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Down and Uut and Up Again the Agricultural Reviv Sime Debacle of ,, u , na __"Down and Out and Lp the title ol an article in the U**, of the Country Gentle e" rie f h | ch devotes over a column to ■»"" Se-s of Montana's agncu - the ï0U ; hj c H seems to be an at it on the pait ot the Curtis Pub ° muanv to make amends to lbilP f. t f r publishing in another of «?»*. f« !",» the 1 riK- bv Garet Garrett dealing witn £ ■•lamentable condition in the ag ^ .hurt of Montana and particularly iaîth central "Triangle" sec ■tonlana and Idaho are presented bv the author, Frank Llewellyn Ball D - a - the two states in the Lmon 55ns the greatest progress with "end agricultural programs. The at Sie Pais particular attention to tne Triangle country which was under fire in the Garrett articles Header.- ot the Country Gentleman, the farm paper with the largest cir .'illation of any in America, aie told that Treasure State agriculture to j av jg "based upon new and substan liai supports" and that sound agri cultural programs are in force in everv section. That portion of the article relating Montana as it appears in the July Countrv Gentleman follows: "Montana, rival of Idaho in sound s and speed of rehabilitation, came from 1921 with a steadily mount iiie annual production, attaining its anne ear in 1927 with a $150,000, SCO total. The Treasure State bases its farming business today upon some new and substantial economic sup ports. New tillage practices in which summer fallow, motorized outfits and big-scale machinery are important parts; the dairy cow, crop standard! zation and corn loom up among them like tall trees in the brush. -In the Triangle in 1921 was found the lowest ebb of Montana's agricul tural grief. On a drive along the rutted and dust-ridden road from Bingham to Shelby, 43 per cent of the farms by actual count were aban of Storj a) I« 1 192Ü The Montana ture ard, to ne: on K doned and growing up to weeds. Along another road in central Hill county, out of 160 farms, sirty-seven were abandoned. Homesteaders had flocked to the Triangle region in particular, but to Montana's plains generally from 1909 to 1911, and a .ferles of particularly favorable years brought splendid crops to almost any kind of fanning methods on through the sea son of 1916. Then came a series of fou rdry years and ruin. No reserves had accumulated. No suitable sys em of dry farming had been evolved, In one township the "farmers" prior j to settling had included iwenty-three | with actual farming experience and twenty-seven drawn from all manner ° f Æ[ °^ upatlons -, . While the days of grim account m* were passing, there was here and i there a farmer making good. j Building a Successful System | There was, for example, Thomas, J. McFarlane, in Liberty county,' farming one of the driest areas of ! fe Triangle. He owned a section 1 asd rented 960 acres for range and j pasture. During the dry year when ( th? fanners aound him quit one by ! one, he harvested ten bushels of spring wheat an acre, ten bushels of i oats, a ton of com fodder an acre, J sold from his farm flock of sheep and dairy cows more than $1,000 ; worth of produce. And so that year, 1 in spite o the difficulties, he paid J that favor high quality of product that commands market premiums in i many quarters and makes it possible 1 iimsBSimsiSBsssiMsssssissssmisssisssnssiississsstsiisssiisssisssMMssiiimitHS^ iiiimisaiiMmi WASHINGTON GOSSIP By Laurence Todd, Federated Press B. Washington— (FP) — Sen. Duncan Hetcher of Florida, "father of the pvernemnt's merchant fleet," who fought in vain against enactment of the Jones-White merchant marine hill passed in the recent session of congress, has issued another warning to the country against the proposed sale of the United States Lines and other government passenger and height ships on the Atlantic. He pre dicts that if the shipping board will operate these vessels for another Jear or two the business will show a r.et profit. "Canada's government-owned and operated ships constitute one of Can ädas most valuable assets," he said. Australia has been successfully op ending its ships. The Panama Canal Une is a great success showing satis Iact ?ry earnings, notwithstanding it carries government sunnlies at much le *s than government rates The^ov enunent owns and oneratV« flip Mi« sissippi and Black Warrior banre | ln e, moving a tremendous pnmmorf. **?ing down rates and serving as an additional transportation facilftv for SS arca < of the countr y ^ a< Thef gov ernment tian<r.nrf lim,. te K »4 »avy ate efficSu „ «micaiiy operated Cntly *** eC ° n ' ♦ ♦ * * 4 . Sale of the 9 i ^ , . offered to the hle-hps/^™*? 