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Ti ••'. :'f in m\ T.» Mm "%^f%.:. fc \m 63* One of its interesting features is a pneumatic cnisson, in which the air pressure can be regulated so as exactly to correspond to any level iu the atmos phere. The student placed inside of it is exposed, in this respect, to the con ditions he would encounter iu a climb upward to lofty altitudes. The temperature inside the caisson is likewise under control, so that the occu This difficulty is ingeniously overcome by an invention which Joseph J. God- Grains of Gold AMi of the world's most prolific gold fields at the present time is iu the Kolar district (Mysore State) of India. Discovery of it was made iu a curious way. In prosperous years, when the god favored the valley with an ample harvest of rice, grains of gold were found now and then on the rice ears. This greatly mystified the natives who ascribed the gold to supernatural powers. What probably happened was that these grains, derived from the gravelly .. soil, lodged on the young rice plants when they were being grown in nur series (for subsequent transplantation to the fields) and flooded at intervals with water. The strange occurrence, at first ileemed supernatural, led to the discov ery^ that the gravels of the valley were rich in'gold, brought, down from the 'mountains. Since then the,Kolar dis trlct has contributed largely to the •world's supply!of the yellow metal. W* *1 A-*K -Hj* Lttj A Wst"' i- J- SL ^'ji^ r. f- '^r!l?- -.r^'li f" .^.' V: Caisson in whicr. air pressures for various altitudes are reproduced Physical Tests for Aviators Without Sending Them Aloft "tHE famous military academy of St. Cyr, in Fraud has recently estab lished ail aerotecbnic department for tin: training and testing of student aviators, and also for the working out of prob lems that have to do with flying. f'V ^v.ouiw «UL-»I_'2:^1. -Oi-yi j^.it. pant may experience just such a gradual chilling of the air ubout him as he would meet in a climb far into the sky. Accurate recording instruments take note of his lung action, blood pressure and capacity of resistance to cold and. when he has endured the test and has come out of the caisson, measurement is made of the strength and fullness of his heart beats. For theoretical great altitudes, he is provided with a respirator mask and tank of oxygen, just as would be the case if he were flying at a level of five miles or higher, where the air is so thin that a man cannot get enough oxygen into his lungs to keep him alive. Strap on Your Umbrella TF ONE happens to have several bun dies to carry or is otherwise re stricted ,in one's anji movements, while wtlking about on a rainy day, the :,rtrrying of an umbrella is an awkward inconvcnience. aid, of Mobile, Ala., has newly pat ented. 1 It is a .simple arrangement,, consist ing of a straight piece of wood, flat, and easily hidden beneath the coat at. the back, to which straps are attached in such wise as to paps over the should ers and around the body of the wearer. The handle of the umbrella passes throrgh two U-shaped clamps, and is thereby secured to the straight piece. Thus adjusted, the umbrella becomes ii sort of extension of the wearer's backbone. Its stick is erected behind l:fc head, over which its protection is spicad, leaving his hands free to attend to other things. BreaMfyi stones for the dike Artrrr j. *$r 0 .ass* interior of great wind tunnel in which rttodei airplanes are tested Weeds Turned Into Fabrics ACK of cotton and wool for'German textile factories during, the war brought about some valuable discoveries in regard to the usefulness of other fibers. The stinging nettle was planted over wide areas, and its fiber proved so sat isfactory that even now 100.000 tons of it are being used annually in Germany for textile fabrics. An excellent thread is also made from it. Anew and very promising fiber, which affords a good substitute for wool, is obtained from the commou bulrush, or "cattail," of the swamps and stream banks. Its yield is many times greater than that of the nettle. Stapcl, a fleshy-leaved plant, has proved available for the production of a valuable artificial fiber, which is ob tained by reducing it with chemicals to a pulp and passing the latter through a group of fine, nozzles. The stuff issues from the nozzles iu delicate threads, which arc spun and woven. This fiber is much cheaper than artificial silk, and fabrics made from it resemble cotton or wool, according to the method of treat ment. A number of large factories in Ger k\ idicr, atter undergoing caisson test, has his heart beats measured many are now engaged in the production o£ paper pulp yarns. These are not to be confused with the paper yarns manufactured in that country during the war, which were made by cutting paper into narrow strips, wetting them and twisting them into threads. Fins Valuable "\TO\V that shark fishing has become a considerable industry, the skins being valuable for leather, there is op portunity for those engaged in it to derive additional profit from the fins. Shark fins arc highly prized as an article of food in the