West Virginia Democrat. [volume], August 12, 1887, Image 1

About West Virginia Democrat. [volume] (Charles Town, W. Va.) 1885-1890

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A very intelligent coiniueroin trav"
Hadve.tUor.wUl inquire, they will eUer.who recently virtted 38 coun
t.nd that thi. paper reaoho. a larger tiee, teU. he met everywhere with
audience in We.t Vlr«iu.a, of the more cop:., of thi. paper and liea.d
e’aee mo.t valuable to them, than * it more quoted than aU the other pe
nny other‘publication. per. combined.
Vol. III., No. XXXII. CHARLESTOWN. JEFFERSON COUNTY. W. VA., FRIDAY, AUGUST 12. 1887._Price 3 Cents
BiliousnesS
Is an affection of the Liver, ami can l»e
thoroughly cured by that brand
Regulatoi of the Liver and
Biliary Organs,
Simmons Lifer Regulator.
MANI'f YCTCRKP BY
J. H. ZEILIN & CO., Philadelphia, Pa.
I was alllicted lor several years
with disordered liver, which result
ed in a severe attack of jaundice. I
had as good medical attendance as
our section affords, who failed utter
ly to restore me to the enjoyment of
hiv former good heiUth. 1 then tried
the favorite prescription ol one oftlie
most renowned physic tans of Louis
ville, Kv., but to no purpose; where
upon I was induced to try Simmons
Liver Regulator. I found immedi
ate benefit from its use, ami it ulti
mately restored me to the full enjoy
ment of health.
A. II. SHIRLKY,
Richmond, Kv.
HEADACHE
Proceeds from a Torpid Liver and Im- i
purities of the Stomach, it can be
invariably cured by tak’pg
Simmons Liver Regulator.
Let all who suffer remember that
SICK AND NERVOUS HEADACHES
fan bo prevented by taking a dose as
soon as their symptoms indicate the
coming of an attack.
july2#,eow-2m.
I
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ANARCHY AND LIBERTY.
The following paragraphs are com
mended to tho thoughtful reading of
those editor.- ho mistake the corner
stone of free government forthcanarchy
of Herr Most.
[These paragraphs are continued
from last issue. J
When our fathers achieved their
independence the corner stone of the
government they constructed was
individual liberty, ami the social or
ganizations they established were
not for the surrender, but for the
protection of natural rights. For
this governments were established,
deriving their just powers from the
consent of the governed. This was
not to subject themselves to the will
of the majority, as appears from the
fact that each community inserted
in its fundamental law a bill of
rights to guard the inalienable priv
ileges of the individual. There was
then a two fold purpose in govern
ment, protection and prevention
against trespass by the strong upon
the weak the many on the few. The
world had long suffered from the
oppressions of government under the
pretext of ruling by diviue right,and
excusing the invasion into private
and domestic affairs on the plea of
paternal care for the morals and
good order of the people. Our sires
rejected ail such pretensions, their
system being: Government by the
people, for the people, and resting
on the basis of these general propo
sition.-. —[Jefferson Dacia.
Nothing which can be done by
individuals should I** done by the
State. Government action is less
effective than voluntary action.
—[Mill,
K.ich man has a right to the full
est exercise of all his faculties, com
patible with the same right in oth
ers. This is the fundamental law
of equal freedom which it is the
duty, and the only duty, of the State
to enforce. If government goes be
yond this duty if becomes, not a pro
tector, but an aggressor. .
—J Herbert Sjtencer.
_ %
It is a singular fact, that while
this class of legislation, (prohibi
tion, and other laws in restraint of
individual freedom,) under existing
social arrangement, fails to affect
the well to-do classes, and presses
chiefly on the comnaratively poor,
yet such legislation has its greatest
support from the latter class,—viz:
from the class on whom it chiefly
presses.
j — Herbert Spencer.
