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QUEER TRIO OF BIRDS TRUMPITER, SECRETARY AND KAMICHI ALL USEFUL. Feathered Destroyers of Snakes Soorpions and Other Noxious Crea tures That infest South Amer. lea and Southern Afrioa. The trumpeter bird is the ragpickea of the woods and swamps of Guiana where he is always at work at hii trade, with his stomach for a pact and his bill for a book. He performs a most useful but most extraordinarl service, devouring a perfect multitude of snakes, frogs, scorpions, spiders, liz ards and the like creatures. But this terrible bird can be made perfectlj tame. On the Guiana plantations he may be seen fraternizing with the chickens, ducks and turkeys, accompanying them In their walks, defending them from their enemies, separating quarrelers with strokes of his bill, sustaining the p'oung and the feeble and waking the echoes with his trumpet while he brings home his flock at night. The trumpeter is as handsome as he is useful. Noble and haughty in his aspect, he raises himself up on his gong, yellow gaitered legs and seems to say, "I am the trumpeter, the scourge of the reptiles and the pro tector of the flocks." In southern Africa there is another great exterminator of reptiles, the snake eater, or secretary bird, a mag nificent creature that attacks the largest serpents, making a shield cf his wings and a sword of his beak. The name of "secretary bird" is de rived from the plumes projecting backward from its head, which look like quill pens carried behind one's ear. In South America, in the very neigh. borhood of the trumpeter's home, there lives the Kamichi or Kamiki, which wears a sharp horn projecting from its forehead and a murderous spur upon each of its wings. With these three weapons the serpents that he at tacks are powerless against him and are easily put to death. The secretary bird, the Kamiohi and the trumpeter form a valiant and use Aul trio. The trumpeter has two mer its above the others-the ease with which he can be domesticated and his musical talent. The natives have a saying that he has swallowed a cornet. Whether promenading or war making, he fills the air with his trumpet calls, and at the sound of his voice of brass the reptiles take to flight. The Turkish Army. Every Mahammedan subject in Turkey is liable to service, and re mains liable for 25 years. At 21 the young Turk enters the active army, the Nizam, and remains in it for three pears. He must serve six years in the reserve, called the Tchtrad, and after this he remains nine years in the army reserve, called the Redif, twhich resembles the German Land wehr. This reserve has a second line .ealled the Mustafis, in which the cit Isen liable to service is finally en rolled. Every year produces about 100,000 men liable to service and of this num ber 70,000 are enrolled as recruits. The remainder, that is to say, the least effective, are given drill, and they may perhaps be compared with the extra reservists of the first class In Germany, They finally find their way into the Redif. Altogether, Tur key can place a million men in the Seld, and as far as material is con cerned, German officers who have in structed Turkish troops declare that there is not an army in the world that would not rejoice to get such men. Then Healy Decided He Had Enough. Marty Healy, who plays the part of Ieff in the musical comedy of "Mutt ýnd Jeff," is quite an enthusiastic au tomobilist. In fact, every chance he gets finds him in his car speeding up some country road. The other day he was arrested in a small village for speeding and brought up before the town judge. "How much, your honor?" asked the prisoner. "Ten dollars," drawled the long. whiskered judge, with a look of im. portanac "But the bailiff needs a pair of Sboots for this winter," jeered "Twenty dollars' fine," the judge came bark like a flash. "Ar.r the constable needs an over cont and a fur cap." "Thirty dollars' fine." "And the old horse that draws the look-up wagon needs a blanket." "Forty dollars' fine. And, y"oun man, you'd better run while you have the chance, for if the court finds it is in need of anything else we are liable to attach your machine." His Mission. Visitor-My dear sir, I trust I car bring some uplifting influence to bear upon you. Business Man-I have no time for preaching in business hours. Visitor-I don't want to preach tc you. I'm agent for an elevator com pawn. When the Lights Are Out. "Do you ever talk back to yow wife?" "Yes, there are occasions when I don't dare not to." "Indeedl" "Otherwise she might thtik FI gone asleep." DANGER TO PUBLIC HEALTH Ierman Professor