The Ogden standard. [volume], January 04, 1918, 4 P.M. CITY EDITION, Page 4, Image 4

About The Ogden standard. [volume] (Ogden City, Utah) 1913-1920

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H 1 4 THE OGDEN STANDARD: OGPEN, UTAH, FRIDAY, JANUARY 4, 1918. M
In iIl liSiBOilj'Sji TODAY AND the jtceture 1
I NORMA TALMADGE I
I The Secret of the Storm Country!
I MARGUERITE CLARK IN THE "SEVEN SWANS" AND THE GREAT 0
j "PENDLETON ROUND-UP" IN THREE REELS, NEXT SUNDAY, MONDAY I
I! jtatfai&
i ESTABLISHED 1870.
An Independent Newspaper, pub
f .Ufihed every evening except Sunday,
without a muzzle or a club.
MEMBER OF THE ASSOCIATED
I PRESS
i The Associated Pres Is exclusively en
i titled to the uso for republlcaton of all
I nsw credited to It or not otherwloo
, 1 credited In this paper and also the local
'' nowi Diibllched heroin.
Ii PRESENT ATTITUDE OF
RUSSIA.
' Lenlne and Trotzky may bo clever
j agents of the Germans, working os
tensibly for the good of Russia. If
they ' are, then camouflage is being
jj practiced at Brest-Litovsky and in
1 Petrograd, for the purpose of decelv
' ing the Allies and the Russian masses.
But if the two men, as leaders of the
Bolsheviki, are earnestly and honestly
laboring to protect their country
l ! from German trickery, wo may look
1 forward to a rupture in the peace con
' ference which will place Russia back
j again as a fighting force on the side
: of the Allies.
I Some of the allied diplomats still
have hope that Russia will not yield
J to German machinations, but will in
sist on square dealing, and, by so do-
ing, be driven to break with the
j Kaiser.
j Russia, no doubt, is unable to pre
sent a very formidable military front,
as demoralization and disorganization
have been at work ever since capital
1 ! punishment was taken from the com
, ! manding officers as a means of en
1 forcing military orders and discipline.
But even a weakened Russia, determ
' Ined to resist and fight the Germans,
" would prove a big factor in the world
t, war, as not Iobs than two million
i troops of. the Central powers would
! be required to patrol and guard the
I ' long line of trenches from Riga to
Rumania.
I YOUNG MEN WITHOUT
DEPENDENTS.
Toung men, who were 21 years of
age on June 5, 1917, or who have since
arrived at that age, and are within
Class No. 1, as defined by the ques
!i tlonnaires, will make up the increase
l in the army demanded by the war.
I General Crowder yesterday made
l! the statement that all men for the
!' armies still to t be raised by the
!, United States will come from class
' one, under the new selective draft
j plan, which means that young men,
I without families dependent upon their
I labor for support and unskilled In in
dustrial and agricultural work, will bo
called, If a bill submitted to congress
by the secretary of war Is made law.
Quotas- of states or districts are to
be determined hereafter on the basis
of the number of men In class one
and not upon population.
It is estimated there are one million
men in class one now registered who
will qualify, and that each year 700,-
000 men will be added by the exten
sion of registration.
Class one, as defined in the ques
tionnaires, includes single men with
out dependent relatives, married men
who have habitually failed to support
their families, who aro dopendent up
on wives for support or not usefully
engaged, and whose families are sup
ported by incomes independent of
their labor; unskilled farm laborers,
unskilled industrial laborers, regis
trants by or in respect of whom no
deferred classification is claimed or
raado, registrants who fall to submit
questionnaires and in respect of whom
no deferred classification is claimed
or made, and all registrants not in
cluded in any division of the sched
ule. This limitation of our army indi
cates that about threo million men are
to be kept in arms.
With casualties equal to the Brit-
1 ish, the Americans, as soon as they
I get well into the fighting, will lose
in killed, wounded and missing close
to one million soldiers each twelve
months. A large percentage of the
wounded will return to the fighting
lines, but sickness will disqualify a
number equal to those restored as
effectives.
An army of three million is about
two million below the estimate of ex
perts as to the size of the force which
the United States should throw Into
the conflict in order to win the war.
The new measure advocated by Gen
eral Crowder, if It passes congress,
may be productive of early marriages
among, boys who are approaching 21
years of age.
nn
SENDING BREAD TO
THE SOLDIERS
A representative of one of the
largest milling companies on the Pa
cific coast, who is in Ogden, says the
provisioning, of the army in France
is a bigger problem than the aver
age American can grasp.
