Indiana daily times. [volume], February 11, 1922, Home Edition, Page 4, Image 4

About Indiana daily times. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1914-1922

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4
Jnfeta gatln STtmes
INDIANAPOLIS, INDIANA.
Daily Except Sunday, 25-29 South Meridian Streat
Telephones—MAin 3500.
MEMBERS OF AUDIT BUREAU OF CIRCULATIONS.
, . „ , Nw York, Boston, . ayne, Burns & Smith. Inc.
Advertising offices } ciiicago, Detroit, §t. Louis. G. Logau Payne Cos.
EVERY DAY we learn, more about how our best films are produced.
AGAIN is demonstrated the obvious danger of writing letters.
ANYHOW, that merger ruling promises to help the State understand
the public utility law.
WE WOULD like to see any agreement effected on taxes, tentative
or otherwise, among the persons who have to pay them.
APPARENTLY, the park board is going to buy a lot of land or none
at all and which has not yet been determined. v
THAT FEMALE purse snatcher is evidently one of the newly en
franchised who believes in equal rights and opportunities.
MR. LESH sees collusion in the cement producers' bids, but the ques-/
tion seems to be whether it is collusion that is in violation of the laws
of Indiana.
IT IS DIFFICULT to understand why Commissioner Haynes’ visit to
Indianapolis should be followed by a determination to transfer prohibition
enforcement agents from Indianapolis to northern cities.
Hon . W. G. MeAdoo—Railroader
Six months after we entered the World War the railroad systems of
the United States had collapsed and were unable to carry our troops or
foodstuffs to the seaboard. It became absolutely necessary for the Gov
ernment to take them over and operate them during the war. We could
lot get our soldiers, war material, or food to the waiting ships in our ports.
This is not denied by any one, as the condition really existed. Congress,
without a party vote, took over the rails and turned them over to the Presi
dent, the commander of our Army and Navy. Although the railroads had
been so poorly managed and robbed for years that many systems did not
pay the stockholders, the Government paid interest on investment and
where a road had paid a profit the Government paid the average earnings
for the previous five years for the use of the roads and agreed to return
in as good condition as they found them.
The President had only one man in his Cabinet who had built railroads
and big tunnels and was familiar with operation of trains, and that was
Secretary of Treasury William G. McAdoo. He was very busy selling
bonds, and not only financing the war expenses of the United States, but
helping the allies carry on their war finances. Mr. McAdoo had a man
sized job already, but like a good soldier, he took his orders from his
commander in chief and stuck on the job until the war was over, when,
worn out and in debt, he resigned and retired to private life. His millions
of friends tried to force him to run for President, but he never consented.
Now' he has been forced into the “spotlight” again by the railroad
managers that he left in charge of the roads, while the Government footed
the bills, claiming the Government returned the roads in bad condition,
and claiming damages from Uncle Sam, equal to 25 per cent of all the
jroperties ever cost. O fcourse, the railroad presidents, vice presidents,
managers, superintendents, directors, their families and friends, are sore.
Mr. McAdoo let over 1,000 private cars they used standing idle in the rail
road yards w'hile he moved soldiers and food. This is something they will
never forgive him for. Ho cut their pay in two during the war, the
SIOO,OOO a year man only got $50,000. Their relatives, who sold railroad
supplies, didn’t do well enough to have a fat profit to divide with them.
The Government bought a lot of new engines. Thousands of new cars
were bought and paid for. Tracks were improved and freight rates were
held down to one-half of what they are today. The roads were turned
back in such good condition that little or no new equipment or repairs
were,needed during the next two years, although the volume of business
was the greatest ever handled in peace times.
Nevertheless the railroads are kicking for damages on account of the
condition their properties were returned. It is absurd and untrue, and Mr.
McAdoo proved it yi the evidence (figures and facts) he presented to the
congressional committee.
Think of Congress sseriously wasting any time on a proposition to pay
the railroads $500,000,000 on a worthless claim, when our soldiers have
billions coming to them in back pay.—W. D. Boyce, in the Saturday
Blade, Chicago.
All in a Name
Distinct differences exist between the plans which have been an
nounced for the remodeling of the city hospital by the Shank administra
tion and the plans that failed under the Jewett administration.
The present plans call for an expenditure of $500,000 as against
'600,000 under the old regime.
But the greatest difference is that the present administration calls
ts plan an enlargement of the hospital and the Jewett administration des
gnated its proposed additions as a “nurses’ home.”
There existed no reason for the generally accepted belief.that the
Jewett administration expected to expend $600,000 to provide a home
for nurses. The plans were much more comprehensive than that, and had
they been carried out -would'have resulted in a creditable addition to the
city hospital.
But through some strange chance the project became known as a
project to build a “nurses’ home.” The sum of $600,000 was regarded by
the general public as ridiculously large for that purpose and so great is
the influence of misjudgment that opponents of the former mayor were
able to defeat the project.
