Newspaper Page Text
THE WEATHER Fair tonight- Thursday warmer \rii rain. ESTABLISHED 1861. i LLUIU r., - ; 4 . " ; '< ; ' 1 MAY IMOT IN TASK King .George Calls upon Lloyd George after Mr. Law Declines to Form One. ASQUITH MAY COME BACK Brief Sketch Shows the Present Cabinet Maker as a Very Strong Statesman. ?T #S'jociati?D *.?5 I.ONUON. D<?e. Mr A. Bonnr Law lias declined tb*- invitation <;f Isrntr George to form a now cabinet. arid the king has sent for David Lloyd George. Whether Mr. Lloyd George, whose action led to the disruption of the coalition government and the resignation of Mr. Asquith. would have any greater success in forming a ministry than Mr. Law is a question that lias not been answered. Political correspondents predict tiiat Mr. Asquith will be* back at the head of the government before many days. David Lloyd George is an idol in British democracy. His extreme radicalism has made him at times "one of the most hated men in England," particularly among the aristocracy, but on more numerous occasions he looms up as "the man of the hour" and his personality sometimes overshadowed the whole Asquith ministry with which he was id,entitled. He is pre-eminently the British government's man of "push and go." energetic, determined and fearless: Though a little man, almost frail in physique, he Is such a successful lighter that he scarcely knows the meaning of defeat. in strange contrast to Lloyd George's leadership in the prosecution of the European war, is the fact that liis first political prominence came through his attacks on the pro-war party during the South African campaign of i 8yO-hO. lie carried his opposition to maintain the army. His disparagement of the British cause was so unpopular, however, that he; put his life in jeopardy by expounding his views. At Birmingham, for one instance, his life was sought, by a riotous nioii which the noliee were unable to handle arid Lloyd George was able to escape from their hands only by disguising himself in a policeman's uniform. In later ye-irs hewas trie object of physical violence on ' the part of the suffragettes, who hurled m,issles at him on several occasions. acid wrio. in February, 1:)12,: destroyed his country house with dynamite. As chancellor of the exchequer he was the author of the budget reforms which opened a new era in the fiscal history of the Unite dKingdom. and 1 which, by putting new levies of taxation to the propertied classes, led to "the great constitutional conflict between the Commoners and the Lords, and the curbing of the legislative veto powers of the peers. The political revolution and other great causes in which he figured as the popular lea<V\ notably his successful fight of the insurance act for protecting the working classes against illness and unemployment, and his old age pension scheme, made him a dominant figure in the Liberal gov-1 eminent. When, with the sudden outbreak of the European war in 11)14. internal; politics were eclipsed by England's entrance into the war. Chancellor L'oyd George was shouldered with; the chief responsibility of financing the empire's part in the great conflict. Though he had been one of the chief obstructionists to great military expenditures on the part of Great Britain, in peace times, face to face with the war he tackled the problem of raising money with his whole strength and set in motion the first of the great loanswhich were floated to meet Britain's war cost?estimated at ten billion dollars. In the midst of these financial problems Lloyd George was called to assume a new role, as minister of munitions. when in May. 1915, a coalition cabinet was formed and when it was charged that Lord Kitchner. the secretary of state of war. had failed to supply the army with sufficientj ^Continued on page 3.) hcou I u pun ^ Of Pocahontas, Daughter of Powhatan, Indian Chief, to Be Commemorated. (BY AftBOriAYCD PFCMi W WASHINGTON. Dec. C.?Plans are being made by the Pocahontas .Memorial Association to commemorate the three hundredth anniversary of the death of Pocahontas, daughter of the Indian chief Powhatan, who saved the Virginia colony from starvation and massacre and also is credited M'lth i having saved the life of Captain John Smith. A bronze statue of heroic size has been complete-" at a cost of SlO.OOf) to be unveiled on Jamestown Islantv Virginia, in March next year, the three hundredth anniversary of Pocahontas's death at Gravcscnd. England. A site on the historic island has been dedicated by the Association for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities and the pedestal has been erected. For ten years the Pocahontas Memorial Association with headquarters has been working for a suitable memorial and now has paid all but $1,700 on the bronze statue. This sum. it is ejected, will be contributed by the time the | memorial is ready for dedication. I WW-"1' '1'? THE * GEOR( SUCCEED ASSIGNED y < + ><.