•Its (Prohibition party) fanati
cal disregard and distortion of facts
is shown iu the constant assertion
that the liquor trade is the cause of
almost all the ciime that is commit- i
ted, and of all the worst crimes; and
if this trade could be prohibited In
law, the jails and penitentiaries and
alms-houses would no longer he j
needed; vice and crime would cease
to pollute the land, and the day of
peace, love, and plenty forever gild j
the joyous earth, (’ould any fancy
be more wild?”
—| Her. Samuel H. Wilson.
—
“This was not the method ot Je
sus. He lived in an age of total
abstinence societies and did not join
them. He emphasized the distinc- I
tion between His method and that of
John the llaptist by saying that
John came neither eating or drink
ing; the Son of Man came eating
and drinking. lie condemned drun
kenness. but never in a single in
stance lifted up His voice in con
demnation of drinking. On the con-'
trary, He commenced His public j
ministry bv making, as a miracle, j
wine in considerable quantity, and j
of fine quality, and this apparently
only to add to the joyous festivities
of a wedding. He apparently used j
wine customarily, if not habitually,
and before all the world; and lie :
left as a legacy and example for His |
followers a sacred use of wine in the ;
most solemn service of his church ”
—[ Rev. Lynton Abbott.
"1 know from my own experience j
that when 1 was at West Point the
fact that tobacco in every form was
prohibited, and the mere possession
of the weed severely punished, made
the majority of the cadets, myself
included, try to acquire the habit of
using it.” —{/’. & Grant.
“In the long run. the operation—
or the inoperativeness—of this law '•
[Maine Prohibitory law] is as mis
chievous as its pretensions are dis
honest, its arguments fallacions.and
its title fraudulent. "The doom of
failure is written in the veryjstruc
turc of it, contrived; as it is, to work
with the utmost friction and annoy-1
ancc, with perversions—abhorrent
to all our traditions of freedom—for
secret information and domiciliary
visitation and search.”
—[i?er. Leonard W. Bacon.
“Whatever may be the cause or
causes, it cannot be denied that pro
hibition in Rhode Island, after a
year’s experience, is found to be so
complete a failure that it is no ex- '
travagance to pronounce it a miser-1
able farce. It has not, even approx
imately, prohibtcd the use of intoxi
cating liquor; it is not to-day re
sulting in any perceptible diminu
tion of drunkenness as compared
with former years.”
—[Providence (1». I.) Journal.
'‘Prohibition is at present the
greatest hindrance to the cause of
temperance, and if it is set to one
side and confined to the actual be
lievers in it, without any attempts
at conciliation or compromise, the
prospect for a really elilcacious pub
lic policy will be much improved.”
—[ yetr York• Times.
-— —
WINTER ON A HORSE RANCH.
How a Cowboy Exists During the Lazy
Months—A Graphic Picture of Ranch
Life--Horse Breeding in Mon
tana.
Montana Correspondence New York
Times.
The lay of the laud here is pecul
iar, and would at once attract the at
tention of a man from the Eastern
States. Generally it is hilly, but
there are many perfectly level tracts,
with an area of two or three miles,
small steppes, as it were, and then
there are curious cone-shaped
mounds entirely devoid of vegetation.
These mounds have a certain precise
regularity of form, and are from ten
to twenty feet high, and some ten
foot wide at the base. Within sight
of the ranch are bad lands. When
these ridges are seen stretching
across the horizon they give an idea
of sterility, but on some of these ap
parently barren lands the richest
grasses grow, on which our cattle
feed and take on fat substance.
