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BOOKS THAT INSTIGATE CRIME IN BOYS THE CXEVER "RAFFI/E^f M ORDER OF BOOKvS AND THEIR UNWTERARY INFIAJENC^. DETECTIVE JTORIB^ ANI> THE PROBI^BMvi 1 THEY »SUGCBvS'T. YOUNG LrEONARDi\S \ST\JTTT OP THI^T KINI> OP NARRATIVE. T TNPRECEDENTED In the history || of the Tombs prison is the num of boys and youths who are con fined there, and In the majority of cases they are confirmed readers of a new literature of crime. Novels of the sensa tional kind which deal with the exploits of white haired and gentlemanly thieves, with tho stories of amateur Bells and Their Making CiURCII bells are of very ancient origin. The ancients, us we learn from the direct and Inci dental mention of them by the old historians and other writers, had bells 'for both sacred and nrofano pur poses. By Strabo wo are told that market time was announced by their sound, and by Pliny that the tomb of an ancient king of Tuscany was hung round with bells. The hour of bath- Ing was made known In ancient Rome by the sound of a bell; the night watchman carried one, and it served to call up the servants In great houses. Sheep had them tied about their necks to frighten away wolves, or, rather, by way of amulet. In our own day this custom, like many oth ers, serves to remind us of former times. Faulinus. Ulshop of N'olu, is generally considered as the first per son who introduced bells into ecclesi astical service, about the year 400. And we are told by ancient historians that in the year 610 the Bishop of Orleans, being at Seno. then in a state of sle;y<?, frightened away the besieging army by ringing St. Stephen's church bells, which is a clear proof that they were? not at that time generally known In France. The first large bells are men tioned by Bede, in the year 6SO. Before that period the early British Chris tians made use of wooden rattles to call the congregation of the faithful together. Hand bells probably first appeared at religious processions, and were afterward used by the seculars. The small bells were not always held in the hand; they were sometimes sus pended from a stand and struck with hammers. The arrival of kings and great per sonuges was anciently greeted by ringing tho church bells. Ingulphus, abbot of Croyland, who died übout 1109, speaks of them as being well known in his time, and pays that "the first abbot of Croyland gave six bolls to that monastery— (hat Is to say, two great ones, which he named Bartholo mew and Beladlpe; two of a medium tilze, called Turketullum and Beterine; two small ones, denominated Pega and Bega. He also caused the great beil to be made called Oudla, which was tuned to the other bell, and produced an admirable harmony, not to b<> equaled in England." The bells used t>i the monasteries were sometimes rung with ropes having brass or silver rings at the ends for the hand. They were anciently rung by the priests them selves, afterward by the servants, and sometimes by those incapable of other duties, as persons who were blind. In the nourishing days of Pon ery bellH were actually baptized and anointed with the chrism or holy oil. They were ulso exorcised and blessed by the bishop from a belief that when these ceremonies had been performed (hey had power to drive the devil out of the air, to culm tempests, and keen away the plague. Tho ritual for these ceremonies Is contained in the Roman Pontifical and Is still used In Roman ( athollo countries, where it is üßual to give the bells the name of some saint as was formerly done In England The doctrine of the Church of Rome concerning bells Is that they have merit and pray Ood for the living and the dead; second, that they produce devotion In the hearts of the faithful The dislike of evil spirits to bells Ih extremely well expressed by .Wynkeii cracksmen and of polished highwaymen, are the mental food upon which these juvenile criminals nourish and stimu late their imagination. Those who havu come In contact with them and: have learned their life stories say that in fully twenty-live per cent of the cases, and perhaps more, the downfall and ruin of tho prisoners was due to the de Worde In tho Golden Legend. Ths passing hell was anciently rung for two good purposes— one to bespeak the prayers of all good Christian peo ple for a soul just departing, and the other to drive away the evil spirits who stood at the foot of the bed or about the house. Such was tho gen eral opinion respecting the efficacy of bolls before the Reformation, but since that period "it has been the usinil course in tho Church of England that when any nick person lay dying a bell should toll to give notice to. Ihe neighbors