114 iviu PS the U. 8 Shinning T? nvate )* lddei : î he union aereJSf B . ard , wdl € ^ a ^.urd with the M irinl v^ n - ed by 4 he ? hcial Association ? ^ nglneers e H n_ Thus far the , . , . , »"eminent car™ P ^ that b ° Ught ships hn Vn f .. Cd f£ 0 and passenger marine p no . ai ed to c °ntract with the They havp "T S 0r any other union, tered the ™°r^ educed wa * es ar v al improve^ 11 ! 10 " 8 '. but bave made <*ssful strip« n f S '-.n ATter the unsuc ^Ueed the ^ 921 tbe owners re *jneers a11 £ rad es of s "tant chief- and certain as *?Kiueers were waffes of chief ? b °ut the + i en mcreased by l° Wer in rank Tf k fv! fr ° m the men . to nrovû a bbe companies re atrike. ? diate, there will be a Do en At th * * p^cration^fff d T C t. Occidental V?- Green n fT Guatemala, JS era tion „f i u e Pan-American Seoretarv { ^ ^ as taken up ^plaint 0 f p, . State Kellogg the j!, 31, between f ^ Uatem alan labor that b beino- ^ 1 coun try and Hon Comnanv Tome .nted by the Cuy Petition American concern, r, a and s Pr Jl. sl Kned by Pres. Riv to^.k'Dalan M ' ry Gastillo of the Wl° n is ^.fonvement, the as ! concern L j • a .^ Ike Cuyamel nnving the Honduran Id a his expenses, allowed 6 per cent in terest on his investmnnf r c ®nt in $1,300. -tment and made "He raised his wheat ™ fallowed land. He summer S * u ® mer : cheaply by usinir lar^i i?-t r u fa owed third it his land waf X"' ° ne ' being plowed early and Ju " d fi' with the duckfoot cultivate,-. at6d third of his farm in ** . lvator » one * clean summer fallow" omf ° n in winter rye drilled in on ^^ lrd wa& and used for pa" too ^ ftnbble This, in the ' system of today. "In the fall of 1927 a bnUr e that old graveyard of ban?p!ï r , from told the Montana Ste" BanTers-T* STSS.ÄIÄÄ g the' bet financial condition of any farmers in the state. * rimers in "This region, containing four of the ten largest wheat-producing" mrti« contributed to the record of the™tate in producing 26,000,000 bushels more wheat than ever Montana harvested before, on 10,000 fewer farms than there were in 1019. Produced under favorable weather conditions, to bp sure, but set down a lot of credit to better farming. 0 "In 1921 the average wheat farmer was farming two hundred acres en tirely too small a unit; now the aver age is more than a section and on the real 100 per cent wheat farms the acreage is much larger yet Putting Machinery to Wort "Professor ivr t wm tana sSfe PoHo L ' } Vdso , n ? f Mon omics of Moot s ^ udied the econ tffowh and^S* • Whß ? farmin * days ^One item is Ze rt • da / kest machinery sales in Montana they are-' 1925 dnn " l0 " tana - Here cultivators^  * 495 field 700 tractors 800 fipiJ COÏ S ln ^ s; 1926 > 1200 combines ^927 8 V nd 12,000 field cuitiv'ators and SOfl 3 ' bines, a ÄUU "Montana nffore , for our farmers f. tUra c ? ndltl0IVS those closer to the markeS^The^ 101 we lower our cost SfîSïf* .. en > increase our noAih? Production, Professor Wilson Pr ° flt ' — . . ffTain and hay. mam is the successful ' h .E. ar , e: J925 4oo t ractorSi and 103 combines: com as we said << high protein wheat .^usually manding substantial^!.^ 3 y C ^' wheat is produced Thls where yields are a ? d are ^ S offset these vSds th c *7' y ,OW ' To increases the nu,nH t h XT now hirmanagement u"e S > m °nl.fö r U ^T multiply his own iabol"on i" ent 'ù that profit on acre vie ds sf low that would ruin farmers on higher-pricfl lands * ner priced . "In our studies we have seen manv instances of farmers, deeply in debt m 1921 and 1922, who now haïe paid up their obligations, own their land and have accumulated reserves This building of reserves makes exceeding ly improbable another situation <=uch as the one we passed through, "ßig teams for a few vears were tremend ously favored and are still used ex tensively, but as farmers increased their reserve, the smaller tractor tended to replace these big teams "In Roosevelt county, 120 'new tractors were sold to farmers during 1927. The use of combine harvesters is reducing the production cost of our