The greater part of Custer county
rises to an elevation of 2,500 feet
above the level of the sea. The air
is wonderfully dry and pure, and so
excellent is it that lung troubles are
quite unknown, and coughs and colds
almost unheard of. What is good
for a man is good for a beast, and,
strange to say, wind-broken horses
are never met with. Cold weather
comes on gradually, and stays about
three or four weeks. In the middle
of the night and at daybreak the
thermometer will fall 40 degrees lie
low zero. At midday, with the sun,
the temperature rises rapidly, so
that by 12 o’clock the thermometer
will stand at from zero to 10 degrees
above. You do not feel the cold as
much in Montana as in the New Eng
land or Middle States. It is a steady
dry cold. Dressed warmly, you do
not care for it. With the least ex
ercise you entirely forget how low
down is tlie mercury. This year has
been exceptional for the continuance,
and depth of the snowfall. The se-’
verity of the winter has made game
very abundant, and more deer and
antelopes have been killed than for
many years previous. A herd of
200 antelopes passed within two
miles of the ranch early this month,
and I often see from the house what
we call here white-tail deer. Four
of them have lived all winter in the
pasture, and two of these were killed
so near to the house that we drag
god them home through the snow.
Our cattle have not suffered from
the winter. There are some 1*00
which have been kept in view and
they look in good order, and even
some of the steers are fat. This sec
tion of Montana, I think, must be
come the great horse-raising center
of this country. English thorough
breds, Kentucky trotting stock, aud
good-blooded Clydes, Normans and
Percherdhs can all live here through
the winter on the open ranges. A
horse camp, as it is called in Mon
tana. is generally inactive during
winter. Pomp ol' stables does not
exist. A small log house or “shack,”
built ol cottonwood logs,a storehouse,
and barn,all constructed of logs.with
a strong corral, make up a horse
camp. In winter a man who is
called a ‘ horse wrangler” remains
alone in charge of the animals. The
horse wrangler only “keeps up” one
or two horses, because horses thus
kept up have to be fed on hay and
grain, both of which have to be
hauled a long distance to the camp,
and a horse breeder cannot afford to
feed any more horses than is strictly
necessary. In winter the horse wran
gler rides over the range, where the
horses are, and keeps count of them.
Horses are more easily handled than
cattle. During bad weather they
seem to be more active, for cattle
will do what is called “hump” them
selves. hunching their backs camel
fashion, and so stand motionless aud
take the storm, while horses will
move about seeking shelter. The
horse uses his feet and paws up the
snow to feed on the herbage, while
the cattle push aside the snow with
their noses. "When there is a stiff
crust of snow cattle will soon have
sore noses, and be forced to stop
feeding, whereas a horse will find
something toeat all day long. Range
horses, and even cattle, are often
fatter and in better condition after
winter of an ordinary kind than aui
mals which have been “kept up”
during the same time.
Montana is too far distant yet
from Chicago or New York to sup
ply the horse markets in those pla
ces now, because the cost of trans
portation is too high; but the time
will come when Montana horses will
! be scut to the Atlantic coast. To
day there is a big demand for hor
ses in Dakota for farming purposes,
and many of our animals are sold
there. There is a marked tendency
among Montana breeders to improve
their stock. Every year better im
ported stock is coming. Great at
tention is being paid to the produc
tion of a larger form of horse. The
demand for a cross between the na
tive stock and a good foreign one is
on the increase. A cross between
the Indian and Cay use and a well
bred stallion makes the best horse
for the “cattle outfit.” In the “round
up” hard riding and heavy saddles
use up a great many horses, and
new and fresh horses are always
wanted to replace old and broken
down ones. These small horses are
cheaper, and even quicker than the
larger breeds, and answer every pur
pose.
The Perchcron ami Norman seem
to be the favorite strains, auil cross
ing them with native stock lias for
product an excellent all-around
horse. Last year some very fine
Kentucky blood was brought into
the Territory. A good many horses
found their way here from Oregon
and some few from Washington Ter
ritory. When a man buys “a bunch
of horses” it is hard to say where
they come from. By a buucli is
meant any number from 50 to 300
head. A buyer has to take them as
they come. Some few may be old
and worn out, with some scrubs,but
generally there are many good hor
ses in the bunch and solue in fine
condition. Horses brought into the
Territory and sold in a “hunch”
bring from $20 to $100 a head. A
Cay use is worth $20; a good cross,
with fair blood and some size, $70,
and a really prime animal, $100.
