The Libby herald. [volume], November 09, 1911, Image 2

About The Libby herald. [volume] (Libby, Mont.) 1911-1913

Image provided by: Montana Historical Society; Helena, MT

                
QV~KRTStfBfnlZLUEL'1T
~Lh~L I3PrP4~
7 1 j
Mr. Orio Tamura is now twenty
rears, having put off all thoughts of
matrimony until this late day in or
der to finish his studies at college.
He has signified to his father and to
the matchmaker, or go-between, that
he now desires that a young wife be
brought to his own-which is his
father's-home. The matchmaker, af
ter considering the official and social
position of all the persons and fami
lies interested, has suggested that
Miss Sugihara Inouye would be a
most desirable bride for Mr. Tamura.
The marriage is arranged by the
go-between and his wife at the in
stance of the young people's parents.
Love has no part in the arrange
ments and the young people seldom
see each other until they meet and
exchange glances, but not words, at
some place designated by the go
between in the presence of the go
between and the father of the pros
pective bride. Unlucky days for the
wedding have been carefully elim
inated, and the bride with the help
of her mother and maids prepares
herself for the ceremony. She smooths
her face with rice bran and whitens
it with powder. She paints her lips
red and takes the utmost pains in
dressing her hair. Her wedding dress
is of pure white silk.
Weddings in Japan are generally
celebrated in the evening, and always
at the home of the bridegroom's
parents. As she leaves her home she
is carried past a little fire which has
been kindled at the entrance. In
this are burned her dolls and play
rr
ý ^ I
-~-r
-V..
CI- - ·-_ -=. -~t
ý 1ý -·r
OLDEST LIVING CITY.
The oldest living city in the world
is undoubtedly Damascus. Nineveh,
Babylon, Tyre, Sidon, have gone their
way; but Damascus remains, and that,
too, what i, was before the days of
Abraham, a center of trade and travel.
Aside from any historical interest,
Damascus is interesting purely as a
commercial center. From it came the
damson, or blue plums, and the apri
cot of Portugal, called damasco; dam
ask, our fabric of cotton and silk,
with designs of vines and flowers
raised upon a smooth, bright ground;
the damask rose, introduced into Eng
land during the time of Henry VIN.;
the Damascus blade, famous for its
keen edge and its remarkable elastic
ity, t.e secret of whose manufacture
was, it is said, lost when Tamerlane
carried the artist into Persia; and the
art of inlaying wood and steel with
gold and silver.
WORLD'S OLDEST WINES.
Some of the wine cellars in Paris
contain bottles of Sauterne at least
two centuries old. This is a very re
spectable age, but it is nothing com
pared with a certain Ribeauvilliers of
1652, or a Steinwein of 1540, or a Jew
ish Passover wine of five centuries
and a half. Still, in the museum at
Rheims there is a far older wine, or
rather a bottle containing something
which was once wine. It is said to
date four centuries before our era.
This, tradition says, was found in a
tomb of the Gallo-Roman period. Ber
thelot, the celebrated chemist, has left
on record that he once analyzed a bot
tle of wine made in the neighborhood
things to Indicate that she is piassinl
from girlhood to womanhood Fol
lowing the bride in procession to thi
bridegroom's house are her parents
her own and the bridegroom's friends
and servants bearing presents for the
bridegroom's family.
Just before Miss Inouye becomel
Mrs. Tamura she drinks tea with hel
mother and her friend, the wife o1
the go-between. For want of an exaci
term we have to call the wife 01
the go-between a bridesmaid, for i
Japanese bride has no bridesmaids is
the occidental sense. Young Sugi
hara now receives some final good
advice on her conduct in her new
home. Perhaps they quote these
counsels from the Japanese Greater
Learning for Women: "The great life
long duty of a woman is obedience.
In her dealings with her husband both
the expression of her countenance
and the style of her address should
be courteous, humble and concilla
tory, never peevish and intractable,
never rude and arrogant."
The "tokonoma," the elevated place
of honor and sanctity, is decorated
for a wedding with articles such as
n.'e, plum tree, and gamboo, symbol.
izing long life, peace and uprightness;
rice, offered to the gods; sake, or
rice wine, and two small sake Jugs
from which the "butterflies" pour the
drink for the bride and bridegroom.
