work stopped. Is it proposed that now we have passed the emergency the government shall take advan tage of technical informalities to which it was itself necessarily a party to evade payment for goods honestly made and faithfully delivered That would be the effect of the course proposed by those who oppose the legisla tion, or something like it, asked for by the war depart ment. All necessary steps should be taken to prevent fraud and extortion. But, whatever the method employed, the government must deal justly and honorably with those who have served it in^-its time of neea, both with those who have served on the field and in the trenches, and those who have seized in the factory and the counting house. I would never advise anyone tb cross the Atlantic in winter." It may Just be added that aft^r'h'ii Witt's death Mr. Woodrbw served'a 3310 tareets shot short ministry in Brookville, Ontario, afterwards removing to Chillieothe 10m aiier a long anu 9nt .nw-,,--,!,, /,»i. 7 unpi ai more uirisBLo uin.ii any ower perilous voyage of sixty-two days.! V?aSi „n Anrti 9i is--^ T1 shooter. Ha broke 9,0*4 out of 9,470 During the latter part of it we were ?er lessie^Pr nami 44'« the oth er rled Jon*nh Rftmrifla w« in ^com- mon male name in the utatea—mar. i_j »'•-.? '•'. iv.tP •".'': i-i km .' miiiiiffllMiiiMMff High Lights On 191$ (By Peter P. Carney, Editor of Na tional Sports Syndicate.) accomplishments of the 1918 season are worth chronicling. The year was marked by conditions unlike any of previous times. The world-wide lull in public maneuvers armistice iwas signed an# several others were hanging on the ropes when the Huns gave in. Trapshooting was not irieither class. It* was the one sport developed by this war. This, however, wis only natural. When the United States got •active in the scrap many who never before had handled firearms took up trapshooting to„ "learn to shoot" and thift caused trapshooting. to become known as the "patriotic sport" and the "sport with a purpose." Was Big Shooting Year. All -things considered, trapshooting had a big year. There weren't as many targets thrown as in some other years, not as many shoots were held, but that was to be expected. Trap shooters by the thousands went off with the colors, many clubs were wrecked, but in the shoots that did take place the average was beyond any year in the/history of the sport, excepting one. The Interstate Trapshooting associ ation registered 415 tournaments, of which 365'were held. The Interstate association is to trapshooting what the United States Golf association is to golf, what the A. A. U. is to amateur and. wJjat the Lawn Tennis association is to tennis. It con tributed to 263 tournaments to the extent of $24,850. In the 365 tourna ments, 5,164,949 targets were thrown, an average of 14,160. These tourna ments do not take in club and leakue'j shoots, in which as many more tar-gets! are thrown, and In addition thT gov- I ernAent purchased 1,000,000 clay 1 n,,A„,, so that the number-oftargete trapped last year ran into huge figures. Over 7,000 Contestants. The number of contestants in the registered tournaments was 7,057, averaging 46 amateurs and six-profes- I 'SSc'Vlli »•».« ss*iz .hfws Hogans, with 314 entrants. The larg dfct resort shoot was the one at Pine-- 1 of us such a job as was never contemplated when the! More "targets were trapped in Penn I sylvania than any other state—578, existmg laws were made. Two things were essential, 98t. Pennsylvania also had the great force and speed. Cost was a relatively unimportant mat- hurst, with 114 shooters. est state shoot with 201 residents, and .. a total entry of 231. Kentucky had tci, and an official who would have delayed an import-j the greatest number of non-residents its state- with 51- F°rd a,S° 8tate8T"mar" or.- flfLl' J*®" ienson of NeWman, Cal. terUn church inStZ,nL vn uy' t0n A broken promise cannot be mend ed so that it will look like new. People who are too old to learn have oytlived their ustfulnesa ?c k, g- -"V UP trave!ed moro F-ank ment ma'deTn ntfnh experl- high average winner, yet he waui't growing and a! hi«-h man iri any one event. grown riext ^ear j&ref&j&ti- A World's Greatest Military Leaders See General Petain Made Marshal President Poineare of France, at extreme right, presenting baton of marshal to Gen. Henry Phllllppe Petain at Mcuz. Officers in line Ore, left to right: Marshal Joffre, Marshal Foch, Sir Douglas Haig, General Pershing, General Gillian, a Portuguese general whose name |s not given, and. General Hallor of the Polish army. Before a group of the greatest military Yeaders in the world's history! General Petain, commander of the French forces in the war, recently was awarded the baton of marshal, the highest military honor that can te confered. upon a French general President Poineare of the republic presented Jiim with the baton. Lined up bacK of Petals as Poineare conferred the.honor upon him were the military geniuses who led the Allied forces to victory. tude's New and up lacr vear pan tntn nntro romimc .... Jersey •shoots 14 pro-. averaged 96 amateurs in its fesslonals. Iowa led in a nurabe of shoots held, with 51. Illinois col lected the most money from the Interstate Trapshooting association to conduct its shoots, getting ?3,050. Nebraska formed the greatest number of gun clubs, 4. In the state cham pionship events two perfect scores were made by amateurs Bair, in Cali fornia, and Osborne, in Massachusetts, and by two professionals .Lewis in Illinois, and Hawkins in Pennsylvania. Frank Troeh of Vancouver, Wash., stands out as prominent in the trap shooting firmame^nt as a- sore thumb on the hand of a riveter. Every place you look Troeh {ias been' there -and cashed in with- his $15 gun. He started by winning the championship of Washington, then annexed the doubles championship of the United States, then the doublet champion ship of Canada, the international doubles championship, tied for tho international, singled championship, won the amateur and open all-round championships of the United States, was, second in the Chicago Overture, tied for high average in the Grand American tournament, and was .high average amateur of the year with 6,665 breaks in 6,845 target* shot at, a mark of .9722. He crossed the count-.