Horses sold in a “bunch” are usual
ly unbroken.
In Montana, as in every other
State and Territory, there exists
the constitutional grumbler, and he
is always declaring that “there will
not be a hoof loft in the spring.” I
am aware that many sensational ac
counts have found tlieii way into
ihe Eastern journals teL'ing of the
utter destruction of eattlein Monta
na. Old and experienced cnttlemeu
acknowledge a small loss of stock,
bur they think as so many of their
cattle have gone through the worst
of it, as spring is near, they need
have no fears as to the good condi
tion of the cattle when the summer
and fall shipments are in order. The
Northern Pacific railroad holds mi
ller its control the entire freights of
this section, anil we consider that
$1.35 to $1.85 per hundred is a very
high rate. I am frequently called
upon by New York friends to give
them advice as to their coming out
to Montana, for man}' have ideas of
a eowbovish kind. My reply is,
“You cannot be a cowboy at a jump.
That ‘profession’ requires three or
four years of hard work in the way
of preparation.” Ranch life in win
ter is dull at times, blit there is al
ways an upportunity to be out of
doors.
MEN WHO DRESS STORE WIN
DOWS.
New York Mail and Express.
Five years ago Henry Samis was
a clerk employed by a small dry
goods store oil Sixth avenue. His
salary was $12 a week, and his du
ties required him to be at the store
each day from 7 o’clock in the morn
ing until 8 in the evening. Fortune
has smiled upon him since,and when
a reporter met him on Broadway a
few nights ago. he was dressed in
the height of fashion and wore dia
monds. During the conversation
that followed he revealed the cause
of his success.
“You remember when I was in my
old place how I used to kick when
they told me to tidy up the show
windows? said lie. ell, the very
thing I objected to was the making
of me. There was a felh w employed
in another dry-goods store a block
down who was forever putting the
windows of his place in shape. He
made me tired. My employer was
all the time after me to get ahead of
liiin and arrange our stock in an ad
vantageous manner. Finally I be
came so weary that I resolved one
day to pul every article he had for
sale conspicuously in the show win
dow. I did not know then that I
had struck the secret of window
trimming, but know it now. I went
to work with a vengeance, selected
samples of every article in the store,
arranged them in graceful draperies
and fantastic figures so that all
could be displayed, and resumed my
place behind the counter, inwardly
cursing my employer. Before two
days had passed I bad reason to
thank him. The representative of
a large house came to me and en
gaged my services to dress the win
dows of his establishment at an an
imal salary of $1,200. W bat ambi
tion I ever had was aroused from
that time. I have studied the art
of window decoration so frequently
since that I am now rated the best
man in the business. I draw a sal
ary of $85 a week and have a car
penter at my command to make
whatever frames I desire.
“The mania for window display
has grown wonderfully in this coun
try during the past four or five years.
All the large houses employ a man
at a good salary to do this work ex
clusively. Some of them go to the
greatest extremes. The house of
John Wanamaker A Co., in Phila
delphia, employs a window dresser
who has a corps of men under him.
He lias only to conceive the design.
They put it into the proper shape.
There is a large lumber room on the
premises, in which the frameworks
of his most successful ideas are
stored to be used some time in the
future. Several firms in New York
make a specialty of trimming the
windows of houses, which cannot af
ford to employ a trimmer of their
own. To be a good trimmer a man
must have been brought up to the
business. An exact knowledge of
the stock of goods on hand is very
necessary, for the most successful
window trimmer is one who cap dis
play to advantage the greatest va
riety or articles. Such work is done
during the night or in the early
morning, when there are few pass
ers-by."’
--
MANUFACTURE OF P E R
FUMES.
Chamber's Journal.
