The citizen. [volume], June 24, 1920, Page PAGE SIX, Image 6

About The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958

Image provided by: University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY

                
Pago Sir
THE CITIZEN
Juno 21, 1020.
'
MOUNTAIN
Conducted by Mr. Robert F. Spence, Farm Demonstrator and Special
Investigator
SCAFFOLD CANE COMMUNITY
Saturday nighl, Juno 20, will boa
big nigbt for that community
liveryhody in Ibc communily will
gather at tlio school houso and en-
Joy an hour and a half program
of Iho host sort. Tlio Junior Agri
cultural Club boys and girls have
charge of the first half of tlio even
ing. It's not to ho known just what
they aro going to do until Satur
dr.y night. There's no way of find
ing out except to get thcro early
and hold your scat.
The farmers will have chargo of
tho second half of tho evening.
They won't tell .what's up until
Saturday night. Let's all go and
see and hear for ourselves. Mr,
Feltner, an Eastern Kenluoky man,
will he present and say a few words.
JUNIOR AGRICULTURAL -CLUB
MEETING
isaiuniay aitcrnoon, June iv, a
largo crowd of club boys and girls
met at Counly Agent Spenco's offco
and discussed their club work and
plans for 1920. They recited lessons
1 and 2 from bulletin 51. A report
was given by each member present
as lo his or her crop or animals.
Fourteen of those present had their
record books up to date, had studied
lessons and all letters written and
mailed out by County Agent Spence.
Plans for a Club Convention to
bo held in Hcrea, wero discussed
and a committee appointed to seo
about time and cooperation of Bcrea
College. A second committee was
appointed to work out plans for
a picNiic at Booncsboro somo time in
July. A vote was taken and carried
that no club member would bo al
lowed tonttend this all-day picnic
unless he or sho had lessons up to
dale and record book complete, so
far as crops or animals would
allow at tho present lime.
TAKE CARE OF SUMMER MILK
Tho season of sour milk ha3 ar
rived and it will cost tho country a
great deal of money between now
and frost. Milk sours and Ihi
family cannot uso it. Milk goes to
tlio cheese factory to sour to make
good checso. In either case, tho
dairyman loses tho prico of the
milk and the country loses that
much good food.
Tho remedy is ico and steam, say
dairy specialists of tho U. S. Depart
ment of Agriculture. Keep tho milk
clean and cool. Sterilize all iho
utensils. If you cannot get ice, uso
the coldest water available in the
tanks in which tlio cans of milk arc
kept. If steam is not available, do
tho best you can with boiling wator.
See tho county agent, or write to
the U. S. Department of Agriculture
at Washington, of information on
how to do it.
THE MOUNTAINS HEARD FROM
The mountain oounly agricultural
agents will gather in Lcxing.
ton June 28, 29 and 30 lo discuss
Mountain Agriculture Thoy will
visit State Collcgo of Agriculture
and become acquainted with heads
of Departments and all experiment
and demonstration work thereof.
This is tho iflrst lime in Iho his
tory of tlio State Collcgo of Agri
ci lturo that mountain county ngcnU
have had tho opportunity of gather
ing at tho Collego of Agriculture
and discussing real mountain agri
cNilturo. Wo aro glad to see a new
day beginning for Hastern Ken
lucky; a day when our mountain
farms and farmers arc to bo benefited
THE NEW
United States Cream Separator
WITH DISC BOWL
"The "U. S." proved the best,
In the most severe contest."
It excels all others in the following points: Onc-piccc frame,
sanitary base, all gears enclosed, shafts do not turn, oil splash
syslem, slow speed crank, right or
m
AGRICULTURE
directly by our expert service and
scientific methods of our Collcgo
of Agriculture.
