West Virginia Democrat. [volume], December 23, 1887, Image 2

About West Virginia Democrat. [volume] (Charles Town, W. Va.) 1885-1890

Image provided by: West Virginia University

                
It is more important how men
think than how they vote. To ad
vance the truth it is more import
ant to exeite thought and arouse
conscience than to win an election.
THE BLAIR BILL.
We give below the vote in the
Senate of the United States on tak
ing up the Blair Educational Bill,
which provides for distributing $76,
000,000, during a period of eight
rears, among the States in propor
tion to illiteracy.
Those papers in the State which,
like the Wheeling Register, are act
ively engaged in concealing what
the people most desire to know, will
carefully refrain from publishing
this vote.
The Democrat will continue to
publish the votes on all important
questions in the Congress of the
Cniteil States, iu order that the con
stituent body may know how their j
representatives are voting, and ,
whether they are voting at all, or
not.
THE VOTE OX THE BLAIR BILL.
The vote in detail by which the
ltlair Education Bill was taken up j
in the Senate on the 20th inst, was
as follows: Yeas—Allison, Berry,
Blackburn, Blair, Blodgett, Brown,
Call, Chandler, Cullom. Davis,
Dawes, Dolpb, Edmunds, Evarts,
Frye, George, Hampton. Hiscock,
Ingalls. Jones of Arkansas, Mander
son. Mitchell, Morrill, Paddock,
Palmer, Pasco, Payne, Platt, Pugb,
Hansom, Kiddleberger. Sawyer, Sher
man, Stockbridege, Teller, Turpie,
Vance, Wilson of Iowa—38. Nays
—Bate, Beck, Butler, Cockrell, Coke,
Faulkner, Gorman, Gray, Harris,
Hawley, Hearst, Morgan. Reagan,
Saulsbury, Vest—15.
ARE THE FARMERS FOOLS?
The agricultural laborers and
producers in West Virginia outnum
ber all other kinds of laborers and
producers by more than two to one.
Of direct State and municipal taxes,
the farms and other real estate pay
about eighty-nine per cent.
Notwithstanding these facts, the
voters of the State are coolly reques
ted to stultify themselves by keep
ing in office politicians who are in
favor of keeping up War Duties on
importations.
Wbat is the result?
The obvious and natural result is
that the countries of Europe who are
dependent on us for cereals, not be
ing allowed to sell ustheirown goods
and products in return, are begin
ning to retaliate by imposing a coun
ter-tariff on grain importations, as
will be seen by the following ex
tract:
Germany’s Tariff Tactics.
Berlin, .May 11.—It is stated
that the increase in the Russian du
ties on impoits.recently put in force,
has had the effect of bringing the
German government to a decision to
increase the German duties on cere
als from three to six marks as a re
prisal. Advices from the Black Sea
ports state that the grain shipping
is m a state of feverish activity, ex
porters rushing cargoes toGermanv
in order to glut the markets before
the new grain tariff can be put in
operation. It is officially announced
that the Government intends to pro
pose a provisional prohibitive edict
against excessive grain imports
prior to the introduction of the bill
raising the corn duties.
The 1*a. State Grange was in
session last week and Overseer T.
S. McSparrow, of Lancaster county,
made a powerful report in favor of
tariff reform. He appealed to the
farmers not to be misled on the raw
material, and gave figures to show
that to protect a wool industry
amounting to $45,000,000 the people
pay as consumers an excess of $146.
000,000. Then he quoted from fig
ures showing the assessed valuation
of farms to illustrate how freight
discriminations were unjust taxa
tions and high tariffs are crippling
the agricultural resources. From
1850 to 1860, under low tariff, farms
increased 100 percent, in valuation;
from 1860 to 1870. under high tariff,
41 per cent., and from 1870 to 1880,
also under high tariff, only 0 per
cent. He opposed the repeal of the
internal revenue tax. and favored
tariff reform, but not indiscriminate
free trade.
Some real estate property, chiefly
town lots, belonging to estate of the
late Gen. Bob. Toombs, in the vil
lage of Washington. Georgia, was
sold at auction about ten days ago.
It brought $12,055, and was assess
ed for taxation at $11,700. As some
of the property advertised was with
drawn because the bids were too low,
this sale shows that Georgia assess
ments are much nearer the inatket
value than in West Virginia. With
us. town property seems assessed
for about two-thirds its value.
CONGRESSMEN.
The lower House consists of 333
men. Ot the last House 196 mem
bers wore reelected. Judge Kelley,
l*a , is the oldest member He was
47 when he entered Congress, in
1861, and he has been a member con
stantly since then, a period of 26
years. (It is easy for the representa
tive. t»f a special interest to be re