One essential princpial in perfume
culture is that all fancy and "im
proved'' variety of flowers arc dis
carded, and the natural, simple,old
fashioned kinds are exclusively
grown. The roses grown are the
common pink ones the single, wild
violet is preferred to all tiie larger
artificially-developed varieties, and
not a double tube rose is to be seen
on any farm. Only' the white jas
mine is used, the yellow and less
fragrant variety being either dis
carded our unknown. The jasmine
plants are set in rows about ten
inches apart, and are closely pruned
every year. Roses arc grown on the
lower terraces, and arc likewise cut
low, and the ground between the
trees heavily manured. After the
roses have been gathered, the stem
is cut to within a few' inches of the
ground,so as to conserve for the next
season the entire vigor of the plant.
I)u ring the harvest season traders,
or middlemen, go through the coun
try every day with wagons collecting
flowers from the farms, for which
they pay prices varying according
to the extent of the crop and the de
mands of the market. Their, fra
grant load is hurried to the nearest
manufacturer and delivered while
the flowers are still frc3h and crisp.
It is necessary that the flowers
should lie gathered in the morning
as soon as possible after the dews
of the preceding n'ght have disap
peared. In many cases laboratories
are erected on the flower farm itself,
and if the farm is of sutlicicnfc^i/.c
this adds very much to the profits.
This brings us to the subject of
the manufacture of perfumes, which
includes the making of “pomades”
and oils by the process of absorp
tion and of essence anil essential oils
by distillation, bvcry complete es
tablishmcnt is equipped with appa
ratus for all these processes.
Pomades are the commercial ve
hicle for absorbing and transporting
the perfumes of the jonquil, tube
rose, jasmine and a few other species
of flowers. A square frame or chas
sis of white wood, about twenty
inches by thirty inches in size, is
sot in with a pane of strong plate
glass. On each side of the glass is
spread a thin, even layer of grease,
which has been purified and refined.
Thus prepared, the frames arc piled
up in ranks six or seven feet high
to await ihe season of each special
flower. When the blossoms arrive
the petals are picked from the stem
—the pistils and stamins being dis
carded—and laid so as to cover the
grease in each frame. 1 hose being
again pihd so as to rest upon their
wooden edges, which fit closely to
jr( i her. there is formed a series of
tight chambers, the floors anti ceil
ings of which aie of grease, exposed
to the perfume of the llower leaves
within.
The gicase absorbs the perfume;
the flowers arc removed daily and
fresh ones supplied, and the process
woes on from two to four or five
months, accor ling to the desired
strength of the pomade, which, when
sufficiently charged with perfume is
taken from the glass with a wide,
thin spatula and packed in tin cans
for export, liy these methods the
delicate odor of flowers are extracted 1
and retained for transport to distant
markets, where being treated withal
cohol, th~y yield their perfume to
that stronger vehicle and produce
the flora l waters and extracts of
commerce. Coarser pomades arc
made by boiling the flowers in the
grease and subjecting the residue to
pressure. Th> spent pomades are
used, for toilet.purposes and in the
manufacture of fine soaps.
It, is a curious fact that all the
element*’- of tho poison found in a
rattlesnake are inherent in the com j
raon Irish potato.
ODDS AND ENDS.
The governors of Idaho and Nevada are
brothers.
The state of New York maintains fourteen
insane asylums.
More than 300 persons had mumps at one
time in Rome, Mich., recently.
The legal rate of interest will be 6 per
cent, in Michigan after Sept. 25.
The first American lodge of FreeMosons
was established in Boston July 30,1733.
It is said there are more causeless and cruel
evictions in New York dty than in Ireland.
Idaho has a population of 80,000 and thirty
throe newspapers, one to every 2,400 inhabit
ants.
An elevated road is to be bnilt in Los
Angeles and operated by electricity to Mon
rovia.
Twenty sportsmen of Foster county, Dak.,
turned out the other day and killed 2,351 go
phers.
A failure to vaccinate is punished at
Phoenix, A. T., by $300 fluo or six months
in jaiL
Three miles of bookcases, eighteen feet
high, cannot hold the books of the British
museum.
It has boon calculated that if 32,000,000 per
sons should clasp hands they could reach
around the globe.
