The citizen.
r-.gH to tine Interests of tlie !Mo-ULntLin People
BEREA PUBLISHING CO.
(INCMPMATIOI
MAJtSHAU. t VAUGHN. Uto
Our Threefold Aims Te fie
the Nwi of Btm and Vleiaityt
To Record the Happening of
Berea College; To be of InUroat
to all tha Mounuln People.
WUi B. MINHAIDf
IA Wi ml Krnna. Hi . mm mmmM
wll mmtlm , miuUr At mf Mum, lint.
x'
VoL XJUII.
Mve Centa I'cr Copy
BEREA. MADISON COUNTY. KENTUCKY, DECEMBER 29, 1921 One Dollar and Fifty Centa Per Year
No. 24
Head of Hops and Malt Firm at
Grand Rapids, Mich., Con
victed by Jury
GIVEN 13 MONTHS IN PRISON
Partner la Fined $1,000 Owner of
Other Store to B Prosecuted
Federal Authorities Plan In
vestigation at Chicago.
Grand Itiiplds. Ml li.. Isc '.Ml. - Kl
tln r A. MiiclMinld iiiiil Frank A. Tup
ping, dealer In Imp, mull and 'ii
ping liiiK'ltliM-n uinl tubing, wore fonii.l
guilty hy Jurj In t I'nltcil Stales
I ".strict court of conspiracy to violate
the federal ruli lotion law Mini of
pwKaliifi ami mill- nf articles and
Ingredients mount lir tin- niiiniiraiiiire
of home brew lcr. Tiny were al
legist, also. In I'hvi passed nut recl
cs which pnxliiird rial beer.
Judge Artliur J. Tuttle sentenced
Marl ii .nil lil In thirteen months In the
fnli-ral penitentiary at Leavenworth
ami lined Topping 1..
Wanta Others Prosecuted.
"The government iiiiikI tn t nil sltn
llur concerns In tin- rlty mil of busi
ness anil prowcnle their proprietors
within thirty days." tin' court sidd. "or
I will ask tin- Preslde.it if tin- Uni
ted States In I'liriluii M:n I iiiilil nml
Topping."
Til" proWecU'ltlg attorney Willi lie
Would see tn II Hint t lie owner nf
aurh stores are arrested.
Plan Inquiry at Chicago.
InveHtlg.-itlnu nf Chicago concerns
selling home brew Ingredient will he
begun by federal authorities with a
view In prosecutions similar to the
Grand Rapids case, federal authorities
nlil last night.
Tin- Grand linplds district altnrney
apparently has proceeded iimlrr sec
tln 87 nf the rrlniltial risle, a run
piracy law whlrh ha hi'i-n active fur
many yearn ami under w bleb the great
majority of conspiracy actions are
taken." Col. John V. Clltinln. Itrst ss
alNtant district altnniry. said.
"The penalty under awrtnn 37 la
two year Imprisonment or IO,t" 1"e
It wnulil have to le proved, though,
that home firewr. Illegar In iimntlty nf
alcohol, had heen made from the In
gredients Mild.
"If t hla ronvli'tlnn la ohtalned un
der section H". the precedent estan
Ilahed la a new ami jiowerfiil wen pun
In the hamla of the prohibition author..
Itlea."
Bar Sacramental Wine
New York, Int. 24 Ahollilon of
fermented wines for sacramental pur
poses U under eon. Iileratloii of the
prohibition department. Ualph A. lay
federal prohibition dlrertor for the
State, stated. The department he anld
waa working on the theory that fer
Dlt'lited wine for aaeruuieiilal purpoaea
ma not ntwesary.
"We are plnnnlrik' doing away with
aarniinentHl wine for all fiilthn." Mr
Iay dts-larrd.
IHri'rtor Iay'a iinnouiiii'inent
made after he had Unieil a Niateinen'
revealing plana to reculnte the Willi
drawal of wine hy ruhhiM f.ir relVI"'"'-
It la expeeteil that eonfereinfa will
he held with t'alhollc ami KpNi-opnl
rlergytnen who would lie affected h
the ronteuiplali'd reguliitln.