-y three times, .to take in. the shoots, traveling more than 24,000 miles. Homer Clark of Alton, III., "won the professional [championship, made the longest riin of the year for a: profes sional.. 24.7, and was high average professional with 3.228 breaks in at, a mark of 9762. Or N. Ford of San Jose, Cal.. shot at more 'targets than any other 1 targets snot da"Bl?" for the remarkable average of .9602. t5*n Wri*ht was1"born' De^embe^' shoV^nHVfiplwo^T N. 16 000 miles to shoot. The longest run made by an amateur was 345, by H. G. Lor- ot GOOD COTTON. CROPS. championship of N^w Yo.rk for the fourth successive time, H, i. El Paso, Tex., Jan. 1 —Medium gast completed a run of 302 before stanle cotton was niissed in this event. An incident Paoo va?lev riP ihe .J?1 occurred in the New York state BhoOt year ??d»® that is worthy of mention George N. the ac"e Buffalo, N. Y., H! 'Pender only missed eighttargete, was the Texaa 8ent grown next year. Mexican labor is to the Grand American in Harlev E. Woodward, while Tennessee sent a 20-year-old champion in Boyd Dun can. In the Grand American, the flnt shot was fired by George Andrew Mil ler, 9 years old. The age limit in this .event ran to Ahdy Meaders. 79 years, which Is the be*t evidence that ag'e' is .'!»•» f°r plckln* *n1 hoeing 15-year-old champion *U» imi'i*.. Humanities in Education Reconstruction is a word which one hears and sees often these days. Not only is there to be. reconstruction of states, cities. Industries and homes de stroyed by the war, but the war, some people would have us believe, has shown that'many of the institutions and practices of civilized society ar'e either useless or inadequate, and these also must be reconstructed, in dustry is to be reconstructed. The church is to be reconstructed. Educa tion is to be reconstructed. Our teachers and professors have been singularly stupid, according to this view, and radical changes must be piade in education. One calnnot read what some teachers are saying, and what appears In the educational journals without the conclusion that thereJis already a considerable amount of hysteria on this subject, with dan ger that there will be much more. It is certain to be expressed in every educational convention for some time to come. We are destined to hear the most wonderful arguments for the re construction of educational systems and suggestions for bringing/it about. At last we are to have the miracle of a system of education from bottom to top that will finally fit every one pass ing through the schools into precisely the niche he should occupy, and no mistake. This will be accomplished by scientific perception of capacity an9 unerring efficiency in choice of meth ods and subjects. We should keep our heads, and be careful, too, to keep our. schools until we are sure we have better ones. Some disappointments are in store. The churches will still have To reckon with the Old Adam of human nature, and the schools, as in the past so in the future, will have a mentality to worlv upon containing a large alloy of intractability. To. adopt Professor Smiley's remark at the recent con vention of the Mideet Classical asso ciation, in every school house, there will be found in the future, as hereto fore. paleolithic children, neolithic rSPS^ ifimtn'ij au. ___0„ cliJiQi^n -Oi tnoi]83nd.difTcr^ht-' &ptla limitations. "The mussed condition of our educational pro- World-Herald. undertaking the reconstruction. 1 gram," he said, "the incoherent wrangling about educational theory, is largely due to our failure to keep .this steadily in mind." There is a chance for still more incoherent wrangling-about educational theory in the ancient humanities."—Omaha A ssap®sm Open House at the Commercial Club In thise important after the war reconstruction days, it is most necessary that we all co-operatc together for the upbuilding of our city and state. Great changes a're taking place all over the world. Socially, politically and comnic.rciallv the old order changeth. The world will be a different place in which to live and do business from this on. If Grand,Forks is to go ahead as we all want to see her go 5 if we are to continue to serve a large section of this state as we have in the past, then we must be organized and watchful In other words, "ON THE JOB." Effective work comes best through co-operative effort and co operative effort is made easy by better acquaintance and under standing each with the other. If we know the other that he is a pretty decent chap AFTER ALL. -•'.••• .. p."