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4 Los Angeles Herald ISSUED EVERY MOKNIN'O BY THE HERALD CO. THOMAS E. GIBBON '. President FRANK B. WOLFE Managing Editor THOMAS J.GOLDING...Business Manager DAVID O. II M1.1.1K Associate) Editor Entered as second-class matter at the postolTlce In Los Angeles. __ - OLDEST MORNING PATER IN . ,-••*»- LOS ANGELES. Founded Oct. I, 1873. Thirty-sixth year. Chamber of Commerce building. Phones: Sunset Main 8000; Homo 10211. The only Democratic newspaper In South ern California receiving lull Associated Press reports. - NEWS SERVICE—Member of the Asso ciated Press, receiving Its full report, aver aging 25.000 words a day. - HATES OF SUBSCRIPTION WITH SUN DAY MAGAZINE: Dally, by mall or carrier, a month t .40 Daily, by mall or carrier, three months.l.2o Dally, by mall or carrier, six months. . .2.35 Dally, by mall or carrier, one year 4 60 Sunday Herald, one year 2.00 Pontage free In United States and Mexico; elsewhere postage Bided. _^ THE HERALD IN SAN FRANCISCO AND OAKLAND—Los Angeles and Southern Cali fornia visitors to San Francisco and Oak land will find The Herald on sale at the news stands In the San Francisco ferry building and on the streets In Oakland by Wheatley and by Amos News Co. A file of The Los Angeles Herald can be *een at the office of our English represen tatives, Messrs. E. and J. Hardy £ Co., 30, »1 and 32 Fleet street. London, England, free of charge, and that firm will he glad to re ceive news, subscriptions and advertisements on our behalf. On all matters pertaining to advertising .address Charles R. Gates, advertising man ager -————__=___ Population of Los Angeles 327,685 CLEAR. CRISP AND CLEAN H^ RETRORSUM ft! ■ — AT THE THEATERS AUHTOKIOI—Dark. MASON—"The Green Woman." BIKBANS—"The Girl of the Go'rton West." iii\i.\>i«» -Through a Window." M A.IFSTIC —"Forty-live Minutes from :u-ay." ORl'HEl'M—Vaudeville. GRAM)—"San Toy." LOS ANGELES —Vaudeville. INlQ.CE—Melodrama. FISCHER'S—Musical burlesque. OLYMPIC —Musical burlesque. nti.lvEß—Comedy. AVIATION WEEK AVIATION WEEK plans are mak ing splendid progress, and the experts are assembling. Mr. Faneiulli, manager for Curtiss, prob ably voiced the sentiment of the en tire east when he said, "Los Angeles fs tlie ideal place for the entire world for holding aviation meetings. The air current* for thirty years as stud ied and reported upon by the United States weather bureau prove this. The average velocity of the wind in and near Los Angeles is three miles an hour. This makes it ideal for flying at all seasons of the year. 1 look for the time when a permanent aviation field will be established In Ix>s An geles and when the kings of the air will meet here every little while. I was more than a little surprised when 1 arrived here and found out how much had been done toward the suc cess of the aviation meeting. Los An geles is to be congratulated upon Its initiative. New York would give a great deal to be able to hold a meet- Ing at this season of the year." This was frankly spoken and was an acknowledgment of the superiority of Los Angeles for aviation purposes that cannot fail to make a world-wide impression. Highly esteemed foreign-. en and well beloved Americans who reside in other states will accept the testimony of the world's champion as proof that Los Angeles Is all that is claimed for it. The Herald has stead ily maintained and asserted that the aviation headquarters of the world could and should be established per manently at Los Angeles. We believe all the experts will agree with us en thusiastically, and the most impor tant aviation station and trial distance in the world will bo established hers as a sequel to the great aviation meet, the success of which is assured. EDITOR MORGAN JPIKRPONT MORGAN as an editor of Presidential Messages will not • be welcomed either in literary or political circles. For sheer nerve and unutterable grail the attempt of J. Plarpont Morgan to influence the tenor, the tone and the contents of the president's message is a record breaker. On various occasions it has been remarked Morgan evidently has mistaken himself for president of the United States, but he has never yet succeeded in reorganizing' this republic to the extent of dictating or Interfer ing with a president's message, and we hope sincerely he will never be allowed to succeed In any attempt of that kind. _ We are told the president "listened politely" to Morgan's suggestions. What right had Morgan to make sug gestions? Listened politely! The president Is sometimes exasperatingly polite. Some presidents would have told Mr. Morgan to toboggan, and would not have minced words. The attempted morganization of the pres ident's message will not add to 11m gayety of the American nation, which already is suffering from too much Morgan. b -PROSPERITY AND PROGRESS 11' ATKRS arc subsiding :in.