The proMiMd plnn. whhli h re
reived the tentative approval of t'oni
nilasl'Hier Hoy A. I la) lies, eontem
platea the aiihatltutloii of aie'liilly
prepaiNl fruit Juliea for feriiieuliH)
wine.
BANDIT, ONCE TO HANG, FREE
Cddl Estelle, 69, in Prison 20 Years,
Get Christmas Parol From
Lansing.
Leavenworth. Kaa.. Dec. 2n Ed
die Estelle. Ml, convicted audit, who
has spent more than twenty year of
Ma life In prisons, has lieen releiied
from the state penitentiary at l.analng
on Christmas parole. It was lenmed
here. He was arrested In llss at
Tnprka Kna.. I" a charge of breaking
Into a nore In Marshall rounty. Held
In Jail six month awnltlng trial, he
escaped, but was apprehended' after
J. E. IM-erlK. member of a posae
pursuing Fwlelle had been killed In a
gun flirhl at Inmlap. Eiell was oen
tenced to serve a year and then he
banged. The capital punishment nnler
never waa signed and F.atell ataged
sensational escape. Kstelle was cap
tured In Illinois.
j BLAST HURTS GEORGE WHITE
Former Democratic National Chairman
l Injured In Explosion In
j Ohio.
I Marietta, O.. Iec. 21 Former Con
Lrtraaiuan Ceorge White, former chair
mao of the Peniorrtalc oatlonal com
nilttee. waa painfully burned In an ex-,
jpltwloo of gas at ao oil well at Noble
jemunty. but hi lojurtoa are not oart-1
TAX VALUES IN EASTERN
KENTUCKY
A irreat deal of spare has been
Riven by the press of Kentucky to
a (lisrunsinn of the tax question and
revenue lawa of the State, and rape
rially to the discussion of the tax
shortage In Eastern Kenturky. The
Hazard leader of December 22nd
published quite a lengthy artirle on
the rent facts relntive to tax values
in Eastern Kenturky. The article Is
ton lone; for The Cit'zen to reprint,
hut it is well worth-while tn mention
a few important facts contained in
the discussion.
The Hazard Weekly states that it
is true that the fnuntiea alone; the
North Fork of the Kentucky river in
the mountains were, and probably
some'of them are now, in what is
t railed the "pauper list." but they
were fnr removed from transports-'
! t:on facilities, and as everyone knows j
'who is familiar with the section, that,
j it is not adapted to nericu'ttire and
therefore whatever value of an im-i
j portnnce that these lands had wns ,
; because of the timber that irrew on
the surface and the coal deposits j
I found unilern-ath. This was before
(the L. tt N. Railroad extended a line!
j up the North Fork thru the counties
of Ferry and IUhcr. The mineral
products prior to this were of prsc. j
t'cally no value because of the ire,-1
i cessibility of markets, but the rail-1
roads opened up the timber and coal
(and from 1910 o 1??0 !md values of,
j Perry county increased 520 percert -'
far greater th.in courtiea in the blue ;
i grass and other sections of the Stnte. 1
I In addition tn the land values, there
j was much coat operation equiprrcnt
which was taxed, but in the repirts
I a'l of this equipmert was lUted
' in another column and the land
import y of the county got no credit
for this. In other words, a mine in j
..ration hnd its improvements list-1
. . ... !
ed as mine equipment, and thai
. l.l- .. i:. l i - 7 '
i.iaitiiii- r'eriv wnn nniu in ll Hn e
et tirely different from the land, bu.
