THE OGDEN STANDARD-EXAMINER MONDAY EVENING, OCTOBER 11, 1920.
I Idealism Dominant
S In Fiunie's Charter
Full Copy of D'Annunzio'a Constitution
Reaches Here and Reveals Last Word
in Theories About Human Rights
BT WILLIAM J. GUARD
FOUR weeke urn the cltlastlfl of the et.y
ot Flume, the picturesque little SO
I ml it tho hpnil of the Qunrneo
H . the northeastern termination of ti
tdriatie ae. upon which th whole world's
Mtontlofl wi InealliiPd by It virtual Selsurt
ni H occupation year ago fnm last Mm
b) Italy's nviator-warrlor-leclslaloi -
i ct Oniiric.'o d'Annunala and oami i
-nine fi.COO vr (J.pnO ad venturous you'ha who
V hnically domTtod the regular Italian
Army to enrui- 'hmvM n D'Annunslo's
'. fciMiixri, 11( f'jjmv of tta.lv. road on the
Walls portl which maid.
A Potr on Fium' Wall
Ihe Commandants this evening at tl
aim Venice, will hne the hodui to rend
lL t! ' people the text of tho draft of a no a
im f organisation of tho Frco ytau- r
r..injf. Thus the citizens will 'be enabled
i.i Vain by 'he word of mouth of tho Com
n., .nd. into the terms ot the promised projee
Wflch afterward will ho submitted to exum
!net.'on and approval of tne city authorities 1
l Needless to say that Commandunte 1? tn
. by which Flume's Chief of State 'S
k own a title, by the way. which, while I'
m. ) Invite the sneers of his enemies, Is
Kl ried tn by his followers and admirer?.
Al. Fiume turned out thai Monday even
ing August 30 but It was only u small par:
O Hi' crowd that could net into the thoau;
Fl nlthuiigh It holds 4 000 Commandant?
'' d Annunzlos appearance evnUed the U9U i
"SnHn demonstration of enthusiasm, which was
HMmI Dewed when ho concluded bin introductorv
HH8I re arks with the words:
HI l or Flume of tlaly! For its annexation
Hjl at oi. or inter' For the Regency of Cnr-
I na.1 i i .
I 1 1. ni. utallv Mala! ihi rebel yell
HHajl the IVAnnumelo iegionartes. When or how
iHKfl it originated I don't know for nohoJy eon-
Hflfi to)! me It Is one probably to spontaneou-i
2", e.roilonal combustion
V Then came Ihe Important business of the
HHD evening the public disclosure of the tOXl
HHJ of rin- proposed constitution a constitution
HHHj which It had been forecast was to be the
HHH erj last word, the most advanced, the most
1 nnti- " nth i im the most progressively lib
IHl oral. Ihe most utihtorlo-ldcolistlc . most eon-
.-er 'al ive-radlcal in a word, the very
'j ii. ' oust tut l.ws'
Hs For onlv a lew months ago. when I ha I
L the Interesting opportunity to visit Flume
HflB and talk With Cbnimandante D'Annunlo In
T jillSt the beautiful palace where formerly Austro-
'Bb WiiDfrtan governors ruled as representa-
live of tin-- fallen Hopsburg dj naat) did not
-vfHut ou' r'f-r0 who lias discarded the laurel ami
Bl the iy for the Senatorial tojra etnarlt
H n
V, ' I have great faith in the constitution
B Which i am sketching. ecause I have out-
Hflfl linen it to'li to a Bolshevik and to a Pesc-
H nil fl'terally a 'shrk' or do flsh'V is
gMH we Italians call our 'profiteers.' Both gave
rfjj it their approval! What more could I or
gJSflB any one else ask? '
Here Follows D'Annunzio'j Constitution
Hf A i-opy of D'Abnunalo's caperK awaited
B constitution has just arrived in New York.