SOME SUGGESTIONS ON CORN
GROWING
Corn is capital, nnd when rightly
Invested in food for man or beast,
returns greater dividends than any
other farm crop. Practically ono-
tl'ird of tho area of the farm crops,
and one-fifth of the improved farm
buds of the United Slates, is de
viled lo corn. Except in a few lo
calities in the United States, a
mans standing in tho communily
as a farmer is rated by his ability
and achievements in corn produc
tion. It is the grcnlesl and surest
source of food on tho farm. In
creased production is easily sccurct
by increasing the acreage or grow
ing moro corn per acre. Tlio latter
means is Iho most economical, when
obtained by improved soil or soli
conditions, good seed, proper fer
tilization and cultivation. Tho
greatest increase in yield must bo
expected from improved soil con-
litions.
Selection of the Land
Ideal soil for corn is a well
trained, deep, loose loam, well sup
plied with decayed organic mat.
ei to hold moisture and pos
slide, plant food. This soil is eel
lorn found. Corn Is being grown on
a greater variety of agricultural
si Hs than any other crop. Many
of these soils are too poor lo grow
orn profitably, but should first bo
built up. This building up can not
ie permanently or profitably dono
by tho use of commercial fertili
zers alone, but when rightly com
imed with manure and legumes.
Ins insures real, legitimate profit.
After the condition of the soil,
water is tlio determining factor in
corn production, 330 to 700 pounds
icing required lo make one pound
oi dry matter.
Plowing
Break corn land eight inches deep.
This plowing should be dono in the
fall or wintor, unless a cover crop
s grown or the land washes, run3
Tether or is thin; otlicrwise, plow
n tho early spring, at a time pud-
uiing or clods will not occur. If
the land has not been broken lo the
above depth at somo former plow
ing, increase tho depth of plowing
gradually, by plowing each time not
moro than Iwo inches dcopcr in
Hie fall, and ono incli deeper in tlio
spring.
In the spring harrow every half
nays plowing, to prevent clods
Frll and winter plowing can bo left
rough during tho winter. Sod lands.
unless rolling, inclined lo pack or
tUin, are best plowed in the fall or
winter. Disking before plowing
conserves moisture and tends to
provent clods.
The Seed Bed
No amount of cultivation after
planting can mako up for neglect
preparing tho seed bed. Disc and
harrow fall plowing at least twice
before planting. Spring plowing
will need tho same treatment, and
often more. Mash any clods pres
ent witli a plank drag. Harrow the
land often enough before planting
lo keep it soft and moist and de
stroy young weeds.
Fertilizers
Tho kind and quantity varies with
soil characteristics and condition?.
Slnblo manure and turned-under
legumes stand first in value, and
should bo Iho source of nitrogen.
Phosphoric acid pays on almost
left hand, easy running, fewer bowl
discs and interchangeable, easy
washing, close skimming.
Time has not changed the fact
that the UNITED STATES SEPARA
TOR in open competition, set the
World's Record for close skimming,
.0138 of 1 percent, in the most
thorough test ever conducted.
You can make a World' Itecord iu cloo
okimming in your own dairy by luiatf a New
United States Due Separator
Come and see
R. H. CHRISMAN
Berea, Kentucky
all soils, and potash on many, es
pecially thoso that aro lighl colored,
windy or thin. Threo liundrcd
pounds of 10 acid phosphalo and
if pounds of murinle of potash
should give good results. If the
potash Is not needed, it shjould
not bo applied. I soil is deficient
In nitrogen nnd no manuro or lo
gumcs aro used, apply 100 pound)
of nitralo of soda broadcast in tho
row when tho corn is 12 or 18
inches high. All fertilizers except
nitrate of soda should bo applied
bioadcasl and harrowed into Iho
soil when tho seed bed Is being pro
pcrcd. ,
Seed Corn
Any pure variety that yields and
mnlures well in tho locality should
be used. Uso only llvo, tested corn.
Nub and lip nil ears beforo shelling.
otherwise the seed can not bo evenly
dripped by tho planter. Never im
port seed corn for tho main crop.
If new seed Is necessary, got it
from somo neighbor. When start-
ing with a new variety, get only
enough for n small plot. If tho
variety proves successful, seed can
lie selected for next year's planting.