n fact they both belong to the aroe
people. Aside from the equipmert
the increase was C20 percent, and if
you had the eauinment. it would be
ritlfh lArfriiv till
There are many mistakes in the
records that militate against the
showing of Eastern Kentucky. For
example, the Tax Commissioner
states that Ferry rounty contains
.mfl.094 acres, while the actual fact is
that Terry county contains only 214,
400 acres. The county is reported as
paying taxes of an average of $16.44
per acre on .Wi,095 arrea. while In
reality the total amourt that is paid
on the land values of the county
equals $24 00 per acr. The differ
ence between the actual number of
acres and the reported number of
acres romes about by what is known
as "wildcat lands" lands that have
been bartered with by schemer and
crooks and have been sold from time
to time without clear title. Many of
the boundary lands have been desig
nated by poplar trees and oak trees
that have been blazed in certain hoi
Iowa, and as time goes by and trees
are rut, the lines are erased and spec
ulators sell large boundaries of land
that overlap other possessions, and
thia overlapping process in the past
in the county of Perry aggregates
90,000 acre. Practically every county
in the mountains can show similar
conditions. N
The Hazard Leader denies the fact
that Perry county I still in the
pauper list, and it offer reasonable
statements tn substantiate its claim.
When Perry rounty la credited with
the I.. & N. Railroad taxea which are
proportioned to it, and taxea on the
various corporations doing business
w thin the courty, it will not be In
the pauper list.
It I well worth-while for a Com
mission to make a careful investiga
tion of the tax situation in Kenturky.
We all agree that something should
be done, but none of us wish to have
any particular group of counties be
come the "goat" in the State-w'de
publicity of the situation. If any
mountain county i failing to come
up with Its proportionate part of tha
State taxea, then readjustment of
its taxes should be made but Tha
Citizen believe with tho Hazard
Leader that the malorlty of the coun
t'ea of Eastern Kenturky are not bo
Ing given a correct statu. Those
of ua who are acquainted with prac
tically every county in Eastern Ken
tucky know that much of the land I
ao poor for agricultural purposes ai
to make it hard for tho owner to
meet tho present tax aaseasment.
Wo peraonally know of men In the'
mountains who have been compelled '
to rive mortgages on their farms ; ation will be made and that remedies
pay the Uxea. Let us hope that ajwiU b f0rthcominf .
f :1 ja!w
SK.a.A.?i
.-il M II ' kt tijUMHl4
-Turkish hrt lKe lieliig hl.iwii up hy enKiots-rs of the Greek army at Sin;hnrio. 2 -Tin- Imttli-xhip Mulsu
which the arms coiif.reiice penults Japan to retnln umler tlie naval reduction aureement. .t Mrs Jerome Na
poleon llnnniuirte of New York, who will become a queen If her husband accepts tlie tentative p.er of tlie throne
of AMxiii'ii
REDS TO FORM PARTY
Unification of Revolutionary Ele
ments Plan of Meet.
Radical Societies Send Delegate to
Seseion Called to Unit Under
One Banner.
New Y"ork. lav. It!. 1'iilllcntlou of
all revoliitluiiiiry elements In the rank
of Alni rlili s workers was rulitelliplut
ed hy radical ih-lcpites pillicic.l here
for a convention called for the un-
tiouuced purpose of ortliiiiUiiig "the
Workers- I'nrty of Ain.rlca." It was
ril-olhc,lly declared these elements
iiiitht he dellneil us "those accepting
. . . ...... i.
t l.u l.U.I-.ful. I . liu tlllr.l .alllllllltl lUt
...-
iiitcriintloiiale in the slrunule to estub
HhIi an American workers' republic."
It was t-x'cu-d thut representatives
of the following organizations would
be present during the convention,
which will close Monday:
The American Lahor alliance. Work
ers' Council of the Lulled Slates, Jew.
Ish Socialist federation. liermaD
Workers' Kducatloual society, Finnish
Socialist federatlou. Jewish Worker'
federation, Scandinavian Socialist fed
eration, Greek Socialist union. Irish
American Lahor league, Hungarian
Workers' tederutlou and Italian. Work
ers' tederatUm.
Invitations to appoint the delegate
to the convention were aelit to the
CrolelHrlan party, having headquar-
ters at letrolt; lloheiiiian-Soclullst
federation. Chicago, left wing ele-
mriits of the Italian Socialist federa
tion, the Sis-lullHt Labor party aud the
Jugo-Slav Socialist federatlou.