that they might pray for the dying party, which was commonly called a passing bell, because the sick person was passing hence to another world, and when his breath was ex pired the bell rung out that the neigh bors might cease their prayers, for that the party was dead." It Is now only tolled after death. The saints' bell was not so called from the name of the saint that waa inscribed on it, or of the church to which it belonged, but because It was always rung out when the priest came to that part of the service, "Sancte, Sancte, Sancte, Domlne Deus Sab aath;" purposely that those persons who could not .come to. church might know in what a solemn office the con gregation were at that Instant en gaged, and so. even In their absence, be once, at least, moved to lift up their hearts to Him who made them. Bells at one time were thought an ef fectual charm against lightning. Tho frequent firing of abbey churches by lightning confuted the proud motto commonly written on the bells In their steeples, wherein each entitled itself to a sixfold efficacy, viz: Men's death I tell by doleful knell, Lightning and thunder I break asunder; On Sabbath all to church I call; Tho sleepy head [ raise from bed, The winds, so n>ree. I do disperse, Men's cruel ragu 1 do assuage. Whereas It appears that abbey steeples, though quilted with bells al most cap-a-pte, were not proof against the sword of God's lightning. Yea, generally when the heavens In tem pests did strike fire the steeples of ab beys proved often their timber, whoso frequent burnings portended their final destruction. It has anciently been reported, observed Lord Bacon, and is still received, that extreme ap plause and shouting of people as sembled in multitudes have so rnrl (lcd and broken the nlr that birds dy ing over have fallen down, the air not being able to support them, and It is believed by some that great ringing of bells in populous cities have chased away thunder and also dlssipatd pes tilential air. All of which may be also from the concussion of the air, and not from the sound. Ever since Hip introduction of bells the English have been distinguished for their proficiency in the art of ringing nnd further par tiality to this amusement. Try Hot Water The best toilet preparation in the world is plain hot water. Here are some of the uses to which it may be put: I nink a bowl of It every night If you want good digestion, good Bleep and a clear complexion. Put a bag of It to your feet when you have a cold, to your back wheri you have a backache, or at the nape of the neck when you huve a headache or cannot sleep. Bathe the eyes with it when they are Inflamed. Souk the feet In It when they are tired. Somehow, the temperature always drops when the fall comet*. Most things usually do.* LOS ANGELES HERALD SUNDAY SUPPLEMENT. reading of books which glorified and Idealized the deeds of daring . law breakers. To this company belongs Henry Am brose Leonard, the New York stripling Books Flood the Literary Market Now THE flood of new books from the publishers is very close to high water mark this fall. The num ber for the autumn season already ex ceeds 1500, and there are many more to come before the holidays are at hand. It is worth noting also that women authors are increasing. In published- lists of this season's fiction there are '84 books written by ivomen and 212 by men. The novels by 'women authors Include "Rose of the River," by Kate Douglas Wiggin: "The Man of the Hour," Octave Thanet; "The House of Mirth," Edith Wharton; "The Traveling Thirds," Gertrude Atherton; "The Gambler," Katherlne Cecil Thurston— all notable books. "The Fort in the Wilderness," by Edward Stratemeyer, is a romance In that author's "colonial series" and, like its predecessors, . is bound to be popular with boy readers. The scenes ol the story are laid at the time of the conspiracy of Pontlac, a larger portion of the action taking place at Detroit and around the great lakes. "THE FORT IN THE WILDER NESS. By Kdwartf Stratemeyer. Boa ton: Lee & Shepard. Another of Edward Strntemeyer's books on a widely different subject from the above is "Dave Porter at Oak Hall," which is the story of a typical American school boy's exper ience at boarding school. Like all of the author's stories, this one has a bright, cheery tone and no reader will learn anything but good from It. . It is the first volume of a line to be is- Hued under the generul title of the "Duve Porter Series." DAVE PORTER AT OAK HALL. By Edward Stratemeyer. Boston. Lee & Shepard. "The Abandoned Farm," the lust work of the veteran novelist, Mary J. Holmes, shows no diminution in her power to interest and Instruct her hoßts of readers. The subject this time is a house party among the mountains, given by a New Yorker who supposed ho had Inherited the place from n de ceased relative. It turns out, however, that a young waitress employed at the place was the rightful heir. THE ABANDONEE* FARM. By Mary J. Holmes. New York. O. W. r.'UHnghani Co., For sale by C. C. Parker. ..