Points Out-How mee Uy Contagion May Be Carried - By Domestio Utensils. In view of the recent passage of th. New York law prohibiting the use o public drink ing cups, a suggestion of Prof. A. Rite chlof Frieburg, Germany, is of timely inter est. He has just called at tention to a possible factor in the spread of infectious conditions of the mouth, nose and pharynx, which he believes to be insufficiently recognized in most households-viz., the table utensilb, such as the forks, spoons and glasses which come into contact with the mouth. He points out that these are usually washed altogether, often very perfunctorily, and then dried upon the same cloth, so that it is not surprising if the infective agent gets distributed by this means. Professor Ritschl states that in his own family the uten sils used by any member suffering from an infectious condition are seDp arately sterilized in boiling water. One of his children having contracted mumps at school recovered without communicating the disease to any other member of the family. Profes sor Ritschl insists upon the impor tance of strict measures in regard to this matter in restaurants, hotels and boarding houses, and he is of opinion that if these precautions were adopted it would be less common than at pres ent for people to complain of "catch. ing cold." The Lancet says that precautions in regard to this matter are generally adopted at sanatoriums for the treat ment of pulmonary tuberculosis, where this danger is recognized, and at hospitala and public institutions; but Professor Ritschl's note may serve to draw the attention of the public to this question, since there can be little doubt that the ordinary process of washing, unless carried out thorough. ly with very hot water, is not calcu lated to destroy infective organisms. HAPHAZARD NATURE. We say that nature is blind, but she has no need of eyes, she tries all courses; she has infinite time, in finite space; and so far as our feeble minds can see, her delight is to play this game of blind-man's buff over and over to all eternity. Her crea tures get life, and the joy and pain that life brings, but what is aug mented, or depleted, or concluded, or satisfied, or fulfilled-who knows? Yet through this hit-and-miss method of nature, things have come to what they are; life has come to what we behold it; the trees and .the plants are in their places; the animals are adjusted to their environment; the seeds are sown, fruits ripen, the rains come, the weather system is established, and the vast and complex machinery of the life of the globe runs more or less smoothly; non. directed, in the human sense. Blind groping, experimenting, regardless of waste, regardless of pain, regard less of failure, circuitous, fortuitous, ambiguous, traversing the desert and the wilderness without chart or compass, beset with geologic, biologic, and cosmic catastrophes and delays, yet the great procession of the life of the globe, with man at its head, has arrived and entered into full pos session of the inheritance prepared for it-John Burroughs, in the Ate lantio, MOWING THE SEA,. In these days when conversation seems to be an economic watchword the idea of mowing the sea has come into some clever head. In the Pacifio ocean off the coast of California is a great meadow. It is made up largely of kelp, one of the mightiest of all the world of vegetation. This kelp is vinelike and creeps along the bottom of the sea. It sends up its branches for hundeds of feet and there bear leaves and fruits as big as pumpkins. A device has been invented for cut ting this sea plant and in a little while it is expected that a big crop will be harvested along the coast of California. The plant is wonderfully useful as a fertilizer. It contains nitrogen, which makes stalks and leaves, phosphoric acid, which makes buds and blossoms, and potash, which gives size and quality to fruits, grains and vegetables. Annually, we pour millions and millions of dollars' worth of fertilizer into the sea. We will get it back to the starved land by mow aig the sea. THE ANCIENTS AND CHRISTIAN. ITY. In the words of Lecky in his "His tory of European Morals: "There is no fact in the history of the human mind more remarkable than the com plete .unconsciousness of the import ance and the destinies of Christianity manifested by the pagan writers be fore the accession of Constantine. That the greatest religious change in the history of mankind should have taken place under the eyes of a bril liant galaxy of philosophers and his torians, and that during the space of three centuries they should have treat ed as