*' TToday the/ Commercial Club has open house from 10 a to 2 pi m. Start the new year right by getting acquainted with other citizens whpm you have not already met. Lay the fondation for a broader acquaintance with your fellow citizens' of Grand Forks which will be .qf mutual benefit to'you, the other fellow and to the city. .v -:. ... The Commercial Club of Grand Forks wishes you a verv Happy fpd Brosperous New .Year. This club pledges its be2 efforts in making your city the best ever. 5 i'V 'V fifx V/ The Commercial CIu8|i)f Xirand -ForlcS^ Their task of educational training revealed In the war, an ad- dress on the subject of education made a few weeks ago by M. Lafere, minister of public instruction—French THE NEW YEAR. A Each nfomlnf we shall cut with we Time's keen knife The pages, white and spotleps to the eye. fingers, The the chapter Some shall complete ArtdSfind fife's narrative for them .. onc^ so jure, shall PpenC'that was but loaned to Few gS»me'brings itself to start C, We are^he architects that plan and. shape our years. Man writes the record of his life in (Yea'r^are but chapters of the book-"' His actions* not his oft-repeated.,_ Indelibly shall stamp each glisten jnsc sheet. Nothing but empty pages brins the- It playiTno favorites with high orV What shall be written when we finish We must determine as the days Time has no power the lives of rtten to bless. Man is the author of his own success. Another year to fill with service true!: God grant that we may toll witn courage fine, And .with the old ideals blend th«„, new. .. With neither shame nor sip to mat a line. May this book match the splendori of the old, The trend of exhortation and prophecy is to extol the scientific, the technical and the vocational in the schools. The suggestion came early in the war from an observation of the "efficiency" with which Germany managed everything. It is now high time that those who were such great admirer^ of German efficiency should inquire whether there is! not some thing admirable also, and wonderful, in the efficiency of the allied nations and of the United States that has been matched'against the efficiency of Germany and has prevailed against it, while, so far as school product in character is concerned, who would mer'siinister of Munitions and French now want to exchange that in France. socialist leader, writes an editorial in England or America^ for such as has I j/infornlation under the heading. "To been exhibited in Germany for the American Friends," in which he la«t four years. deplores what he calls "the com- May it relate mans progress to ward his goal. And when at last the finished tale it told, •, In this promised reconstruction the p]etcness with which Americans haye contest between the humanities and abandoned consideration of war prob-~ the sciences will break forth again, and, considering the impression that has recently been made by Germany May it proclaim the splendor of hli soul. God grant this year with joy and peace shall glow And send to all the strength to makt it so. I FEARS "BUSINESS DEMON." i: Paris, Jan. 1.—-Albert Thomas, for- loms to dcvote themselves to buslr ess He gaVR he hears much talk cf aproemPnts \vith application of the sciences, and the iiiv nffem nndo to chemical nrod importance of technical and ocatioflal French Jellow. we find 'V P": This club has nothing to sell. Its business is to promote interests of Grand Forks city and county and of Nnrtli n„i It repre?ents\ilinterests alike. Dakota. ''Avf & vk industry, ""^bly offers ma le cnemicai proa ucts manufactuieis to become agen in France for American producers. "May I venture to say," M. Thonlas French minister of public instruction,' says, "that this state of mind is not is remarkable. It is a plea for Greek I good and is contrary to the concep and Latin. He says the mistake must tion of a world organization as not be made, in this age of science formujated by President Wilson.' and industry, of .separating the hu- America's immense services to France manities from scientific study, and were not limited to the sending of $ declares the secret of French resist" great numbers of soldiers at the most'.* ance and victory in the present war: tragic moment of the war, but Amer-. is the influence of classic, traditions and example of French character. There is set the contrast by so re spectable an. authority as the French ica's resources were put in common In the organizations which regulated the reserves of money, raw material, ships, and manufactured articles. Economic agrPements tmanH i,ions are the Entente cement for the rlrrnm^anrM a sinmiiarVv Cnr JJi™ victory which has been won. circumstances a singularly Impressive .. .. .. claim. It cannot fail to have great in- "s., their work is finished, fluence in any consideration of edu- and conven- Amerl-... ll'P Wt,onK. cational reconstruction. I The article pleads for a contlnua M. Lafere declares that this princi-1 tion of the economic cmente to pre pie is at the very root of French n»-|vent speculators front exploiting the t.ional education. "One thing is beyond various countries and asks Americans question," he says. "It is that for the to complete their military victory by formation of thought and character, generous aid toward reconstruction in for the moral and civic education of I which "the business demon" should the present age, we have to draw up- not have first place. on the old sources of Latin and Greek education. Let us keep our old inheri- Few of us are interested in those tanco of Gallic strength and daring, pavements made of. good intentions, but let us not put aside the intellec-|as we do not expect to go there, any tual and moral discipline we owe to way. V'" Si'L' -i-i:'- .. th* u. 'w