Hillsdale, Mich., has a great curiosity in
the shape of a buff Cochin chicken with four
legs and four wings.
A fly at Elberon, N. J., in chnrch was the
other day observed to land on bald heads
which represent $161,000,000.
A tramp giving the name of George Davis
was arrested in Chambenburg, Pa, after a
lively race, for stealing a Bible.
A 6t Louis (Mich.) dentist advertises
weekly the names of his patients and the
number of teeth extracted for each.
The first known circulating library is said
to be that of St Pamphilus of Cmsarea, who
in 800 A. D. collected 30,000 volumes to lend
out.
Seats in the San Francisco stock board are
valued at from $5,000 to $7,000. In tho days
of tho mining craze they used to command
$40,000.
The Piute population in Nevada has in
creased nearly 2,000 since the census of 1880.
On that date it wns 7,700. It is estimated
now at 9,200.
Leesburg, Ga, has five men whose aggre
gate weight is 1,380 pounds, and they meas
ure thirty-one feet and five inches, an aver
age height of six feet and three inches
' each.
There is a nogro man living near Coleman,
Ga, who is tho father of thirty-four children.
He is 84 years old, has his third wife with a
babe at her breast, and is as active as most
men at 50.
Keuesaw poet, G. A. R, of Danville, III, has
adopted Pert Zeres and Katie Funk as the
daughters of tho post, and have presented
them with blue sashes with gilt letter in
scriptions.
Tho victims in the Comstock mine have
averaged one a week through the twenty
nf>v‘W1 y -f||t led* ho* bee* worked.
At least 1,400 miners have been sacrificed
there by fire, gas, dead air, falls, caving in,
explosions or accidents to machinery.
Tho paper in the United States having the
shortest name is The Au, a German weekly :
published in Miiwaukeo. That city also pos
sesses tho paper with the longest title. It is
called Die Deutsche Amerikanische Gewerbo
und Industrie Zeitung: Fortschritt der Zoit
For sunstroke the simplest remedies are a
cold bath and ice applications; for heat ex- j
haustion rest and tonic are the best remedies; >
for heat apoplexy any treatment aimed at
drawing the blood from the brain is the most <
useful. It is list to take modical advice in
order to obtain tho most speedy recovery.
Oro rich in nickel and cobalt has been
found near Hot Springs. A tunnel is now
being cut on a fine vein north of the town,
and already several hundred tons of ore are
on the dump. Analysis shows clearly 0 per
cent, of nickol, which, it is said, makes this
the richest nickel oro ever found in America.
A St. Louis company is working tho ores.
Fairmount park of Philadelphia contains
3,000 acres and is eleven miles long. Central
park of New York includes 834 acres, costing
$15,000,000 for tho land and improvements.
Tho Chicago parks cover 2,000 acres, and
those of St. Louis about the same. Prospect
park, Brooklyn, includes nearly 600 acres,
and Druid Hill park of Baltimore 680 acres.
An analyst who reads character from
handwriting has been examining Gen. Bou
langer's signature. He finds that the writer
has energy and resolution joined to great
Ixmevolence. Constancy is a marked char
cteristic, while a desire to command and a
onsciousncss of personal worth are also in
icated. There is also shown a tendency to
mock at men and things in a mildly satirical
way.
Gilbert and Sullivan are said, on the au
thority of a London newspaper man, tvbo is
very close to the D’Ojley Carto management,
to be preparing an opera on an American
subject with special reference to the Wild
West craze, which Buffalo Bill has made
fashionable in England. Cowboys, scouts
and good and bad Indians will figure in it ex
tensively, and it will be produced simultane
ously in London and New York.
An ancient Spanish spur, along with some
pieces of ancient crockery and portions of •
human skeleton, were plowed np by a farm
laborer near Austin, Tex., the other day.
