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4 Los Angeles Herald issi'Kn EVERY MORNING by THE HEK.VLD CO Ml' - T. H. GIBBON. President F. E. WOWIS Managing Editor T. if. <iOI.I)IN<i Business Manager Entered as second-class matter at the postoffleo In I.os Angeles. . ... • . . oldest MORNING PAPEB IN los \\(;kles V Founded Oct. t. 187 S. Thirty-six h year. Chamber o( Commerce Building;. Phones: Sunset Main 8000; Home 10211. The only Democratic newspaper In South ern Callforna receiving full Associated Frsss reports. NEWS SERVICE —Member of the Asso ciated Press, receiving Its full report, aver aging 25.000 words a day. ...'..-/, " ;,■■ EASTERN AGENT— P. McKlnney. 604 Cambridga building. New York; »11 Boyce building, Chicago. ;:•.■-'■ nATES OF SUBSCRIPTION WITH SUN DAT MAOAZIN3: Dally, by mail or carrier, a month.. .<< Dally, by mall or carrier, three months. 1.20 Daily, by mall or carrier, six months.. 2.35 Dally, by mall or carrier. one year.... 4.50 Sunday Herald, one year 00 Postage free In United States and Mexico, elsewhere postage added. THE HERALD IN SAN FRANCISCO AND OAKLAND—Los Angeles and Southern Cali fornia visitors to San Francisco and Oak land will find The Herald on sale at the news stands In the San Francisco ferry building and on the streets In Oakland by Wheatley and by Amos News Co. A file of The Los Angeles Herald can be •een at the office of our Englls!> representa tives. Messrs E. and J. Hardy & Co.. 30. 31 ond 32 Fleet street. London. England, free of charge: and that firm will be glad to re ceive niwl, subscriptions and advertisements on our behalf. Population of Los Angeles 315,985 CLEAR, CRISP AND CLEAN AT THE THEATERS BELASCO— Dollar Mark." MASON—Bark. AUDITORIUM —Dark. BI'BBANK — New Minister." MAJESTIC—KoIk and Dill In "The Poli ticians." OBPHEI'M —Vaudeville. GRAND-^Murray and Mack In "A Msht on Broadway." FlSCHEß'S—Vaudeville. KMPlßE—Vaudeville. VNIQIE —"Dirk's Trouble*." WAXiKER'9 —Vauderllle. FAKE GOODS SINCE the Model License league is living evidence it is in earnest '.n its campaign to reform the liquor business, we call its attention to a phase of the saloon business which Is almost as ban as the law-breaking to which the league is opposed. c refer to the practice of "faking" goods. Charges have- been lodged with Los Angeles county pure-food authorities that high-class saloons of Los Angeles are selling inferior liquors in bottles bearing the labels of standard and high-grade brands. Now, under the state pure-food law, this mislabeling is an oSenie which subjects the of fender to prosecution. Captain D. M. Smith of Louisville, Ky., general counsel for the Model Li cense league, who Is on a missionary visit tr> California, has made a highly favorable impression in this city by his obviously sincere and earnest efforts to eliminate law-breaking and the law breaking clement from the liquor traf fic. With all the eloquence at his com mand -and he has plenty of it—he should insist that POISON SHOULD ALSO BE ELIMINATED FROM THE LIQUOR TRAFFIC. The National Jlodel License league seeks to take the saloonkeeper out of politics and the lawbreaker out of the saloon bus:- Let It include the label faker among the subjects of its activity and it will have effected a reform which will be beneficial to the public health. It seems to us the offense complained of which is being Investigated by the i pure-food authorities is equivalent to obtaining money under false pretenses. MAKING CRIMINALS ARTHUR WARNER writes: "The idea that Black Handera are bred exclusively in Italy and slip into this c-ountry through lax immigration precautions is a myth fostered by police officers anxious to shift responsibility. For every one imported from the other side there is another brought up in this country. The young Italian grow ing up in New York and absorbing the American passion for easy money on one hand anil (in the other conscious of the defenseless position of his peo ple, drifts only too readily into crime. Every 'caffe' ami 'ristorante' has its quota of potential Black Handers— young men who understand pool or cards so much better than the average patron thut they make a business of playing for stakes." Is it Impossible for the United States to stop the manufacture of criminals? Or in that, tuo. a protected industry? Surely the terrible accusation of a re sponsible citizen that the American -y money makes and at tracts new criminals and builds up a criminal population should result in some remedial action. We cannot sit down quietly with folded hands and think of the "land of the brave and the bone ot the fres" as 8 crime fac tory and a nursery and training school for the mo3t desperate criminals In the world. feE VIGILANT WITH frequent conferences In tween the consolidation commit t«M of Los Angeles, San Pedro and Wilmington, it Is certain the con solidation plans will be perfected -with care and caution and that no oppor tunity