The producers news. [volume], October 26, 1928, Image 1

About The producers news. [volume] (Plentywood, Mont.) 1918-1937

Image provided by: Montana Historical Society; Helena, MT

                
Historical Library
X
*'ar
oî^'O a.
'liberty
IS NOT
gAND ED
FROM above
uiished Weekly
,/OL. XI. No. 30
THE PRODUCERS
NEWS GOES INTO
EVERY HOME IN.
SHERIDAN COUNTY
DOWN
Pu
A PAPER OF THE PEOPLE. FOR THE _
PLENTYWOOP, MONTANA, FRIDAY, OCTOBER 26, 1928
PEOPLE. BY THE PEOPLE
Sub. Rates:
w.76
to U. 8., 18.00
P«r y«ar
per year
Entered as Second Claas Matter, October 18, Ifll, at tha Poat
office at Plentywood, Montana. Under the Act of March I,
*
HIKE! MARKETING
DIRECTORS MEET
jä
Turkey ü«»ers Association met m
tgp Associations of the three coun
tiV are now incorporated as one con
^ 'nd will be known as the Tri
County Poultry Growers Association
will handle the turkey crop for
the three counties.
Air Carl Peterson was elected as
to fill the vacancy left by
«^Bolster who has left this sec
tion of the state.
p; an s were laid at the Saturday
meeting for handling a large volume
turkeys this year. It is the plan
•'the a«'.»ciation to ship one car ov
' t he Great Northern for the
Thanksgiving Market. In this way
fhe growers may market all their
birds that are heavy enough to grade
number one for the early market.
F ; the < hiistmas market it is the
p] a r of the. Association to load one
car over the Soo Line so that the
. • v ;>>> ir the northern part of the
i unty may have the privilege of
marketing - their birds thru the asso
(iation. Two more cars will be load
«1 over the Great Northern for the
Christmas season and in this way
there will be no need of the growers
fhipping their light birds for the
hanksgiving trade.
Amount of Grain to Produce a Pound
Manv growers are of the opinion
that it costs a great deal to finish a
bird because of the large amount of
grain that the turkeys consume daily,
According to experiments
have boon conducted it only takes
from four to five pounds of wheat
to produce a pound of gain on a tur
key. According to these figures, one
bufhel of dollar wheat will net the
turkey grower $4.80 when marketed
thru a turkey, if the turkey sold at
ae per pound.
Th° fact i? that a grower loses big
money when he sells turkeys that
are not he vy enough to grade as
last Year's Results of Association
last year the association had a
very successful season in that there
was two car load of turkeys market
ted thru the organization for the
Christmas market and the Sheridan
Association received the
highest price paid to any association
of Gain.
that
number one birds.
Count v
'■ont'rmorT nn pntro Kljrht)
Frank J. Edwards, former mayor of Helena, has addressed a
sensational letter to Gov. J. E. Erickson, asking very pertinent
Questions regarding the overnor's income from oil lands in north
ern Montana, which is said to range from $1000 to $2000 a
month, and the leasing of state oil lands in the same part of the
slate, particularly with reference to the state school fund. The
Btat,:tos with reference to the subject in hand, also was quoted.
Edwards' Letter. *—
Helena,
Governor Erickson
Addressed Letter of
Inquiry by Edwards
Former Mayor of Helena Asks Concerning Executive s In
From Northern Montana Oil Lands and Leasing of
come
State Oil Land in Same Part of State.
Mont., October 18, 1928.
t: V" El £ k f°m
^ate Hou<e, Helena, Mont.
Sj ar . Sir:
The importance ef your services to
ZK ü lon A' polie « is now being em
P as 1Z e d by the octopus, through ap
tho " lta,,ers ' vbo ba ^ e b $ en »
trust, deprived of
•°ur es ot information.
scVini c J , 0U J administratlon . 11 tbe
scnools fund of this state was pillag
nn 0 , the .«tent of FIVE MILLION
b LIARS, more or less. If less
amount, the details may be sup
, e " by you to those interested in;
education, and in educational funds
a *;l institutions.
Erktc tbl? tra nsgression you, Mr.
L °n, were directly and pecunan
friJm ested ' their silence your
newspapers gave their con
yoi ° l! 118 outra ^ e * I n other words,
. a sufked the egg and the company
ld ,the shell.
inc .°m e - and your association
Su> h od i nda stry in the Kevin-1
nieH Geld, have never been de
• v you.