Under the designation of an addition to the city hospital the same
project outlined by Mayor Jewett could be accomplished. The one now
n the minds of the Shank administration will not suffer from misinter
pretation and is reasonably certain of consummation.
No Cause for Alarm
There really is no reason for the nervous property owners of Indian
apolis to take alarm at the numerous announcements which have been
made by the Shank administration concerning intention of purchasing
vast amounts of property located in this and the other parts of the city.
Outside of the rather limited amounts on hand the Shank administra
tion has no other method of raising funds for these contemplated pur
chases than the issuance qf bonds. Bond issues may be challenged by
any ten taxpayers and the final decision as to issuance rests with the
State tax, board, w'hose members have become noted for their refusals to
approve rather than their willingness to allow bonds to be Issued.
No one will challenge a sane program of park and boulevard exten
sion in Indianapolis and the great majority of the citizens are heartily
in favor of playgrounds, but each and every deal of that kind with the
city will be carefully inspected and it -would not be surprising if organ
ized opposition to the purchase of more land developed in event -Liere is
found to be some ill advised purchases contemplated.
At any rate, the taxpayers of the city), are not without a check on an
extravagant or improper program of purchase and there are those who
r*on| ready to exercise their statutory rigbji of protest.
Text of President’s Address
WASHINGTON, Feb. 11.—President Harding, in delivering the arms
limitation conference treaties to the Senate yesterday afternoon, spoke as
follows:
Mr. President and gentlemen of the
Senate:
I have come to make report to you
of the conclusions of what has been
termed the Washington conference on
the limitation of armament, and to lay
before you the series of treaties which
the United States and the other powers
participating in the conference have ne
gotiated ana signed, and have an
nounced to the world. Apart from the
very great satisfaction in reporting to
the Senate, it is a privilege as well as
a duty to ask that advice and consent
which the constitution requires to make
these covenants effective.
Accompanying the treaties I bring to
you the complete minutes of both plen
ary sessions and committee meetings,
and a copy of the official report made to
me by the American delegation to the
conference. Both the comple minutes
and the official report of the American
delegation are new accompaniments to
the executive report of a treaty or
treaties, but they are fitting testimo
nials to that open anti simpler diplomacy
for which the world has asked and the
practice of which contributed largely to
the success of the conference so re
cently adjourned. 1 trust they will
facilitate that ample and helpful under
standing which is desitable in the Sen
ate, and reflect that understanding which
was the keynote of the conference itself.”
EVERY AGREEMENT
UNANIMOUS.
The whole transaction is quite out of
the ordinary. 1 am not thinking of the
achievement, which. I hope, the Senate
will come to appraise as highly as 1 do,
and as the world seems to do. I am
not thinking of the commendable pro
cesses by which agreements w-ere
wrought, though this was a conference
wholly- of free enations, exercising every
national right and authority, in which
every agreement was stamped with una
nimity. Indeed, it was a conference of
friends, proceeding in deliberation and
sympathy, appraising their friendly and
peaceful relations and resolved to main
tain them and give to the world new
assurances of peace and actual relief
from the burdens of excessive and com
petitive armament. But the out of the
ordinary phases which 1 have in mind
are that the Senate—indeed, Congress—
has already advised in favor of one—
and inferentially of two—of the treaties
laid before you today, and the naval
pact negotiated and signed Is in accord
ance with your expressed wish. It calls
a halt in the competitive construction
of capital ships in the great navies of
the world, and affords the first actual
relief from naval burdens which peoples
have been able to acclaim since steam
and steel combined to add to naval
strength in warfare.
TREATIES ALFORD WITH
WORLD ASPIRATIONS.
But though the treaty recommended to
Congress marks the beginning of a uavnl
holiday and ihat limitation of naval ar
mament which accords with a world as
piration, the particular justification of
this progressive and highly gratifying
step was the settlement of the interna
tlonal problems of the Pacific, attended
by new understandings in place of men
acing disagreements, and established
surties instead of uncertainties which
easily might lead to confli t. Much as
it was desirable to lift the burdens of
naval armament and strike at the men
ace of competitive construction and con
sequent expenditure, ttie executive branch
of the Government, which must be watch
ful for the, Nation’s safety, was unwil
ling to covenant a reduction of arma
ment until there could be plighted new
guarantees of peace, until there could tie
removed the probable menaces of conflict
Therefore, ail the treaties submitted for
your approval have such important re
lationship, one to another, that, though
not Interdependent, they are the cove
nants of harmony, of assurance, of con
viction, of conscience, and of unanimity.
These we have believed to be essen
tial to perfect that fulfilllnient which the
Congress has in mind.
Asa simple matter of fact, all of the
agreements, except those dealing with
the limitations of armaments, fake the
plnre of various multi-power treaties, re
lating to matters in the Pacific Ocean, in
which all the powers signatory were es
sentially, if not equally, concerned. The
new agreements serve to put an end to
contradictions, to remove ambiguities and
establish clear understandings.
NEW WORLD SCHOOL
OF DIPLOMACY.