grain. On wheat averaging six teen bushels an acre a number of our farmers have brought threshing costs a fraction under fourteen cents, "Cost-accounting figures in this wheat belt show that under these new methods, many farmers required less than four hours' labor to raise an acre of wheat. One Montana farmer pro duced nd harvested his wheat crop with an expenditure of 2.7 hours an acre." government to seize Guatemalan ter ritory. - Norman Thomas, socialist nominee for president was in Washington on July 9 to demand of the U. S. Radio Commission that it drop its proposal of suppression of the only socialist or radical radio broadcasting station iu the east—station WEVD in New York.. He made an effective argu ment. But he was not pursued by the news cameramen. Equal treatment as between presidential candidates stops at the class line—whether a working class party recognizes the class struggle in its platform or not. capitalist papers will not invest man V dollars this year in pictures of Norman Thomas or William Z. Foster. Nevertheless Thomas got some pub licit y for the socialist viewpoint, in interviews and speeches in Baltimore and in interviews in Washington. He said he would award first prize for hypocracy in the campaign, thus far, to the democrats, on their law-en forcem ent plank. In the first place they ad °P ted a dry declaration after gtagin * oae . of ^ wette f ? t conventions on record, in a dry southern state. In the second place they emphasized their idea of law . enforcement by lynching a negro in the convention city before the work of the platform makers began. And he would give them second prize for hypocracy on their plank denouncing imperialism in Nicaragua, while they ignored Wil son's record of conquest in Haiti and the Dominican republican and his rai ds into Mexico. ♦ * * * While Thomas, a veteran campaign ing in New York state, does not ven ture a prediction as to the total so cialist vote this year, he believes that the wage workers in New York City have at last begun to think seriously about the loss they and their families suffer through the graft in school, sewer, garbage and other municipal services which Tammany draws from them. He believes the magic spell which Tammany has exercised over the bulk of organized labor in New York is breaking down and that Tarn will have to look to another man class for its strength in the future. Thomas made a hit with the inde pendent broadcasters, whose new as sociation—formed to fight the trust —held a meeting in the capital fol lowing the hearing at which the so cialists' right to maintain free speech for minority economic opinions was defended by the candidate. If their applause at his remarks meant any thing it indicated that socialist ar guments would meet a less hostile re i ception henceforth from the managers ! of many of these community stations. _ S NEWS Daughters of American Revolution Unveil Monument to Lewis and Clark mwm ' i t 1 I * *14 m V * '.-Vi ■Si $ V. x % m SSj M& m m V t n "M MMm. m mm. h>:. 4' 4 : ■ I >:¥ X x : : ■? •: vÄ- *x - y-ty. •r: & « M y-yy Mi Wm O kB Ml X y > w During the month of May the Black Eagle chapter of the Daughters of American Revolution unveiled and dedicated a marker erected at Giant x.pnngs. Great Falls, commemorating the discovery of the spot by the Lewis ? ad Clark expedition. More than ' 9 Persons attended the services v^nich addresses were given by David liger, librarian of the Montana State Historical society; Lieut. Governor W, S. McCormack of Kalispeil, Mayor H. B Mitchell of Great Falls, Mrs. O. B Nelson, regent of the D. A. R„ and Mrs. George H, Berry and Mrs. Edith Maxwell, members of the Black Easle chapter. The marker, a huge granite boulder weighing between five and six tons, was brought to the city from Elk Park by the Great Northern Railway, boulder is of the finest quality of granite and is the gift of Ralph Budd president of the Great Northern Rail way. The base for the marker made of concrete and measures three feet deep, four feet wide and six feet long. In the center of the granite boulder overlooking the Giant springs, is a bronze tablet, 26 inches by thirty Inches, containing the following scription: "Lewis and Clark in their historical expedition to the Pacific coast dis this giant fou ntain, June 18, 1805. In honor of the courage, fidelity the at The ls in