■•... "Flower Babies," by Elizabeth May, is a color book for the llttlo ones and It will certainly nppeal to their young hearts. While each page Is bright with one of our common flowers it but serves an a background for some ap propriate scene. For instance, that quaint wild flower, the Dutchman's ripe, serves as a border for a scene depicting a Jolly Hollander puffing his long pipe while he holds convrse with a wooden-ehoed youngster. FLOWER BABIES. Ry Elizabeth May. Akron Ohio: The SuuMeld Publishing Company. "Amy In Aeadla" la the first volume of a second series of the "Brenda" books which have gained much popu larity for the author, Helen Leah Reed. The scene is laid in Aeadla, which la certainly a tine background for a story. AMY IN AOADIA. By Helen Leah Reed. Boston: Little, Brown & Co. Those who delighted in Edwin I. Babin's "Roy" sketches when they ap peared In serial form will welcome them gathered in a bound volume. "When You Were a Boy" will appeal not alone whose Imagination . was carried away with the reading- of detective stories and accounts of criminal finesse until he thought It would ba an exploit worthy of any. man to rob a bank of hundreds Helen Leah Reed AUTHOR OF "IRIIA AND NAP.* <£> 3> to boys themselves hut to the fathers of the boys as well. No writer hns caught the real boy spirit more truly and set it forth more pleasantly than Mr. Snbln. Look at the headings of a few of the chapters: "You at School," "The Circus," (Join 1 Fishln'," "A Boy"s Loves." The book is p.-ofusely and ap propriately illustrated. When You Were a Boy. By Edwin I, Subin. New York: The Baker & Taylor company. Kdward S. Wilson of Columbus, 0.. has written an interesting little book on the '•Polltlcnl Development of Porto Rloo."- Mr. Wilson was appointed United States marshal of the Island by President McKlnley in 1900 and reap point ed by Mr. Roosevelt four years later. He resigned the following year. He was. thus enabled to observe this effect of our acquisition upon the peo ple of the Island and venture, an intel ligent opinion upon their future. In the opinion of Mr. Wilson the United States owes a big debt to the island which ho hopes the country will soon pay. Political Development of Porto Rico. By Edward S. Wilson. Columbus, Ohio: Fred J. Heer. A real homelike, happy story is "The Larkins Wedding." by Alice McAlllly Mrs. Larkln, the leading character, Is a cheerful, light-hearted washerwoman, who sets out to marry her pretty daughter Patty. Patty of course gets married, hut not to the man her good ma had first selected. The Larkins Wedding. By Alice McAlllly. New York: Moffat, Yard & Co. "The Fusser's Book" is what Anna Archibald and Oeorgiana Jones call a collection of "rules," enunciated by them for the amusement and Instruc tion of their fellow beings. Some of the rules are sensible, some nonsensical and a few have a, philosophical tinge. Taken as a whole, however, they make a very readable little volume. The lllustra of thousands of dollars In securities. Novels In which the consummate thief was exploited were the inspiration of his sensational crime. One of the pricipal duties of s wardens tlons, all very appropriate, are done by Florence Wyman. The Fusser's Book. By Anna Arch ibald and Georgiana Jones. New York: Fox, Duffleld & Co. "Sweeter Still Than This" is a book of love poems from the pen of Adah Louise Sutton. The volume is especially suitable for a holiday gift, being a. beautiful piece nf bookmaking. The poems are musical and many of them ring with exalted sentiment. There are appropriate illustrations and each page is decorated with tinted borders. It is printed in four colors. Sweeter Still Than This. By Adah Louise Sutton. Akron, O.: The Saal field Publishing company. "The Joys of Friendship," a compila tion by Mary Allette Ayer, makes a very appropriate gift book. The pas sages quoted all have reference to friendship and have been selected with rare discrimination. Tho binding and topography are In happy harmony with the selections. The Joys of Friendship. By Mary Allette Ayer. Boston: Lee & Shepard. "Love, a Mosiac E.say," is another the brochures compiled by Paul Elder, and consists of appropriate quotations gathered from philosophers, presenting the subject of the volume In its highest Interpretation. There is a