| South 11 California .miles radiantly In ' ' the sunshine. This country Is at Its bMt when the Bunbeama glint ii on the rain-freshened land ■cape. The vivid hue. of springtime! are coloring hills and dales. Ranchen are rejoicing In a prospect of mag- ! niflcent returns from Invested capita] : and labor. Evidences of prosperity I may he seen on every side. Tho dam age done hy the storm was trifling In comparison with the beneflti it will i bring to South California. It poured riches Into our gloriously picturesque and prosperous .section of a great stnt>\ j With every prospect of good times ; citizens should make a united effort to | maintain the reputation of Southerni California for square dealing. The ad vances Riven by some companies and some employers to their faithful em ployes indicate a disposition to rflcog- j nize the fact the laborer is worthy of his hire'and the producer of prosperity to a fair remuneration. We are glad to Bee this spirit manifested and pro- | phesy that In every instance where hours have been shortened or pay been Increased there will be an in- I crease of efficiency that will f<ir more; than compensate employers for the | trouble and what probably they may called or considered "the risk" of making the change. From the east also comes word of a decided improvement of relations be , the representative capitalists and the men who do the work. Per- I haps it is looking a lons way ahead to gay the day will come when the rights of man will bo recogni-ed in the United States and everybody will real ize the dollar BI'YS work and the man who supplies this commodity !s en titled to a square deal at the hand of the purchaser. "It is naught, it Is naught, saith the buyer but when he goeth his way, then he boasteth." The Biblical re buke of false economy which brags how it beat down a price or bully ragged a man into accepting a pauper wage for an expert's work is as ap plicable today as ever it was. This proves doesn't it, that although man kind has made wonderful progress in scientific materialism, in morall eco nomlcs (YES, THERE ARE MORAL ECONOMICS), it has not progressed a snail's crawl in MOO weary years. PRISON REFORM A MOVEMENT to Investigate and re form the prison system of the mited States la general through out the country, and in taking cogni sance of it and making a loeni applica tion of the general principles of prison reform, California is in the vanguard of the national march forward. Wil liam Marion Reedy, speaking of con ditions in Texas, sayn: 'There has been much muckraking of late that has concerned itself almost exclusively with the doings of high finance, but it strikes me that the process Is taking a new and more democratic turn. The public is beginning to ask what is done not only with the money, hut with those of its members who have been so unfortunate as to be stripped to helplessness by financial buccaneers and find their way into prisons and lunatic asylums. As a people we are deeply, probably too deeply, interested in money matters, but such tales as are beginning to pour from our peni tentiaries and asylums will stir the public blood more violently than can any mere plunder story." Prison reform and social reform will romp with an increased appreciation of the value of CONDUCT. It is import ant to prisoners that they should be, on their good behavior while deprived of liberty. It is important to the nation that the keepsrs of the prisoners should be on their good, behavior. The day may come when society may be able to abolish prisons and poor houses. But the coming of that day depends on the conduct of men and women who are outside of prisons and poorhouses; not on that of those Who are inside of them. Prisoners, whether criminals or only paupers, should be well taken care of by our social sys tem, which is responsible for them. HUMAN BEINGS IN MANT eastern publications, not ably the St. Louis Mirror, wo see notice Is being taken of the tend ency of the times to stop considering values only in figures and to consider the element of humanity a3 well as.of dollars and cents. We believe the first wave of this special reform movement will dash (and not in vain) against the doors of the prisons and lunatic asy lums of the United State*, and the public will insist on knowing exactly how all such Institutions are conducted. They are all provided for by public money, and people are beginning to ask not only what is being done with this money, but what la being done with the fellow human beings who for the good of society are detained In prisons and in lunatic asylums. Says tIM Mirror: "As a people we are deeply, probably too deeply, inter ested in money matters, but such tales as are beginning to pour from our pen itentiaries and asylums will stir the public blood more violently than can any mere plunder story." And the same may be said of the stories of the lives of the submerged tenth in New York, Chicago and other big cities; of the slum children; of the slaves of Ignorance; of the two million children who work In mills, mines and factories; of the unfortunate women imported to the United States to lower the moral tone and imperil the physical ,<(ards of our republic; of the worker* and mine worker* who&are colonized in the Unite.l States trOßTre grioru of Europe where 111< ■ averai Intelligence is much below that of Abyssinia or Zululand. Men are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable rights, among which are life, liberty and the puruult of happiness. To SECURE THESE RIGHTS, not t" Interfere with them m imperil them, goveriinw ■• m.sti ttlted among men, deriving their JUST powers from thu consent of the gov erned. LOS ANGELES HERALD: WEDNESDAY MORNING, JANUARY 5, 1010. I _ . -_..