simply contemptible an agency which all men must now admit to have been, for good nr for evil, the most powerful morai lever that has even been applied to the affairs of men, is a fact well worthy of medita tion" LLUGH WAS 0 N STOREKEEPER Tobaooonist Finally Discovers Identtl of Man Who Entered Store Every Night. A tobacconist who recently bought a new business is telling of an odd occurrence which turns the laugh against himself. On the first night of his ownership a shabbily dressed man about si.ty five years old came into the shop, walked to the cigar. lighter and ignited the tobacco in a dirty clay pipe. After blowing a huge cloud of foul-smelling smoke about the place, he walked out without making a purchase or speak lng a word. The tobacconist was a bit nettled at the man's air of familiarity, but imagined he might be some crony of the former proprietor and had not learned of the transfer of the busi ness. When the little old man ap peared every night for a week and re peated his pipe-lighting performance, however, the tobacconist decided to remonstrate, and stepped in front of the intruder as he was about to go. "Who are you, sir?" he demanded. "Why," exclaimed the little old man, in apparent amazement, "don't you know who I am?" "No!" almost shouted the dealer in tobacco. "Sure you ought to know me by this time," was the reply. "I am the man that comes in every night and lights me pipe." HE MEANT JOKES. The Young Political Orator-In my speech last night I told my hearers the truth. The Political Orator-They prefer stories. Heredity. A man who from the humblest be ginnings had risen to eminence one day called his children about him. "My children," said he, "I am pro viding each of you with an income of $20,000 a year, in order that you may be spared from the struggle which has been my lot, and so have leisure for developing your natural bent." One of the children drank himself to death in a few years, another drift ed uselessly about the world in search of amusement and soon grew so bored that he cursed the day he was born, while a third essayed to achieve so cial position and was divorced four times before she was thirty. The world, meanwhile, was not blind. "Greatness," it observed, sage ly, "is not hereditary."-Puck. Justice. Hank Hoss of Tin Can was accused of stealing a mule, but a Tin Can jury brought him in "not guilty." This disgusted the spectators and the judge, and the judge, voicing the gen eral opinion, said: "Gentlemen of the jury, you have erred grievously. Go back, reconsider the evidence, and see if you cannot give us a verdict in ac cordance with right and justice." Crestfallen, the jury retired a sec ond time. They were out about ten minutes. On their return the judge said: "And now, gentlemen, your ver dict is?" "Guilty," said the foreman. A sigh of relief went up from the crowded court, and the judgQ re marked: "Correct! We hanged him two hours ago.'"-Argonaut. Economical. "Yes," said the intelligent looking lady, "I am terribly interested in this new health fad-the one in which you cure all ailments by going without breakfast. It is getting popular in the east, I hear-and I'll do anything I can to get it introduced in this sec tion of the country." "Why are you so enthusiastic about it?" ventured the gentleman ad dressed. "Are you a physician, a health cure faddist or a-" "Oh, no. I keep a boarding house." Suited Her As He Was. "I hope he'll reform when you are married," remarked a young lady to a friend who was engaged. "I don't," was the response. "Why, he spends every penny he earns." "I know that," said the prospective wife, "but he spends it on mel" Stray Stories. So Much Safer. "Son, I wish you wouldn't play foot ball this season. It worries your mother." "I must have some excitement, dad." "Well, be a good boy and I'll lot you enlist in this European war." Very Similar. Mrs. Ecru-Although I have been to school and college and am 41p.' posed to be educated, I always mi, .-A, those two countries-Rococo ", Morooo.