Hjff nent b) the poet -slatsman's most eloquent
n( effective proponent In Italy, Benuo.
j&llW Mussolini, the editor of the Fopolo d'ltalia
BRV of Milan. Elver) now and then ome one or
WJmC1 other of the States of our Union decides
t that it needs a new constitution and forth-
H wltt fircceeds to draft one For this reason
B If for no other. It may be worth while brleflv
H to summarize the articles of this thoroughly
jflH up to dale document, conceived and cast
I:rto legal form by Italy s greatest living
literal y genius, who ceitalnly has demon
'.'rated (c the world that he is quite as i aie
an aerla! warrior as he Is daring Ir. hir
flights of Imagination.
The D'Annunzio constitution first of all
i proclaims the basis of the State, which Is io
r.: knovn as tne Italian Regency of the
Crnaro which with the "free city of Flume"
and the soverign peopb as centre, shall In
clude all its railroads and the entire port
to which may be added such adjacent com
munes T.oal and maritime and such Islands
whose traditions Indicate their Ttaltanlsm as
i -sire . unite with Ihe newly formed State
The Gover-imenl shall he a Government of
the people a true rc$ popull Involving the
larpest possible liberty in its most varied
forms "as It was understood and enjoyed '
says the text "In the four glorious centuries
of Flume 5 life as a Commune."
j ;,. sovereignty is recognized and con ft mcd
iy all citizens without regard of 6ex.' race,
language, social or other class or religion;
hut It especially exalts above all other
rights the rights of the producers Ten
dencies toward ccntraliz-ition of power shall
he checked. Free play for the greatest
diversity must provide for the invlgoratJon
nd enriching of the common life. Popular
rights and liberty shall bo vigorously safe
guarded. Mutual order shall be maintained
y iilsi Ipline and justice. The Government
.'hall constantly aim to elevate the dignity
ir.d Increase 'he prosperity of tin citizenry.
Sf that to be admitted to citizenship in
the Regency of Carnaro shall he regarded
( as acceptance of a title of nobility and an
v hor.or o' high distinction, as It was to be-
tonie a civ is Rornanus in classic days.
Free Speech, Free Preu, Free Religion.
Liberty of thought, liberty of the pres.?, of
assembly, and of association are guaranteed.
E ry form of rclislon ts allowed and re
belled and permitted to erect church or
lemple, but no citizen can plead ills tult as
an excuse to escape his civic duties. The
statutes also shall guarantee to all citizens
of l oth sexes primary school Instruction in
we. l 'ugbted. sanitary buildings: proper phys
'ca raining, amplo labor with minimum
wages based on the cost of decent living,
pecuniary assistance In case of infirmity
and involuntary disoccupatlon ; old age pen
sions, the use of wealth legitimately ac
. lulled, the inviolability of domicile, habea
orpus and compulsory damages in case of
Judicial errors or abuse of official authority.
'The State." continues the constitution
fand Just here It Is difficult to see how the
Bolshevist and tho Profiteer both could have
:.pproved) "does not recognize property us
ho absolute ownership by the person of
the thing, but considers It aa the most useful
if
,,( frnr ini Functions. No fjroperty can be re
served hr the Individual c thoutfh It wore bis
apnrtl nor nhnll It b legal for any neKllgent
preprletei to lat It remain Idle or uso It dis
hdvantageoualy to ihp of any other
person. Tho nolo legitimate tttlo to owner
hip of nny tnenn of production or trade It
laboi Labor nlorio U matter of tho sus
stance rendered mont fiultful and most pryf
Itahle In the penprgl lntert."
The port of Flume the railroad s'.;tlor.
ond 'he miii oh. In wltiiln tho territorial con
flnen nro declai-yd the perpetual and Inalien
able properly of tho State, hut amplo con
cessions nro made for the freedom of com
merce. Industry und najtntlon to foielK3er!i
on tho aaniv footing as to citizens. A Nn
'l.inl Bunk of Carnaro Will by established,
which shall luo paper muncy and condui.'
Ril Other operations of credit The statu .
and regulation of oristlng banks tn F!um
wl io dulj uab.".shed by hw Forelsrri
capital will bo liberally safeguarded.