In this family sanctuary are the
bridegroom and bride, their parents,
the go-between and his wife and the
two "butterflies." The bride has
taken her place near the bridegroom,
her veil concealing her face until the
ceremony is ended. The go-between,
or middleman, is making formal an
nouncement of the marriage, while
music and singing are heard without
Now the "butterflies"-two little
girls or a boy and a girl-present the
two-spouted cup of sake to the mouths
of the bride and the groom alternate.
ly,. This drinking from one cup sig
nifles their unity in joy and sorrow
henceforth. After the third cup the
ceremony is ended, and Orio and
Sugihura are now Mr. and Mrs. Ta.
mura.
of Rome about Nero's time. In this
case the analyst had only a dry resid
uum to work upon.
MR. SMITH'S COMPEERS.
In France the name employed to
designate one of a very large number
of men, as Smith is sometimes figura
tively used by English people, is Du
rand, the commonest name in the
French directories.
In Berlin and other cities of north
Germany "Herr Meyer" is the equiva
lent of "Mr. Smith." In other parts
of Germany the name of Schulz, or
Schulze, is the most common. Ger.
man police authorities, who keep a
sharp eye on everybody, have much
trouble to distinguish all the Shulzes
who have the same given name.
One Schulze, who received a publie
office in Berlin, was inscribed on the
police rolls as "Hermann Schulze LV."
On the same roll there were a Leh.
mann XIX. and a Neumann XIV.
ANTIQUITY OF TOBACCO.
The idea that tobacco has only
been known in Europe.since the dise
covery of America is incorrect. In
fact the Medes and Persians a long
time before our era smoked narghiles,
as ancient sculptures prove. A philol.
ogist has suggested that the Greeks
and Romans smoked tobacco at least
in their colonies. In the Malay archi
pelago the use of cigars and cigarettes
is said to date much further back than
the discovery of America. The word
"cigar" seems to show that man's sol.
ace and comforter did not originate in,
the West Indies, but is most likely de
rived from "sakara," an Arab word
meaning smoke
PAMOUS OLD.-'IM: PROPHETItSI
Just outside the town of Kaares.
borough, Yorkshire, Eng., ''esided Mo
th6r Shipton, in a cave, still called
after her. According to tradition the
prophetess and witch was born in
1488, and was baptized Ursula by the
Abbott of Beverley, although it was
stated that the Evil One was her ifa
ther. She must have been an ugly
'child, for one account says "her
stature was much larger than com.
mon, her body crooked, and her face
frightful." Still, she managqd to get
married, at the age of twenty-four,
to one Toby Shipton, and for nearly
fifty years more her prophecies were
legion. It is understood that the first
one of note which came true related
to the downfall of Cardinal Wolsey,
and that she followed this up with
certain remarks relating to the dis
solution of the monastries. But what
fI chiefly interesting today are her
supposed views on modern times; and
in this connection it is said that she
foresaw bicycles ana railway trains,
and had also an inkling or rotor
cars and ironclads.
THE FATHER OF INTERVIEWERS.
Boswell was the father of inter
viewers. When he planted himself
squarely before his eminent friend
and inquired, "If, sir, you were shut
up in a castle, asnd a new-born child
with you, what would you do?" there
you have the system inaugurated. In
the fullness of time we have arrived
at the reporter behind the note-book,
and the lier-in-wait behind the kodak.
There is this much to be said of the
parent, which cannot always be said
of his descendants-that he was
steadfastly resolved to make his sub
ject pose well. If the foretops of Dr.
Johnson's wigs were all burned away
in reading, the biographer feels
bound to mention the fact; but he
speaks disparagingly only of the can
dle. He would not have hesitated, I
feel sure, to inquire of Socrates con
cerning his domestic infelicities, or
of Henry VIII concerning his religious
belief; but in his report of the mat,
ters Socrates would preserve his dig
nity, the king his piety.-Holbrook
White, in the Atlantic.
WIDOW MADE EXECUTIONER.
Civilization has not yet taught the
Afghans to abolish their barbarous
ways of meting out justice. Recently
a widow was allowed by the Amir, the
native governor, to take a dramatic
vengeance on her husband's murder
er. The woman's husband had been
murdered by another Afghan who was
under the impression that his victim
had some money in his possession.