No matter what mental reservations
may have existed or what doubts may
have prevailed, because here was an ex
periment new in many phases, all of
the powers came to the conference know
ing it was to deal with very practical
situations affecting their international
relations. There was mutual interest,
quite apart from the greater achievement
for world peace, and * way to common
understanding was found to be practical
and speedily arranged. If it has devel
oped anew world school of diplomacy,
let it be so called. It revealed the ends
aimed at in the very beginning and
pointed tbe way to their attainment. The
powers in conference took the world of
the Pacific as they found it in fnct. They
dealt with actualities by voluntary and
unanimous agreement, and have added to
mankind's assurance and hopefully ad
vanced international peace
It is worth while saving that the pow
ers in conference sought no concert
to dispossess any power ft its rights of
property. All the signatories havo given
up certain rights which they had as their
contribution to concord and fieace. but
at no sacrifice of national pride, with' no
regret or resentment to flame later info
conflict. Some relinquished certain rights
or prerogatives, which they had asserted,
notably in the settlement of the Shan
tung controversy, dealt with 1n a cove
nant quite apart from the group here
with submitted. But every concession
was a willing one without pressure or
constraint. The conference record is
quite unparalleled, not nlono because
there was the maximum of good feeling
and neighboriiness throughout the ses
sions, but common rejoicing in the re
sults, and the separations tn departure
were marked by genuine cordiality, good
will and new hopes.
It is not necessary to remind yon
that the conference work was not di
rected against any power or group of
powers. There wore no punishments to
inflict, no rewards to bestow. Mutual con
sideration and the common welfare, ar.d
the desire for world p--ace impelled. The
conclusions reached and the covenants
written neither require nor contemplate
compulsory measures against and power
in the world, signatory or nonsignatory.
The offerings are free will : the con
science is that of world opinion : the ob
servance is a matter of Nation honor.
great nations
BECOME CLOSE FRIENDS.
These treaties leave no power de
spoiled. The delegates of every power
participating adjourned with every
right and every authority with which
they came, except that which was will
ingly and glsdy given up to further the
common welfare. I can assure you the
nine powers have been brought more
closely together. they are stancher
neighbors and friends, they have clear
er and better estimates of one another,
they have seen suspicion challenged and
selfishness made' to retreat, they have
BRINGING UP FATHER.
i I MUDT HAVE A I WANT A <iOOO CERTAUTLT NOT- ITHOU<;hT I WUZ YOU JU*3l TRY THAT'S VtHAT TOU m
CIGAK kjAlrf CKM*. WILL YOU ? RWDEO FRO '-' THCbONC. SNO TOE LSW A /
Oman- Muyf J HffVCroSE.NO HNEORWDi j- THE LIST ONE YOULU NEVER TIME AND I’M NOT I \
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~ **| © 1922 -by int’l Feature Service, 2x22
INDIANA DAILY TIMES, SATURDAY, FEBRUARY 11, 192 z.
I keener and more sympathetic under
standings and they are more strongly
■willed for right and justice in interna
i tional relations than ever before. I be
lieve, with all my heart, the jktwers
in conference have combined to make
| the world a safer and better and more
I hopeful place in which to live.
| It was a helpful thing to have the
conference reveal how common our hu
man aspirations are and how easy it
is, when the task is properly approached
to reconcile our national aspirations.
There are mutual and essential interests
affecting the welfare and peace of ail
nations and they can not be promoted by
force. They can be revealed and magni
fied in that understanding, which it is
now proven, the conference of peace pro
motes, and the same understanding
makes compulsion and despoilment hate
! ful in the eyes of mankind.
!SEVEN COVENANTS
I ARE SUBMITTED.
The treaties submitted, seven in num
! ber. are:
j The covenant of limitation of naval
(armament between our republic, France,
' Italy, the British Empire and Japan.
The treaty between the same poavers
in relation to the use of submarines
and noxious gases in warfare.
The treaty between the United States,
British Empire, France and Japan, re
lating to their insular possessions and
their insular dominions in the Pacific.
A declaration accompanying the four
j power treaty reserving American rights
| in mandated territory.
I An agreement supplementary to the
four-power treaty defining the applica
tion of the term “insular possessions
j and insular dominions” as relating to
j Japan.
A trea<K- between the nine powers in
j the conference relating the principles and
i policies to be followed in matters con
| corning China.
A treaty between the nine powers re
i lating to Chinese customs tariff.
In invite your prompt approval of ail
lof them, rt is quite impossible to re
adjust our naval program until the
i naval treaty has your sanction, even
| though you urged its negotiation. It is
! not possible to make the readjustment
[ in full confidence until the whole pro
gram has commended Itself to your ap
j proval.
\ U. S. NOT COMMITTED
< TO ANY ALLIANCE.