—■-—- . . I_lL_ MAYOR'S MESSAGE M-AYOR ALEXANDER'S message is statesmanlike, and outlines a program of constant progress and Improvement. Efficiency and econ omy, he says, should be the key note of the new administration. There should be a new city charter. Steps should be taken to prevent railway? from using streets without a franchise. PubHn comfort stations should be ps t.-iblished. Social clubs should be com pelled to pay a liquor license. The mayor expresses the hope that before the end of his term the great harbor, the aqueduct and the power plant will be nearing completion. The mayor's message will aid in the monopolization of Greater Los Ange les. All the different parts of the pro gram will work toward the harmonious upbuilding of the biggest and most prosperous city in the west. But in order that Greater Los Ange les may come into her heritage of Pa cific coast supremacy it is necessary that there should be a new city charter, "modern, complete, harmonious; one that will fulfill every need of a great metropolis." The mayor's message will Inspire all workers for the progress and prosperity of Greater Los Angeles to renewed effort, and will aid the city council and the people to maintain the correct at tltu'le of appreciative helpfulness to ward the detinlte program of progress and prosperity that is before our ever successful city. STATE EXPENSES OUR state government has broken the record for prodigious operat ing expenses. During the first half of the present fiscal year the cost of managing the state of California fjovernmentally was more than a mil lion dollars over the total expenses for the same period in 1908. State Control ler Nye's figures show $1,094,195.91 more was spent for six months ending De cember 31 than for a corresponding period a year ago. California's total expenses for half a year amounted to $7,162,949.36. This indicates either vastly increased governmental efficiency or vastly in creased extravagance. An economical administration of the state of California would apply to gov ernment the same rules that are ap plied to business. If it can be proved there is an ade quate return to the taxpayers for every dollar of the hn^c sum disbursed the expenditure cannot be quarreled with. But if it can be shown the financiering operations have been accompanied by leakage*, extravagances and prodigal ity of one kind and another then the huge sum for the expenditure of which the state government is responsible is B mark of the machine riditon condition rather than of the wealth of the state of California. The people of California may well hope for the elimination of machine politics from the state and the substi tution of patriotic, economical financier ins for k. P. machine recklessness. When it conies to aviation, for sheer financial high flying the S. P. machine has all the rest of them beaten out of the sky. FINANCIAL OPERATIONS THREE Important financial an nouncements yesterday directed attention to three important es of modern American life. J. Plerpont Morgan "merged three trust companies Into one of the greatest banking institutions in the country, a $200,000,000 asset concern to be known aa the Guaranty Trust company." Charles Wyman Horse, the scoundrel who violated the national banking laws, began serving his fifteen years' sen tenoe. D. Ogden Mills died from heart failure. Leading financiers are still planning "Interests" on Guard great "deals," of which Individuals are to be the beneficiaries. There seems to be ci craze for the concentration of wealth. Unless the financiers engaged in the merging operations are. in the se cret service of the Socialist party, we cannot sen any public reason for their activities. If their private reasons are merely si'lilsh, then these men Rrn the most foolishly selfish In the world's history. The control of vast percentages of the national wealth by a few men may be in the line of the greatest good for the greatest number, but It is difficult to figure how this can be the case. Mills financed his son-in-law. White law Reid, and helped him buy the New York Tribune. He took an interest In education, and built hotels and lodging houses where Americans who had not the knack of money getting could se cure board and lodging for small rates. Mr. Mills was a well meaning man and in many ways showed he had