will be given for litigation fol lowing the union of the cities. Greater Los Angeles Is fortunate In possessing many citizens of experience and sagacity; and as long as citizens of this type are willing to devote part of their time and ability to public af fairs it is certain tho city will prosper. "While the "best citizens" are active in public affairs the professional poli tician and professional office seeker and political hanger-on keep themselves at a discreet distance from the scene of activity. But when reputable citizens begin t o tire of holding public office, or refuse to run for office, an oppor tunity is presented of which the incompetent pretender and political grafter may avail himself. And we wish to assert the proposition that any man who accepts a political office for which he Is absolutely unfit and for which he knows he is unfit is a grafter. Greater Los Angeles, cared for by office holders of the good citizen type, will have nothing to fear from graft or from grafters; but the good citizen must keep on guard. He must not be weary in well doing. He must remem ber public office is a public trust, and only a trustworthy person should hold public office. CULTURE FOR U. S. IT will be surprising if a storm of comment is not aroused by the Milwaukee address of Count yon Bernsdorff, ambassador of Germany to the United States. The speech was de livered in German, but was translated into English. The count tolrt the Ger man citizens of the United States: "We hope you will uphold the wonder ful old German culture to help make it permeate American life like the leaven in the measures of meal in the para ble." No one dispute! the fact that the German clement is an element of strength in American life, but even the frowsy Bow»ry tough in his pride of race has considered himself to be at least the equal of "the Dutch," as the unmannerly cub called them. Proba bly his very rudeness proved the truth of the ambassador's assertions, the general purport of all of which seems to have been that the Celto-Saxon stock which forms the foundational part of the population of the United States and gives the nation Its lan guage, laws, literature and theology is lacking in culture and needs to be leavened by Teutonism. The German culture is old. The Ger man culture is excellent. But what would the German nation think if our ambassador "up and told" it that it must be flavored with American ideas before it could hope to be considered among the elect of the earth? My, what a howl there would be from the united German press! The Germans in America, said Yon Bernsdorff, have a purely cultural mission. And, mind you, he said "purely cultural." The words are his. That is what our friends the Teutons are here for—to soften our asperities, tone down our barbarisms, teach us manner?, ethics, morals, art, literature, the science of government! ; That Coghlan incident evidently still is rankling in the German heart. Any nation that could be guilty of such frightful lese-majesty is certainly bar barous. We admit it. Hoch der kaiser! UNREST "nUROPEAN news is of unusual in h, terest these days. The old con ■*-* tinent is filled with unrest, and apparently one of Its periodical social volcanic upheavals is at hand. Stu dents of history know the signs that In days gone by have pointed to strenuous times. The crisis in Turkey was only one of Europe's symptoms —perhaps its most significant, and then again per haps only its most novel, for there are those who believe events In the Chris tian countries of Europe are as signifi cant as those in Europe's Mohamme dan power. Stolypin's cabinet has united in op posing the czar, who seems to be ques tioning the right of parliament to es tablish a naval staff. The conflict be tween czar and parliament may widen into one between czar and people. The prestige of the "little father" has boon I injured beyond repair. Now the people are warning him he must dissociate himself from the hostile campaign of the reactionaries and the courtiers close to him. In Prance a spirit of revolution is in the air. The Postal, Telegraph and Telephone Employes' association is In revolt against the government. It has formed Itself Into a union, and Is asserting the right to strike. The leaders of the association are working in harmony with the leaders of the general federation, which, say the dispatches, is now recognized as a revolutionary organization. In Germany the Socialist movement is constantly gaining strength. In every country there is a growth of fraternaltsm among wage earners and workingmen. The wage earners of the world are making common cause, and It is only natural capitalism should be taking on the aspect of an interna tional union. One of the results of the ral unrest among European wage earners is a softening of international animosities among the common people. If these animosities should finally dis appear it will be impossible for one European nation to make war on an other, for no worklngman, whether a volunteer for the army or a drafted recruit, would be willing to shoot his fellow worklngman without any cause or provocation whatever. All signs show the day is approaching when the united workingmen of Europe will end war and insist on perpetual peace, har mony and industrialism. LOS ANGELES HERALD: MONDAY MORNING, MAY 10, 1000. SYRUP — i Hi) iiV^^rrTl "^Vlll ! JP • .