1 am not unmindful nor was the con
! fereuce, of the sentiment in this ehatn
! ber against old world entanglements,
i Those who made the treaties have ieft
| no doubt about their true import. Every
expression in the conference has em
j phaslzed the purpose to be served and
■ the obligations assumed. Therefore, I
J can bring you every assurance that noth
; >ng in any of these treaties commits the
i I nited States, or any other power,
Ito any kind of an alliance, entangle
j meat or Involvement. It does net re
i quire us or any power to surrender a
| worth-while tradition. It has been said,
if tills be true, these are mere mean-
I ingles* treaties, therefore valueless.
Lot ug accept no such doctrine of despair
i Hs that. if nations may not establish
' i'y mutual understanding the rules and
| principles which are to govern their re
lationship; if a sovereign and solemn
j Plight of faith by leading nations of the
j earth is valueless; if nations may not
| trust one another, then, indeed, there Is
ill tie on which to hang our faith In
advancing civilisation or the furtherance
|of peace. Either we must live and aspire
! and achieve under a free and common
understanding among people*, with
| mutual trust, respect, and forbearance,
' and exercising full sovereignty, or else
: brutal armed force will dominate, and
the sorrows and burdens of war in this
; decade will be turned to the chaos
i and hopelessness of the next. We i-au
j no more do without international nego
; tiations and agreements In these mod
ern days than we could maintain or
i derly neighboriiness at home without
i the pres rilovi rules of conduct which
are more the guaranties of freedom
j than the restraint thereof.
REFERENCE TO LEAGUE
OF NATIONS,
The world has been hnngerlng for a
better relationship for centuries since
I It has attained its larger consciousness.
Tiie conception of the League of Nations
was a response to a manifest world hnn
j ger. Whatever its fate. whether It
achieves the great things hoped for,
or comes to supersedes*, or to failure,
I the American unwillingness to be a part
of it has been expressed. That unwil
lingness has been kept 1n mind, and
the treaties submitted today have no
semblance or relationship save as th
wish to promote peace has been tbe
i common inspiration
The four-power treaty contains no war
commitment. It covenants the respect
of each nation's rights in relation to
its insular possessions. In case of con
troversy between the covenanting pow
ers it is agreed to confer and seek ad
j justment and if said rights are threat
! ened by the aggressive action of uny
outside power, these friendly powers,
respecting one another, are to communi
<ato, perhaps confer, In order to under
stand what action may be taken. Jointly
or separately, to ine'-t a menacing situ
ation. There is no commitment to armed
force, no alliance, no written or moral
obligation to join in defense, no ex.
pressed or implied commitment to arrive
I at any agreement except In accordance
with our constitutional methods it is
easy to believe, however, that such a
conference of the four powers is a tpora)
warning that an aggressive nation,' giv
’ ing affront to the four great powers
ready to focus world opinion on a given
controversy, would be embarking on a
| hazardous enterprise.
Frankly, Senutors, if nations may not
j safely agree to respect each other's
I rights, and may not. agree to confer
if one to the compact threatens tres
pass, or may not agree to advise if one
party to the pact is threatened by an
outside power, then all concerted es
forts to tranquillze the world and stabi
| live peace roust bo flung to the winds
j Either these treaties must havo your
cordial sanction, or every proclaimed de
j sire to promote peace and prevent war
becomes a hollow mockery.
OUR INTERESTS
IN THE PACIFIC.
We have seen the eyes of tbo world
i turned to the Pacific. With Europe
. prostrate and penitent, none feared ftie
i likelihood of early conflict there. But
! the Pacific had its menaces, and they
deeply concerned us. Our territorial
j interests are larger there. Us waters
are not strange seas to us, its farther
j shores not unknown to our citizens. Our
earlier triumphs of commerce were
| there. Wc began treaty relationships
| with China full eighty years ago, in the
youthful vigor of our republic, and the
I sailings of our dipper ships were the
! romance of our merchant marine, when
| it successfully challenged the competition
!of the world. Seventy years ago Com
| moclore Perry revealed Japan to coin-
I roerce, and there followed that surpass
ing development of the island empire,
with whom our unbroken peace found a
most gratifying reflex in the conference
! Just closed.
■ A century ago we began planting the
! seeds of American friendship in Hawaii
iand seventy years ago Webster told the
Senate that the United States could
“never consent to see these islands taken
possession of by either of the great com
mercial powers of Europe.”
Whether it was destiny, or the develop
ment of propinquity, or the influence of
our colonists, or faith in our institutions,
Hawaii came under the flag in 1898, and
rejoices today as a part of our republic.
The lure of the waters, or the march
of empire, or the call of commerce, or
inscrutable destiny led us on, and we
went to the South Seas and planted the
flag in Samoa. Out of the war with
Spain came our sponsorship in the Phil
ippines, and the possession of Guam; and
so we are deeply concerned in the mid-
Paeiflc, the South Seas and the very
center of the Far East. We crave peace
there as we do on the continent, and we
should be remiss in performing a na
tional duty if we did not covenant the
relations which tend to guarantee it.
For more than a half century we have
had a part in influencing the affairs of
the Pacific, and our present proposed
commitments ars not materially different
in character nor materially greater
in extent, though fraught with vastly less
danger, than our undertakings in the
past.