Statutes Quoted.
Wh cbair man of the state board .of
j. coai mi?sioners, your attention
"Memk Cted to se ction 444, E. C. M.;
cotntv r? - ^ be legislature, state,
iw ' «ty or township officers
Wt be mterested in any con
caparit ' ° by them in their official
*bicli «I 0r by an y body or board of
This i? y are members."
growth° h ^ r ? e against you is an out
at*i .• , n J mtriguery which origin
c°ni ni j s . 1p de p a rtment of state land
are 10 nerg, «f wb j cb board you
kpartLlT^an- The files of this
ftate i nr ,, dlR close that holders of
Wt f-KK lpa? es in the Kevin-Sun
abilitv f n rt i Wer ,® doubtful of your
at the lvJ- e *f. lly r<mew their leases
**** ra x 10n Hve years, and
X10US to have their leases re
that
You
larH Were Interested in the state
,. ses - From leases yopr esti
- income was from $2,000 to $4,
, month. This general estimate
. your
000
i?
D« of H. Delegates Leave
for Butte Convention
Mrs. Oscar Collins, Mrs. Ray Lane
^ rs - Erna Timmerman, Mrs. Ash
:L^^ Y lSrSi
Butte thi " ' he " te ™ 00n
arssJ*sfcnsätg
„ cfn . _• .. wi oigamzauon at
j " V(n lf) n being held in that
1 JjJ* They expect to ™turn Satur
1 y '
MEDICINE LAKE MAN
KILLED IN WRECK
^
* vv j. . da >l° r > a garage employe
; Medicine Lake, died at the Sher
ldan Memorial hospital Friday after
noai î' trom the results of an auto
roooAle accident last Wednesday
en * a E near Medicine Lake,
H seems that Mr. Taylor and Mr.
i Dodahl had gone out for a spin with
Taylor & t the wheel, and as the car
1 was driven .at high speed,.the machine
the highway and tipped over,
I crushing Mr. Taylor and injuring him
i internally. Mr. .Lodahl, however es
ca P e( l with nothing hut a bad scare.
Tbe victim of the accident was
unshed to Medicine Lake and from
i there to Plentywood but nothing
could ?ave the young man's life
badly was he injured.
Robert Taylor had but recently
! came to Medicine Lake and was em
Pl°y ed with Mr. Lodahl in the gar
a £e business. The body was shipped
to Oregon, the home of the dead
man.
:
\
Washington — (FP)— Herber Hoo
ver's opposition to any change in the
immigration quota law, set forth in
his Elizabethton speech, was formul
; ly endorsed by William Green, pres
ident of the Amcri-an Federation of
Labor, in a press statement. Green
, said that Hoover's declaration "will
j create a most favorable impression
among the vast majority of working
people. everywhere."
Earlier in the campaign, speaking
, before the New York State Federa
tion of Labor, Green said that Gov.
Smith had deserved the "almost un
animous" support he had received
from organized labor in New York
! state elections.
ev
so
Green Gives Hoover Hand
newe( j w h e n more than a year had to
elapse before their expiration.
These leases were originally given
when the lands were raw and unde
ve i 0 ped. Later, these leases became
va i uab l e through oil production and
the possibility of their renewal, by
the state, became a serious question.
When prod uction was at its height
the holders of these leases were ac
tive in connection with their renew
(Continued on page Five)
-
than,|||i ri /\ I \T|\ ITI1T a
H LI G U AJN1) IN 1 IN A
111 11 I HI AU U C D I? i
WILLfLAY H t K £
—-
Well^vnown Musical Company Will
Again Appear to Please Plenty
wood Audience at F-L Temple.
———
The Hugo & Nina Johnson Com
pany with a new caste will stage an
otlier one of their popular shows at
the Farmer-Labor Temple Saturday
evening, October 27.
This company has appeared here
several times and has gained a repu
tation of »putting on one of the best
shows ever visiting Plentywood.
Their entertainment consists of
^ rpusic, songs, comedy and folk dances
with a new program.
The reputation of Hugo Johnson
1 as an accordion player is well known
to those who have followed the ca
reer of famous musicians, as is also
Nina Johnson, the famous Norwegian
accordion artist and classic dancer.