•-'Hill 'I 111 l\ w" :M 'in'MlL'ttKrEfc THE SPOILDEST BOY OVER in Russia lives a most pam pered and spoiled little boy—ln deed, the most pampered and spoiled child in all the world. The edu cation of an autocrat described in an in teresting letter from St. Petersburg begins with the earliest dawn of his in telligence. Prom his first solf-conscious moment he Is drilled and trained to take the mental attitude ascribed to the kaiser in the well known lines, ' .My self and God." This is shocking; ana in the days to come, when a self-willed tyrant rules Russia, he will not be to blame, yet he will receive all the blame. From the description of the education of Grand Duke Aloxis Nlkolaovitch it is evident a tyrant, even when op pressing a nation, may be more sinned against than sinning. As a typical instance of the care fully cultivated, unreasonable and un reasoning tyranny of the future ruler of Russia it is related that when on a cruise with his parents in the Gulf of Finland one night the imperial boy awoke and said to his nurse: "Nyanya, I want the band to play." She pro tested, telling- him the musicians wcro tired and asleep. This made no dif ference to the young autocrat. "I must have them play," he said. "Go and tell them to come at once." So the unhappy musicians had to get out of bed. Neither the unfortunato rhlld'.s nurse nor his father knows th.it to bring him up as a tyrant may cost him dearly some day. It is hard for well trained men to realize what must be the mental condition of a person who Is taught from his cradlehood to believe he is the personification of power upon earth, and can do no wrong. HEALTH OFFICER MAYOR ALEXANDER says the question of displacing Health Officer Powers has never been remotely suggested or discussed by the toard of health. On the contrary, the board of health is trying to make it easier for him to administer the affairs of the health department and to help him make the department more effi cient. One of the penalties of public office holding is that as soon as there is a change of administration even the most efficient public servant, a man who has honestly given of his best to the people, may be compelled to listen to clatter and chatter regard ing the possibility or probability of his removal. In this instance the chatter comes from the Hearst pro-vice organ, that is constantly and insidiously at tacking Mayor Alexander and trying to hamper his administration. This is one of the drawbacks that make the public service distasteful to many men who would doubtless make excellent public servants. It is of vital importance to the city the efficiency of the health department should be kept up to the highest standard. Dr. Powers, out of his high and abundant practical exper ience, can make suggestions as to the administration and the work of the department which will no doubt be helpful to the board of health. Vice Consul General Puller of Hong Kong has not increased his popularity among the women of the United States by "giving away" the secret of some of the enormous heads of hair that have been annoying theatergoers and exciting the wonder of all beholders. The cruel consul says many of our American beauties are wearing Chi nese tresses. He asserts hair pur chased from Its original owners, Chinese women, is being shipped to New York in large quantities and manufactured Into fashionable Amer ican head styles. Senator Guggenheim of Colorado threatens to have all the smelting con cerns of the west closed in three months if the tax on lead is not Im posed in full measure. Senator Gus- The English Nightmare genheim's arguments as reported in the newspapers read like intimida tion, but perhaps they are only bluff. Whether mere bluff or genuine intim idation, they are unworthy the senate of the United States, and prompt the unparliamentary, question, What the n:is lii.f is Smelter Guggenheim of Colorado doing In that august deliber ative body, the United States senate, anyway? If, as is proposed, airships navi gating over cities dump water in stead of sand when lightening, the lowly earthbound pedestrian may have to use an umbrella constantly. This will lead to the Invention of an um brella-stand, which can be fastened to the pedestrian's back. The handle of the protecting umbrella will be set in the stand, and the pedestrian will have the use of both arms while he Is dodging motor cycles and automobiles. An American woman has been di vorced by her baronial German hus band because, she says, he