It appeared, however, that the mur.
dered man was penniless and what
the murderer thought was money
turned out to be the remains of some
food tied around the dead man's
waist. The murderer was captured
and the Amir ordered him to be hand.
ed over to the widow, who was told
that she could do what she liked with
him. The widow decided to take the
man's life, and while two male
friends, kept a firm hold of the victim
the woman slowly cut the man's
throat with a penknife.
REMEDY FOR EAST COAST FEVER.
The statement that a remedy has
been discovered for east coast fever
will, if correct, prove a great boon
to the farmers and natives of South
Africa, many of whom have been
ruined by the ravages of this terrible
scourge. At one time previous to
1896 stock-farming was perhaps the
most remunerative form of agricul
ture in South Africa, but in that year
the herds of the farmers were deci
mated by rinderpest. No sooner had
this pest subsided than it was fol
lowed by east coast fever. But, now
comes the news that Joseph Barnes,
C. M. G., one of South Africa's most
progressive agriculturists, succeeded
this year in saving all his herds by
building dipping tanks on his prop
erty, in which the cattle were im
mersed for a short period, thus ren
dering them immune.
COWBOY HATS 2,000 YEARS AGO.
That there is nothing new under
the sun is becoming more and more
axiomatic. It is suggested that the
Egyptians under Pharaoh knew of
radium, that the Assyrians and Chal
deans were acquainted with electric
ity and that aviation was not un
known to the ancients. Now we learn
that frescoes and bas-reliefs in Crete
show that in the depths of past ages
huntresses wore leather boots, with
big hats like those used by American
cowboys, and that an archaeologist
has come to the conclusion that the
fashionable Cretan ladies 2,000 years
before the Christian era appeared in
public with boots with heels. the
straight mantle and jupe culotte, in
fact, just like a lady from one of the
celebrated Parisian dressmaking es
tablishments.
COMPOSITION OF THE AUSTRIAN
PARLIAMENT.
According to Information supplied
by the deputies themselves, the new
Austrian parliament is composed of
120 landed proprietors, 50 advocates,
and the same number of authors and
journalisth, 41 public officials, 40 pro
fessors, 26 persons at private employ
ment, 22 business men, 21 Judges, 14
manufacturers, 11 burgomasters, ten
teachers, nine doctors, nine diet
members and nine former cabinet
ministers and privy councillors, eight
engineers, seven merchants, five polit
leal offcials, three private persons,
two clergymen and an active cabinet
minister, an artist, a town councillor,
ma osicer and a workingman.
HOLD THEATER LOTTERY
CHICAGO $HOW HOUSE BROUGHT'
$600,000 IN 1867.
Builder of Crosby's Opera House Went
Broke on Enterprise and Decided
to Dispose of Place by
Lottery.
Doubtless in the rummage of a good
many homes in this country might
still be found elaborate and ornate
certificates of chance In the great lot
tery of Crosby's opera house, Chicago,
the drawlpgs for which took place
January 2f, 1867. Nearly one hundred
thousand of those chances were sold
at $6 peqr chance, the builder of the
opera house retaining more than twen
ty-flve thousand himself after the sale
had closed.
This beautiful theater, famous in
its day, was erected by Uranus H.
Crosby, a prosperous wholesale liquor
merchant, who went to Chicago from
Massachusetts. He planned so mag
nificently that when he had his build.
Ing finished and furnished he had put
into it not only all his business money,
but most of his private fortune as
well, the institution standing him
about $600,000. It was too early for
a "temple of art" in Chicago, and the
builder went broke. Then it was that
the plan to sell the house by lottery
was formed and carried out. The
prospectus described the building and
its furnishings, the latter including a
number of very costly paintings. For
months the sale went on. The pur
chasers covered the whole country.
The hopes of the winners ran high,
not only because of the capital prize,
the opera house itself, but because of
the lesser prizes, especially the paint
ings.
The drawing was directed by a
board of men representing a half dozen
cities. For two days before it took
place train loads of ticket holders
rolled into Chicago. On the Sunday
preceding the Monday of the drawing
the streets were crowded. Improvised
sleeping accommodations had to be
provided for the vast throng. Every
hall, as well as every hotel and board
ing house, was filled to its capacity.
The grand prize was not reached un
til the one hundred and thirteenth
drawing, and it went to a man who
was in Chicago, one of the few who
had forgotten all about his investment
and knew nothing, at the time, of the
drawing-A. H. Lee of Prairie du
Rocher, Ill. Several of the paintings,
including Bierstadt's "The Yosemite
Valley," were drawn by Mr. Crosby.