There is not enough wheat in the
United States to meet our home de
mands and leave a margin large
enough to assure the allies on the
fighting front an ample supply of
bread.
Australia and India have a great
surplus of wheat, but the ships are
not available for transportation, al
though vessels loaded with wheat aro
beginning to arrive at Pacific coast
ports from across the ocean.
As fast as the new ships aro
launched on the Pacific coast, thoy
aro being loaded with flour and sent
through the Panama canal, and one
of the vessels is now taking on 180,
000 6acks of flour at San Francisco.
When a now ship, with its cargo
of flour, arrives at Galveston, the
greater part of the flour is taken out,
and billets for gun manufacture, cot
ton for explosives, motor trucks for
army transportation, and steel, rails
for railroad construction in France
are loaded. The aim 1b to give to the
cargo a miscellaneous make-up, so
that, if the ship is submarined, the
loss of supplies will bo distributed
and not fall heavily on any one line
of necessities. For Instance, the
sinking of an entire cargo of flour,
followod by the going down of a simi
lar shipment, might leave the soldlors
in France without bread, but by bal
ancing the cargoes, the repeated losses
are not severely felt by any one
branch of the war service In the
fighting zone.
WHAT IS CRUEL AND
UNUSUAL PUNISHMENT?
Speaking of Mayor A. R. Heywood's
explanation of why he interfered with
the judgment of Judge Barker sentenc
ing H. R. Prouty to six months' im
prisonment for the illegal sale of li
quors, and the statement of the mayor
that "the constitution of the United
States expressly forbids such meth
ods," a lawyer of this city has this to
say:
"The article of the constitution
of the United States to which the
mayor refers, provides that cruel
and unusual punishment shall not
be inflicted, but neither the su
preme court of the United States,
nor Indeed, any of the courts of
this country have ever supposed
that this provision prohibits the
courts from inflicting the punish
ments provided by a valid and
subsisting law of congr.ess, or of
any of the states of the union.
Heretofore courts and lawyers
have understood this provision to
mean that neither congress nor
the legislature of a state has any
authority to pass any laws provid
ing for the infliction of any cruel
or unusual punishment, and they
will no doubt be surprised to learn
that to sentence a man convicted
of a crime to six months' imprison
ment is inflicting a cruel and un
usual punishment.
"In Words and Phrases Judi
cially Defined, Vol. 2, Page 1765,
t NEW SCOUT
in discussing this Constitutional
Provision, it Is said:
" 'The phrase employed in the
Constitutional provision forbid
ding tho infliction of cruel and un
usual punishment moans such
punishment as would amount to
torture, or such as would shock
the mind ot every man possessed
of common feollng, such for in
stance, as drawing and quartering
tho culprit, burning him at tho
stake, cutting off his nose, cars or
limbs, starving him to death, or
such as was Inflicted by an act of
parliament as late as 22 Hen.
VIII, authorizing ono Rouse to bo
thrown into boiling water and
boiled to death.'
"As Judge Barker did not or
der Prouty to be drawn and quar
tered, or burned at the stake, or
that his nose, ears or limbs bo
' cut off, and since the mayor
thinks the punishment ordered by
Judge Barker was cruel and unus
ual, ho muBt bo going on the
theory that the offondcr had
been selling liquor so long that
to deprive him of that privilege
would be equivalent to starving
him to death. ,
It appears from the mayor's
statement that he must havo
known for years that to punish'
a person convicted of a crime for
tho first time, by six months im
prisonment, is a violation of the
federal constitution, and yet he
has allowed the supreme court of
the United States, and the courts
of all the states to proceed upon
the erroneous Impression that to
enforce a valid statute is not a
violation of this constitutional
provision. As a good citizen, it
was clearly his duty to advise the
United States supreme court, and
other courts, that they have for
more than a century been errone
ously and ignorantly interpreting
and construing this constitution
al provision.
oo
COTTON AND PEANUT OIL
AND COPRA
A number of years ago cotton seed
was not only a waste, but a source
of extra expense to the cotton millB
of the south. Then some ono said
the oil could be extracted and made
an asset. With the pressing out of the
oil, came the use of the cotton seed
cake as a food for livestock, and now
this by-product is one of the big re
venue producers of the cotton mills.
Then tho peanut was run through the
cotton seed oil extractor, and today
peanut oil and cake are making the
raising of the nut a most profitable
business.