in so good she could not live with him and had to desert him. "If he had one small Vice, like smoking. I could almost tol erate him," she adds. And yet the baron is the very kind of husband other matrons say they would prefer to the smoking variety. There's no accounting for tastes matrimonial. Today the question of rock supply for the good roads will be considered and probably decided by the board of supervisors. We will not be so cruel to our supervisors as Sydney Smith was to those of London when he sug gested that if they wished to solve satisfactorily the problem of providing suitable wooden blocks with which to pave the streets they should without delay put their heads together. In the first week of May building permits for 159 buildings representing a valuation of $209,300 were issued in Los Angeles. This wns an Increase of twenty-four in the number of permits and $409 in valuation over the record of the corresponding -period of last year. The steady growth of the popu lation of Los Angeles makes the build ing business brisk all the year round. Every student of music knows wlio Carl Lanzer Is. For many years this masterly musician and great .violinist lived in New York, but he is now a citizen of Los Angeles. He will help to make this city the musical metrop olis of the United Ptates. Los Ange les is an ideal home for the arts. We should not be surprised if the Nine Muses immigrated here in a body. President Sbarboro at the counties committee meeting of the California Promotion Committee, predicted next generation would see California with a population of 20,000,000. New oppor tunities for manufacturers and com merce provided by the Panama canal and San Pedro harbor will help pro vide the means of support for the big population of Greater California. About the second week in June diplomas will be given to the largest graduating class Occidental college has ever known. The student population of Los Angeles is steadily being in creaied, and already, in numbers as well as efficiency, nur city is one of the foremost educational centers of the United States. Florida orange growers are on their way home. They have had a good time, und are convinced that, while of course the California orange is the superior fruit, there is room in the >big United States for all the oranges of Florida and California if they are marketed and distributed properly. How about that depot, Mr. Harrl raan? Los Angeles has done its part. It Is "up to you." —The Boston Travel6f. Public Letter Box TO COKUESrONi>ENTS—Letters Intended for publication "^U«t Iw accompanied by the num* and Address oi Ihe writer. The Her »I(1 give* the widfst latitude to correspond ents, but assumes no responsibility for their views. l.«'it*TH must not «*xrecd 300 word*. SAYS RESURRECTION WAS AUTHENTICATED POMONA, May 7.—[Editor Herald]: It was shown quite recently in your columns, both editorially and in the Letter Box, that no contemporary event whs better authenticated than the res urrection of Christ. This proves that he was in harmony with God, who alone could raise him from the dead. Jesus had said he would be 'killed, and raised from the dead the third day" (Matt. 16:21). His coming again was frequently foretold by himself, and is a necessity in order to make his word good. Your correspondent, C. U. White, expects his return, but scon's at those who look for the fulfillment of ills -words. He said to the apostles, "Ye which have followed me in the re generation when the Son of Man shall sit in the throne of his glory, ye ulso shall sit on twelve thrones, judging the twelve tribes of Israel (Matt. 19:28). The character of his ruling is abun dantly foretold. In Psalm 2:9 it is said, "Thou Shalt break them with'a rod of iron." In Psalm 110, which Je sus applies to himself, in Matt. 22:44, it is said, "The Lord at thy right hand shall strike through kings in the day of his wrath. He shall Judge among the heathen; he—shall fill the places with the dead bodies; he shall wound the heads over many countries" (verses 5, 6). Mr. White is horrified, but there is the testimony. We must remember that Jesus is "the Lion of the tribe of Judah" (Rev. 5:5), as well as the "Lamb of God" (John 1:29). your correspondent compliments himself when he speaks of "the good, noble human." Jesus (who is love, ac cording to C. U. W.) held a different estimate of the race. He said, 'From within, out of the heart of men, pro ceed evil thoughts, adulteries, fornica tions, murders," etc. (Mark 7:21-23); and Paul says, "I know that in me (that is in my fiesh) dwelleth no good thing" (Horn. 7:18). Mr. White hopes "the good people will begin to read better books than the Bible." His hopes are not likely to ba realized while ten million new Bibles are published each year. JAMES T. IUWIN. BELIEVES IN SEX SEGREGATION AT SEASIDE BATHING RESORTS HOLLYWOOD, May 9.