frontispiece. "Mother and Child," after Toulmouche. I Love, a Mosaic Essay. By Paul Elder. Sun Francisco: Paul Elder & Co. "Tommy Joyce and Tommy Joy" 1? the story of the adventures of twj boys, the first a spoiled child of wealth and the liitter a plucky little orphan. The two form a novel partnership and see and do many things ashore and afloat. Tommy Joyce and Tommy Joy. By Harriet A. Cheever. , Boston: Dana Estes & Co. Three city children— Edith, May and Agatha Armstrong— spend a summer with their mother's spinster cousin. This visit Is fruitful of adventures, which the girls and kind hearted Miss Eunice Verney relate In a series of letters that Mrs. Laura E. Richards has given to her girl readers under the name of "Tho Armstrongs." The Armstrongs. By Laura E. Rich ards. Boston: Dana Estes & Co. "The Woozlebeasts." by J. P. Benson, Ih an up-to-dato wonder book which ennnot fall to amuse the elders and it will certainly make the youngsters look upon Its unique pictures with open-eyed amazement. The Woozlebeasts. By J. P. Benson. New York: Moffat, Yard & Co. The American Book company has just ipsuert a number of text books for use in schools and several especially for <ollege students. The volumes all have the merit of being strongly and appro priately bound, the type clear and the paper of excellent quality. The list In cludes Ferris' Cieometry, Lamherton's Thucydldes, Beldlng's Commercial Cor. lespondence, Carpenter's Africa, Tur pin'a Hose Primer. Woodhull's Physical Science, Somervllle's Algebra. Mather's Caesar. nurton'B Livy, Lyman's Arith metic and Conley's "La Fllle de Thuls. knn." American Book company publishers, Washington square, New York. . When Gertrude Atherton visited Southern California last spring it was find of the teachers who look nfter ths prison schools those days la to conflln ente the novels which mnke the crim inal a hPro nnd n modern knlglit errant. Most of these books nre smuggled Into the prls-on by friends nnd relatives, who yield to the Importunities of those who crave their favorite literature as nn opium fiend does the drug which soothes his nerves or the dipsomaniac the cplrlts which raise him from sodden lethargy. Such novels are found hidden beneath beds nnd under blnnketn or secreted in recesses. Just as the felon who plans escape would hide away sawa nnd knives. So far as the Juvenile offenders are concerned, this literature which they crave Is the mentis of putting dis tance between the details of their prison life nnd the world of their own maklnre In which they lived and in which they conceived the crimes which brought them into the clutches of the law. Deadwood Dick and the James brothers are not tho stuff of which crimes are made these days, for the youth of this latter day go to the au thors of literary skill for their inspira tion. Their heroes are like Raffles and Stlngaree. Deeds which require only physical courage do not appeal so much as crimes which have their Inception In j Intellectual smartness. There Is a steady demand for accounts of law breaking with a highly polished ve neer. The young criminal likes the de tective story In which the hunter of murderers and robbers uses subtle de duction, but most of all he likes his detective stores reversed. The outlaw he fancies escapes In a dress suit and n hansom cab. The stilted speech of a Raffles or the blithe remarks of Stlng aree are much to the liking of the readers of this new primer of rascality. Sherlock Holmes and his faithful bi ographer are becoming slow coaches these days, for they are respectable and honest In a way nnd are given to pages and pages of preaching. Nothing Is so distasteful to the readers of the dollar dreadful as a finale which has a lesson. It is well enough to see the villain foiled In a play, for In the melodrama vindication of virtue and triumph of honesty are In the moral property room and must be lugged out to keep up the Illusion. But In the books the eager student of crime wishes something practical. It is not to his purpose to see the evil doer caught. He prefers to have him drop Into a concert unexpectedly with a brace of revolvers and then take to the Australian bush with a pleasant nod of the head and a threat to perforate nnybody who follows. Stlngaree, who escapes, and Raffles, who slips softly away, are admired by the followers of this new and practical cult. Above all those who are sitting at the feet of the creators of the suave and engaging burglars and highway men of the present day fiction delight In the hero who is talked about, yet the throng passes by unobserved. . Studies made of many of the cases which have come under the observa tion of the police show