Time to Plant
Plant as soon as tho ground is
warm enough for prompt germina
tion and not before. Early plant
ir.sf generally gives best results.
Aim o (hush by May 10th.
Local conditions, such as Into
seasons, rainfall, cold soils, or the
presence of a cover crop, sometimes
delay (he lime of planting.
(Continued Next Week)
GOOD ROADS INDISPENSABLE
Highway Improvement It a Business
Proposition With Farmer and
City Dweller.
When It tnkes four horses to pull
nn empty wagon to town nnd wheat Is
going off In price onch day; when tlio
mail cnrrlpr give nn In despair1, nnd
tlio children cannot get to school, tho
fnrmer ennnot help wondering how
much this condition Is costing lilin
each day.
Figure ns he may, he ennnot get
awny from tho fact thnt good roads
nro Indispensable to agricultural pros
perity.
The city dweller Is nllko concerned.
The fnnti on n good rond tins scores
of possibilities for tho development of
Its resources to every, one open to tho
fnnn on n iwwr rond. Increased ex
penditures! grenter buying powers.
in tho early dnys of poverty many a
county bonded Itelf for hundreds of
thousands of dollars to secure rail-
ronds to promote agricultural develop
ment Three-fourths of nil tho freight
the rallronds hnul must sooner or later
move over the puhllc highways, and
every ton so moved Is costing at an
avorngo rate of 23 cents per mile.
Verily, road Improvement Is n busi
ness proposition n matter of dollars
nnd ronts.
High Speed Steel Vlthout Tungsten.
A' new high speed steel of British
origin Is without tungsten In Us com
position and advantages of both a
practical and economical nature are
claimed. It Is cobalt-molybdenum
steel, the cobalt apparently acting as
a stabilizer nnd as correcting certain
dlsadavautages said to exist In molybdenum-tungsten
6teels. The now steel
Is claimed to possess the highest point
of efficiency ever obtained. The hard
ening temperature required Is only In
tho neighborhood of 2,000 degrees
Fahrenheit. The steel Is also reported
to machine exceptionally soft and eas
ily. The specific gravity of como steel
Is reported to bo equal to that of the
old carbon tool steel, and so 10 per
cent less Uian that of the tungsten
high-speed steels, Ai a result It Is
estimated thnt a given weight of como
steel will produco 10 per cent more
tools than the samo weight of regular
high-speed steel.
CINCINNATI MARKETS.
Hay and Grain.
Corn No. 2 white $2.022.OI, No.
2 yellow $1.60 S UK), No. II yellow $1.S8
01.89. No. 2 mixed $1.88 1.89. No. 3
nilft.'d $1.8701.88, whlto ear $l.lir2.
Sound liny Timothy per tou $300
41. clover mixed ?3039, clover $23
32.
Oats No. 2 whlto $1.23 1.23ft, No.
3 whlto $1.2201.23, No. 2 mixed
$1.1001.20, No. a mixed $1.1801.10.
Wheat No. 2 red $2.8902.00, No. 8
red $2.8502.87.
Butter, Eggs and Poultry.
Hutter Whole milk creamery extras
Wic, tlrsts 53c, seconds -c, fancy dairy
ISc.
Kggs Kxtrn llrsts 39c, firsts 37c or
dinary firsts :iuc.
Live I'oultry Hrollers, 1 lb nnd
over GOc; fowls, 4i lbs and over 2Sc:
under 4ft lbs 28c; roosters luc.
Live Stock.
Cattle Stcors, good to choice $130
10, fair to Kood $10013, common to
fulr $u.5O01O; heifers, good to choice
$13014, fulr to Kood $10013, common
to fulr $5.60 10, cuniiers $105,
stock steers $7011, stock heifers $0.50
09.
Calves Oood to cholco $13015, fall
to good $10013, common aud lurge $6
00.
Sheei) Good to cholco $708, fall
to good $107, common $203, lambs,
good to cholco $10.50017, fair to good
$14.50010.50.