—[Editor Her ald]: Now that the question of pro priety in bathing dress has been brought up 1 would like to make a suggestion. Let each seacoast city an ordinance making it a misde meanor for men and women to bathe | on the same beach at the same time. i Mixed bathing is immoral and should not be allowed. As to bathing suits, I long ago came to the conclusion that the newspaper bathing suit Joke was | not a joke, but a grim tragedy. When I I first came to America, five years ago, I I went to pass a quiet day at a New I Jersey seaside resort. I was no sooner comfortably seated on the sand to en joy my book than there appeared a girl of probably 20. Her attire of salmon coloured satin was so scanty I inconti ! nently fled. I have not since dared approach an American beach during the bathing season. ENGLISHMAN. DOUBTS ACCURACY OF STATEMENTS IN BIBLE LOS ANGELES, May 7.—[Editor Herald]: As a few are interested in the discussion of the scriptures and as Christians since our present era up to ■ the present tinio have been wrangling:, , arguing, propounding the theories and discovering the key to the scriptures, expending vast stores of energy, time and money, after passing 1900 , years in arguing what this verse means or that part of the Bible means and having come to no definite conclusion, i although lighting over it and as history. i proves, burning one another at the . stake (as if this would settle the argu ; ment), after all these years there is one question they have avoided, i The question is, "Is the Bible story ■ true story of the past?" Let 111 do as Paul said, "Prove all tilings and hold fast to that which is good." All through the scriptures almost all the great personalities (if the story be THE PRODUCTION OF POTASH Frederic J. Haskin THE production of potash is one In dustry in which the United States does not excel or even equal Its ■ i commercial rival, Germany, in [act, Germany stands alone in that particular Held. America and practi cally ail the rest of the world has to depend upon the "Fatherland" for their supply of potash for use in chemis try and industry, agriculture a n <1 horticulture. This doea not mean that there is no potash in the world outside of Germany, for the soils and rocks of all countries contain more or less potash, hut It docs mean that ex extensive potash deposits, so far as known, are con fined to Germany. Potash has known to man and recognized as such for many gi I tions, but it v L* not until the century that r slum was dll ered to be an ele ment of whir! ash is the common est form. The pro duct ion of potash on a large scale date: back only to 1861, when mining 01 tlons were begun in the German POtaan deposits. These are Unat.nl near Btass furt. Their discovery is alleged to resulted from somebody's theory that numerous saline springs in the neign borhood must flow from a. subterra nean deposit of salt, Borings were made and the richest known deposits of potash, besides salt and gypsum, were found. Further Investigations have shown that the bed of'potash at Stassfurt s from 60 to ISO feet thick and extends over a very large area. There are dt^ Dosits of salt and gypsum overlying the potash to a depth of many feet. ■ deposits of mineral wealth have an Interesting natural history. Scien tists say that in some prehistorii the region about the present site of Stassfurt was covered by the. sea. lheii a volcanic convulsion occurred and mountain ranges were heaved up on either side, thus inclosing a vast la goon or arm of the sea. The water IS supposed to have beet) boillnp at that time, as the tempera ture of the earth was very high. Evap oration was most rapid, and as the water in the lagoon turned to vapor It was replaced by more water from the Sea, After a time the lagoon became so intensely saline In character that the potash, salt and pypsum were deposit ed on its bed. Later the sea. receded and the lagoon completely (Tried up, leaving the existing beds Of potash, etc., to be covered by the vegetation and other formations of succeeding ages. Nobody has explained how or why the sea was so full of potash in prehistoric times. It certainly is not now so. • • • Ever since the enormous value of the German potash deposits became known to the world people in America and other countries have been sec-king sim ilar deposits in every likely place. Geologists say there is no reason they know of why potash should not exist in large quantities elsewhere than In Germany, but they have not yet found it, although Canada and one or two other countries produce small quanti ties of the mineral. There are few things which are not found in the United States, and a large deposit o potash is one of them. Some years age a number of deep wells were sunk ii the Louisiana salt district in the hope of finding a potash mine there, but the search proved unsuccessful. It may seem natural that the Ger man monopoly in potash should lead to the creation of what is perhaps the greatest trust in the world, so far as absolute