Patriotism of these explorers this tablet is here placed and dedicated by Black Eagle Chapter, Daughters 1928'^ meriCan Revolution ' M& y 30. of Presentation of the marker to the city and state was made by Mrs. O B Nelson, regent of Black Eagle chapter, D. A. R. Acceptance of the marker on behalf of the state of Mon tana was made by Lieutenant Gov ernor McCormack. David Hllger, retary of the Montana State torioal society, accepted the on behalf of that organization, and it was accepted on behalf of the city sec His marker On the other hand the managers may not be so liberal when they get back home. They may forget they found Thomas the most intelligent oppon ent of the radio trust who appeared at the parley. ... . .... , , , Labor", political organ of tne standard associated rail labor bro therhoods and unions, prints conspic uously in its current issue the advice of Sen. Norris, progressive leatTer, that progressives of the republican and democratic sort should center their efforts this year on the election of their own .people to the senate and house. While it carries no editorial declaration as to the presidential con test an article by its editor heaps rid icule on the "full dinner pail" slogan of Republican Chairman Work and points out that the Republican leaders concede that Massachusetts, Rhode SsSHthe hand it recites that Sen. Brookhart, j influenced by Dante Pierce, publisher of Iowa farm papers is campaigning I for Hoover. Norris and LaFollette alone have definitely denounced the j Blaine of Wis republican platform, consin has spoken well of Smith. to Hoover rail labor. One of his closest lieu tenants is Claudius Huston o Chat tanooga, who last year took charge of the Locomotive Engineer's finan cial committments. The most that Hoover can hope is that the brother hoods and unions of the rail group will refrain from endorsing any presi dential candidate. Smith hopes to have them line up for himself, though he will not favor public own ership of anything that may profit. al earn a Washington —(FP)—Militarist and pacifist circles in the capital are agog over the quiet lecture administered to Quaker Herbert Hoover on his second Sunday visit to the Friends'! Meeting House after he became a Hoover had in presidential nominee, spired an interview that appeared in the New York World on Sunday morn ing, denying that he was a working pacifist, ' and explaining that his uncles fought in the civil war and his father was barred from the army be cause he was too young. Friend Daniel Batchelor, from the platform of the Quaker meeting, urg ed all Friends to "put religion into practical issues," Pacifism, he ar gued, has become practical politics. Trade union officials in Washing ton are elated at the labor plank adopted by the democrats at Hous ton. While the coal plank is vague, they indicate that they have faith in Gov. Smith's ability to stabilize em ployment at a living wage in the coal industry while encouraging the Unit ed Mine Workers in the fields where the union has been wiped out in the past 3 years. * * * Robert E. Olds, undersecretary of state for the past years, declared when he retired from that office on June 30 that the most gratifying de velopment during his term was the improvement of relations with Mexi co. It was Olds who tried, soon af ter he came into the department, to have the news agencies run a report that Mexico was a hotbed of bolshe vism and a menace to the peace of the continent. The Associated Press actually put out his bunk and later tried to explain it away. ROBBERY IN SEATTLE Seattle, July 18.—Between $5 non and $7.000 was obtained by a man who held up the Marine State Bank in the university bank here late day. He escaped. Now that a strong prohibition plank has been adopted, the thirst is yet to come! to of Great Falls by Mayor Mitchell The marker was unveiled by Shirley Case Abrams, a descendant of a soldier of the Revolutionary war. Mrs. George H. Berry acted as mas ter of ceremonies and during her dress gave a brief history of the marker. In her address she said "As chairman of the marker_ mittee it G my privilege and pleasure to give you a brief history of marker and to express on behalf of the committee and the chapter mem bers our appreciation for the assist ance rendered us, and for the osity of those who have made is pos sible for us to erect a marker on this