good in tentions. Morse In stripes Is paying the pen alty of his misdeeds. No. 21SJI ia now a tailor. His was vaulting ambition that o'erleaped Itself and came down ker thump! on an Ironing board. Council confirmed the appointment of Mayor Alexander's new police com mission. These members take upon themselves the responsibilities of office heartily determined to live up to these responsibilities and to serve the best interests of Los Angeles zealously and efficiently. We wish them and all new city officials great success. May they perpetually possess that gift of the gods—sound judgment. By the state supreme court decision in the aqueduct liquor selling cases the saloons along the line of the great work have been wiped out of existence, and purveyors of cheap, poisonous grog- will not be allowed to parasite the earnings of the workmen. Here is another victory for cleanliness, righteousness and Americanism. The new year begins most auspiciously. Mrs. Frances N. Noel in an address before the eciprocity club said "Child labor is the danger, mark in the path of the progress of the human race, and if the race heedlessly passes this dan ger mark it is bound to walk on to destruction." But how can child labor be checked unless it is made a state's prison offense for those responsible for it? v ■ Los Angeles now has the best gov ernment of any city In the United States. The harmony of all the officials gives assurance of team work, and with team work Los Angeles can achieve anything that may be achieved by human Intellect and endeavor. Dr. Cook's records have been sent to the United States. The explorer will await anxiously the outcome of the official exploration of his papers. Greater Los Angeles now Is governed by and for the people of Greater Los Angeles. Don't worry. Watch it grow greater and greater. Good government was begun with epigram's. It will be continued with action. It will be crowned with suc cess. • • In the words of the old song, Los Angeles now may "toss up her cap, for the best of her days are coming." There will be plenty of "flies'' in Los Angeles Aviation Week, but there will be no flies on it. That Lamb Sweet Mary had a little lamb. But. ah. a:a» for that! She tied Its leg around Iti ntck And wore It as a hat. —Judge, But when she had the lamb all fixed. And wore It (or awhile, Klin found, alas, to her dismay, —- That lambs were out of «tyle. —Tonken Statesman. Public Letter Box ■ ■ t TO COURESFONDENTS— Intended for publication must be accompanied by the nntut* ami Hfldroaa of the writer, rtie li aid Clve« the v\iii»-( latltmle to eorronuonilenis, but assumes no responsibility for their viewa. DEFENDS SPIRITUALISM AS IN HARMONY WITH NATURE REDONDO, Dc\ 2S.—[Editor Her ald]: I was pleased to read In The Herald Letter Box of today Dr. Hu manltas 1 effort to point out the In consistencies of my letter of December 10, in which he charges mo With lntro ducinu a miracle in proof of or to sub stantiate my disbelief in the super natural. T wish to say that I place miracles along side the supernatural, according to my way of thinking. There never was such a thing as a supernatural event or miracle and never will be. The doctor asks what I know about that so-called miracle. Well, with all my egotism I am free to confess 1 know nothing. I only have the testimony of another. But my witness has been dead so long I did not suppose any one would ques tion his testimony. I could cite the doctor to living witnesses much nearer home of similar phenomena, but of course their evidence would not be taken. The doctor also says he takes it I believe the phenomena of spirit ualism to be In accordance with natur al law. Yea indeed, every phase of phenomena of spiritualism is In ac cord and in perfect harmony with natural law. Right you arc, doctor, when you say that natural law has to do with material things, and there can be no natural law for immaterial spirit. To my mind talk about an Im material spirit Is simply materialistic nonsense. I wnuld like you to tell us of something that U not . material. What does it look like? Where can we find it and how does it feel, or can we see, hear and feel anything that is not material? Now, my dear doctor, you ask mo to explain by natural law how these phenomena are produced. I give It up. I don't like to confess pub licly my guilt of such gross Ignorance but there is some few other things In nature that I cannot explain. It -would be difficult for me to explain by natural law or any other way so simple a thing as magnetism; how the magnet can move a needle through a solid pane of glass or cause it to jump an inch or more through space to get to the magnet. We know thia phenom ena is produced by the magnet and we are satisfied there is nothing super natural or miraculous about it, but that it is done by the process of natural law. Notwithstanding we may not bo able t<\ explain it satisfactorily to others, spiritualism in the gospel of the higher human life; it Is something