Thru forcoa." Bays the constitution, "CO
ord'nate In the organlzatiou pf the Stute no
a whole, tl) The Clflzenry i2) the Corpora
Uons: i3 ihe Communes" The first ahsll
include all citizens horn, naturalized by re
quest or honorary. Twenty Is the agf f
maturity. Any one of such age or over Is
,l glble to ofto- Among those to be deprived
i c.'tMl ilirhls are "IncorrlgibK-s, parasltr-s
and charge on the community, unless in
capable because of illness or old age" i No
votv for the Idle rich' or the lazy poor !-,
D'Annunzlana :
Phe State." In D'Annunxlo's wdrda "is the
."i ntmon 'vlll and common and constant effoi "
of the firople toward a loftier degree of mav
i lul and spiritual vigor Only the aaslduotis
producer of tin community's wealth and the
,'slduous creator nf the community's powe
In the republic la a complete Itlzen What
wr IUVJ O'- U" ,"11 r. Will i I II I 1 1 1 B O I ' I (J
i . id I or genius, ol industry or ar of direr
;ion or execution- each shall be inscribed i'
one of the ten corporations."
Hume' Ten Corporations.
Then D'Annunzio proceeds to define 'h,16
eo.-poruilons. to one of which cveiy voter
Ti s iicion; oi forfeit his civic right
I 'age earners In Industry, agricultufo.
commerce irsnnortutlon. artisan and
rn'mll fii'rmere who o their wn work
'J. Technic il coi) and sdmlnistrxtor In
private companies or husines. i proprietor
exv luded i
3 Kini'lav ecj. in eominerclal business who
are not in the labor class
I Bmplo.'. ers of labor who are not meiely
opr'etors or eooroor k-toi s. but who ac
tuaily corduei i j business in which they
are Interested and who th-icfore .-re useful
members of society, according to the D'An
nunzlan Idea
' A'! employe. in 'he public service.
The linell.-ctuiil dower of the people"
io quoie th- words of the constitution) .
studious youth and ihe instructors, tea. ti
ers and pupils of the pttbllr schools an.,
students of the highei institutions of learn
ing ; sculptois. painters decorators, archl
i -is musicians, and all who Devote ibtin
selves to the iir. arts, scenie arts and orna
mental arts
T All who belong io lller.;l professions'
who aie not Included .n thy sixth rorpnrtt
tlon. 8. Cooper..ti.' societies of production, of
la bat, of consumption Industrial and agra
rian to be lepresentcd by the administra
tors of these organizations
9. Sailors and those who make their llv
iv).; off the sea
10
Here the tOUaUtUtion become sjpocalyptlt
l ist tvhat it means nueh nnui In Ia i v.r-
tilm&elt 1 shall try to "do It Into' English.
The tenth corporation." it say. "bai
i either art nor number jr vvnrJ Ps com
plci'on i awaited as that of the tenth MliM
)' ii reserved for the mvsierlous forces '.
be jicople n travail and in ascent. on '
is like a votive figure dedicated to ihe nr. -k'tOWn
genius, to the appearance ot the new
Bid man. to the ideal transfiguration ot
Utors and days, to the complete liberation
c.f the sf n it frcm painful anxietv ano bloo.iv
sweat. It is represented in the blvlc sane
ttiary by a burning lamp bearing inscribed
r.T'j-eon an ancietu Tuscan saying ot ifn
ppoch of the Communes, a vvondeful nlhi
Sli n to a spiritualized form of human labo
"Fallca aenzo Fatica"- "Worlc wlttiou'
Work" Perhaps It might be expressed
"Work that Is Joy."
Each of these corporations shall be self
governing and shall function as did the on!
guild! of the Middle Ases Furthermore
'.nch shall elect fiom its members at ;ca.-t
five delegates to a legislative body to tie
known as the Qontifflio ri Proi vUiori. which
shaT ncf exceed slxtv In number and whoas
term of office is two years. Twice a ear
tl ey must meet to consider legislation deal
ing with commercial and maritime affair
labor, public works, transportation, customs
tariff, banking arts and trades.
Two Legislative Bodies.