historic spot. "The committee decided that there should be no drive put on for the rais ing of funds but the matter was laid before the Montana Power company the Great Northern Railway and the Anaconda Copper Mining with the result that the plan ried out. It has long been the desire of our organization to place a marker here that would be in keeping with historical events that took place 123 years ago. The flag which displaying this afternoon ad com the gener company, was car the we are was pres ented to the chapter by Mrs. George Rogers, organizer and mother of Black Eagle chapter. The programs which we have distributed to the audience have through the courtesy of the Great Falls National Bank. "This magnificent boulder is a Mon tana product. It was found in the Rocky mountains near Elk Park and was brought to Great Falls over the Great Northern Railway. It is of the very best quality of granite weighs between 5 and 6 tons, boulder is the gift of Ralph Budd, President of the Great Northern Rail way, who has been instrumental in marking so many of the old trails and historical spots of the northwest. Mr. Budd's interest in our undertaking has been an inspiration to us and his gift and The F-L CONVENTION HELD IN CHICAGO ( i- , Chicago—(FP)— Delegates from states and the District of Columbia were in their seats when J. Edwin Spurr of the Oklahoma Farmer-Labor Party called to order the 2nd presi dential nomination convention of the National Farmer-Labor Party in the Hotel Stevens, Chicago. None but Farmer-Labor units were represent ed. Trade unions and allied organi zations were not asked to send dele gates, according to David McVey of great annual holiday iiiiiiuiiiiiii iiiiiiiaiiitiiini • iiri<iiiiiiiiui!'iin i i i ir i ijihiiiii i i iinim 'iniiiiM iiiii 'ii iniiiiiiniiuinauaiiiiiaiii'ii _ COME TO SASKATCHEWAN FOR Provincial Exhibition REGINA, SASK. July 30, 31, August 1, 2, 3, 4, 1928 100,000 EXHIBITS AND ATTRACTIONS See the Finest Livestock Canada Produces Western Canada's Greatest Industrial Exhibition Hear His Majesty's Royal Air Force Band Direct from London, England. EXTRA EVENING ATTRACTION Schooley-Collins Revue Music and Dancing. 35 Gorgeously Gowned Artists $1000 Fireworks Display Every Night Six Days Horse Racing—Big Midway More than $100,000 Spent this Year , New Buildings. 7—Wonderful Vaudeville Acts—7 on Thrilling Stunts—Clever and »Comic Vaudeville. VISIT 2ND ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL GRAIN SHOW American's Day, Tues., July 31 Increased Accommodation Provided for Motorists in the EXHIBITION modern auto camp Comer Dewdney and Pasqua July 30, 31, August 1, 2, 3, 4, 1928 has made it possible for us to mark this spot made famous by Lewis and Clark. "The boulder rests on a solid foun dation of concrete 3 feet deep by 4 feet wide and 6 feet long. It required 54 cubic feet of concrete to build It This foundation, the flag pole and the work of hauling the boulder out here from Great Falls and placing it on the foundation was done by the Mon tana Power company, which used its men and equipment for this purpose under the supervision of Frank Scot ten, as a gift to the chapter. "The bronze tablet which contains the Lewis and Clark inscription is al a Montana product. The copper in it was mined at Butte. It was brought to Great Falls and smelted Anaconda Copper Mining £0 at the company shelter, and was moulded into its present form at their plant, tablet, 26 Inches wide by 30 inches long, was presented to the chapter by A. E. Wiggin of the A. C. M, pany and is one of many that Mr. Wiggin has given to the D. A. R. chap ters in the state for marking various historical sights. The work of placing the bronze tablet on the boulder done by the firm of Grover & Leuchars of Great Falls, "Thus we come before you today with out task completed, feeling that we have placed a monument here that The com was will stand for all time to come and one that will be a reminder to those who come after us of the heroic deeds and the sacrifices made by these early explorers." Letters from Mr. Budd making the presentation of the boulder to the Black Eagle chapter D. A. R. read at the close of the service. Arrangements for the erection of the Giant Springs marker were made and completed by the marker com mittee of Black Eagle chapter which consists of Mrs. George