HARDING FREES 24 CONVICTS
Deba and Twenty three Other
leaaed From Atlanta Penl.
tentiary.
R-
Washlngttin, Inv. I'll. Prison sen
tences for --t ihtsoiis convicted ou
various (barges of hindering the gov
ernment during the war with Ger
many. Including F.tigene V. Ivha. the
lorincr socialist candidate for presi
dent, serv ing a leu year sentence at
Atlanta penitentiary for violating the
espionage act, will terminate today
under commutations received from
I'resldeiit Harding, to become effective
Christmas day. Al the same time full
pardons by the executive wUI become
effective for five former American aol
dlers ervlce life sentences for con
viction by a nillilury court of the mur
der of a Ilrltlsh otllcer while serving
with the American irmy on (he ltlilue.
Action of the President In granting
the t'oiuinunlcatlntis ami pardons was
announced ufter lengthy discussion nf
Ihe situation with Attorney (Jeneral
Puugherty. who had ordered the Ie
partinent of Justice to make a separ
ate study of the case of li)7 persons
serving srntcurcs for violating war
time laws.
The commutations. :t was explained,
do not overnte to restore citizenship
loat by the felony convictions, but the
pardons do.
ANNE STILLMAN SHUNS KIN
Banker's Daughter Back from Pari
School, Passes Vacation With
Neither Parent.
New York. !. 20. Mlsa Ann
Stlllman, who arrived on the Adriatic
for a ahort vacation from the private
hiMil she la attending In Paris, said
she would not pas Christmas with
either her father. James A. Stlllmnn.
or her mother, who are Involved In
divorce pnseeillngs. "I shall be with
friends." she said.
.ful n,..ti .,, , ,v. ... .,.
V.
ri
NEWS REVIEW OF
CURRENT EVENTS
Arms Conference Seeks Agree
ment on Submarines and
Light Cruisers.
FRENCH DEMANDS THE CRUX
Brltiah Want U Boat Abolished In
Warfare Allied Supreme Council
to Call for Commission en Re
habilitation of Central Europe
Henry Watt arson Die.
By EDWARD W. PICKARD
SFBUARIXKS. light cruisers and
torpedo boats occupied moat of
the attention of the conference dele
gatet lad naval experts In Washing
ton liurHiig much of the week. The way
the eontroversy. If so It may be delg
nnted, develojied. Is Interesting. First
France asked that she be allowed tn
have about S.rs),0ii tons nf capital
ships, which would give her a ratio
of 3 .V She said she wsnted to build
from Ave to ten bsttleshlns, though
not at once, and supported her claim
by showing how her navy had been
neglected during the war. The other
delegates could not stand fnr this,
and Secretary nf State Hughes com
mnnlcsted directly with Premier Brl
and. who was In London. In his
cablegram Mr. Hughes said :
"I feel that the suggestion that hs
been matte that France should build
ten capital ships In replacement with
"ni. 3n0Oun on m""' "
gests a program of such magnitude a
to raise the greatest difficulties. In
fsct, I regret to ssy that after can
vassing the matter thoroughly and
taking the best Information I ran ob
tain. I am compelled to conclude that
tt would tint be possible on this basis
to csrry through the agreement."
Itrland at once sent Instructions to
the delegation which permitted It to
recede from the demand concerning
cspltat hlp and agree to the ratio of
1.7ft fixed hy the conference, so far as
vessels of that class are concerned.