--Meggendorfer Blaetter. WHEN SUSIE HAD BONE THEN THE SEWING CIRCOL IN THE OLD TOWN GOT BUSY. How the Actress' Costeme Lopked to the Woman Who Had Known Her When She Was a Little Girl in Home Town, Since Susie Drake had arrived tn New York she had not had time to visit the folks at home in Four Cor mers. She therefore planned, as soon as the company stopped for a one night stand at Mudville Junction, Vt., to make the trip over to the Corners, 15 miles away, take a look at the old place, and let the old place have a look at a successful chorus lady with a two-line speaking part. Sure enough, the opportunity came, and Susie arrayed herself in the pur ple and embroidered linen of her best gown, donned her Mme. Jeanette hat and breezed into Four Corners on the 11:17 train. So soon as she got to her Aunt Mehitabel's, word was surrepti tiously sent to a few chosen souls to haste them over if they wanted a squint at Suzette Drakeoni-the erste while Susan Drake, whom Aunt Me hitabel had "raised." They came. The midday dinner was a great suo cess, and Susie boarded the 8:15, feel ing she had not only had a mighty good time herself, seeing the old friends of her childhood, taking a look at the general store where her child ish pennies had been transformed into fly-blown chocolate drops, and the pump in the back yard where she had been made to wash her face, but that she had given Four Corners a real treat. She had. The sewing circle met later in the day, and out of the general buzz this could be dis tingu4shed: "Well, for the land's sake, what do you think of Mehitabel's Sue?" Four sniffs followed with much dis tinctiveness. "I'd hate to tell you what I thought." said Miss Skubbs in rancid accents. "Or I," added Mrs. Flukins. "Hope I may die if I ever seen such clothes qn any person as was supposed to have money," from the doctor's wife. "Yes, Mis' Pilson, you're right. She can't be doin' very well. Her hat came way down over her eyes, bein' so big in the crown that she was near lost in it. And did you see the feather she had on it? A long, straggly thing with no curl in it. And she was wearin' a skirt made of such a little scrap of cloth that it made me sorry for her. There wasn't even enough to make a collar out of-her neck was all bare, with a wisp of lace tacked around it, and it's windy today, too. Why, she hadn't even a decent pair of shoes, poor girl. The ones she had on put me in mind of the slippers I made for Joshua last Christmas. Velvet, they was, only Josh's had embroidery on them, and Susie's was just plain vel veteen. "I don't see," added the speak er with a puzzled look, "why Susie, with all her pride, didn't wait till she was doin' a little better 'fore she came baek here." Pinning Him Down. In a little sequestered country town, where the court of justice is over the general store, and where the judge is an old, grizzled farmer, thoroughly fa miliar with pitching hay and milking cows, but having a very limited knowl edge of the law, the prisoner had pleaded "Not guilty" to a charge of burglary. The lawyer for the prose cution was endeavoring to show the court that the accused was a man of low character. "'What were you doing the night be fore the robbery?" he questioned se verely. "I was playin' pinochle with Jed Parker and another fteller," answered the prisoner evasively. "Ah, I thought sol" shouted the lawyer triumphantly. "Playing cards, and with that loafer, Jed Parkeri Gambling and in bad company I But you mention a third party, sir. Who was the other good-for-nothing?" The prisoner hesitated. "Answer me!" bellowed the lawyer. "Wa-al, sir, if ye must know," said' the accused, "it was the judge here." -Judge's Library. Too Much Favoritism. It is not always good to be the pet of the ladies. This is the lesson that was learnt by little Archie, aged nine, and with a lace frill round his neck, at 4 children's picnic. Little Archie had long golden curls, and a velvet suit, and the ladies Just loved him. Tea-time came, and they all besieged him. Cakes they gave him, and ices, and wafers, and ohoco lates, and buns, and lemonade. They were most pressing, and Archie liked it A little later, however, Archie went into a quiet corner to think, and there, with one hand on his head and one on his sash, a dainty lady found him. "Why, Archie, pet!" she exclaimed, "what's the matter? Haven't you got all you want?" "Yes, I've got all I want, thanks," murmured Archie, ever polite, "but, please, I don't want all I've got," The Result. "What will be the effect of wom an's suffrage?" asked one resident of a great metropolis. "Well," replied the other, "I sup pose ?w political slates will ooos - .,-.