OUR REAL CONCERN
IN THE EAST.
We havo convinced the onlooking and
interested powers that we covet the pos
sessions of no other power in the Far
East, and we know for ourselves that
we crave no further or greater govern
mental or territorial responsibilities
there. Contemplating what is admit
tedly ours, and mindful of a long-time
and reciprocal friendship with China, we
do wish the opportunity to continue the
development of our trade peacefully,‘and
on equality with other nations, to
strengthen our ties of friendship and to
make sure 'the righteous and just rela
tionships of peace.
Holding the possessions we do, enter
taining these views and confessing these
ambitions, why should we not make re
ciprocal engagements to respect the ter
ritory of others and contract their re
spect of ours, and thus quiet apprehen
sion and put an end to suspicion?
There has been concern. There has
been apprehension of territorial greed, a
most fruitful cause of war. The confer
ence has dissipated both, and your rati
fication of the covenants made will sta
bilize a pence for the breaking of which
there is not a shadow of reason or retii
excuse. We shall not have !e-s than be
fore. No one of us shall have less titan be
hampered independence, no shattered sov
ereignty, no added obligation. We will
have new assurances, new freedom from
anxiety and new manifestations of the
sincerity of our own intentions, anew
demonstration of that honesty which pro
claims a righteous and powerful re
public.
1 nut ready to assume the sincerity and
the dependability of tiie assurances of
our neighbors of tiie old world that they
will respect our rights, just as I know
we mean to respect theirs. I believe
there is an inviolable national honor and
I bring to you this particular covenant
in the confident t.eltef that it is the out
standing compact of peace for the Pacific,
which will Justify the limitation of ar
mament and prove anew guarantee to
peace and liberty, and maintained sov
ereignty and free institutions.
No allusion has been made to the
treaty restraining and limiting the use of
the submarine, and rite prohibition of
noxious gases in warfare. Since we are
asking the world’s adherence, it is easily
assumed that none in America will hold
aloof.
PLEADS FOR EARLY
RATIFICATION.
Nor need T dwell on the nine power
treaty relnting to principles and poli
cies to be followed In tiie relationship
of the signatory powers to Chinn. Our
traditional friendship for the ancient
empire, our continued friendship for
the new republic, our commitment of
more than twenty years to the open
door, anti our avowed concern for Chi-
Xiese integrity and unimpaired sov
ereignty, make it easv to assume that
the Senate will promptly and unanimous
Iv assent. China’s own satisfaction in
the restoration covenanted here has been
officially expressed, quite apart from
the testifying signatures.
Perhaps I may fittingly add a word
which ts stiggsfed by my relationship
as a former member of the Senate. I
had occasion to learn of your very prop
er jealousy. of the Senate’s part in con
tracting foreign relationships Frankly,
it was In my mind when 1 asked rep
resentative* of both the majority and
minority to serve on the American dele
gation. It was designed tig have you
participate. And you were ably repre
sented.
The Senate’* concern for freedom from
entanglements, for preserved traditions,
for maintained Independence, was never
once forgotten by the American dele
gate*. If I did not believe these treaties
brought us not only new guarantees of
peace, but greater assurances of free
dom from conflict. I would not subqnit
them to vour consideration.
Much depends on your decision. We
have Joined in giving to the world the
spectacle of nations gathering about the
conference table, amid the convictions
of peace, free from all passion, to face
each other In the contracts of reason, lo
solve menacing problems, and end dls
putes and clear up misunderstandings.
They have agreed to confer again when
desirable, and turn the revealing light
of world opinion on any menace to peace
nroong them. Y'our government encour
aged, and has signed the compacts which
it bnd much to do in fashioning. If to
these understandings for peace. If to
these advanced expressions of the con
science of leading powers, If to these
concords to guard agninst conflict ad life
the burdens of armament, if to all of
these the Senate will not advise and con
vent. then It will he futile to try again
Here has been exercised every caution
consistent with accomplishment. Here
was a beginning on your advice, no mat
ter when conceived and tiie program was
enlarged only because assurances of tran
quility were deemed the appropriate con
comitants of the great experiment in
arm* limitation.
RESPONSIBILITIES OF
THE PRESIDENT,
I alluded a moment ago to my knowl
edge of the viewpoint of the Senate,
from personal experience. Since that
experience I have come to know the
viewpoint and inescapable responsibility
of the executive. To the executive comes
the closer view of world relationship
and a more impressive realization of tbe
menaces, tbe anxieties and the appre
hensions to be met.
We have no rivalries in our devotion
to the things we call American, because
that is a common consecration. None
of us means to endanger. none of us
would sacrifice a cherished national in
heritance. In mindfulness of this mu
tuality of Interest, common devotion
and shared authority. I submit to the
Senate tlmt if we can not join in mak
ing effective these covenants for peace,
and stamp this conference with Amer
ica's approval, wo shall discredit the
influence of the republic, render future
efforts futile or itn'ik'iy, and write dls
coiiragement. where today the world is
ready to acclaim new ho; ? Because of
this feeling, because I believe in the
merits of these engagements I submit
them to the Senate with every confi
dence that you will approve.