The other legislative body of the Begem y
shall be known as the Consi'jlio dipgH Ottiml
elected for terms of three years by Indlvidui)
s'.iffiage, In the proportional systOtn. without
' 'ass restriction one repr.sentation for ei v
thiusano eligible voters They shall handle
questions dealing with the civil and penal
ode the police national defence, higher
1 ublic instruction, tho lino arts and rala
ticn.' between the State and the autonomous
Communes into which the latter shal! oo
s.ibft vided. This body must meet at least
once a year. Like the CovsinHo di Pioi
lisorf it must make Its discussions and
sessions a3 brief as possible "con brcttfo
piceameifV roncita." to quote D'Annunxlo's
actual phrase. It remains to be seen if this
e fiusc oi the new Fiume constitution will
ecjiial In effectiveness or compare in' popu
larity with the Eighteenth Amendment 10
our Constitution which, let me hasten to
wJ has no counterpart in the D'Annunzio
e.eslgn
Ones a year the councils will nold a Joint
session, to be known as the Arengo del Car
naro. which shall deal with foreign lelations
finance and the treasury, advanced educa
tion and any proposed reform or amendment
( t the constitution.
Executive power will he entrusted to . , n
Rectors, of whom the Rectors of Foreign
Affaire. Finance and Public Instruction ure
elected by the Joint assembly; tho Rectors
m s
... !
y
!
I '
I I ;
r i CHArtD ,,Orb Y H QK, I . POL SB - PATRIOT
ir .ati n..: .vitiu-. ot Justice anil m na
tional Def nee bv the Cxttfttptto drpli Oltimi,
v Mle the Comtiglln dci I'roi tixori elect the
I lectors or Public Keonomy and of Labor.
The Rector Of Foreign Affairs assumes the
title of First Rector, becoming thereby head
1 the State or. rather as the constitution
sa si primus inter pnrrs. The ,-rectorr
in v lr chosen annually and may he re
elected, to succeed themselves but
though again eligible after a year out of
Oil l e
In addition to these qfriclals PAnnunrlo
creates ; hotly known as the livnm I'omini.
wl nr- elected i the voters of the -om-mitnca
and act n minor magistrates; an
other body, th- labor hidges, to settle dis
putes bet wen employees nnd employers
a veil as thf usual civil and cr-minal law
courts.
Should the Kegcnry he m danger the
National Counril this .iint Assembly
may select a comma nda rite who shall have
dictatorial power icncwahle or revocable
In six months, as was the case in ancient
Rome. An- cir-eM v eilgible. There slu.l!
be no standing; army hut universal military
braining frr males, while all young women
n usf take a course In hospital nursing and
amoultnce worM
Special attention Is paid to duration
Kverv child mut bq (aughl Italian of
...nise. inn fhiidren also must learn mv
rthsr langunires In use In th!r commutie
'"'at Sl'-vene. Serb or German, as the case
r-.v be but nothing piust he neglected o
maintain Latin culture, which Is called the
great humanising force Ample provision is
made for schools of art of ovorv kind and
tor a university of the first rank. From
uch msl it ul Ions questions f religion or
I olltldq aie absolutely excluded.
La.VS ehactVd l.v the Councils may be
jected h n majority vote of the citizens
M.a i:ivs may be initialed popul.irlv . sup
ported by a quarter of the registered voters.
Officers' can be recalled also by a majority
vote of the electors.
An Important body having supervision
over all building operations and general
it. itecial Improvement In the city and State
If tin- ppllept Ediles. The bmutlflcatiOja
of Ihe cityhall he their object, n jt forget
Hn such other Important elements s s,ml
tary homes and work shops, clear. Streets
and ; on. They are to encourage the
ir.. ing element to look to the emb llish
mcnl of their dwellings.
Finally D Ahnunzio provides for the culti
vation of Flume's musical taste by Instltpt
Pig m each commune a Choral Corps am'
.mi orchestra to be subventionwd i the
Sttatc, and a great rotunda is directed to be
L ull tor the use of these organizations
"ihe sre.it i horal and o, i bestial eeiehra
I .j.s concludes the ..institution "shall
be lofaily free -as ihe fathers ol the Church
would say free a the grace of God."
S1 i'!i are The main pomts In the D' n
moan ion: titution or the State of Carnaro.
whose freedom and autonomy the famous
Ro :- viatoi -I.m.sl.itoi -.W irrioi pro. aimed
September ! last, three days before the an
n vc-sary of his entry with his legionaries.