control over a single product and absence of competition are con cerned. The potash trust is known as the Kail syndicate. Organized in 1879, it controls practically every concern that produces potash. Last year nine new mining companies were added to its membership, and this year thir teen more new works will go into op eration. The capital of this combina tion is less than $200,000,000, which is small in comparison with the capital of some great American corporations. It har 28,000 miners and other em ployes on its pay roll. The annual sales of potash aggre gate nearly $25,000,000 in value and the potash trust has agents all over the world exploiting its product with a view to Increasing sales. At this rate It Is estimated that even in case no other potash deposits are discovered, the German mines will be able to sup ply the world for several centuries. Following the approved habit of trusts, the I'ali syndicate practices dis crimination in its business. It extends favors to the German trade, with the result that Germany consumes nearly half of the potash produced. America and other countries take what is left and on the terms of the German syn dicate. It is not surprising that the IBP*' I*fe. ■ .iftJffMa F. J. Haskin true) were not averse to committing almost any crime to the stranger and the enemy. Placed beside a history of their contemporaries we find the He brew story (Bible) and history conflict very sharply. And ns the Hebrews were comparatively few In numbers and came into contact with several na tions, these "different stories should agree if the integrity of the Bible Is to be maintained. The most important events in the Bible cannot be proved, and the proper place for stories of this character is on the shelves with other ancient mytho logy . LINEMAN. MUST BE CHRISTIAN TO UNDERSTAND BIBLE BAKERSFIELD, April 7.-Wisdom is not acquired without experience and knowledge is generally the result of belief. Wo must ftrst believe in the possibility of that which we wish to demonst^^ before we can redu.-p theory to practice. Unbelief is responsible for more fail ures than credulity. It is better to be a sponge imbibing all things than an oy:;ter rejecting all things. The recep tive mind may occasionally imbibe error, but it is sure also to get some truth, while the unbeliever is like the ostrich hiding his head in the sand, shutting out the light and thus making himself an easy prey to evil influences and desires. The Bible is the Chris tian's text book and has no moaning to those who have not yet accepted the Christian code any more than the Ger man text is comprehended by one totally ignorant of the language. The Bible Is the message of God to all people, but is only loved by those who love its divine author; its truth Is like gold which must be sought with the whole heart and profoundly loved that it may be appreciated. When reason and good judgment are brought to bear on its pages, together with a desire to believe rather than to de- ■took of potash producing companies is popular unions German speculators. Potash has ninny and varied uses; however, II li used principally for fer tilizing purpoßea' 'The theory of its offoct upon vegetation is not exactly understood) but it is a fact that innd which la poor in potash produce* bad crops, while the same land if thorough ly fertilised with potash will grow ex cellent crops of many things. It is said that the presence of much potash in sol] in some mysterious way protects plants growing therein from the rav ages of trost. It also affords drainage in wet weather, retains moisture in dry seasons, besides serving us a sort Of Insecticide and fungicide. Perhaps the explanation of tho fer tilizing eftei i i>f potash is found in tho fad thai it has recently boon dli < oversd to be radio-active. It is said to throw out the peculiar "Beta" raya with considerable velocity, which says, it Is believed, act us an anti-toxin on the .-oil. However that may be, potash lias .1 wonderfully vitalizing effect upon fruit, trees, flowers anil many crops. Tobac o needs potash, perhaps, more than any other crop. Dry tobacco con tains forty parts of potash in every thousand, parts. An acre crop of to < takes seventy pounds of potash from the soil it grows in. • • • Although the resources of American soils have seemed inexhaustible, enor mous quantities of potash are imported Into this country, chiefly for use in the manufacture of commercial fertilizers. The annual Imports are little short of 3,500.000 pounds, worth nearly half a million dollars. Scientists' have calculated that fertile soil contains about 2 per cent of potash. An acre of arable soil one foot deep win weigh nearly 3,500,000 pounds. At that rate there are nearly 70.000 pounds of potash in an acre of good land. Vegetation absorbs the potash. The oretlcally, therefore, a crop using fifty pounds of potash per acre could be grown upon the same land for 1400 con