BLINDNESS BETRAYS HIM,
BRIGHTON, England, Feb. It —When
William Shakespeare was married in
1910 his bride thought he whs :i single
man. While serving In the army during
the war ha was wounded and lost his
sight. Then Mrs. Shakespeare had to
read his correspondence, and learned he
had committed bigamy. She has now
had him arrested.
GOVERNMENT
‘Of the People, by the People, for the People?
The Tyranny of the Majority.
Through misconception of government
and its functions, many citizens confuse
the idea that “the majority rules” with
the theory that consequently the majority
dominates; that majority, through its
representatives, has power to coerce,
regulate and control all citizens. This is
a mistake and wholly contrary to the
principles of American Government.
One of the most sacred duties and obli
gation of government and of the so-called
“majority” under the government, is the
protection of the rights of the minority,
even to a single citizen, and to protect
that citizen's rights against invasion, re
striction or violation by any other citizen,
group of citizens or the government it
self. The founders of the Government of
the United States specifically provided
for this in the Constitution. After setting
forth that the government itself was
nothing more or less than a grant of
limited powers of the people by them
selves, tbe first of ten amendments (some
times called “The Bill of Rights") were
Immediately adopted. Among other
specific provisions therein, are such as
religious freedom; freedom of speech and
of the press; the right “to peacefully as
semble and to petition for the redress of
grievances”; “ the right of people to be
secure in their persons, houses, papers
and effects, against unreasonable searches
and seizures”; and, to quote Article IX.
“The enumeration in the Constitution of
certain rights shall not be construed to
deny or disparage others retained by the
people.” Thus the individual citizen is
secure in his Individual and personal
rights against invasion by either the
Government or the majority of citizens.
However, what is called “modern’’ gov
ernment shows a marked departure from
this ideal and the individual must neces
sarily be ceaselessly alert to defend and
protect his rights.
The tyranny of the majority is a con
dition not generally recognized. It is
one that should be included in the en
croachments against which society needs
ever to be on guard. There is nothing
new about this phase of human nature;
it is as old as history, but it is a situa
tion that fastens itself upon a people by
insiduous and imperceptible processes
Such tyranny never operates openly. It
always works under the guise and tbe
name of “public good,” "efficiency in
government” or similar methods. It adds
,i sligh' restriction in one place, regu-
Ye TOWNE GOSSIP
Copyright, 1922. by Star Company.
By K. C. B
Dear K. C. B. —ls you were a country
storekeeper and sold skates anil you had
a lot on hand that you had been trying
to sell for several years and then a good
year like this one eamo along and there
was plenty of skating and you took the
whole bunch of skates and put them in a
box and stood them neyr the front dooi
of the store and marked them 73 cents,
although they had all cost you more than
that and when school was out all the
boys and girls came nlong and examined
the skates and hurried home and came
back and bought them and seemed over
joyed and you happy because the
money kept coming in and because the
children were happy ( , and then nlong
came a little fellow npd atood and looked
at the skates, but didn't say anything
and you noticed that a pants leg was
empty and he walked with a crutch,
wouldn’t that be a cloud in your sun
shine? ' C. H. IJ.
DEAR C. 11. H.
* • •
IF Y'OU were a little fellow.
AND SOME time.
• • •
YOU LOST a leg
• • •
AND YOU used a crutch.
AND YOU couldn’t play.
ALL OF the game*.
* • •
THAT OTHER bov* played
AND WINTER came.
AND THE ponds froze.
• • •
AND THE rivers froze.
• ♦ •
AND THERE was skating.
• •
AND IN your town.
THERE WAS a storekeeper.
WHO HAD a heart
• * •
AS WELL as a purse
AND HE took all his skates.
AND MARKED them down.
SO MOST every kid.
COULD BUY a pair.
AND YOU happened along.
• • •
ON YOUR one grood leg.
• • •
AND ON your crutch.
• • •
AND Y'OU saw the kids.
* • *
SELECTING THEIR pkntes.
* • •
AND THEY were happy.
* * *
AND MUCH excited.
AND THE village storekeeper.
• *
WAS JUST as happy.
• • •
WOULDN’T YOU feel.
• * •
THAT AFTER all.
** * /
AND EVEN though.
• • *
VOU nAD lost a leg.
• *
IT WAS mighty good.
TO HAVE a storekeeper.
• . *
YVHO SEEMED to be glad.
• • •
HE HAD a chance.
* * >
TO DO a good turn.
FOR A lot of kids.
* • •
I THANK you.
By GEORGE McMANUS.
I lates In another, redelegates legislative
' powers in another until finally all of
| these little inroads are coordinated and
i overlapped and the minority or the indi-
I vidual is deprived of many of the rights
I accorded under the Constitution, with no
definite place of attack visible where le
gal defense may be made by those right
fully resisting the encroachment.