< + + + + + + + + + + 4* 4- WOMAN MAY OIL 4* 4 J. :o? ???IAT18 ">??> + t* MAT ILL A. Ore.. Doc. <>.? * 4* Mrs. K. E. Starcher is mayor of 44* Umatilla. having defeated her 4? 4* husband in the election Tues- 4* 4* day. Women were also elected 4* 4* to all other ofliees in the rati- 4* 4* nicin.il government. Including 4? fpt:r seats in the round i. re- 4* - - ? f corner ana ueasurcr. v J* 4* THORN In the Flesh of Panama Isthmian Merchants is to Be Removed by Law. (?y associated s.essr PANAMA. Dec. 6?A law to 1 abolisttthe privilege of purchasing at j the commissaries of the Panama ca- ; nal. by others than employes of the1 L'nited States government, has been | passed by the Assembly of Panama and signed by the president. It has j not. however, been published in the Official Gazette, and will not become ! i effective until three days after such j publication. The presence bf the connnis? vies, vlt 1) their advantages of no rent, no taiflff and reduced steamship and railroad charges, has long been a thorn in the flesh of the isthmian merchant. The number, of influential persons who have enjoyed the privilege, gi ven i by the president of Panama, of buying] in the commissaries has been an ob-j stacle in the way of preventive ac-i tion. The restriction of the use of ! the commissaries to the people con- j netted with the canal and its defensive forces, for which the commis- j snrv system was intended, will be unite an accomplishment of the chambers of commerce of Colon and Panama. It will remove a cause of annoyance and distrust between the Panamanians and Americans, and is generally regarded as altogether to be desired, except by those who have enjoyed special privileges. IHlff WATERWAYS As Military Necessities in War Times Are Advocated by Rear Admiral Benson. (Bt ASSOCIATED PRCS!) WASHINGTON, Dec. G.?Inland, waterways as military necessities in ' war times were advocated by Rear Admiral William S. Benson, chief of naval operations, in an address Wed-j nesday before the National Rivers and Harbors Congress which opened its threo-dav annual convention. Rivers! of the middle West should be im-: proved, he said,; to assist in supplying the army and navy in emergency with wheat from the plain states and coal from the Ohio, Pennsylvania and West Virginia fields. . SHELLED And Sunk is a Steamship Listed in Register as American Vessel. inv aucociotco >miin NEW YORK, Dec. 6?The steamship John Ijambert, listed In the martime register as an American vessel, was shelled and sunk -without warning by a German submarine off the Isle of Wight on November 22, according to members of the crew, Americans, who arrived here Wednesday on the French line steamship Espagne from Bordeau. GlfijI ^lan of Anderson, of Boston, is Generally Favored in Administration Circles. : i _ %mr ?a?octATfO +nx*m\ WASH I NCTON. Dec. 0.?President ; Wilson Wednesday began a study of cost of li ,'ing reports made by government departments and from them is Inspected to decide what steps he will | recommend to Congress. The plan suggested by United States Attorney Anderson of Boston, in charge of the nationwide inquiry of | 'ho high cost of living of summoning I a grand jury in New York or Chicago to investigate the question thoroughly | is believed to he generally favored in ! administration circles. I BONUS FOB MTXEBS. I r. r A?B?Se?*Tr? I HOUOHTON, Mich.. Doc. 6.? Ap-| | proximately 37.000 of the 25.000 em! pioyes of copper mines in the Lake" Superior district will participate in a bonus to be distributed on the first pay day of 1917. This bonus is an increase of twenty-five cents over the regular wages for every day to all employes who have worked steadily from July 1 to December 31. NOT INSANE. The county lunacy commission decided Tuesday evening that Otto Moffatt. of Union Heights, was not Insane. He was released from custody1. j?Jrai ' | i i'JIL i '' ' ! 