This same progress Is being made
in tho cocoanut areas. Whon the
American soldier landed at Manila,
they found copra to be one of the ex
ports of the islands. Copra is the
pressed meat of the nut. A high
grade vegetable oil is pressed from
this meat, and the residue is used for
cattle feed and fertilizer. Two large
oil-pressing plants are now In opera
tion in the Philippines. The greater
part of the copra, however, is shipped
away from the islands unpressed. Be
fore the war Marseilles was the lcad-
ing market San Francisco and Now
York are lately assuming greater Im
portance, especially as the use of
cocoanut oil, formerly confined for
the most part to soap making, has
become important in the manufacture
of food products.
oo
TRIBUTE TO OUR
MEDICAL MEN
Our physicians and surgeons are
doing their part, as disclosed by a re
view of the medical service of the
army in one of the technical maga
zines, which says:
Few are aware to what an extent
the doctors and surgeons of the coun
try have responded. From no other
profession or occupation has the per
centage of volunteors been so large.
Ten months ago in the office of the
surgeon-general, in Washington, there
were only six assistants; and the to
tal enlisted medical men in both army
and navy numbered 420, including our
territorial possessions.
When the call came, there were
143,000 physicians and surgeons in
the United States. Immediately 25,000
of them volunteered for service. Of
these, over 14,000 have already been
commissioned.
The executive force in the surgeon
general's office has grown from six to
over 200, and here are gathered each
day and far intp the night, and often
all night, scores of the ablest surgeons
in the land. Experts and professors
from the largest medical schools and
hospitals; doctors whose books are
studied at homo and abroad; surgeons
who were earning a princely fortune
each year, to whom patients traveled
thousands of miles; others with more
moderate incomes who could less well
afford to do so, gave up their practice
and have Joined tho medical branch.
And these earnest men are rapidly
forging into shape the largest and
most, efficient surgical organization
the world has ever known.
uu
ALLIES MAY RECOGNIZE
BOLSHEVIKI GOVERNMENT
(Continued from page 1.)
with regard to Russia which, should It
lean toward the latest developments
and democracy, would undoubtedly
strengthen the Allied cause in Russia."
There were two distinct tendencies
noticeable in the enemy delegation at
the Brost-Lltovsk meetings, tho Petro
grad correspondent of the Daily News
says. Ono was annexation and was
represented by General von .Hoffman.
A more moderate view was upheld by
Foreign Secretaries von Kuehlmann
and Czernln. There were frequent dis
putes between tho two tendencies.
These were settled, it is added, by ap
peal to Berlin which always support-
ed von Kuehlmann and Czernln. Gen
I eral von Hoffman took the purely mill-
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tary point of view and complained
with groat bitterness that tho Russians
were using the armistice to agitate
among Gorman soldlors.
According to the correspondent,
there Is a belief among the Russian
delegation that Germany will yield to
tho Russian demands concerning Po
land and Lithuania, so as not to lose
tho advantage she gains by seeming to
agree with Russia while the Entente
Allies disagree.
The reasons for wishing tho nego
tiations to be continued at Stockholm
are a desire for greater publicity and
this idea is expressed in a Bolshovlkl
statement:
"Whllo we recognize that Stockholm
is not very neutral, it is anyhow more
neutral than Gorman headquarters."
The Daily News correspondent was
present at the Smolny, the Bolsheviki
headquarters, when M. Kameneff, one
of tho Russian peace delegates, pre
sented his report on hte negotiations at
Brest -Litovsk. Among other things
M. Kameneff s report showed, he says,
that the Germans attempted to bind
Russia to their country by the re
newal of the treaty of 1S89 which
Emperor Nicholas declined to renew,
resulting in a situation which was one
of the causes of the war. German'
made other proposals all for the pur
pose of obtaining a posliton as the
most favored nation. A Russian stated
that they believed In equality of trade
and that at the very moment when
they were engaged in socializing in- ,
dustry, nationalizing banks, etc., they '
could not subscribe to principles con- ;
trary to Socialism. On this joint the 1
correspondent says, tho Germans i
seem to have receded from their posi
tion. Army Disorganized and Suffering. '
Speeches by soldiers' delegates de
scribed the prevailing conditions in
the army which Is disorganized, poorly
clothed and starving. Even the artil- '
lery horses, have died from lack of
fodder. Nevetheless, all the delegates
of the soldiers were willing to con- '
tinuo the war notwithstanding these
desperate conditions unless the Ger- m
mans agreed to peace on the lines laid I
down by the Bolsheviki. 1
' I J'iS lT 1,!'- tenths As I
r ihk'of'BI SrM&Tis 1 Wr You
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