more than mere communion with the departed. Comforting as that undoubtedly is, spiritualism teaches the individual re sponsibility of every one and that we cannot throw the consequences of our wrongdoing on the shoulders of an in nocent person. Its object is to help to make the world better; fb help people along the way of health, culture and spiritual development, towards the kingdom of universal brotherhood: it is to help them to realize for them solves that they are sparks of divine life, which is individualised in the con sciousness of men. That even the low est as well as the loftiest, the worst as well as the best are divine in their essential nature; and when the little day of this life is over and its limita tions cast aside they shall in the land of larger life prow in grace and good ness forever. The philosophy of spirit ualism aims at the splrltuHlization of human nature for the upbuilding of the divine kingdom here on earth and urges all men to live while in the flesh, so as to earn for themselves all the hap plnesa they hope for in the land be yond. T. J. HAIR.PULLING CURES HUSBAND OF ABUSE OF STRONG DRINK PASADENA, Cal., Jan. 3.— [Editor Herald]: "A man Is not a man tUI married." Man need not talk for wo men. Most married men know this. Man can take a woman— wife— into court and prove many things—even prove that figures He, simply being a case where 1 and 1 are 1, and, If truly added, a purer, greater, nobler 1. Under certain conditions the right woman can transform a wayward hus band Into a decent man. We knew a woman who broke her husband of the drink habit. Her husband went from better; to worse fast—even got so low as to use thin common drugstore stuff, It was terrible. He would come home The Passing of Steam Frederic J. Haskin liSsKjlT la HO years iigo today since ||9 Watt took out tiie first patent I on fhe reclprocratlng steam en- SS la Bine, and it is interesting to . BB_jS icad tii- signs that betoken thi ; jEMII approaching ceiinse of this «,nld-revolutionizing Invention. Gradually man has been discovering new methods until the reciprocating ... once <he a< me of economical ■ sformatlon of n< at to work, has me, by comparison, the agency of : superlative extravagance. Not only is the cost of its operation serving to re tire the reciprocating engine, but at ' leai t one realm lias been round Into which it can IN ver enter—that of aero naut Where\v r there Is a reciprocating en gine it sees the spectre of retirement. The steam turbine wants its Job and offi rs to do its work crt a much smaller The gasoline engine claims that for email power it I<= (he most r and most economical. The electric en gine claims that it can reduce to a minimum' expense, smoke and noise, aHd that it i an be relied upon to send power hundreds of times further than the belt of a recli latlng engine can reach. Petrol is declared to be the motive power par excellence Cor the machine. Here is a picture which describes the superiority of the electric engl iver the i Invented by Watt. Behold a Btretch of twentieth century, four tracked railroad outside of New York. On one track is tho finest steam-driven locomotive that ever pulled a limited ti; in. it la rushing onward aa If the very demons were in pursuit. The drivers are whirring around, and vol umes of inky black smoke are pouring from the stack, steam bursts from . valve and a mighty roar accom panies its tli.u'lit. It is the steam driven locomotive, at the very zenith Of its power. Hut behind it comes another. The second racer glides along as smoothly as a meteor sweeping down a reach of sky. No steam, no smoke, none of the familiar things about an en gine which betoken maximum steam pressure and a wide-open throttle. Yet silently this easy-going monster bears down upon the other train, closes thfl between theip, and then passes on With the ease of a Kentucky thorough* bred passing a plow horse. This pic ture might be called "the passing of Bt( am." While the reciprocating engine is too slow for this swift age, during the cen tury iinJ a quarter of its perfected ex istence It has conferred incalculable benefits upon man, especially when made part of a locomotive, The prin- I cii.il Indictment drawn against It does not set forth that it fails !•> do its work well, for two-thirds of all the power used in manufacturing is em ployed through the reciprocating en gine, and perhaps nine-tenths of all used In transportation. It is tho lack of economy. Systems of cost-keeping and similes of conservation doctrine? have revealed that the reciprocating engine makes power too expensive, wasting and squanderine dozens of times more than it us.'