-- .' e made up at an ooe eesam ,'r instead of at a bar." ."69P'P SLANG BY NO MEANS NEW Pamiliar Phrase "Get the.Hook" Has Come Down to Present Times From Long Ago. "We are accu t:ci wI to having ac cepted ideas abl ;', reshness and originality of our laung held up to the scorn and mockery of the initiated," said a member of a group of amateur archaeologists and antiquarians which meets regularly in qoe of the New York clubs. "How often we have seized upon some newly coined phrase, some ap parently unique product from the great popular language mint, and ad vanced it as a genuine invention of the day, only to discover that it was known to generations past in almost identical form and is truly an old coin restamped. "Everybody is familiar with the phrase 'get the hook.' It has been es tablished in current speech as a slang expression of peculiar vigor and terse ness. Almost anyone could tell you that it originated in the amateur nights at popular vaudeville theaters where aspirants for fame are given a chance to try their powers upon an audience, and that it refers to the implement with which the stage man ager brings about the actor's forcible exit when the audience can stand no more. Cat calls and jeers failing to extinguish the ardor of the performer, there is a demand for 'the hook' and the unhappy artist is dragged into the wings, willy nilly. "From this application the phrase has come into general use for all oc casions when one is bored or wearied of anything or anybody. "Now on the face of it this looks like a truly modern bit of slang. It can be traced, apparently, to a mod ern custom and a modern method of entertainment. You would say, off hand, that 'the hook' is a genuine Americanism if ever there was one. "Not at all. It is at least 19 centuries old, possibly older than that. "Among the most interesting dis coveries in the ruins of Pompeii, de stroyed 79 A. D., are the inscriptions scratched upon the walls by idlers and street arabs, 'grafltti,' they are called. "One of them reads as follows: "'Puteolanis feliciter, omnibus Nu cherinus felicia, et uncu(m) Pompei ianis (et) Pitecusanis.' "Which means, 'Hurrah for the Pu teolaneans; good luck to all Nuceri ans; the hook for the Pompeiians and Pithecusans.' " Kindness to Animals. "A little color from the Potrero" so a genial friend informs the San Francisco Chronicle. "Far out on the very edge of town is a little school house, the first and second grades of which are com manded by a pretty little normal school graduate. "Her pupils are all sons and daughters of the warmer sort of im pulsive foreigners and have all reach ed a state of adoration for their queen and vie with each other, in ways to please her. "One day she had dwelt especially upon loving and caring for dumb ani mals. The next day little Pietro re mained in his seat when his school. mates dropped out to play. "Teacher was busy at her desk and did not notice him until she felt a little fist tugging at her sleeve. "'Why, Pietro!' she exclaimed, 'what is the trouble?' "'Nothin', teacher. I just wanted to tell you how I was good to dumb animals yesterday,' he promptly re plied. "'Why, isn't that nice! Pietro, just what did you do?' "Pietro drew himself up to his full three feet and proudly asserted: "'I kissed the cat.' " Cochineal Scarlet. It is the opinion of Leon Diguet, who has been studying the state of the cochineal industry in Mexico for some time, that before many years have passed cochineal scarlet will have become a thing of history only, like the Tyrian purple of antiquity. I wonder how many people are aware of the method of manufacture of this well known dye. It is made from the dried female of the cochineal insects (Coccus cacti). They are gathered by brushing the branches of the nopal cactus, on which the insects feed as soon as they begin to lay their eggs. They are then desiccated in ovens or filled with boiling water. It has been estimated that one pound of cochineal contains no fewer than 70,000 distinct insects. The color is brought out and fixed by chloride of tin. Only a few plantations of the nopal cactus now remain, hence the fear that the dye will soon become a thing of the past, at any rate unless some other sub stance is found on which to feed the insects. Calendar Reform In China. From Peking it is announced that the Chinese government is about to drop the troublesome moon from its calendar and follow the practice of western nations in using only the sun. The present Chinese year began on January 30 and is the year 48 of the seventy-sixth cycle, a cycle con Ssisting of 60 years and the first year of the first cycle occurring B. d. 2637. But owing to the use of the moon the number of days in the year varies con siderably. Ordinarily there are 12 lu nations or months, but once in 80 lu nations a thirteenth lunation is added to the year, as a result of which the year can be as short as 854 days or as long as 884 daye. The months are more regular than our own, alternat ing between 29 and 80 days. The Ohl. nese year completely fails to keep the seasons within proper bounds HOW JAPANESE WORK WAGES ARE LOW AND HOURS ARE VERY LONG. great Uniformity In Manner