Four days after the drawing Mr.
Lee went to Chicago, but, in recogni
tion of Mr. Crosby's high purposes I
and the sacrifices they had cost him,
offered to sell him the theater for
$200,000, which price was paid to him
by Mr. Crosby out of the proceeds of
the lottery. This restoration of for
tune did not last long. The opera I
house was destroyed in the great fire I
of 187L
Browning a Great Talker.
If Lord Houghton talked more than
most people he certainly was eclipsed
by Mr. Browning, who spoke louder
and with greater persistency than
anyone I have ever come across in
my life. Although I had known him
as a girl, we did not renew our ac
quaintance until after my marriage,
when I saw a great deal of him, as he
constantly came to our house. He
dined with us often, and used to
come and see me generally every
Sunday afternoon. He was very agree
able and kind, and, although I was
never one of his devoted followers
and often told him I had never been
able to read a line of his poetry, he
still continued his friendship with
me. I think most people feared rath
er than loved him-certainly men
did; but women adore poets, and
they worshiped Mr. Browning.-From
Lady St. Heller's "Memories."
Memorial to Famous Wemen.
The chapel of the new Liverpool
cathedral, which is to be open next
summer, has a scheme of beautiful
stained glass windows commemora.
tive of the deeds of good women. Be
sides the women of the Bible the fol.
lowing are commemorated: Dr. Alicia
.Marvel and all who have laid down
their lives for their sisters, Grace Dar.
ling and all courageous maidens, Jo
sephine Butler and all brave cham
pions of purity, Mary Collet and all
prayerful women, Louise Stewart and
'all the army of martyrs, Christine Ros.
setti and all sweet singers, Catherine
Gladstone and all loyal-hearted wives,
0Ulizabeth Barrett Browning and all
women who have seen the infinite in
things, Angela Burdette-Coutts and all
women almoners of the king of
heaven, Mother Cecile and all women
loving and large hearted in counsel.
Possibly Sarcastic.
Three men sat in a row in a car,
facing a middle-aged, clean-shaven
man of ruddy complexion, who had an
elongated leather case on his knees.
Said the first man: "I bet I can tell
that man's business. He's a doctor.'
"Wrong," commented the second.
It's a carpet-layer."
"Nix on the carpet layer," said the
third. "It's a piano tuner."
The middle-aged man across the
aisle put down his leather case and
leaned forward. "I couldn't help over.
hearing you gentlemen," he said, "and
I want to correct you. My name is
George Harvey. I am a veterinary
surgeon and if I can be of any service
to you call on me."
They are still wondering what he
realy meant by his offer of servioe
K' -
G.10
CU/Da r ý\s7 DY TdfFO(//01f/f ý / y '%y I
have been employed to guide
seamen in making harbors
when they were hidden by
darkness or fog ever since man
Irst discovered that he could travel
an water in a boat. In the long ago
great fires were kept up during the
night and if the night was fog-bound
so that the fires could not be seen
men having heavy, coarse and pene
trating voices would stand at the wa
ter's edge and one after the other they
would lift their voices to the highest
pitch in the "Lfi-f-hi-li-ho!" Mariners
hearing, the voices would know in
what direction to steer their craft. In
those days, however, fires were kept
burning or voices sent out over the
water when a boat was expected,
which was not often. Later, the watch
tower was added to the fire and the
voice signals.
The United States is generally re
garded as leading the world in the
protection which she affords to her
own mariners and to those coming to
her shores from other countries. Like
many other of our institutions, the de
velopment of this service, though com
paratively recent, has been both rapid
and thorough, and in some respects
marvelous. Other countries, however,
have also made notable strides along
the same line with the result that the
old dangers of travel upon the seas
of the world have been greatly re
duced.
More than 200 years after the dis
covery of America only one lighthouse
had been built In this country, though
the value of such an aid to navigation
had been known since the days of the
ancients. Since they began to multi
ply, many almost unsurmountable ob
stacles have been overcome in estab
lishing some of the most important
lights and not a little heroism has
been chronicled In the work of con
struction as well as in the subsequent
daily tasks of the keepers. Some most
notable feats of engineering skill have
also been chronicled.