This evil, strange as it may seem, flour
ishes best under a democratic form of
government where delegated authority is
either abused, perverted or redelegated to
bureaus, boards and commissions. The
tyranny of the majority wus much in evi
dence in the early colonial days. The
majority of the Colonists were engaged
in agriculture; the minority were the
tradesmen. Asa result, the minority
were soon groaning under the burdens of
laws giving relief favoring agricultur
ists and placing hardships on the minor
ity. This practice has continued in vary
ing degrees since then but more especial
ly in the last twenty years. These in
roads work both through legislative en
actment and through social, educational
financial and industrial life. In them
those who, being temporarily endowed
with what some are pleased to call "pow
er,” proceed to dominate and “drive”
their fellow-citizens.
During the . World War there were
many instances in this country where
the tyrnnny of the majority was notice
able. This may have been Inspired as
war measures, througa a sense of neces
j sity, or an incorrect idea of patriotism.
; Orders of councils, unconstitutional legal
j enactments, patriotic movements and even
social life imposed undue pressure upon
the rights and liberties of the minorities
in matters strictly personal and against
citizens whose loyalty and patriotism
were beyond question, situation
was growing in strength but the war ac
centuated it. It was present before the
war and to our peril now.
Today we are confronted with various
forms of tyranny that an unrestrained
i majority increases rather than removes.
I Sometimes it has acted in the open, as
during the war, under the guise of neces
sity; other tinfes it operates insidiously
i and under cover. Unless steps are taken
I to return to the Constitution and to ad
here to the spirit of government given
by our forefathers,- citizens will find
themselves under a reign of tyranny op
; erating through a temporary majority,
controlled by oureaucracy and paternal
ism, and the Nation's birthright of con
stitutional government for which it bled
in the past and for which o great a
price has been paid, will vanish.
Under such a regime, when society is
! itself the tyrant, the means of tyranniz
ing is not limited to arts or laws which
the majority may strive to enforce
through !ts polltiegl officers, but goes be
yond these in degrees varying with the
whims and fads of its followers.
W. IT. Taft, when President of the
United Stares, declared: “No honest, clear
headed man. however great a lover of
popular government, can deny that the
unlimited expression of the majority of
a community converted hastily into law
or action would sometimes make a gov
ernment cruel and tyrannical.”
The tyrenny of the majority was at
first and is still, generally considered as
operating chiefly through the acta of
public authority. Protection against th-'
tyranny of the magistrate is not enough.
That is the lesser of two evils and fol
lows rather as a result than as the
cause of the minority’s oppression. The
need of protection against th“ tyranny
of popular and hasty opinion is most es
sential. The falsely inspired enthusiasm
egotism and bigotry strive to impose
their own Ideas and praetiees npon those
who fail to agree with them. Each make
illegal efforts to hinder the free expres
sions of individuality whieh are not tn
1 harmony with this wrong conception
Lord Bryce says. “A majority is. tyran
nical when it decides without hearing the
! minority, when it suppresses fair and
temperate eritlcium of its own acts, when
I it persists in retraining men in ’natters
| where restraint is not required by com
mon interest, when it forces men to con
, tribute money to objects which they dis
approve and which the common interest
dies not demand.”
The most evil element of tyranny does
■ not consist in the form of the act which
may be outwardly legal. The deadening
: and vicious element is in the spirit which
is revealed in the enforcement, in the an
j jus'ice and oppressions upon the com
; munlty. This tyrannical attitude is the
i greatest foe of individual liberty, iait’a-
I five and development, and is one which,
America must courageously meet and
i master.
Ttie Constitution has provided protec
tion end the only way the American
citizen can come into his full heritage
; of individual liberty and freedom is to
go hack to the Constitution, tear down
every vestige of bureaucracy and pater
nalism and re-establish the dearly bought
birthrights of free citizenship and the
sacred rights of the minority.
As long a* the Constitution of the Unit
ed States remains the comer stone of
onr Government, it will be possible for
the minority to fli-d relief from the
tyranny of the majority,
i ■
Woiren Launch Big
Membership Drive
LONDON. Feb 11—Tbe International
Federation of Working Women, following
its recent Congress at Geneva, has lo
cated its secretariat here and launched
an intensive metnber'--hip campaign. At
the next congress, in 1923, the leaders
hope to report an advance in organi
zation work in practically every coun
try of the world. Mrs. Raymond Rob
ins of the United States is president.
Tethered By Tongue
EDINBURGH. Feh. 11 William West
was sentenced to six weeks’ imprisonment
here because he tied a strap to his
horse’s tongue and then fastened it to
a post. When the horse jerked his head
back part of its tongue was torn away.
SLAYS FRAYING CHILD.
SOFIA. Bulgaria. Fob. 11—Count Boris
Morescn Killed his wife In despair over
the loss of his fortune. As his ten
year-old daughter, who had witnessed
the murder, was on her knees praying
for deliverance the father also shot her
to death. Then he gave himself lip.