Orient, fetching sixty-five to seventy-five cents a pound and the supply does not equal the de maud. Aboiit five tons of tbem are received monthly at San Francisco, and of this quantity the built is exported to China. The tail fins have no market value. It is the dorsal pectoral and anal fins that are desirable, chiefly for soup. The fisherman should trim away all the fleshy parts and dry the fins thoroughly in the .sun, without salting. Holland Engineers Project Dike Thirty Miles Long to Dry Up Picturesque Zuyder Zee AXTHAT may fairly be called the most Away back at the beginning of the ocean swept away the intervening low- dike thirty miles long, from Wieringen The dike will be sixteen feet above will take nine years, it is estimated, picturesque engineering enterprise Christian era there was no Zuyder Zee. lands, uniting with the lake, and form-' to the Frisian coast, for a barrier sea level, built of broken rock and and will cost over $20,000,000 in history is now beiug undertaken There wan a large lake called Fievo, ing a vast body of shallow water which against the German oceaji. This barrier concrete, and rc-euforced with "mat- The entire work will cost $125,000, for the draining of the Zuyder Zee, in which was separated -from the Ger- has ever since remained. will keep the sea out, and the rest of tresses" composed of bundles of tree- 000. It will reclaim 827 sqnare miles Holland, most of which will thereby man ocean (or North sea) by a wide Most of this Zuyder Zee is not over the business is merely a matter of branches wired together. Running along of laud, and will occupy about thirty be converted into dry land, available for belt of low-lying territory. But the thirteen feet deep. The present proj- pumping the water out of the area, the top of it will be a double-track fiva years. As soon as the dike is agriculture and other profitable uses, tempestuous waters of the German ect is simply that'of constructing a thus inclosed. railroad. The construction of the dike finished pumping out will begin. There Fishing craft en th« Zuyder Ze* ^rr Vc.„M I gf SMALL MmMa This latest improved X-ray pierces wood, steel, cast iron and other sub stances opaque to light rays. It is possible to see a nail in the middle of a solid block of wood, to discover flaw in solid steel or to distinguish the make-up of a shotgun shell, show ing the buckshot, powder and detonat ing cap. From a medical standpoint the new device is expected to prove invaluable in the diagnosis of an ailment. It is nifde possible to photograph the human bod in action, and to seek out a flaw iu the system. Such a film shows the action of the bones of the hand or foot as the fingers nr toes are moved, the wrist as it is bent, the elbow as the arm fs doubled up and straightened out, the knee and ankle in the same motion, the teeth, showing fillings and nerves. For years the X-ray has been the ally of surgery, but until the portable X-ray machine was perfected it was necessary to transport the patient to t.ve hospital. Sufferers whose condi tion forbade being moved were thus deprived of the'X-ray benefits. Kewtpn* View f#v llliWi^L TI/TEDICAL scicuoe and the world of business are interested in the per fection of the motion-picture X-ray recently worked out in the laboratories of the General Electric Co. by Dr. AV. I,. Coolidge. of the research staff of Dr. Charles I'. Steimnetz's.great organ ization. Flaws in mechanical construction are to be detected with the new device. If a buyer is skeptical of the purity of the product offered him, he can take it into his laboratory and turn the latest kind of "movies" on it. IL..it is-a piece of machinery, the film will show it in action ami reveal any imperfec tion. S/'W/ ^^nK9Ba HHI -b- Mouth of wind tunnel for testing airplane models. Operator at table measures velocity of wind passing through the tunnel Hot-Water Bag for the Baby children sometimes object, to waterbottlo sure to be most acceptable, attractiveness to the objecting youngster, hot-water bottles us bedfellows, not The doll is made of rubber, of course. Mr. Chamber's invention overcomes, deeming them attractive. To overcome But its head unscrews, when the bottle children's objections, for camouflaged as this difficulty, Alden R. Chambers, of is to be filled, and, when squeezed, the a doll they are eager to take the bottle Winthrop, Mass., has invented a doll dolt will whistle, thus addiug to its to bed with them. Some New Things X-Ray Movies Show Putting the engagement ring on her finger as shown by X-ray motion pictures But now the new portable X-ray electric-light socket, and if desirable, a outfit can be taken to the bedside of motion picture of the diseased organ the patient and attached to an ordinary can be made. Making "mattr—m" •it $ -v» *B fe.4v f'-wM will remain a lake covering 600 square miles, to serve as a reservoir during periods when, owing to northwestern stonns. the waters of the river Yssel and of the canals cannot be emptied into the German ocean. The area will constitute a twelfth province. craft -.HHM -M*?. .4 .ak-.v'y^ 'i- -$i 4 '-I'"-' iiu'-v. s. Vk •rJy* r" •S-UK: 1 j$: wm