?. The scientifically trained engineer who speaks in the language of heat units, potentiality, condensation any calorics with the same ease that char acterizes the physician in referring to ganglia, hemaphlegia and thrombosis, has discovered that he sends a whole regiment out to fight and that only a company gets to the front prepared for action. In other words, he puts 1120 heat units into the firebox of his boiler, and only 100 of them get through to help turn the shaft which drives the machinery of the plant. The other 1020 escape or are used up in other ways. Of these 224 use the very first avenue of escape from the temporary sentence of hard labor, getting out through fur nace radiation and flue gases. One hundred and twelve more of them shirk duty by getting away through steam pipe radiation. And then comes tho exhaust where 667 of them, more than half the number who started In, make a bold dash for liberty and succeed in reaching the circumambient. Thlf leaves 117 ready for service. Seven teen of these must run the engine it self, leaving only 100 for the machinery to which it is hitched. When one remembers that nearly half of the coal that is in the mine is wasted by improper mining methods, and that only 9 per cent of that which reaches the factory is made to do gainful work, he will see what a tre mendous waste of energy there is un der modern methods of power produc tion. Leaving entirely out of the reckoning the energy employed in the mining and the transportation of the coal, which is no inconsiderable item, Icks than 5 per cent of the power rep resented by the unmined coal can bn In a bud way, break the dishes, etc. The little mother bore it kindly a lons time. One night he came home ahead Of schedule time. After making the rounds in totvn He purchased a bolt of cloth, tied it to the saddle behind and .started home. In sume way one end* of the cloth became detached and began to unfold. The horse, not being accustomed to ba/mern of this kind, got scared, threw his head auruinst the reins and began to grab ground. The boys say he made the last mile in about 1 nothing. This meant anger and a rough house, as uiUBl, on the part of the husband, but his wife made a vigor ous hair-pulling protest, which Cured him for once and forever. All we can say Is: "Whai a Strange thins is man, and what a stranger is wonfan!" Q. B. LUNA. COMMENDS IDEA OF PRESIDENT OF COUNCIL LOS ANGELES, Jan. 4.—[Editor Her ald]: One of Judgo Works' sentences in his inauguration as president of the city council ought to be specially com mended: "No man should be allowed to remain In the service because he Is some other man's relative or friend and no inefficient or irresponsible employe should be paid the compensation due to the one who is capable of and is actually doing good service." In the various elections tljat from time to time excite the citizens num bers of incapable men are employed as judges and assistants to judges at election booths; men wabbling with dropsy, paralysis or extremu a«e, many of whom cannot even write, are insured their $8 a day, just because they are acquainted with the judge of election, or the county clerk or some other official. These ancient and Infirm Bettys, who spend most of their time watering Uu-lr lawns or collect ing their rents, promptly appear at elections and are placed on duty, serve the public In a most inefficient manner, take down their money and call it square. Judge Works' idea, if carried out properly, will stop nil this, mid insure tin; election "t capable judges, with capatile asflßtanti, who will see that election business is prop erly attended to. Being a victim of this kind of thing, I rejoice to have utilized In gainful work when thf> reclprooatlng engine ia the medium by which heat Is turned Into work. Bteam has seemed moat safely in trenched as a motive power in What in known as tlm heavy Industries, such as iteel and iron foundries. Tha metal Industrie! alone have con sumed 10 per cent of all the, steam power used In manufacturing. Hut even hare the gas engine la making inroads on its steam competitor. A recent order placed by the United States Steel corporation is only one of hundreds that are contained In the current news of the engineering world. Tt calls for tw«nty-four Baa engines with frames welshing US tons each, all of tho twin tandem, double acting typo. HaJf of these are for blower service finu half fur-power. Tho blowing engines will weigh 2.000,000 pounds and the others only slightly less. A flywheel weighs 180,000 pounds. each crank has a five-foot stroke and each crank shaft weighs 100,000 pounds. It is said that if a census of flying machines were taken today it would be found that there are fully 1000 of them in Kuropo and America Which actually fly. The United States has more than L'fiO of these. It had been thought prior to tho demonstrations uf (he Wrights that tlm success of aerial navigation depended upon the tructlon Of engines which could register almost as many horsepower as they weighed pounds. Some had been built which could develop a horsepower for less than two pounds of weight. But the Wright experi ments showed that, while, minimum weight was a very desirable attribute. of. an airship engine, it need not be obtained at the sacrifice <it efficiency. The