1 fi y'y ^ - ;- \ t\: '\i Sffi} WtCfe ^t'-0 ; if; &&&"p\ -j-' r'fe* v .. > & j DAII EXCLUSIVE ASSOCL CLARKSBURG. W. V jE Vt^iL ALLIES IN CONTROL r ^ ^ ^ ^ Birdseye vie TV- A??1- T??-V -ff + V- , J. lie 1CIIV1I JiCtl, Ull UJU V tniral du Fournet threatened to lane accede to the demands of the allies nitions. The appearance of the alliec GUILTY ': Of Second Degree Murder is Miss Edith Colby, a News- 1 paper Reporter. THOMPSON FALLS,"Mont., Dec. 6. ?Miss Edith Colby, a newspaper reporter, was found guilty of murder ? in the second degree here Wednesday * for shooting and killing A. C. Thomas,! ^ a politician. The penalty is ten to twelve years in the penitentiary. j : Miss Colby. 44 years old, shot ' c Thomas September 28 last after " Thomas had passed her in the street without heeding her demand that he apologize for an alleged . Insult the,,, day before. . Miss Colby alleged Thomas had ( called her a "red light woman." when) she reprimanded liirn for withholding, f news when she visited him in her ca_' { pacity as a reporter for a newspaper ( in Thompson Falls. She asserted that John C. Manire, editor of the paper, and A. S. Ains-"* worth, Its publisher, had urged her ' to make Thomas apologizo and both ' o ?rnetorl nn olint?trtic nf Tin vln o- I f ? V Ui I VOLV-U vu Vi, t(U Aug instigated the murder. A Manlre was acquitted. Ainsworth's j! case is pending. ; The defense sought to prove that 1 Miss Colby was mentally deranged and irresponsible because of the al- 1 leged Insult heaped upon her by !l Thomas. HARPER CHOSEN I s As Chairman of the Committee i to Have Charge of the inauguration Ceremonies. w AT*Q ^mnvv WASHINGTON, Dec. 6.?Robert N. 1 Harpi-r. a Washington bank president, c has been selected as chairman of the t committee to have charge of the core- | monies hero next March incident to i President Wilson's second inaugura- 5 tion. f Formal announcement of Mr. Har- '! per's selection probably will he mado 1 Thursday. As in the case of Mr. Wfl- i son's flrst inauguration, there will be 1 no inaugural ball but a reception or 1 some other social affair may take Its i place. The ceremonies will include a < parade. Four years ago the -^resident i rode in a carriage drawn by horses, but it is considered possible that at his \ second inauguration he may use an | automobile, thus establishing a pre- ( ceaem. ( FIRE i * , \ In Nsw York City Destroys ' Four-Story Brick Building ! at a Big Loss. i NEW YORK. Dec. 6.?Fire in the business district of Brooklyn Wednesday destroyed the four-story brick' building occupied by the Flatbush Storage Company, burned part of the , structure housing the piano factory of Freeborn G. Smith, and slightly damaged adjoining properties with an . estimated loss of $600,000. One po llceman -was' injured. The collapse j of a wall led to a mistaken report . that six firemen" vera killed. ,'-'yV /* ";,i /. n.j; A -s | 4$ ' j -?r- ' 5 :?v ZTE A.TED PRESS SERVICE BY PI A.. WEDNESDAY, 1>K OF fAPTTAT, A VD CTTTFT w of Athens (top) and harbor and tow :oast of Greece has bent Athens to all 1 a force at Piraeus and march on A for the disarmament of his forces an< 1 fleet off Piraeus induced the king to ROUMANIAN IS STILL V With the Capital City Threatened from Three Sides by the Teutonic Forces. ( T A?tOCI*T?0 MCtt) The plight of Roumanla continues tcute with no signs of a stand by its trniies or those of its Russian ally vhich afford hope of saving its captnl. Although reports from Turkish ;6iirces Tuesday niglit. claimed that he troops of the Central powers had irlven to wftliIn less than eight miles >f Bucharest, the chief force of the neuronic pressure seems at, present to >e exerted towards the northwest of he capital with the apparent hope of caching Ploechti, boforo the Rounanian armies can effect a retreat jyer the railroad line running hrough there from Bucharest. This encircling movement spells he apparent greatest peril to King Ferdinand's forces, as the road hrough P'oochti afTords the only ail way avenue escape for them tovard the northwest, where their irmies and the Russians so far have leld Moldavia fairly safe from the Teutons. The Macedonian operations of the entente Allies are progressing favoribly, according to all current reports. The thrust developed by tho Serins in the Grunlshte region, east of donastir, Is being pressed and the atest statement from the Serbian war fllce announced the Bulgarians in rereat after they had lost several trongly fortilled positions. rEUTONS SWEEP OVER HALF OF ROUMANIA (BY AkbOCtATCD PHCI?