overwhelming pride. The most notable of this char Intimated that she was getting ma terial for a new novel. That there was a wee bit of truth In the hint is to be found upon turning the leaves of her latest books, "The Traveling Thirds," for one of the characters is christened Catalina Shore, and she hails from that lovely isle off San Pedro so vleai to the hunters of the tuna. The Moul tons—husband, wife and two daugh ters — are doing Europe accompanied by their California cousin Catalina. Upon the urgent entreaty of the latter the party journeys to Spain, and it is in that land of romance the main action of the story takes place. • The Traveling Thirds. By Gertrude Atherton. New York:~" Harper & Brothers. For sale by Stoll & Thayer. A sorrowful novel yet full of power and possessing a fascinating sort of In terest, is "The Trident and the Net." by the anonymous author of "The Martyrdom of an Empress." The scene is laid In Brittany, and the lead ing characters are a mother, the Mar quise de Kergoat, and her children, Loic and Gaid. The latter is disliked— hated with an unnatural hatred— by her mother, while the marchioness idolizes yet continually nr.oß her son. The love of brother and sister is al most sublime and tends to make the misfortunes and sad end of tho former all the more deplorable. "Truth is stranger than fiction," and there Is ap parently about as much truth us fiction in this story. The Illustrations are in water colors, done by the author. The Trident and the Net. By the author of "The Martyrdom of an Em press." New York: Harper & Brothers. For sale by Stoll & Thayer. A very clever satire on that exclusive set of men and women which Is often referred to as "Our best society," Is the book bearing that title. Because many of the characters are drawn from life (In New York) with very thin dis guises, the publishers having deemed best to conceal the identity of the author, so it Is printed anonymously. Whether It will become as popular as did a book In somewhat Bimilar lines, "The Potlphar Papers," published in the last generation, » is doubtful. It Is certain, however, that "Our Best So ciety" will be very anxious to ascer tain the personality i : the writer of this book. Our Best Society. New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons. For sale by Stoll & Thayer. In "Mrs. Raffles," which the author, John Kendrick Bangs, describes as the adventures of a cracksman, the reader is regaled by a parody on the criminal adventures of the notorious Raffles, which his widow continues after his decease. Mr. Bangs lets his bubbling humor flow unchecked and there are few readers who will not crack a smile (no referenre to the departed intended) when they read of the widow's schemes and how they turned out. The illus trations are by Albert Levering. Mrs. Raffles. By John Kendrick Bangs. New York: Harper & Broth ers. For sale by Stoll & Thayer. In "Life Stories for Young People," which have been translated from the German by George P. Upton, are to be found some admirable short bi ographies. The volumes are of a most convenient size, the letter press is ex cellent and all are well Illustrated. Late Issues Include Frederick the Great, Maria Theresa, The Little Dauphin and Johann Sebastian Bach. Life Stories for Young People. Trans lated from the German by G. P. Upton. Chicago: A. C. McClurg & Co. ncter la that of Henry Ambrose Leon ard, a young clerk in the employ of ft brokerage firm, who planned to show Wall street how easy It would be to brenk down ltd bonsted system of pre venting thievery. He planned the theft of the securities at first as nn Intel lectual diversion and then he was filled with the Idea that he, of all men, wan clever enough to put the scheme Into operation. Leonard Is the son of a police ser geant and his home surroundings were of the best. He wns employed at a small salary by a firm of brokers, but his chances of advancement were good and he was looked upon as one of tho coming young men of the street. Ha knew the Ins and outs of the money market, and only a few weeks before his arrest he was quoted In a financial Journal as one whose opinion was 'worth having." A chance conversa tion which he overheard In the bank gave him the knowledge that certain securities had been deposited as col luteral for a loan of $300,000. He car ried Into execution a plan for using a forged check which he hnd often con sidered In a theoretical way. His scheme wns ns well devised as the one whereby Raffles, the cracksman posing as wealthy, obtained the gems from the Bond street Jeweler. It was with a feeling of pride, despite the fact that detection was perilously near, that he