enormous waste of power in the United States through the average. att mi plant is Illustrated by 11. St. • 'lair Putnam In an article on the.con servation of power. He says that there is 30,000,000 horsepower being lost by failure to harness the water courses of the country, and that it would require 6">0,000.00n tons of coal a year to duplicate this power—prac tically one-half more coal than the annual production of the country. He states further that if the most perfect steam-electric plants known were used it would still require L'LT),000,000 tons of coal a year to duplicate the power the raindrops possess as they hurry on to the sea through the river beds. It will be seen frnm this that he re gards the best steam-electric plant practically three times as efficient as the average steam plant with recipro cating engines. He figures that this power would suffice to move every railroad train and street oar and turn ivory /heel of Industry in the United States if it were utilized through hydro-electric plants. The practica bility of this Is shown at Niagara Falls and elsewhere. In some places ono may look from the car window and see the water in the art of turn ing the l>i« wheels of a hydro-electric plant, which means that it is pulling the train up the mountain with the force of its downward rush. But even the new powers that are being used are wasteful only in a less degree than steam through tho reciprocating engine. While it requires 1120 heat units in the tirebox to give 100 at the shaft with the reciprocating engine, the producer gas engine gets its 100 effective units from 525 in the firebox. The saving as compared with the steam engine amounts to more than half, yet even at this only 19 per cent of the inherent power in the coal Is made to do effective work at the shaft. It has been shown that gas for mo tive purposes may be transmitted for considerable distances just as well aa . electricity. This Is leading many en gineers to consider the feasibility of locating central gas power stations at the coal (nines, thus saving almost the whole cost of transportation of fuel for manufacturing. The sawmill is lo cated contiguous to the forest, and the packing house stays reasonably close to the stock raising section, because the finished product is much cheaper to transport than the raw material. In the case of the central gas power sta tion the gas would be transported in pipe lines and would represent the fin ished product. A wave engine was tested recently on the California coast, and It devel oped fifteen horsepower. As It is esti mated that the average wave breaks upon the beach with a force of seven teen tons to the square yard, It will be seen that If a way is found to harness the waves power may soon become still more Inexpensive. Tomorrow—TURBULENT CENTRAL AMERICA an opportunity to echo the learned jurist's sentiment?. Respectfully, E. H. R. The State Press White Slavery This hideous business is thoroughly organ ized ami is conducted on a largo scale, There Jj no doubt of It. The immigration commls- slon created by congress has been making in vestigations and baa already revealed a shock ing condition or alftilrs as regurdß this traffic. Tnat commission baa found that the corn- merce Is regularly organized, that it has va rr.lflcations from the Atlantic to the Pacific, and that one of Its chief centers la the city of Statue.—San Jose Mercury. Los Gatos Enterprise Ijos Qatois Is becoming noted for taking the Initiative Id forward movements. The county promotion committee v.a inspired and had it* inception here. a great fraternal organiza tion, too, has inaugurated a series of leotures to be given here this winter, and no such movement has ever been proposed In this county or part of the state before. —Los Galus Mall. Rameses on Tour The mummy of Rameses, who is supposed In have ruled Egypt about 3UOD years ago, has been brought to this 'country to grace a museum. This use or royalty suggests the word* of the poet: - Imperial Caesar, dead and turned to clay. Might stop a crack to keep the wind away. —Oakland Enquirer. -♦- Campbell Has Come Campbell has at last been put on the map to stay. Thanks to the efforts of the Camp bell Improvement club and several private citizens of the- town. Wednesday morning the supervisors of tho county granted the petition of Campbell residents to forming a townßhip, and named It Campbell township:—Campball Interurban Press. -♦- "Magna Pars' By und by The Los Angeles Herald will find that Mark Twain once lived In California and then It will claim him Immediately aa a Loa Angeleno. True, he n*ver was In that city In hla life, but to the editorial mlnld or Th« Los Angeleij Herald California iJ Los Angeles. —Sacramento Union. -*- Practical Suggestion Cement walks should Him every street in the city, and the main business streets should l>» paved. This done, the advancement and up building of Santa Clara would be rapid.— Santa Clara Newt " ;.'■;•;_. : ■;,-.'!','