But, for purposes of national defense,
the French asked special considera
tion In the matter nf submarines and
light cruiser. Of the former they
wished to be allowed 7.1.0(10 tons, and
of the latter SOO.OiNI tons. This, In the
aggregate, would give France an aux
iliary naval rating of about S.V
Brland said France felt she must pro
tect her three roasts, on the Atlantic,
the North sea and the Mediterranean,
and should have plenty nf light cruis
ers because ttermany Is permitted to
build ships of that type. He also In
timated that Russia might build vea- l
els eo the Baltic which Oermany f the rallrond, and Mr. Hanlhara said
could use against France. He vigor- t was over question concerning pay
ously disclaimed any Idea that there nient for the road and the employment
cotild be hostilities between Franco of Japanese experts. The Japanese
and Oreat Britain. also say the monv with whlrh China
Dreat Britain atlll Instated on the I to pay for the road must he ob
. totsl abolition of the submarine In tallied from Japanese capitalist,
warfare, and Mr. Halfour asked that i
i -. . . . . . i
j a plenary session or ine conference ne
' called ao that he and hi fellow dele-
gates could make their plea fnr this
In public. But the British stood alone
In this contention and It wa predict
ed the conference would refuse to out
law the undersell bouts, nowever. the
Americana showed a disposition to
compromise hy aci-cptlng a reduction
of the submarine tonnage allowed
oreat Britain and the United State.
TMe. a It stands. Is 90.000 tons. The
British asked that at least It be rut
to 4A000 tons. The Americana Indi
cated they might be satisfied with a
TftOUO-ton maximum. If thl last fig
ure Is (rreed upon It niay operate to
reduce France's allowance, since that
I the tonnage she la asking.
D'tKSIDKNT HAItDINfl.
lug to tlie eor.mJtn
while tals
taXuesvlT, I
a
aeems'to hnve made (TSTTiibf slip WhicIT
caused a lot of excitement and sup
plied some ammunition to Borah,
IJeed and other opponenta of the four
power Pacific trepty, who assumed
there was a division between the
President and the delegates In con
struing the agreement. Mr. Harding
In his Interview expressed the opinion
that the homeland nf Japan did not
come within the words "Insular pos
sesions and insulnr dominions" un
der tlie pact, except as territory prop
er of any other nation which is a
party to the agreement. Senator
Lodge and I'nderwood hurried to the
White House and evidently Informed
the President that the American dele
gation hnd Intended that the treaty
should apply to the Japanese main
Islands and that the purpose was to
insure the application of Its guaran
tees to the Hawaiian Islands which
are considered a territory, not an In
sular possession, of the United States.
Whereupon a aluteuient Issued from
the White House which s'ald in part:
"The President announced tonight
that the difference In view In nowise
will be permitted to embarrass the con
ference or the ratification of tlie agree
ment. He had assumed all along that
the spirit of the conference content
platea a confidence whlrh pledges re
spect of territory In every way which
tends to promote lasting peace.
"He ha learned from the United
States delegates to the conference that
they have agreed to tlie construction
which Includes the homeland of Japan
In the tenu 'Insular possessions and
Insular dominions.' and has no objec
tion to that construction."
The administration considered that
this closed the Incident, but among
certain senator the effect of the con
tretenip was the preparation of sev
eral reservations to the ratification.
Borah proposed one providing that "no
action of the high contracting parties,
acting under Article 2, shall com
mit any nation, either legally or mor
ally, to use force In meeting an exi
gency." Senator McNary of Oregon,
who does not say he will oppose the
treaty, wants a reservation providing
that nothing contained In the pact
shall be construed as applying to the
Japanese mainland, which probably
would result In the exclusion of
Hawaii. Senator Reed took advan
tage of the misunderstanding to at
tack bitterly the treaty, whlrh he
charged wa drafted with the Idea of
"deceiving the people of the United
States," and declared the Job waa so
successfully done "that even the Pres
ident wa deceived."
NOT unttl after the holidays, prob
ably, will the Shantung question
be settled. The Japanese and Chinese
delegates reached an Impasse In their
negotiations and the whole matter was
referred to Tokyo for further Instruc
tion. Pr. Alfred Sze said the dead
lock wa over the demand of the Jap.
an(.ae to retain the traffic management
A WEEK sgo It looked as If Oreat
Britain and France were about
to reach a complete agreement on
German reparations. Both Lloyd
George and Bristol, as well as their
expert advisers, were of the belief
that Germany could and must pay
the sum due. Then It sppesred they
rottld not agree upon the method nf
payment, and the whole matter wa
referred to tha allied aupreme coun
cil, which will meet at Cannes France,
during the first week of January.