H, Berry, chairman, Mrs. O. B. Nelson, regent, Mrs. C. A. McKinney and Mrs. Jack Abrams. were the credentials committee. Spurr was elected permanent chairman. Gossip about candidates for the centered presidential nomination ; round Sen. Norris of Nebraska, who I has stated that he will not run, and ex-Gov. Pinchot of Pennsylvania. Con Invention sentiment seemed to be that if sufficient strength developed Nor ris might change his mind. A bolt of drys is conferring with a Farmer-La- 1 bor committee. In her keynote speech Laura Hughes Lunde of Illinois denounced the corruption and degeneracy of the old parties and called to honest gressive voters to rally under the Farmer-Labor banner. Parley Park er Christensen, Farmer-Labor nomi pro vpntinn 1 ^' C01 ?l^H 0 t attend the eon-1 Albert rwiü^ ln ai l d oa business, a a e JT g . etlc advocate of sent 6 tlCkCt ' WaS also a b' dentiaied do, ."*— «« * -e i Minnesota Farmer-Llbor U A«sn 0f îhe 1 Farmer-Labor ^Partie« of" Tiling Iowa, Nebraska SontV, 1 w° is ' tana a 'rv° • Da k° ta . Mon trict'of Columb?a the * 1 ? the D - i? ' Builders ot°New Mexico, theXTreT sive Legion of Missouri and the St Louis County Farmers Defense Lea gue of Missouri. nee Organizations 8-HOUR RATIFICATION IS ISSUE IN BRITAIN Geneva—( Fp )_ R atification of the Washington eight-hour-dav tion by the British conven-; , , government is made one of the issues of the British electoral campaign to be fought with  NA TION- W/DE INSTITUTION l i€ quality—always at a saving Plentywood, Mont. We believe in Help ing You Save Money EVERY DAY—Not Once in Awhile. Note Our Moderate Prices Below. 99 SaleI No! i Wish We Could Get Out of Debt" ti 701 " Hose for Men Many families voice this complaint, month after month, and yet keep right or saying "Charge it" instead of« "I'll pay for it now." Being free from debt, and able to look the future squarely in the face, is a big factor in success. No one does good work when they arc worried about over-due payments, and if unemploy ment comes it can be faced much more easily when there are no bills coming in. That is one of the most important ways a J. C. Pen ney Company Store serves the community. We can save you a small sum on every purchase, and keep you out of debt at the same time. Pure thread silk fashions these well-shaped socks. Has mercerized yarn foot and ribbed top. Carefully knit ted; no loose threads. 49c Majestic Belts For Men and Boys Strong and durable top grade leather in plain and two-tone effects. Every de tail of make and finish is right. Good-looking belt* that men and boys like to wear. Low priced at— 49c 7* Talcum Powder Infants' Vests Rayon Stripe For Men "Aywon" Talc is popular among men everywhere. Can, S«rer%| styles, improved eottoa material 19c 49c Men's Athletic Underwear Pouch-Envelope I New Handbags Many, many clever naw lags for Springtime. Made Kantsook •f best quality reinforced rtitckmg. Foil-cut for fort and coolness. webbing; with double com 98c to $2.98 Smart Hosiery Harmonizes with the Rà Costume 98c Jaciel" Powder Various Shades if Dtlicattly fragrant and adhesive. 39c and 69c *7 Combination Corsets and Brassieres "Lady - Lykc" combination garments arc com fortable and styled Id mould the figure smartly. Some nuirtb m» have abdominal An extra good value at-— $1.49 Soft shadés with a inkish cast urned tone bland with every popular summer color — service and chif fon weights are hara for your selection. or a sun so tail. 98c to 3.98 Mff Lady-Lyke" Girdles ii Support the Figure and Mould It Smartly The foundation of a trim, well-pro portioned figure is the correct sup porting garment. Every "Lady-Lyke* girdle and corset is designed with care —to follow the prevailing modish lines. i 4» J J & m) - b: . > 1.98and2.98 f Different Models For Various Types of Figures The individual requirements of the slender, the average and the large figure sre met in "Lady-Lyhe" garments. Each one ia well made and the price always moderate. s in the next year, by the refusal of the Tory government to pledge any action toward ratifying thisLree ment, made nine years* ago TWs pikers ""the ofZ e^/d"^ 0 Th La ^ oar Conference now nd £ d> The British government spokesman, questioned by the labor delegates, declined to sav what the 5 aldw L n ministry would do. The La V^ ^ W ® pUd * e * ! The Largest and Finest Furniture Store In Sheridan County PETERSON COMPANY PLENTYWOOD