Meanwhile the world at large ami Italv
and ihe JugOr Slavs in particular are wait
kuj to s-po just how the schi'me. will work
and low much nearer it wlH bring a solu
tion of the troublesome "Adriatic question,"
,n touching which (Jncio Sam so painfully
burnt his lingers. It will also be interesting
lust bow bhg H A nnun.io s Rol
shevjk anrl Profiteer friends will continue
to deebfe i be work bf the pbel turned
- ialci man. "admirable! "
Adollp metanlprphosjsd Into a Modern
yiofces should furnish the world with both
, rtahiment and instruction
Three Unusual Nature Stories,
One Tihrilling, the Others Odd
IN Jaan there are established firms of
firefly dealers, each employing sixt:
or seventy catchers- and exportfjHg
tliclr catch chieflv to the large cities where
fireflies: T.re aujuncts to all grades of social
festivity, from the private garden parties
" .obles an evening at a cheap ten car
don. Bomct'oaes they are kept caged, some
times released in swarms in ihe presenci n)
the guests.
Ihe firefly hunter slurts forth at sunsei
v. ith a lor.g bamboo pole an'' a bag h'
mo t i.ettlng On reaching a sult.ii
growth of widows near water he makes
ready his net and strikes the hra riches,
twinkling with the Jnsects. with his pole
This Jars them 'o the ground where they
a-e easily gathered up But It must be done
very rapidly, bofore they recover themselves
enough to fly. So the skilled catcher.
f-.pr.ring no time to put them at once Into
the bag uses' both hands to pick them up
an tosses them lightly into his mouth
There he holds them unharmed until he
can hold no more and only then transfers
them to the bag.
He works . thus until about 2 o'clock
it. the morning, when the insects leave the
ti see for the i.evvy soil. He then changes
hi method. He" brushes the surfaco of the
ground with light broom to startle the
ins ets int light, then he gathers them as
before. An expert has been known to gather
3.000 in a night.
Besides ' In,-, a business, firefly catching
Is .. sport. ".Ittle girls pursuf It with their
fans, boys with wands to which a wisp of
arn Is 'astened. Nor do the elders disdain
to Join the sport Thev also organize f. sii
v al parties to visit certain spots long known
and famous, to witness the beautiful spec
taele of the fireflies swarming. Special
trains, carrying thousands of visitors, are
rrn during the season to I'll, the most re
nowned, to behold the Hotara-Kassen. or
Firefly Battle
Myriads of fireflies hovering over a gentle
river so swarm and cling together that they
appear :.t ono time like a luminous cloud,
egaln like a great hall of sparks. Cloud or
ball, the wonder soon breaks and thousands
of the fallen Insccta drjft with the stream
while now swarms form, reform and sparkle
irpntlntidusly above the water So marvellous
is the sight that a Japanese poet wrote
"Do I see only fireflies drifting with the'
Current, or Is the night Itself drifting, with
all Its swarming stars?"
As a rule orangoutangs, the fier-'t-st of
the afes, are caught young and
tamed before they aie Shipped ,n
Kur.ope and the Ignited Slates i mo of ihese
aiumul that arrived In London came with
iic best of characters He was considered
v ry tame, steady going creature, aud an
pert was engaged to photograph him.
I be man entered the orang's cage as no
had entered many ethers He had not SX
fosed many plates before he saw thai the
animal was Intent on mischief. He was a
vi ry powerful bca.st. and tin- man would
have stood no chance al all if the orang
had attacked him.
The man's only cbanco was to use the
i amera as a weapon Making a sign to the
keeper to ke'ii silent, the photographer
: olnted his hand camera at the orang and
with alow and steady step approached him.
The keeper was outside the door ready 'o
open it; but neither of them uttered a sound.
The photoura phcr was reheved to see the
orang graduallv retreat and at the same
Hint tn be able to riso from the crouched
Pl.d menacing position In- had i ikon once
till drSatUn was on the move the man knew
he had a ha.nct. He succeeded In working
ilia prang around to tho corner furthest
from the door, welch the keeper had silently
und slowly opened Still pointing his cain
cra at the bedst the man very slowly backed
out of tho cage, the door was slammed to
ano he was safe.