Included in the company, also are
Sverre Hammer,. Norwegian tenor,
singer and banjoist and Alf Nilsen,
pianist, graduate, from the Oslo con
servatory of music.
, After the show a dance will be
given by Johnson's Novelty Orche -
tra consisting of two accordions, ban
jo and piano.
No doubt a large crowd will as
ual be present to hear and , S j e
artists at both the show and dance. |
us
UNANIMOUS VERDICT FOR FULL
TREASURY LOSS WITH INTEREST
t-i' j. - . . .
The verdict of the jury in part read: "We find our verdict for the plaintiffs and against
the defendant upon all of the issues and assess the plaintiff's damages in the sum of $101,
865.40 with interest thereon at the rate of 8 per cent per annum from January 5, 1927, to
Oct. 24, 1928." J *
_
The suit of County Treasurer E. Torstenson and Sheridan County against the National
ure y ompany Oi New \ork, whicn had occupied the attention of the Federal Courts of
Great Falls, since Tuesday, October 18th, terminated Wednesday evening at about 6:45
o clock, wKen the jury reported a verdict in behalf of the plaintiff Torstenson, and Sheridan
«r^ty f ° r ^ 0 ' 863 ' 40 ' Together with interest at the rate of ei<dit per cent since January 3
1927. the entire amount asked for. § P * 5 '
^" ase ^ ent to Jury Wednesday Evening After
^ n " re Day Had Been Consumed i
By Attorneys for Both Sid
in Argument
es, After Eight Days
Battle by Foremost Lawyers in State---jury
Is Out One Hour and Fifteen Minutes.
i
VICTORY VINDICATION FOR TREASURER TORSTENSON
'
NIELS MADSEN RE
PUDIATES REPUBLI
CAN ENDORSEMENT
In an interview with a News re
porter, Niels Madsen today (Fri- ,
day) repudiated the endorsement
given him by the Renublican par- '
ty and said that he had nothing to
do with the endorsement iand had
never laccepted the same, and that i
he was a candidate on the Inde
pendent ticket for Clerk and Re- i
corder. »
Mr. Madsen further said that any
time he accepts the endorsement of
the Dolin, Polk, "Lard" Olson Os
car Collins gang, the farmers of
Sheridan county could consider that
;
mr'ITMAM DA VC
IlIvIllTlriil rilltj
FOR C. RIM F
" ^
TT7T. .
ßra r ta ^ 0 ^ 1 s a ^ r H °^ Death ÎÎTsSifohïl i
collapses at Last as He Plunges
j n t 0 Eternity.
___ _ . _,
• Pri ® on »„9^^ lf * t ^ ct - 19
, ' VlIba | n Edward Hickman was
Äar old SL pVIT^a^ I
12 , y ,° d , M anaa Paiker, Los An
wf h6 kldnapped
" b !, The trap was sprung
if! th P fSW of is v +
Dr ec?ded bv Rev 13 w s ^ e P s ^ ^nt
P iest un( jêr whose sniritnal
gL^Je shadow of tTe
r strannad f
.Æ 8 oTnitW > S
si des - «n either side and behind him
marched a S aard - In a semi-circle
Hit™ S ° me 2 °° pers ° ns who saw him
d rf. . .
i phÏÂ, seconds after he enter
il^d Æ tr&P WaS re ;
de-id at 10-25 a m pronounced
c ' _
_ ~ _ nir i tmiTo
Vt II I h V VK A I IjUr
11 vr LiLjLiII UIYiTIiiivS
HT MU' TA DP AnriTPTX
K I N K 1(1 KH i|Pk|\|kT|
IU1UI 1 v
ATT 1 I TPRIini n
\ r-F I r |YI r I r
HI 1. L. 1LIT11 LL
-
he had sold out.
Arrangements have been completed
to install a roller skating rink at the
Farmer-Labor Temple under the
management of Robert L. Dore.
The skates have been ordered and
will be here in a few days when the
rink will be open to the public.
The new enterprise should do
good business as this is the first rink
to be established here since over ten
years ago.
Dates of opening will be announced
next week in the Producers News.
a
K. C. LODGE INITIATES
The Knights of Columbus held
their annual meeting Sunday at the!