Hogs Selected heavy shipper!
S15.7501O. good to choice nacken
! and butchers $10, medium $10, com
1 ruon to cholco heavy fut sows $80
12.25, light shippers $16015.25, plgi
(110 lbs and less) $0012.
HOME DEPARTMENT
Conducted by Miss Margaret Dizney, Director of Home Science
FEEDING THE CHILD
By C. Houston Goudiss
(Continued From Last Week)
Sugar is tlio most concentrated of
al! forms of food energy. It is trans
formed into heal in tho body moro
quickly than any other food.
Most experts in child diet agree that
we feed loo much freo sugar lo
children of this age.
Dr. Alfred C. Fones, of Bridge
port, Connecticut, who has led the
ciil ire nation by installing n ays
tem for caring for tho leelh of tho
school children In that city, is au
thority for the statement that thoro
should be no free sugar in tho dicl
of (he child from hirlh to fifteen
years of age.
By freo sugar is meant sugar as
we ordinarily know it. Ho would
; have Iho child rely on tho natural
j sugars in fruit and milk nnd on the
sugar mado by their bodies from
Iho intake of starchy foods, such
as broad, polnloes and cereals.
After careful investigation, ho points
Mil that the laslo for sugar Is de
veloped in children by feeding them
sweetened foods nnd that often tho
sugar takes tho place of Iho moro
wholesomo foods.
Tho sugar consumption is so ox.
cessivc, ho says, that tho liver is
overloaded with glycogen, and that
eplen in tho form of sweetened
foods or rnndy, ferments on tho
teelh. It also causes discaso In tho
teeth by action of osmosis, which
carries tho sugar through the
i enamel into tho tooth structure.
The bacteria which cause tooth de
cay live and multiply best in a
sugar solution, so that Iho argu
ment seems reasonable.
Other doctors point out that tho
craving for sweets is noL natural
iu children, but is a tnsto that is
artificially developed. An addi
tional danger of feeding loo much
si.gar lies in tho fact that tho
child gets its energy from tho sugar
intake and, Ihoroforo will not
col heartily of other foods which
contain protein for musolo building
and mineral sails for bono structure
and body regulation.
Sugar is concentrated energy, and
therefore is tlio best appetite reduo
ing food known. Hut remember it
only furnishos energy. It does not
build bono or musclo. It cannot bo
relied upon to nourish growjng
bodies.
If it is desired to givo children
free sugar noney furnishos this
in delightful form and is more easily
atf-imilatcd than cano sugar. If you
let them have candy, givo it to them
yourself. Mako suro they do not
get it in some corner sloro where I
it is apt to bo colored with in
jurious dyes and do not let them
eat candy between meals. And
keep on emphasizing honey 1
If the child's needs seem to indi
cate moro food than tlirco ordi
nary meals provide, a glass of milk
with somo crackers or even sweet
ened cakes or a piece of fruit be
tween meal3 is far belter than
enndy. Sweetened chocolate, eaten
with whole wheat craokcrs, is a
pood answer to tho child's craving
for sweets, because It contains fats
and other elements of food value
in addition lo its sugar content. A
"sweet tooth" can bo developed by
f faulty diet anil can bo kept under
control by proper attention lo diet.
Another class of foods that
should bo relied upon for bowel
regulation nro (ho green "leaf"
vegetables, such as lettuce, celery
spinach, etc. Thcro was a 1 1 mo
when thoso agreeable edibles wore
gonorally looked upon ns lacking iu
food value, becauso thoy did not
contain enough energy-fuel units.
Hut wo havo discovered they aro
important sources of vilamlncs as
well ns of mineral salts such ns
iron, all of which aro needed to
keep liltlo bodies vigorous aud ablo
ti resist disease.