THE mistral Is n famous wind which
blows cold and strong in Southeast
ern France. In the districts where
It prevails tho trees all lean toward the
southeast and tho gardens must be pro
tected on the northwest side from which
the wind comes, by lofty walla.
One winter In Marseilles a carriage !n
I, ih a woman was driving vvaa blown
bcdlly Into a canal by tho mistral nnd both
the lady and the horso were drowned In
consequence of this accident and of othi
raanlfeslatlona of the power of thin de
structive wind orders were Issued ;hat no
vehicles should bo allowed to drive olong
sioe the canals or the watorfront of tho
harbor while a mistral win blowing.
-
I
Poland elcomes H
Americas Syi lpathy H
Richard Ordynski, Noted Stage Director Who
Fought Reds as a Private, Tells of
His Country's Aspirations
I .ZlBBfifvis knew how sympothetl-
0y evorythlng from this treat
country is tpproclated In Poland they
might feel proud with reason All orts t
propaganda, the aim of which was to mako
ihe Poles believe that America was the dollar
nation and without high ideals, have been
defeated there by this Innate syuapalhv
which renders an understanding between two
distant nations possible. We have felt the
cieat heart and charity of your countrj but
while we treasure It most hlghlv we feel
ven stronger that America, with nothing
to gain that Is. with no mercenary motive
to exploit looks upon our efforts for an
honorable peace with a deep sympathy "
Thl- wa? said by Richard Ordv'nskt. a well
known theatrical producer, who ended with
!at seaSQS a period of w ork in his profession
here, and went back to Poland to do what he
could for his own cduntry In her hour of
need.
Poland' Ainu and Ideals.
"The fact of my having been In America
SO long that I ought to have learned the
ways of the people, really to know them
made me almost an Important person in the
minds of my fellow Poles," he continued
'They are anxious to have America under
stand them and to realize that the Polish
people and the Polish Government have n.
desire to wage a war of aggrandizement.
The land yearns for peace. Wc know that
we serve as a bulwark between civilization
ind Bolshevism Throw It down and the
l hevlkl will overrun Germany and lta'y
We fighl for the prevention of that disaster
simultaneously as we battle for our nation
safety.
"This has been said before, but I do no'
eli everybody In Ameilea has heard It
Poland is so far away, and what" do you
know about the Poles? The majority have
If nd the names of PadereWSki and Mar. ell
iiembrlcb; they have read a translation or
i a "1 the work ol our novelists but this is
about a" Now, we have a great dramatic
and poetic literature! but it is a closed book
,n Ainerir i. And the ideals of our peopr
never reach you.
"Poland sighs for peace. Grateful as she
i- foi all America has done in charity for
our peopl. It i. m.t , haiity we ajTk now. but
understanding The Bolshevik element
would prevent our ever arriving at Ir. and
I am here to do what I can to offset their
oangerous and vicious propaganda I ar
rived on the 12th. have spent a week In
Washington and return after a week In
X' w i oi k I hav e spent mv lime telling
those who are interested What 'he present
condition of Poland Is."
When Ordynski returned last spring In
Poland it was with the Intention of found
ing a great international theatre of drama,
opera and the dance which should function
between .the two countries Poland and
America. A project of building an immense
theatre where these entertainments were to
In shown hese was one of the plans of
some influential theatrical investors Bn'
he had onlv to reach Warsaw to real
ize hat all such plans were premature and
that he, hke all the rest of Poland's able
patriots bad a first tiling to do. That was
i fighl Everything must wait until the
murderous ho-de of savages from Russia,
burning harvests, extirpating villages kill
ing women and hildron. ffr -'riven back
into their fastnesses.
Ordynski at the Front.
i joined the army at once and. of cours
as a private I was at the front during
our worst days the beginning of the retreat
anrl of the loss of morale by our weary, dls
heartei 1 soldiers There is a great ma,n in
Poland Pilstidskl. He knew that the retreat
must be protracted but some steps must be
taken to rekindle life in the army
"Then it was that I was sent for bv the
ii i iithe and I old of plans to hearten the
rimy I related what t knew of the wav
American artists had done this for her sol-
0 er In France, and the response was irr.