COUNTY ROADS
WILL BE UNDER
PATROL SYSTEM
!
Highway Superintendent to
Make Test of New
Law.
Announcing that the road patrol main
tenance system as provided for in the
laws enacted by the 1921 General Assem
bly would be adopted for a number of
highways in Marion County, Warren
Rumford, county highway superintend
ent, today stated that he expects to be
gin the patrol system within a very short
time. “I have little doubt that mainte
nance work as provided for under tbi*
act will be found a valuable adjunct to
our county road system. Jnst as it has
been proven a valuable aid to the State
roads. We are planning to give the
maintenance system a thorough trial in
Marion County on some of the main
highways, and if it proves itself an we
expect, we plan gradually to extend the
patrol on all county roads.”
MOTOR CLUB
A VTIVITIEM.
Mr. Rumford points out that the patrol
maintenance act was parsed through the
activities of the Iloosier Motor Club, rep
resenting the organized motorists of
Marion County, and the Hoosier State
Automobile Association, representing the
motorists if the State at large. The*e
organizations, he stated, have since been
actively engaged in inducing the various
boards of county commissioners to adopt
the t an and he states quite a number
of aunties are already working under
this system.
“The law gives the country road an
thorities ample facilities under which to •
provide road repair materials at frequent
intervals along a highway.” said Mr.
Rumford, “anti provides for a regular
patrol of that highway so that when
holes begin to form they can quickly be
repaired. A system of grading and drag
ging is also provided for, so shat when
once properly prepared, a county high
way may b. kept in good condition an!
thus, it is argued, save many thousands
of dollars in replacement costs every few
years. In addition to tnis it is sholrn
shat the saving to jautomobile owners in
lessened wear and tear on their vehicles
will be an important result from the
functions of this law.”
STATE ROADS
NOT INCLUDED.
3)he highways of Marion County un
der control of the highway superintend
ent now include the so-called* township
roads, but do not include State-main
tained roads. The total mileage now un
der Mr. Romford's supervision in this
county is approximately 1.200 miles, he
stated. “We are quite handicapped for
funds and for proper machinery,” he
added. “In 1920 the total funds amounted
to oply $130,000 and many smaller coun
ties of Indiana, with half or a third of
our mileage, had as high as twice that
sum. Coming into 1921 we had between
$30,000 and SOO,OOO in nnpaid claims
hanging over from the previous year,
which reduced the amount available for
road work last year. T rucks were in bad
condition and two new ones were pur
chased, and in addition we purchased two
large tractors and graders. We need
much more equipment if we are prop
erly to care for <>ur highways and I am
hopeful of obtaining quite a bit of new
machinery this year." "
Mr. Rumford declared that in the most
part the principal roadways of Marion
County are in good traveling condition
and have been ail winter, barring some
ruts caused by partial thawing and
freezing, and in this he is substantiated
by reports from the Hoosier Motor Club
scout department as well as frequent
reports from the rural route division of
the Indianapolis postoffice. "We feel uu-'
der obligations to the Hoosier Motoi
Club for its constant assistance in
reporting 2r.d road, conditions,” he said.
“It has also been great help to
us in keeping detours properly marked.”
WORK UNDER
CONTEMPLATION.
The principal work contemplated by
Mr. Rumford is widening the roadways
wherever possible and providing ditches
which will supply proper drainage, ho
states. He points out that the Kuo man’s
land” gaps between county or State
roads and city streets are now all either
paved, under process of being paved or
under contract under the connecting
link law
"The best part of It, so far as motor
ists are concerned." he said, “is shat
we no longer will dump wagon loads of
gravel on the Roadways and allow the
front axles of automobiles, or the engine
bases, to do the spreading. We be
lieve any automobile driver who has run
into loose gravel two feet deep
will appreciate this. Mr. RcmfonJ
also stated that he has tlx
motor club to watch all bjldge ap
proaches more closely, erect more guar*
railing and paint them white, and to
safeguard travel from bad ditches and
other hazards that motorists are apt to
encounter.
SAYS TRAPPING
SEASON CLOSED
Mannfeld Reports Time for
Taking Mink. Muskrat at End.
Digest booklets, issued by the fish and
game division of the State conservation
department giving comprehensive Infor
mation on Indiana laws protecting fish,
game, birds and fur-bearing animals
contain a section printed regarding the
open and closed season on mink and
muskrat which apparently confuses
some trappers. The booklets set forth
In one section that the closed season on
mink and muskrat extends to March 31.
whereas the closing date is Feb. 10.
along with that of all other fur-bearing
animals In this State. This section of
iaw was included in the pamphlets be
cause the former law related to the de
truction of muskrat houses and other
matters not taken care of in the new
act passed by the 1921 legislature.
According to George N. Mannfeld.
chief of the division, mink and muskrat
may be trapped, killed and possessed
only from and including Nov. 10 to and
including Feb. 10.
REGISTERED U. 8. I’ATOT OFHC*