Farmer-Labor Temple and initiated
large number of candidates into
the order. A wonderful banquet was
served after the initiations. A splen
did time was enjoyed by the large
delegation present.
a
The verdict was dj complete
Torstenson of the sijmy calumny
since the time of the robbery of
November 30th, 192b, and the
not and never was a scintilla of
iscious insinuations that have
urer Torstenson and the present
county. *
Case Handled In Masterly Fashion
The case was handled for Treasur
jTorstenson in a masterly manner
by special attorneys Paul Babcock,
and Sen * Louis Donovan, of Shelby,
and p oun ty Attorney Erickson of
Sheridan county, ably assisted by
Attorney Davidson of the Attorney
General's office, who gave their best
talent in the case, as was necessary,
£° meet the batt ery of attorneys, the
nest that money could hire, in
P. ersons of Attorney George Hurd and
Associates of Great Falls, of John
Brown, and S. V. Stewart of Helena
and Attorney Clauson of New'York
City, who appeared for the National
Surety Company, which battery of
insurance lawyers did their best to
defeat the taxpayers of Sheridan
county. *
Case Called Tueé,ay ' 0ctober 1»
v îî e cas ^' ^ hl( ? g ^ ew out of ™ the
stenson, by two n m askecT bandits ° r
the af ! eraoon of November 30th, at
j b i°i Ut 0: - 45 p ' ï 1 ** °î $, 46 > 000 and some
dollars in cash and $55,000 in bonds
Sp byX'varfo^ bankst thTcoS?
ty as securities for county deposits,
and some bonds owned by the county,
m ° Stly county bonds > and made theh
getaway, and the refusal of the Na
tiona! Surety Company, to pay its
burglary insurance policy covering
s J ame ' <»me on for trial about
Tuesday noon, October 18th.
The Jury was Ql^^dy selected and
the trial started immediately. The
? irst part of the ? ase was consumed
ln P rov mg the existence of the poli
C Y- Gus Riba and Will Erickson of
I the Riba State Bank were called and
j testified to the issuance of the policy
and were followed by Wm. Ashton of
i Helena who was the assistant state
j manager 0 f the National Surety Co
at Helena when the policies were is
|suedandwhotestifiedthathehadis
sured the policies. Hart, the Surety
company agent at Helena testified
that the policies had been issued il
legally by Ashton who had no author
ity to isues policies but admitted
der ersos examination that he thot at
tbe Ashton had authority to is
the
on
un
Progressive Farmer-Labor Rallies
•ALL EVENING MEETINGS
Come Out and Hear Them
EVERYBODY INVITED
Outlook—Friday Evening, October 26.
Redstone and Comertown—Saturday evening, Oct. 27.
Medicine Lake—Monday evening, October 29th
Reserve—Tuesday evening, October 30th.
Quitmeyer Precinct—Wednesday evening, October 31
Westby—Thursday evening, November 1st
Dagmar —Friday evening, November 2nd
Dooley—-Saturday evening, November 3rd
Plentywood—Monday evening, November 5th
i
1
Torstenson
vindication of County Treasurer
that has been heaped upon him
the treasury on the evening of
entire trial disclosed that there is
evidence on which to base the
been made against County Treas
administration of Sheridan
ma
*
sue policies but found out too late
that he did not have.
Mr. Ashton testified that he had
issued hundreds of bonds and poli
cies.
so
Gus Riba was the local agent of the
National Surety company and Win.
Erickson, cashier of the Riba State
bank, wrote the application for the
policies. Erickson testified that he de
livered the policies to Torstenson
received the premium which he
mitted to the National Surety Co.
Riba testified that he solicited the
business.from Torstenson upon a let
ter from the National Surety Co. tell
ing him of "the Sheridan County bur
Tf, ly ,? olicy . and to ste P and get
it. Mr. Riba did. The court over
ruled company contentions that the
policies were not lawful.