The spur, rust eaten, is unlike anything else
in this age, and is stated by antiquarians to
belong to the Spanish era of three centuries
ago. It is a foot from tip to tip, and the
rowel is a half foot in diameter. The spur
Is supposed to have been worn by the man
portions of whose bones were found with it.
STORIES OF CHILDREN.
Little 3-year old Harry loves to gather
flowers, ho one day, while his Aunt Ellen was
there, he brought in some “Sweet Williams”
and held them up to her sayiug, “Aunty, I
couldn’t find only two Uncle Williams.”—
Youth’s Companion.
The other night fair little Margherita at
tended a children’s party, and after the re
turn homo her brother spoke in admiration of
a little girl whom he had seen there, and
whom ho pronounced very nice. "All little
girls are nice," said Margherita, gravely.
“I’m nice.’’—Boston Transcript
“Pa,” said a little N<5w York boy who was
reading a morning paper, “what are they
going to do with Mrs. Ginger Ale?” The
parent snatched the paper from the boy, and
discovered that Mra. Ginger Ale was the
boy’s method of pronouncing “Mrs. Cig
narale.”—'Texas Siftings.
The elementary physiology class was al
ways an interesting one, the pupils made so
many queer statements, os “If anybody comes
into the house with wet feet, he should take
them off as soon as possible;” and the follow
ing hygienic maxim, “Ice water should not
be eaten at meal time.” To the question,
“What organ of the body warns tbe lungs of
the presence of bad air?” a boy gives the de
lightfully inconsistent answer, “Bronchitis."
- Exchange.
Frequent and thorough washings
will preserve the alasticity of rub-.
ber.
SCENES IN NORWAY.
A PEEP AT THE MOST NORTHERN
FORT IN THE WORLD.
A Visit to tlie Public School* of Vnrtlo.
PleuAaut unil Entertaining Exercise*.
Maloilnruu* Factories for Kemlerlng
Whale Itlubber Into Oil.
Vardo is the most easterly town In Nor
way, located on au island of the same
name in the Arctic ocean, in latitude 70
degrees 20 minutes 80 seconds north. It
is separated from the mainland by a chan
nel two miles wide, and contains a popu
lation of abont 2,000. It claims the most
northern fort in tdl the world, wliich is
garrisoned by sixteen men and has an
armament of about au eqnal number of
old fashioned cannon, making a limn for ,
each gun. The keystone of an arch over
the entra*icc to the rntnpart bears the date
“1737.”
There beiug two public schools in the
place, and I naturally having a curiosity
to visit a seat of learning whose founda
tions were lashed by the Arctic wave, I
entered the larger of the two by a rear
door, for there was no entranco from the
street nor at either end. I was kindly
and politely saluted by the teacher, and
on entering the main room the pupils
arose in a body and liowed to me. A
seat was giveu me and a book was placed
in my hand that I might follow the boys
and girls through their rending lesson,
which wa3 characterized in some meas
ure by that doleful cnuncintiou so often
heaid in rural schools. The girls wore
the inevitable handkerchief about their
heads. A bit of lithe cano in a corner
represented the i>edngogic mnee. The
rooms on this day, the 8th of July,
were heated by coal stoves. The school
contained four departments, under n
male principal, and three assistant female
teachers, all intelligent and wide awake.
From the principal’s room I passed to
an adjoining one in charge of a bright
and neatly attired young lady, who re
quired her pupils to sing for me, and
strove with graceful tact to make the exor
cises pleasant and intelligible to one
totally ignorant of the lauguuge. It wan
almost pitiful to sec some of tho girl*
caressing small bunches of puny dande
lion blossoms that seemed ns precious to
them as it vicW>ria repia would lie to a
southern maid. Others were nursing n
few sprays of millefolium in bottles of
water, nml one couM only wonder that so
stunted and sparse a flora could beget uny
love for flowers at all; and yet geraniums
and roses in tho windows of tho better
houses are not uncommon. Excepting a
small and unimportant one at Hannuer
fest, this is the most northern school in
the world, and after a pleasant hour there
in I departed.