of Living Among the Poorer Classes--lx penses Are Not Heavy-Rent Is Bagatelle. In Japan a remarkable feature of the industrial and social life is the great uniformity in the manner of liv ing among different classes. They all live in very similar dwellings, says a writer in the Westminster Review. The poorer people have four wooden walls, and for furniture a' few mats and blankets and a coal pot. In Manchuria Japanese settlers are beginning to build stone houses with steam heating, but they are bare in side. Nor is this feature confined to the working classes. It is found throughout all strata of the population. The food, save in the very highest classes, is in the main very uniform, rice and green tea, with sake as a stimulant. Among those who have not yet adopted European fashions even the dress is in substance the same throughout the middle and the lower classes. The question of the balance between wages and the coat of living is the one that in the long run makes revo lutions; it has not come into the open yet in Japan. Wages vary exceeding ly and no real standard can be given, but they are as a rule very small, though recent years have witnessed a steady rise. They are given sometimes by time, sometimes by piece, mostly by weird combinations of all possi ble methods. But the weekly budget of the Japa nese workingman is very small. His. rent is a mere bagatelle, the same may be said of his food. His only ex tras are a hot bath regularly every other day, twice a month or so a fam ily trip to the theater, a few pence for toys for his children and a few more to propitiate the deities or bribe the priests. Counting the family at two adults and three juveniles, and includ ing every necessary and likely outlay, the weekly bill will come to about 11 shillings 6 pence a week. Hours of labor are, to western no tions, outrageous, on an average 11 a day, but frequently 12, 18 or even 14. Attempts have been made repeat edly to start trade unions, but never successfully. Where they have strug gled into wretched existence they are of no account whatever, because they do not as yet answer to a need of the people. It is significant that many of these attempts were brought to a ruinous end by the dishonesty and corruption of their promoters. Insurance against old age and in firmity is unnecessary in Japan so long' as the present firmly anchored tradition endures which ascribes it as a duty upon each person to contrib ute to the maintenance of an aged, in capable or infirm member of his fam ily. Kitten's Long Walk. A Maltese kitten owned by Edward Giffel, chief clerk in the office of the Ohio Oil company, in Carlyle, Ill., traveled more than one hundred miles in eight days in "coming on home," says the Chicago Inter-Ocean. Before the oil boom in this city Mr. and Mrs. Giffel made their home nine miles north of Bridgeport, more than one hundred miles east of Carlyle. A few weeks ago they moved to this city. Giffel brought the kitten with him, but it seemed dissatisfied, and finally disappeared mysteriously. One day Giffel received a letter from the kitten's old home announcing its safe arrival there. Whether it made the trip on foot or "bummed" its way in a railroad train is not known, but the fact has been established be yond a reasonable doubt that the "cat went back" in eight days. The Jap and the Russ. Admiral Togo, at a luncheon in New York. told a story that recalled the Russo-Japanese war. "In your city of Washington," he said, "in those troubled days when it was pretty certain Russia and Japan would have to fight, a Russian and a Japanese met at a dance. "Politely enough the two men dis cussed the coming war, and then, at they were about to part, the Russian said: "'I won't bid you goodby, but an revoir. I'll soon be in Tokyo, you know, drinking your health in cham pagne.' "'Oh,' said the Japanese, shaking his head and smiling. 'I'm afraid my country isn't rich enough to give her prisoners of war champagne.'" Misleading. A man once ran for office, and after a very close election the returns show ed that he had been elected by a few votes. A friend with whom he had been discussing the matter asked: "What makes you think that all the ballots weren't counted?" "You see," replied the successful candidate, "I'm judging from the num. bher of fellows who've come around ask ing for a job on the ground that they voted for me." The Voice of Detraction. "You say Mr. Flubson has great ex, eout!ve ability?" "Yes.," replied the cynical offioo holder. "What makes you think so?" "Because he manages to hold a job without being competent to do any kind of real work."