Deputy State Examiner F. E. Wil
liams testified that he had examined
the county treasurer's office in the
Iatt f r L part of September, 1926, and
that he verified the cash and securi
ties on hand with the records and
found everything correct. Also that
the records were kept in accordance
with law and as prescribed by the
amimng department,
R. A. Lathom, deputy state exam
m er, testified that he was ordered by
his department to examine the re
cords of the county treasurer after
the robbery and that he arrived in
Plentywood on December 2nd or. 3rd.
that he made a thorough investiga
tion and that his checking showed
the loss to be the same as that shown
by the treasurer's bo^ks. That he
found that at the time of the robbery,
the amount of deposit in the banks
were up to and in some instances ov
er the amount of collaterals furnish
^ be bank s. That the treasurer
had been instructed by his depart
ment not to deposit in excess of se
curities. He further testified that
the books of the office were kept
according to law and as directed bv
his department. Lathom also testi
fied that in the course of his exam
ination he looked through the priv
ate papers of Torstenson that
in the safe but found nothing there
ami
re
ex
were
(ContTnued on Last Pare)
Successful Hunter Goes
On Wild Goose Chase
A most enjoyable wild goose din
ner was given at the home of Mr.
and Mrs. R. E. Farris, due to the
remarkable ability of Stan Palubicki
as a hunter; who, it is said after
shooting the goose, was obliged to
run it down. The hunter
able to be present at the dinner, due
to a "wild goose" chase to Billings.
The table was laid for ten.
guests including Mr. and Mrs. Paul
Kurtz, Mr. and Mrs. Frank Fishbeck,
Mr. and Mrs. Jack Ayers and .Mr.
and Mrs. Ray Gould of Great Fails.
w r as un
The
_ _. , . , ,
, be .t Ue cair, -X a co? tumes passed out
. y , }• o committee and streamers, con
..w h0Tn8 '. )a 1 oon j ! and ab tiiat goes
Ä™' ™ Up a true carm '
Katz, imbued with the
to th< P feet with thepeppiest
1 At
At midnight numbers x^re drawn
« ItX S
^hle— o beautlful
fteii" tUÎSSK nS
t l hal i wa f won ,. b >, , Mr • p «-1
hau-h the ' °° r amp by Mrs ' Stam '
Âf the end of the danee the frolic
ers reluctantly left • the hall having
enjoyed another of those fine dances
D. OF H. DANCE DREW
WELL PACKED HOUSE
The carnival dance given at the
Farmer-Labor Temple Saturday eve
uing by the Degree of Honor lodge
.of Plentywood drew hundreds of peo
ple from all parts of Sheridan and
adjacent counties.
At midnight it was estimated that
about 5C0 peopie were in the hall en
joying the festivities.
The merrymakers xvere clothed in
V 4 . 1 . 1 , . ,, . i
for which the local D. of H. lodge
1S Æ mOUS - j <> •
The wonderful time had at this
nance will no doubt bring out the,,
lovers of a good time, in still greate
numbers at the Carnival Dance giv
en by the Progressive Farmers, Hal
lowe'en night, Oct. 31.
w T as a
Wm after
The Producers News acknowl-1
D. McGilvery of Redstone
Plentywood visitor Thursday
noon,
eges a pleasant call.
Progressive Farmers
Make Endorsements
—R ecommendations
No Recommendation Made as to Presidential Candidates.
County Independent Ticket Given Full Endorsement. Some
Recommendations Made As to State Candidates. Dixon v
Rankin, Angstman, Judge Paul, Maury, Green and Bour^
quin Favorites of the Meeting.
The Progressive Fanners of Sheridan cöunty, through its
tral organization are announcing their decision regarding the po
litical situation at their general meeting which was held in Plen
tywood recently. Members of the Progressive Farmers orgaml
zation w ere present from all parts of Sheridan county. Also a
large number of visiting members from Roosevelt and Dâniêîs
counties were present and participated in the discussion.
Cen
j
i
;
|
tit j i -. Ä
On Wednesday evening, October 31
there will be a carnival dance at the
Farmer-Labor Temple. People frefin
al! parts of Sheridan county are plan
ning to attend this affair. Old and
new time dances will be the order of
the evening. This dance is held un
der the auspices of the Progressive
Farmers of Sheridan county and the
committee on arrangements report
they are doing everything possible
to make this the most enjoyable ;
event of the season. Confetti, bal
loons, hats, horns, everything that
will make the frolic a success. Joe
Kavon will be there with his accordi
on, Otto Donaldson, Carl Lund, Al
bert Almberg will be there to offici-1
ate at the old time waltzes and
square dances. A. F. Ziebarth has
consented to take charge of the
square dances and he will probably
be assisted by a number of the other
old timers of the county. The com
mittee reports that three orchestras
have been arranged for. Al Kurtz
will be there with his Go-Get-Ers.