The greatest heroism and skill has,
of course, been exhibited in the erec
tion of those lights which stand upon
the reefs or on huge boulders. Pas
sengers on passing ships watch the
waves and heavy seas dash over these
rocks on which now stand staunch
lighthouses, and marvel how they
were ever built. The history of such
houses usually includes the loss by
drowning of several of the builders
not to speak of exposure and unusual
hardships on the part of all. Nor
have all the obstacles been upon the
ocean coasts. On one of the five great
lakes-Lake Huron-there stands a
lighthouse on Spectacle reef' which
for nearly forty years has been with
standing not only the storms and
heavy seas but also the pressure of
great packs of ice.
Other lighthouses built under much
less difficulty, however, are of the
greatest importance. Buildings of
much less size built not upon rocks
but perhaps upon artificial cribs a
mile or so from shore are to be found
at many points, especially on the
great lakes, and their lights illumine
the paths of the immense steel ships
which carry the ore from Lake Su
perior to the ports on Lake Erie. Some
of those now building on these waters
are said to be a forerunner of m.ny
others of like construction which the
government will build within a few
years. They are constructed of steel
and concrete along the lines of a mod
ern office building. One of these mod'
era buildings has just been completed
and is known to mariners as the White
Shoals lighthouse. Steel instead of
stone and brick means as much to
modern lighthouse building as it does
in so many other industrial lines.
The cost of lighthouses ranges from
$1.000 to $800,000 and there have been
a few which have cost more than don
ble the latter amount, this depending
largely upon the construction required
and especially on whether or not they
are located on a reef or rock where
the hazards involved in the work are
unusually great. Such buildings in a
5,000-mile coast line are, of course.
comparatively few.
The lighthouse territory of the
United States is divided into districts,
each district in charge of an inspector
under the navy department and an en
gineer under the army department of
the government. Unlike the life sav
ing service, the figures for the amount
of life and property it saves each year
cannot be readily computed, but could
the story be written it would fill vol
umes.
On the gtsfat lakes, three districts
are represented in the service of these
bodies of water-the ninth, tenth and
eleventh. Vessels with supplies and
which do construction work and make
repairs are plying constantly to the
various lighthouses in these districts.
The one which looks after new con
struction and repair work is under the
engineers' department in the army
service.
The service on these inland seas is
very important, as it has to do with a
commerce which is greater than that
of any bodies of water of similar size
in the world. In front of the entrance
to all great lake ports there is a
lighthouse and on a line with it
further into the harbor a range light.
This arrangement guides the mariner
into port. Coming down the lakes he
continues until he comes to a point
where he is about on a line with the
lighthouse and the range light, then
turns and begins his journey to and
into the harbor.
In the darkness of the night, the
captain of a vessel determines the par
ticular harbor from which the light
shines by different characteristics of
the various lights. Plashes which are
made by revolving arms passing
around the large circular stationary
lens at the lighthouse give him the
name of the port. The number of
fashes a minute and the duration of
the total eclipse are governed by rules
of the department and the mariners
have a copy of the key or code to
which they refer until thoroughly fa
miliar with the same.
In connection with these lights the
fog horns are operated. The doleful
noise of one of these horns may be
heard for 20 miles. All day long and
all night if necessary the sound is
heard, the horn being run by auto
matic machinery. Like the difference
in the number of flashes of the revolv
ing light, the number of blasts of the
fog horn and the interval following
tell the captain of a passing or incom
ing vessel the name of the port.
In one of the lighthouses of the
lakes a 20-horsepower compressor and
engine furnish the air for the siren
whistle which is used in time of fog.
This air is forced through 20 obliquely
cut slots making the disk revolve at a
speed of 2,400 revolutions per minute.
Thus it is forced around much as a
windmill and the sound emanates from
it when it is revolving.
The keeper of the light and his as
sistant are on watches just as the
captain and his assistants on a lake
ship' take turns. Their residences are
on shore and they go back and forth
to the lighthouse in a small boat.
Often, however, the seas are so high
that it is impossible to go ashore and
they both remain at the lighthouse. In
the late fall when the seas break over
the lighthouse it is not unusual for the
water to freeze and the keepers have
to cut their way out. Within the light
house living rooms for the keepers are
fitted up and a supply of food is al
ways kept on hand in the event that it
is impossible for them to come ashore.