> , WITH THE TEUTONIC ARMIES 3EFOKE BUCHAREST, Dec. 4 by rourler to Herrnannstadt, and wireless .0 the Associated Press, via Sayville, Dec. 6.?The armies of Field Marshal /on Mackcnscn and General von Faltenhayn after a campaign, the rapidity )f which has been almost unparalleled n military history, have swept through rnlf of Roumania, have crushed tne esistancc of the Roumanians, and now laving pushed the Russo-Roumanlan forces beyond Bucharest, both to the lorth and the south of the capital, are ffamping their tcnaclcs. on the Rounanlan city from three sides. Whether the Roumanians will elect :o endeavor to defend the fortified capital is a question which the next fow lays will decide. The Associated Press, :orrespondent was privileged to ac:ompany tho forces of Generals von Mackensen and von Falkeliayn in their lash through Roumania. The seething lemoralization of the Roumanian :roops would, in the opinion of German military officers, make an attempt to lefend the fortress a desperate yen:uro. The Germans, with the aid of AustroFTungarians. Bulgarians and Turks, battered their way through western [toumania to their present concentric position around Bucharest within a wonderfully: short time. They have breasted the natural fortifications of the Transylvanian mountains and the Danube river and have beaten their way through the strongest kind of scientific defenses, obviously prepared long In advance- They have thrown Lhe Roumanian army, numbering huh-J (Continued on - j>ajre . 3.) -,J LEGE 11V ATE WIRE CKMHKK 6, 1916, Ml /I \ IVI \\ ? PORT OF FFFFCT^ !' 4 > IISSa -,J?^j?s-5i I " n of Pirncus. > ied will. Last week the French Ad | tthens if Kinf? Constantine did no1 i the surrender of all wrms and niu accede to the demands S PLIGHT ER.Y ACUTE f? ? + t t + + + + + + + + i + new hats won. * + + 4* <?r AtsociATio pakii + 4- WASHINGTON, Dec. 5.?The + 4* fourteen Democrats of the 4* + House ways and means commit- + I* tee blossomed out Wednesday In 4v 4* brand new hats and smiles. 4*, 4* Somebody recalled that in last , July Representative Longworili, 4* 4? of Ohio, rose on the tloor and 4* 4? promised to buy every Demo- 4? 4* crat. on the committee a new 4?! 4* hat If the next House were not 4? , 4* Republican by a majority of 100, 4* i 4? 4? + 4,4,ii,l' + + 4+ +4, + 4,4, + + + FIRElESTROYS WESTON PLANT Malloy Brothers' Ice Factory Consumed by Flames with Total Loss of $30,000. Itwrtui TO TU? t m i rnaiul WESTX>N?Dec~ G.?Fire" of an un- |j known origin this afternoon totally i destroyed the -Malloy Brothers' ice ! plant and damaged nearby residences. The loss Is estimated at $30,000. Fanned by a high wind, the flames, which were first discovered about 2 1 o'clock, could not be controlled by the city department and the private fire fighting equipment of the Sun lumber Company, whose plant is adjacent to the burned structure. Although the Are was outside the corporate limits, the city department, came to the scene and fought valiantly, succeeding in preventing the flames from spreading. The damage to nearby homes was entirely in broken windows. When the fire was first discovered employes of the Ice plant rushed in and brought out all chemicals, thus preventing possible disastrous explosions. The flames started in the' top of the, building. The plant was not insured. It was owned by James and R. V. Malloy, and was located near the Baltimore and Ohio depot. NEW WARDEN. ALBA NT? N? V.! Dec? Appointment of William "FT. Moyer, for twelve | venrs warden of the federal nenltenti- ' ary at, Atlanta. Ga., as warden of Sing ," Sing prison waa announced Wednesday by the state superintendent of prisons, Jame3 M. Carter. TXCTtEASF. OF WAGES. WATERTOWN. n7y"Dec. 6?The International Paper Company has granted a ten per cent increase in wages to its employes. The first bonus will be paid December 15. There are 11,000 men affected. fouxd gun/rr. Victoria Parise has been found ; guilty in the criminal court of selling liouor in violation of law. ?AM ? !EW C/ McADOO : DEFICH ?; : + ( + + + * + ?t + + * + + + + + + ??' I + Ll'M'IIKO\ (Jl'KSTS. + * ? ? ?v Aft?OCI?T ?D ! *??