Marion Mitchell will have his Hallow
e'en Krazy Katz on the job and the
old timers above mentioned will fur
nish the old time music.
BIG TIME COMING
HALLOWE'EN NIGHT
COUNTRY DINNER
SERVED IN CITY
The members of the Plentywood
Bench Laides Aid will serve a chick
en dinner at Peterson's Hardware on
Saturday, November 8. All having
attended this annual affair held at
the Olsen school house in former
years, need not be told of its merits.
Come, bring your family and friends
—Committee.
with you.
DIXON CAMPAIGNS
WITH SCHNITZLER
Helena, Oct. 22.—(Special)—State
Senator J. W. Schnitzler, Montana's
republican national committeeman,
known throughout the nation as
"Montana's Flying Farmer" has cov
ered more than 5,000 miles thus far
during the campaign in his Mono
coupe plane equipped with Velie mo
tor. To aid Joseph M. Dixon, candi
date for the United States senate, in
making long jumps in his itinerary,
Sen. Schnitzler has offered him the
use of the machine.
On a recent trip to Washington, D.
€., where Sen. Schnitzler and Mr.
Dixon conferred with Herbert Hoov
er and other republican leaders, they
enjoyed the long airplane flight from
Chicago to Minneapolis on their re
turn trip. Hence, with time a factor
in making his itinerary, Mr. Dixon
expects to travel by air between Mon
tana points with Pilot Titus Richards,
who has been employed by Senator
Schnitzler for two yearis, handling the
stick. While Sen. Schnitzler himself
is an ardent aviator, capable of hand
ling his own planes, the ship is left
in charge of Richards who has a rec
lord of some (5,C00 hours in the air
gained during seven years of flying
expeiience. Eastern newspapers have
headlined Sen. Schnitzler as "Mon
( tjna's Flying Farmer" and told the
Ôn Ms°i 2 ,ooo ac^rsurrounding Froid
I ^"SSbert 1 'HooveM^afe as far as
a substantial Montana majority is
| concemed," said Senator Schnitzler
I £? Ä
| Hoover majority in this state would
: Ä, Äto thS
figure. Men who were giving odd!
! J bat A1 Sr r^ th would carr Y the state
ÄÄ 7Ä5
odds,
I have recently covered the east
cm portion of the state to the lower
Yellowstone and the northern
| ties," continued Mr. Schnitzler,
have traveled through Valley, Dan
iels, Rosebud, Sheridan and McCone
counties and last night flew as lUr
1 as Harlem,
coun
1
The lower Yellowstone
and the entire sheep and cattle dis
j tricts in that vicinity are strong for
j Herbert Hoover and republican tariff
protection. The voters are
strong for Dixon and Rankin.
equally
The
(Continuea on Last T-age)
resolutions committee was au
pointed with instructions to bring -n
three resolutions, expressing the sen
timents of the membership regarding
thee ounty, state and national politi
cal situation. After recess the reso
lutions committee made its report.
Regarding the national political
situation the committee recommended
that the Progressive Farmers!
Sheridan county make no end or se
ment regarding the of presi
dent. It seemed to be the unanimous
opinion of the membership present
that neither Hoover nor Smith would
represent the producing class. This
resolution was unanimously adopted,
Resolution No, 2 regarding the coun
ty officials, which recommended that
the membership give its whele aup
port and endorsement to the entire
Independent ticket endorsed bv the
joint convention of the Progressive
Farmer-Labor forces, was unanimous
ly adopted,
of
Resolution No. 3, pertaining to tne
state political situation was adopted.
In this tesolution it was expressed
that on account of the absence of
Independent candidate or Farmer-La
bor candidate the Progressve Farm
ers of Sheridan should throw their
support to the following candidates:
Joseph M. Dixon, U. S. ■
Republican ticket.
Albert H. Angstman, associate jus
tice, Republican ticket.
H. L. Maury, chief justice, Demo
cratic ticket.
John J. Green, associate justice.
Democratic ticket, Ï
Wellington D. Rankin,
Renublican ticket.
George Bourquin, attorney general.
Democratic ticket.
S. E. Paul, Judge 29th judicial dis
trict, Republican ticket.
an
Senator,
governor.
Ralph Heppner left the hospital
Monday for his home after having
an operation for ruptured appendix
two weeks ago.