read the newspapers which descanted upon the mysterious and cleverly exe cuted crime. Instances such as this and a school of young criminals which Is crowding" the accommodations in the prisons cause those who are studying the ten dencies of the times to wonder to what extent the new literature of finished rascality will carry American youth. The crime story characterized by finer literary methods than the old time half-dime series Is as pernicious and more Insidious than the crude produc tions of another age. Why the Senator Was Vexed I Senator McEnery of Louisiana Is as deaf as a post. One day last session one of the newspaper correspondents' interested In Louisiana news sent In a card to him, nnd Mr. McEnery came out of the senate chamber to see him. , "Any news, senator?" shouted the correspondent. "What's that?" said Mr. McEnery. • "Any news today?" roared the cor respondent, getting purple. "Don't hear you," said the senator. "I — say— la— there — any — news?" "Oh! Yes, I believe I have got one," mumbled Mr. McEnery, feeling In his pocket. He pulled out a cigar and handed It to the newspaper man. The latter, seeing the hopelessness of the' case, accepted the cigar as the -best way out of the situation, expressed . hltjt thanks In pantomime, and went away. Senator McEnery returned to . the senate chamber and sat down beside Senator Foster. "What do you think of this for Infernal cheek?" shouted he. "Young Blank of the Palladium called me out in the midst of this Important debate Just to ask me for a cigar!" v . . Their Speech n Is Whistled GOMERA, the sixth in size and Im portance of the Canaries, gener ally unknown to tourists,. is the only place In the world where the cus tom prevails of talking across great distances by means of the whistling language. Originally all the islands knew the art, but In Gomera alone it is used at the present day. San Sebastian, the tiny port and capi tal, is a desolate spot, lying In tho mouth of a huge ravine surrounded by dusty palm trees. Its dark, ugly church is famous as the last building in. the old world that Columbus entered before he sailed away on unknown seaß. A visitor exploring the place recently fell in with a muleteer who understood the "sllvando," or whistling language, and promised to show him what it was as soon as they were up among the mountains, where is was used exten sively. So they rode away from the swarm of beggars in the town up a bridle path that led through a wilder ness of volcanic clefts and gorges. Here were ranges of basaltic pillars surpass ing the Giant's Causeway, spires ot black rock perched at lnoredible angles. Great gloomy glens In the dark hearts of unknown hills, and on the roughest of the rocky shelves th 9 candelabrum cactus held out Its quaint arms, each holding a crimson star of blossom. The muleteer scanned the slopes right and left, but there was no one in sight. Then he set his two forefingers to gether at an angle of forty-five de grees, placed them in his mouth, and then what a whistle issued from his lips! It seemed iiw>oßslble that any thing so shrill and loud could be pro duced without the use of some instru ment. Like an arrow the sound sped Into distance, over the deep ravines and up the stony terraces into the heart of the hills. They held their breath to listen. Then out of the far distance, from some in visible being hidden among the heights, came a very silvery reply, thin as the ghostly shrilling of a bat. The call had been answered. The muleteer listened, his head cocked on one side like a fox terrier. When it stopped he went on talking in whistles, using the echoes of th« rocky mountain walla to catch and toss onward his calls with wonderful skill. It, seemed to be a Bort of Morse whistling code, elaborated into lons calls, short calls, high and low call?, dropping and rising Inflections and cu riously articulated calls, like a ming ling of bird notes and human words. The power of the whistle was mar velous, and more wonderful Its inten sity and carrying force. The short sentence with which the muleteer be gan was answered by another, then another. "I asked, 'How are you?"' ho ex plained. "They answer, 'We are two, up in the hills.' 'What are you doing?" •We are cutting grass. 1 I replied' that I had a traveler with me. They said. •Ask him If he will buy our cow. We will hrlng It over for him to look at.' '.' . A cow was not just the sort of sou-^ venlr our traveler wished to take home with him, but he said he wouldjbuy, some milk It the cow were brought down. More whistling followed,' and : it; waa arranged that they should ( oome,, and the muletteer and his companion i ode on at a smart pact '