Italy had atepped In, meantime, with
a strong protest s ,'a 'list the discus
sion of vital topb-s In which she Is
concerned, without an Itsllsn renre
sentatlve being nrent Trie enflr"
Siihlect of the flo-wes of rifn t
Involved l f'i w-rHmn -
sjd t"1
(Continued on Page Two)
World News
J. R. Kobertaon, Profeaaor of
History and Political Scieneo
Berea College
The Washington Conference is
working hard at its task and took a
recess only for Christmas day. Tho
subject of interest shift from time
to time and in recent days it haa
centered on submarines. The original
plan of Secretary Hughes propor
tioned the number of these undersea
craft by the ratio method, but there
has been disagreement ever since.
England would be best pleased if the
submarine was ruled out entire!.
France and Japan both wish a larger
proportion than was alloted to them.
The LVtod States favors the use of
the submarine as suitable for a defen
sive purpose at moderate cost There,
is reason to believe that an adjust
ment will be reached after each na
tion haa had it chance to present
its own interests
The South American state of Co
lombia has just ratified the treaty by
which the U. S. agrees to pay $21,-
000,000 as an indemnity for injuries
suffered by the secession and inde
pendence of Panama. The treaty waa
ratified by the U. S. Senate in Aprl,
after the removal of a clause which
expressed regret at the occurrence
It was ratified in the same form by
the Upper House of the Colombian
government. The const'tution of that
I country, however, requires ratifica
tion by the Lower House a"d here
the discussion has been prolonged, ap
parently centering around the ex
pression of regret which was strick
en from the treaty by the U. S. Sen
ate. The paymert ia to be made in
five annual installments of five mil
lions each.
A movement has been started to
purchase the home of Count Tolstoi,
in Russia, and preserve it as a me
morial of the great writer and friend
of humanity. The buildings are al
ready showing signs of decay and
unless something is done will soon be
beyond recovery. It ia announced
that the Soviet regime in Russ'a ap
proves this move and promises to
ensure the funds contributed from
seizure for other purposes. Tolstoi
was tha greatest Russian of his time
and was always a privileged char-,
acter. He waa better known outside
of Russia than any other of his coun
trymen, and hence the people of all
countries are asked by his daughter
to aid in thia memorial.
The report from Egypt indicatea
the growth of a strong national feel
ing which threatens British domina
tion in that country. The English
do not seem to have the sunpnrt of
any party of the native, and that Is
a threatening circumstance. The
benefit that have come to Egynt un
der English control are manv and are
well recognized, but the principle of
self-government has been growing.
Fn eland's Interest in Egypt i very
vital to her on account of the Suet
Canal which controls the passage to
India. The government has recently
sent reinforcements to the armed
force and professes to be able to
handle any situation that may arise.
The treaty between Fneland. Ja
pan, France, and the United Sta'es
bids fair to g!ve rise to more oppo
sition in the Senate than was at first
i expected. The discord has arisen..
largely from an interpretation to the
clause which guarantee to Japan the
integrity of her Insular possession.
It wa generally supposed that this
did not apply tn the home land, alt ho
this ia an island. Pres'dent Harding;
so interpreted It. but Secretory
Hughes and the British representa
tives declare that it was inte-d' d to
'nrlude the home is'and of Japan.
Party tactics are likely to be vied
in taking advantage of the disagree,
ment between the President a-d his
Secretary of State and popular op
pos'tion to Mr. Hughes' interpreta
tion is . possible. England will sup
port it so that such lartre islands as
Australia may be Included, and the
United States might do so for the
sake of the Philippines.
President Ebert of Germany has
been taking much pain to make It
clear that Germany, as st present
reorganized, favors the purposes and
achievements of ths Wssh'ngton eon
ferenre, and looks forward to a par
ticipation in such meet'ng st a later
time. Altho the militarist spirit
and interests are by no means dead
in Germany, there are evidences of
(Cowtiased rage Eight)