MMl&tC Every actor, singer, dancer, --.tage
if.rpenter, scene painter all the able bodied
ri e 6f the theatres of Warsaw moblllcd at
once Their first wish was to f.gh the
ri'iny and their second to bring cheer to th
overburdened anny The two ould ver
will be harmonized, and at once troupe- of
a tors were sent to the front, to camps, ti
iii sp.tals. prepared to entertain. The womea
o the companies went to work in canteens
and In the hospitals. There was a full an.1
enthusiastic indorsement by the theatrics
piofessions of the War Offices ideas. An 1
tiiey wore carried out.
"What was true of Warsaw was equally
,.ae of the theatres of the other rities.
1 racoW, Lemberg. Posen and Lodz. Sol
d r were made of the younger actors even
boys going eagerly to the front and their
. era dividing themselves between the wprx
cf the soldier and lhat of the actor
Actors Decline Pay
"The Imperial Theatre in Moscow w.m
fatten over by the War Office and renamed
ill Municipal Theatre a name that It Will
continue to hear. Opera and dra.na ars
uiv. 'i there the former under the direction
of Emil Mlynarsjci and the plays being di
rected bj Jan Lorentoler The War OfhVe
i ii' n d to subsidize the house, but the acloi-s
'i lined to receive, salary and ga ve their ser-
.. freely II was then decided to reserve
St each performance 600 places for soldier
who were given free admission, and the
it'c-i expenses of the house were made up
t v the sale of tickets. The house was packed
for every performance.
"Tho actors of the Polish Theatre In War
es were no behind. They also gave ihelr
services In this house I produced Boota
Tarkington'a play Clarence.' which the au
thor gavt us free of royalty, and I am taking
over Avery Hopwoods Fair ard Warmer'
to p it it on nt oner
"You see, we needed amusing plays for
the soldiers. They dollghtod in "Clarence,
nnd felt that they were setting from it a
I ffl 63
i.
i-
senulna knowledge of thr big heart of I,1
America I ne rarely scan a play received j
o enthusiastically On odd nlghte whea j
other play were given tho ar.tom carrlel
Clarence.' tcencry and coatumea and all. up
to the lines to entertain the eoldlers. The
actora never complained of any hardship, 1
however great and no fatigue stood in the 1
way of their glv Ing the Pollah troops of their
best. !
Thle work will be continued even aftor I
the conditions of an armistice are arrived at
If the musical comedy performers among the
agents of I.enlne ever reach any. for it will I
he a Ions time before Poland will get back t
to a normal atate of living. j
it Is impossible for me to tell -ou so that
vou mav understand the difficulties in our j
way You do not appreciate, not having seen
the, effects of war. what happened to Poland
When Ihe armies of Germany and Russia If
were campaigning there. Immediately after T
"i" armistice ol lsis our people went to
work A great harvest was expected even
that first year It arrived this year, but do
not forget that the vast eastern territory I
where grains grew and were approaching J
)iarve.st!ng waa utterly ruined -by the Bol- I
shevlki. Wherever they went they destroyed f
everything Jei m Warsaw!1 was the cry
"f their leaders to the tired and stupid Rus- l
slan soldiers 'then the war will end and !l
will have everything vou need to mak JH
ybu rich and happy." t
"Thank God, they never reached Warsaw.
The recognition and aid of the French na-
lion prevented that But meanwhile all r
eastern Poland had been turned Into a desert. -
"Agriculturo has been carried on wherever L
possible, but our industries have perforee 1
lagged, partly owing to the way the Ger-
man armies left our Industrial cities. Lodz.
fnn inahm-a io -, t C. ....... .u ..l i
uvs, .o o "'ti; wiicoi m
ould turn was blown up, every' transmission t
belt or other device was carried away, and r
these conditions have been for a time dlf- I
flcult to surmount. Lodz is but now bolng 1
provided with tools to work with. .