*> + Washington. i?.v. ?.- \vn- * Itini J. Bryan mid. Mrs. Bryan +; were* luncheon xm?ats Wednors- + , day at the White Mouse and 4?| Wednesday night Mr. I try an is +| to be tin- honor cucst at a din- +! ' hit Kiv?-n h.v many Merioerutie. +' ' admirers It is oxprott <i In4 4*1 may some stittnnir.nl of +1 his intent inn to devote ttir next 4* j four years to tin4 cause of n:i- 4* itonal prohibition. + ' 4*. BO; 118 BOUT Has among Its Sponsors Two New York Women, is the Announcement. BY moci.iro NEW YORK. !>.-t\ ft. Tho pro- j posed ton-round no-iloctsipri boxing out bi'twtH'ii Cieorpv <'arpeittlor. . leavy weight champion of Europe, ind JOKsi Wlilatd. Ainoriran cham. ;?Ion. has among its sponsnrs Miss Annlo Morgan and Miss Elizabeth; VJarbury. it was I oh mod Wednesday. ; MIhh Morgan is treasurer of the. american mini lor me crencn wounded under the auspices of which ' I Is hoped to bring Cnrpentlor here, j Miss Milrbury, who Is also actively In- j crested in the French fund, said that Iter Interest In the proposed bout was jolely to see that the $110,000, which j dm hoped the fund would receive j rmni the proceeds, was properly linnJled. "Miss Morgan and I willingly eon-', sented several weeks ago when ap-1 pronehed on the subject to sec that I he fund, whether amounting to this' sum or more, he forwarded to Franco for the purpose Intended," Miss Mar- ,ji bury Is giioied as saying. WILSON BUSY With a Great Number of Engagements So as to Clear His Calendar. WA S HING TO N.'ADec.""?Presi tl en t Wilson disposed of a /Treat number of engagements Wednesday to clear; his calendar for the work of the first days of Congress. He received Ihe 1 new council on national defense, con- i ferred with numerous senators and;1 representatives, reviewed 800 Cham-1 plon hoy corn growers and canning J c'ub girls from Ohio and touched n| button giving a signal Tor the open- i: lug of the Tulare county citrus Trult fair at Vlsalia, Calif. PLEA "OFllLTY Of Assault with Intent to Lynch a Prisoner is Made by a State Hospital Guard. ( V A??OCIAT?D Pllim LIMA, O.. Dec. G.?Frank James, aged 30, state hospital guard, appeared before Common Picas Judge William dinger and pleased guilty of assaulting an officer with intent to lynch a prisoner. He was given a suspended. Indeterminate sentence m the Ohio penitentiary. James was one of those arrested for attacking Sheriff Ely during the race riot'August 30. The second trial of George Saxey on the same charge, now In progress at Ottawa, is expected to go to the jury Wednesday. SCHOOL CHILDREN And Teachers Give Freely to a Poor Woman and Her i Family at Adamston. The teachers and pupils of the Adamston school are to be highly commended for their generosity shown to a poor woman of that town whose 1 husband ran away and left her with three small children to support, the ; oldest of which is six years and the youngest four months. One of the sehoo1 children told her teacher about the family an an Investigation was ; made and it was learned that the woman was in destitute circumstances, not having enough food for herself and children. A meeting of the students and teachers was held and it was decided that every one attending the school who wanted to could hring a donation to the UUU^V i\J( uic wuiuau auu LICI children. When all had been heard from it was necessary to hire a wagon to remove the supplies from the school house to the poor woman's home. Enough supplies were given the woman to keep her small family comfort, able for severaly weeks. GIFT ANNOUNCED. < * UIOCUTIO MM!) NEW CONCORD, 0.. Dec. 6.?Upon his return from a trip to Baltimore and Philadelphia, J. Knox Montgomery, president of Muskingum College, announced a gift of $250,000 to that In- 1 stltutlon on condition that, a like sum I be raised by the schooL THE CIRCULATION ^ the TeleRmm Is more thon clonble I :he net circulation of the other Clarksburg paper. ^ PRICE THREE CENTS. fil ibIET I SAYS ~ 1 v IS SURE 1 In the General Fund of the unnea Maies ireasury, in His Annual Report. A REVIEW OF THE YEAR :l Secretary of the Treasury Asks the Connress for Some Large Appropriations. r?Y * rr n ' 'H WASHINGTON. Doc. <>?Secretary McAdoo's annual report of tlia'gov- tfl rnment s Ilnnnces presented to Congress today, estimates that the fiscal lis roar ending J line 20, 1.017, will show i .balance of Si 1 5.0< 0.000 in the gen ral fundi lnit that, <ho figures a year later, June :it>. 