Tlio iron and mineral salts found
iu vegetables aro Naturo's ideal form
of thoso vital elements for assimi
lation by liltlo bodies. Thoy will
be easily taken into Iho system,
whereas tho forms furnished by
tho drug sloro often nro eliminated
practioally ns taken in. Theso "leaf
vegetables nro also bulk foods which
supply liltlo bodies, with insoluble
cellulose tho main sourco of tho
mass of matter needed by tho in
testines to facilitate tho elimination
of wasto and keep tho bowels mov
ing regularly.
Vegetables should always bo eaten
witli tlio water In which thoy nro
cooked, so as lo utilizo tho valuable
mineral saltfl, which aro soluble
In water and aro lost entirely if
tho water Is discarded.
"What about meat for my flvo-year-old?"
nsks many a mother.
If carefully cooked and 'sorved
without a surplus of fat, beef, Iamb
and million aro good foods for Iho
growing ohild, when served onco a
day and in moderalo quantity. Pork
should bo climlnaled from tho menu
Chicken and fish aro also excellent
Mirianls. Hut (ho morn milk tho
child drinks tho less need thcro will
bo for meat. And under no circum
sliinces should meat bo Included in
tho evehlng meal. KguS can bo
served nnd meat brolhs, loo, pro-
viueii tney nro not given moro than
onco a day.
As lo bread, it is part of wisdom
to emphasize tho wholo wheal and
graham kinds in Iho dlcL csneclallv
when made al homo from unboiled
Hour. And hot breads should bo
avoided, for they form n ban! lump
oi uougii in tho liltlo stomach.
Cereals, of course, constitute ono
o' tho mainstays in nil child feed
ing, and if adults ato moro of Ihcm
it would bo better. Hero, also, tho
value of tho dish Is dependent on
lis proper preparation, thorough
cooKing being or tho highest im
perlanco. In this connection, let mo sav
a few words for tho old-fashioned
oat-meal tho kind that has madu
tlio Scotch the Inllest and sturdiest
people, on earth. When eaten with
cream or rloh milk, it constitutes
nlmosl a perfect diel for tlio child
There seems to be a vlrluo in this
good old dish that is not approached
ny any other cereal.
Ouring tho summer, ready-pre-
pared cereal foods aro excellent, bo
cause tho child is not apt to take
enough of tlio hot kinds. Many
are already steam cooked nnd scien
tifically prepared, ready to be
digested easily by tho little child
siomarh with liltlo or no cooking.
In all a child eals, thorough chew
ing should bo insisted upon. This
is a matter of tho utmost impor
tance, and ono tho mothor will llnd
hard to tenoh.
Tho naluro of Iho child is to cat
fa?l and swallow things whole. Ilo
busl appetilos lead to lliis. The un
educated palalo Is not so particular
about flavors as tho educated ono
wil' bo a few years later. So thoro
will be imporfect mastication unlosi
the child is taught how imporlniil
It is thnt all fowl should bo chewed
over and over again boforo it is
swallowed.
Oon't rorget in lending your child
along the road or proper rood whieh
will land him in tho City or Good
K ill.,,, in,,. .uur i iuuii.
Not ioo wnlor or ioo-cold wator,
bid cool, pure walcr. It is woll to
renter tho habit or drinking a glass
immedinloly on arising and just be
fore going (o bed, nnd to seo thnt
at least ono glass is drunk between
meals, ir tho proper amount or
milk is drunk at moals, thoro will
bo liltlo dosiro ror walcr while eat
ing. Hut ir tho ohild insists on
drinking at moals, do not lot him
have more than ono glnss oi water
and seo that this is swallowed in
small sips and not gulped down.
Seo also that tho child doos not
lake a drink with l.ls mmill, f.,11 ri
trm a ,,,1. n . i , slates of the Union which have the
rood such a practice leads to ,(0!lt tt.,n of ,,c h)chwayil the
swallowing tho rood before It is nv,roKe length of school yenr l ISO
thoroughly mixed with tho saliva dnys. In the fivo stnte thnt hnvo
needed to aid tho prooess of di- given the least nttfntlou to rood .in
gestion. Insist that all food bo provemcnts the school year Is less
swallowed before any water is thn" ,mlf ,hat Um-
Throttling Governor Gives
Steady Speed
Every "Z" Engine is equipped with a sensitive throttling
governor. Regulates the amount of lucl and air admitted to
cylinder maintains uniform speed summer or winter,
regardless of work being done.