Poland'i Housing Problem. if
The provision of Baldwin locomotives i
obtaincd for Poland on satisfactory credits y
through the Instrumentality of Mr Vau- 'aH
lainc was a tremendous lift and Edward
E Bouton of Baltimore, who has been living j
in Poland for the last eleven months, has JH
come (o our aid with a housing scheme for jj
emplove.--s which will considerably assist In i
one of our greatest difficulties.
"Ton may have your housing problem H
here, bS 1 read .vou have, but It cannn; com-
pare with ours The ciMes of Poland are 1
vercrowded bv the refugees thronging them
until It Is almost Impossible to tak.- even HJ
Inadeq ite '-are of them. The expense of J
renting an apartment in Warsaw to-day BBHJ
would make n American gasp Americans
h;ive aided 'is in finding means to house the
people. ..nd this is one of their most ap- HHHJ
parent aids Through It the admiration of
your countrymen has been enormous'y en- HH
hanced stranger only needs to proclaim
thai he la from America to find friends ia j
"One of our best friend has proved to be ij
the "kmerican Minister Hugh Gibson The
stn-ngth of the gratitude of we Poles to thh BHBv
fine Attn ,an not be overestimated. He i
has ieen "u frier H in our d-epest trial.
and we should regret exceedingly to sre him HHHJ
h ive us. He understands the Pole's char- H
acter and brings out in his official relations ISHHh
We nee,j friends because we need In our flHI
work of rebuilding a nation the confidence "HLVJ
.f other nations- nd until the widespread BHHi
piopagar.da which falselj says Poland is V
trying to Increase hot territories by any HH
means, tair or foul, is contradicted by I
speech of nn authoritative kind, as well as HHH
1 v our actions, we must expect some per- HHJ
eons to lew Incorrectl) our situation, in a I
word it is this: We want a breathing spell Jm
to find ourselves, to raise up our down- HHH
trodden industries, to bring all the fruits HHJ
of the eyirth out of our fields. HHHJ
America as Their Guide
"America is this unhappy nations guide HHJ
in big well as in small ways. In the J
liberty loan that we floated we imitated as HHV
well as wo vould what your country did to JH
make your loans so successful. All any one HHJ
with a plan for helping our loin along had H
to do was to point out that the method he HJ
suggested had leen in its turn acceptable HHJ
to the Americans, then It was adopted HHJ
without further discussion." H
Ordynski frankly said that one part of HBV
his work while in this country was to sav HH
ihes. things They were true and he felt H
that Americans would be glad to know that H
the new republic had taken their institu- HBV
Hons for models. In reference to the the- HHJ
at ileal situation he said: H
"It is planned to do some big things in 'I
l.oth drama and music this season, and HH
ihee will be under way before I have r- i
turned home. For instance Mlynarski Is
preparing to present In November Szy- HH
rnanowski's 'Hagith.' and later Ruzycki'f H
'Beatrice Cen. i also the lattcr's ballet- HHhI
pantomime entitled 'Pan Twardowski.'
" 'Pan Twardowski' is a legendary char- HHH
actei around whom myths have gathered in HHJ
Poland as around the character of Faust In HHH
Germany. For tin- production Zailich is di- H
rectlng the dances nnd Drabik is designing HHHJ
tin costumes and constructing the scenery. HHH
These two men are very famous and will HHJ
make ihe pi induction world famous in turn. HHJ
It will be taken after the run In Moscow to HHH
all our principal cities to be performed bv HH
the slock companies of each one. As you HHJ
know nil our houses are repertory theatres. HJ
"In my own theatrl.- il work besides the HH
production Of American plays, which are BH
'sure fire" at t lie moment in Poland. 1 will
put on the Oedipus Rex' and Polish national
plays at the Teatre Wielkl and the old Im-
perla! Theatre, now the Municipal. ' j
Ordynski was nfertained before he do- if
parted by a number of his former associates j
Of the Metropolitan Opera, with which he
was connected for a number of years as
atage director, end paid a second visit to
Washington He found existing here h-v
ui!d widespread interest In the iffnir Of Pe-
Innd ond a more than academic belief in her B ,!
ahll'ty to emerge triumphantly from ber 1 I
troublea of war onj ilnance. I
m I
hhhI