101S. will show a lotioii in I In- general fund of SIS!;. I'relimittarj estimates of tin* cost . of eo'ndtietltig tli'e government for (lM mining fiscal year, IMS, exclusive of the postal service which is expected lo he solf sustaining and other detections. at $ 1.278.021,000. which in ? 2 8 2. -17 1.0 0 0 less than the estimated Ivstitnntea of large expenditures for national defense carry the estimated outlay beyond the estimated income. Tn J?s Prosperity. For (lie year I!) 1 fi now drawing to a close, the secretary reports great prosperity and expresses greatest confidence for the future. "During the last year," the secretary says, "the prosperity which set. In so strongly riuring the fiscal year 191.5 has grown in strength and volume and Is now widely diffused throughout the United States. Fundamental economic conditions have never been more sound. In all lines of industry elllclency of organization and production have renched the highest point in (lie country's history. General confidence In 'lie future, healthful enterprise and b velopment have been marked chariot eti. ties of the year. ' "The financial strength of the TJnl- -tW led Slates- the greatest in our hlalory gives us a commanding postbin in 111.- world of finance. We hayo bepn t rarisfornied from a <1 editor Into ii ? i ? mhiii I j ?i i.Ivfj|. ull ;>UVtIIllJCi bullion in tin* United States was estlsixleon months. Tliis is the largest ' stock of gold ever held in the United States or In any other country of the B world. Through the operations of B the federal reserve system and with our abundant supply of gold as basis, the credit, resources of the B United States have become more than B sufficient for homo demand, and we ; have been able to finance bur great.',*; -loinestic and foreign trade without B strain and to extend vast amounts of B credit to other nations throughout * B s Federal Reserve System. "The experience of the last two l, voars has brought into strong relief . :: the value of the federal reserve sys- Ml Lent. It Is not too much to say that _ _ _ _ - _ ? ? BB whBSses I Compulsory Physical Examination for^Wane Earners in I f?y alpoclatfd WASHINGTON. Dec. 6?Compul- W Bory physical examination for wage H earners was opposed Wednesday by ?]& President John P. White of the Unl- ^ ted Mine Workers' of America In. an |g? address before the conference on social Insurance. He said It meant only jB that those who passed the test would SB be subjected to greater strain; tbanp^^ "As modern industries are organ- >hE ized today." said Mr. White, "the re- R3 jectfon of unfit men means not the gg protection of those who are acTOp^||S^ _ j -t- a. it - J?1 j--' w? - ? - ll'-'il'-i tin. ijui, license 10 increase cne. strain upon them so that eventually they g|p too or their descendants will, be-aild4&^ id to the class of unfit, in this case the - raj of tho flower of European manhood, maimed and slaughtered on the bat- ||? tlefield. "If physical examination.of all: perjons-ls demanded on the broad ground of social welfare then let it be administered by the state. 5g "Better still, let our scientists and wise men ceaso regarding the great ?t| mass of workers as densely ignorant $&*, and hopeless wards over whom they must watch and care. Let them, in- fSy stead, join with organized labor In t: demanding a fair wage and then, take !||| my word for it, the very men for |3j whom they are now so solicitous will W*1 r? crfTri** ^ n # '7 /*? 1* A * UV< | vut?u. V? IVXU^ bUV* ? Vi J W VkJ V VI** ? ? Funeral services over the bpdy of Patrick Bon. aped seventeen mon^tBq son of Mr. and Mrs. John Bon, of Mt. Clare, who died at 11:30 o'clock Tuesday morning following an lllnesjj3| or whooping cough, were .held , at the home at 10 o'clock Wednesdayimom^HSM Ing. The body was brought" toSthiSj| city on the Weston car and the burial was In the Holy Cross cemetery. < - RfsS TXDICTMMEhTF An ^Indlcfament ^against Floyd Ail -