secutive years without exhausting tho potash. Compared with these figures, on one hand is the known fact that some land in the Old World has be^n under cultivation for 4000 years or more, apparently without exhausting the potasli in that soil; while on th>' other hand there is evidence that after a certain point is reached some crops cannot be «nm'n indefinitely on the same land, although it may contain considerable potash. In a word, nature seems to have sonic unknown process of conserving the potHsii resources of the soil, if she does not renew them. And well she may, because tho removal of potash from the soil is very extensive. The most complete removal occurs in the ease of such crops as sugar beets, of which botii the roots and tops are har vested. A sugar beet rrop is said to re move !>"> pounds of potash from ana i ■ of bind. Cereal crops remove twenty eight pounds per aero, hay thirty-six pounds, potatoes fifty pounds and to bacco seventy pounds. • • • As potash Is soluble in water, the rain washes It from the soil. At the sairfp time, however, rain and the other elements promote the decay of certain rocks, the principal constituent of which Is potash, thus restoring vitality to the soil. Ijßnds reclaimer! from marshes and sandy soils need potash badly. Besides the pure German pot ash fertilizer land may be enriched by the addition <x! tobacco stems, cotton i hulls, wood ashes, the straw of cereal and leguminous crops, the resi dues of beet sugar factories and winer ies and other vegetable and animal substances. • ■ • Besides its value as a fertilizing agency potash Is used to a conslderablo extent In the manufacture of soap. It forms the basis of common lye. Used medicinally it is important and is ex pected to become more so when its radio-active properties are better un derstood. In the form of potassium nitrate, or saltpeter. It goes to make up many explosives. As potassium cyanide it is used to extract gold from one in the so-called cyanide process, Potassium bromide, cream of tartar and tartar emetic are some of the com mon forms of potash with which we come in contact. Potash is related in some measure to nitrate, of which nearly 2,000,000 tons are exported every year from Chile and Peru. The nitrate beds of South America located in a bleak des ert have been the cause of at least one war, and they constitute perhaps the most Important source of revenue for the Chilean government. Authorities say that those nitrate deposits will last for 200 or 300 years. Nitrates have been produced artificially to some ex tent by the use of electricity. The principal associates of potash In the manufacture of commercial fer tilizers are nitrate and phosphate, and they are good only in some cases. America has rich phosphate landa in the west. Germany, while holding the world's supply of potash, is taking other fertilizing materials from the United States, although her economists many years ago decried against a sim ilar practice on the part of England, which was at that time digging up the Napoleonic battlefields of the continent to get human bones for fertilizer. (Copyright, 1008. hy Frederic J. Ha'kin.) atroy, it displays its treasures of wis dom and truth, and reveals the benevo lent purpose of God for the eventual deliverance and happiness of His creat ures. It It the effect of unbelief to make the Bible an Impossible book full of puzzles and riddles to the philoso pher, but easily read and understood by the, simple minded believer. C. H. SAYS TALE OF FORBIDDEN FRUIT CAUSED THEOCRACY LOS ANGELES, May 9.—[Editor Herald]: I can see no cruelty In the prohibition to the Adamlc race to eat of the fruit of knowledge of good and evil. On the contrary, It was meant for their good to save them from tha tyranny of such as assumed temporal power on the pretense that was God who had invested them with authority. In religious matters we speak of good and evil; in temporal or political we speak of right and wrong. C. U. Whit! cannot see the difference. "Give to Caesar what belongs to Caesar and to God what belongs to God." Theocracy was the result of eating the forbidden fruit, for worldly power assumed divine authority falsely. That that authority was assumed by tem poral governments in former ages wns allowed because of the low state of humanity, and wherever It does still exist this day It is evidence of seml barbarlsm. For religion there should be no com pulsion which was also recognized by the frnmeri of our constitution who enacted that "Every man shaty be al lowed to worship God according to the dictates of his own conscience." This wisdom Is now generally recognize! and confirmed In the separation of church and state. There is a natural evolution of man which is within the domain of science, and there Is a spiritual evolution of man historically recorded In the Bible, working simul taneously one within the other con formally to the dual state of man. C. F.