Throttling governor enables the "Z" to use kerosene as
well as gasoline saves you money.
Governor is a complete, high grade assembly unit not a
makeshift device. Itscase'-hardeiitdcontact-partsresist wear.
IlasmlglityimportantdutiesiHelpsmaintainuniform cylinder
temperature insures betterlubrication givessmootb, steady
flowol power that saves wear and tear on driven machinery.
Other "Z" features arc: Built-in Bosch high tension oscil
hting magneto; more than rat d power; every part Hiter-cbngeable;clean-cut,cfficientdesign;
long-lived endurance:
Factory Priceis
1i II. P $ 75.00
3 H. V P125.00
II. I , 200.00
FREIGHT EXTRA
WELCH'S DEPT. STORE .
BfREA, KY.
lakrn.
I havo said very lllllo about fata
In this nrllclo, for tho reason that
not mnny nhlldrcn get too much fal.
Hy "not many," I mean lhal only
Iho rich children gel too much
fnt. Rclenco has demonstrated that
children of this ago who gel, too
much butler or orcam or Iho'faU
of meals sulTor Just as much from
malnutrition as Ihoso who do not
fcet enough. Wo havo discovered
Ihat such children actually suffer
fnm li mo starvation, nlthough Ihcy
may gel plenty of llmo In milk.
Hut tho dellcalo digestive apparatus
of the child is upset by tho great
fal Inlako and is not nblo lo proper
ly absorb tho other and much
nreded elements or tho diet. It is
pessibio ror children of (his ago
lo bo overfed ns well as underfed.
All I havo said thus far oonccrn
irm Iho proper food ror Iho kinder
garten age is based on fairly normal
neaitii ami bodies. Tho averaen
well child is not "well" however,
unless his or.her wolghl is In keep
ing wiiii Height; unless sleen Is
sound nnd of at least ten hours'
H-rallon each night: unless nlav Is
attended with enthusiasm and out
door oxorolse welcomed with Joy;
unless fits of temper aro Infrequent
nnd laughter and happiness almosl
corslant.
If your child is subnormal in
nny wny, or ir there exisLs nnv
physical dereel or special weakness,
u is tne part or wisdom to consult
srmo reputable doctor as to Ihn
needed diet, ir tho roods ordinarily
assimilated by the avorago child
stem lo disagree with yours, accept
this ns a warning rrom Naluro (hat
sonothing is not as It should be.
and seek tho best advico within your
reacn. i-or lo givo a child good
health through right rood is bettor
than to loavo it a million dollars
when you dio I
Do not approaoh this mlnlstrv of
feedinir ns n "Inslr" i.ni -id,,,.. n.
a privilege.
For it is tho surest and largest
way you can contribute to the wel
fare and prosperity, not only to your
own child or ohildron, but or tho
ruturo. II Is your first duly (o tho
slate to see (hat your child is phys
ically ill.
Look at you flvo-yeor-old not as
a lovnblo lllllo boing. (o bo Indulged
fi r Hie sako or passing satisfaction,
but ng a piece of building material.
which, within a fow years, will
Im called lo complete tho structure
lof civilization. And think or your-
" ,Mt as mother who enjoys
having put something pleasant into
n little lire so dependent upon bor,
but ns a guardian or yonrs yet un
born, whoso use ami moaning lo nil
mankind shall be based somewhat
upon (he knowledgo and oaro you
now put Into the reeding or this
future oitizen.
BETTER SCHOOL ADVANTAGES
Average of School Year It 180 Days
In Five States Having Oeit
Road Syttems.
'0,, nM",a l,mkH 11 possible to hnvo
,M!tter SCI ndtnntnges. In the five
4