The remainder of the day I concluded
to spend in visiting the wlmle “fabriks;”
that is, the establishments for rendering
whale blubber into oil and transforming
the krang (flensed carcasses) info artificial
gunuo. I have had occasion already to
in—lion —mi of the most northern
things in the world; hero I discovered the
most powerful stench in nil Europe, and
probably In the world, and yet I felt will
ing to brave it to witness a dissection of
leviathans. There are around Vnrdo four
or live establishments, each having several
steam whalers constantly scouring tho
seas off the const in pursuit of whales,
bloating in the channel before the dif
ferent factories were forty flensed car
casses, some swollen to enormous propor
tions. Two large whales, one seventy-five
feet in length, were drawn out on the
shore, one with the blubber newly re
moved, tho other fresh from tho
water. Several men mounted the latter
by a ladder anil clambered about on
its smooth, slippery skin by means of
sharp spikes attached to the soles of their
boots; with blubber knives two feet In
length in long wooden handles, they made
transverse incisions ns deep ns the blubber
—nlxmt twelve inches in this cose—and
five or six feet long, and then running
the ent longitudinally for thfrty feet, a
blanket of fat was ready for removal; a
chain was attached to the farther end, and
by tho power of a windlass in the factory
this prodigious slab of blubber, weeing
several tons, was slowly tom from the
carcass. This process was continued till
the flensing was completed. In the fact
ory the blubber is cut into small pieces
for the ‘‘trying out” pots. Tho flesh of
the flensed carcass is then cut down into
large pieces that are dragged and pitched
with flesh hooks to snmll cars; it is then
taken to drying furnaces, where it is
rendered friable. When tho flesh and
viscera have been removed, the work of
chopping down the flinty forest of bonea
is commenced; tho bones are also sub
jecieu 10 me uryuig luinurc, anu wneu
parched arc ground together with the
flesh into a powder, which is barreled and
shipped to all parts of Europe os a fer
tilizer.—James Ricalton in Outing.
How Consumption is Communicated.
Professor Ruble, of Bonn, In a recent
paper on consumption of the lungs, states
tlmt in his opinion the most frequent man
ner of contracting this malady is from a
diseased jierson through the sputa, also
through the glands, exfoliations from the
skin, or any way in which the poison may
appear on the surface and be transported
by means of pocket handkerchiefs, wash
ing, etc. The fact that the attendant* in
hospitals who have the care of consump
tives are seldom attacked with the disease,
corniced the writer that it is not the air
through which the germs are carried, but
itcommunicated in another inode, in
fact, the way in which the members of
tiic family kiss and fondle the patient and
handle his linen. From one member of
the family the special germ which excite*
the disease goes to another. Instances
can frequently lx; found, on inquiry,where
the parents transmit the disease to their
children; in such cases the family physi
cian should put in his word of warning.—
Boston Herald.
Kxther mi Kxsiggerated Type.
The German, the Frenchman, the Eng
lishman, would not like to be taken for
i.ny thing else; why should the American?
] don't know, hut it is so. I have never
Keen more than two or three Americans in
Europe of whom I was able to believe that
they would not lie secretly pleased to lx;
mistaken for Englishmen. Very often,
indeed, I have hud young men approach
me in conversation in continental hotels or
car; and confide tome in the purest Chi
cago or St. Louis idiom that they were
English. One of these, I rtine-mlx*r, a re
fugee in Palis from the earthquake pnufc
on the Riviera last winter, gravely an
swered me, when I asked him what part
of England he came from, ‘’The county
of Berkshyrc.” Of course this sort of
young fool Ls familiar in America, and his
folly is properly commented upon. But
lie is after all only an exaggerated type of
the great average ma:>s of Americans who
* warm over tbe continent during the opei i
season.—London Cor. New ^ ork Times.
--—
Cliicntro lias Loon roociviru? eattle
at the rate of 50.000 per week, a
rate never before equaled there.