elected.) White, the N. V. Broker,
was born in 1831 in North Carolina.
Sunset (.’ox was l>oru in 1824. Six
teen of the 34 N. V. members was
born between 40 and 30. 1 here j
are in the House 210 lawyers from !
the States, and 3 of the 8 delegates 1
from the Territories are attorneys, j
There are 17 farmers and planters, j
16 manufacturers, 13 merchants, 10
bankers, 10 editors and 6 doctors.
One hundred and seventy-eight
members were educated in colleges i
or universities of greater or less de- ;
greeof prominence. California,Col- j
orado, Oregon have no college men I
in their delegations in the House. |
Maryland has five college men out j
of a total of six. Mississippi five oat
of seven, New Jersey one out ot sev- ;
en. New York eight out of thirty- j
four, Ohio four out ot twenty-one,
South Carolina six out of seven, (3 |
of them Harvard graduates,) Texas
two out of eleven. Alabama has i
five college men, two who put them- ;
selves dow n as “self educated,” and
one West Point graduate—General
Wheeler, who is, by the way, the
only man iu the House who was ed
ucated at the Military Academy.
Eighty-two members and one dele
gate were in the Union array and 58
members were in the Confederate;
army.
There are some odd facts about
the nativity of Representatives. For
instance, only one of the membeis
from Texas was born in that State.
Of the Alabama delegation only two
were natives of the State, North
Carolina and Georgia having pro
duced two each, South Carolina one
and Virginia one. Only two Arkan
sas Representatives are natives of
Arkansas. None of the California
Representatives were born in the
State from which they came to Con
gress. Twenty-six of the New York
Representatives were born in the
Empire State, the other eight inclu
ding one native of North Carolina,
[White] and one of Ohio, [Cox.]
But there are 39 natives of the State
in Congress. 4 of them coming from
Illinois, 2 from Wisconsin, and 1
each from the States of Connecticut,
Iowa. Kansas, Nebraska. New Jer
sey, Ohio and Pennsylvania. Penn
sylvania is the mother State of 35
Representatives, and Ohio claims
30. There are 9 Irish-born Repre
sentatives, 0 Scotchmen, 3 English
men, 3 Bavarians, 2 Norwegians, 2
Canadians, 1 Swede and 1 Prussian.
MINES.
A writer in one of the N. V. pa
pers, speaking of the gold and silver
mines, says:
There are 2'J'.> companies, whose
stock is dealt in, with a capital of
over $1,200,000,000. The average
stock per mine is over $4,000,000.
THE B. & O. POLICY.
How it Crushed West Virginia Indus
tries—The Future Action.
A letter from Wheeling to the
New York Tribune of November 25,
contains the following:
The reorganization of the Balti
more and Ohio Railroad Company,
perfected as claimed under the di
j rection of the New York syndicate,
j is not looked upon with favor in
this Slate. The people of West Vir
ginia teel that they were made to
1 suffer under the old regime of the
; Baltimore anil Ohio company, and
I the new organization foreshadows,in
! effect, a continuance of the old policy
which brought the company to grief
anil prevented the establishment of
anv local industries along its line.
For thirty years the Baltimore and
; Ohio company charged the people of
West Virginia $20 more per carload
on cattle shipped from any point in
the State to Baltimore than it did
on cattle shipped from Ohio and
Chicago, although the distance is
from 200 to 400 miles farther. The
natural result is that the cattle in
dustry in this State is destroyed
and most men that pursued it broke, j
Same in a large measure holds true j
■ of the lumber interests. The policy
| ot the Baltimore and Ohio company
has been such as to discourage all
local enterprises on its line in this
I State, so much so that there is not
to-day an iron furnace in operation
from Baltimore to the Ohio river.
The Baltimore and Ohio Company
has always fought and attempted to
crush every feeder and connection
which it did not own. It opposed the
Ohio River Railroad Company (con
trolled by Senator Camden and his
j friends) until it forced that com
pany toa connection with the Penn
sylvania Railroad at Wheeling.
Just now it is beginning hostile
1 movement against the Clarksburg
and Weston road, an important
branch. It is an open light with
the Grafton and Greenbrier road
coming in at Grafton, and it has
made an effort to seize a majority of
the stock in that company and
thereby control the read. In the
pending litigation it is a curious fact
that Vice-President Spencer swears
to one state of facts and John W.
Mason, a leading lawyer at Grafton
and one of the counsel of the Haiti
more and Ohio, swears to what is
construed here to be the opposite.
Coming further East the most im
port connection of the Baltimore and
Ohio which it does not own is reach
ed at Piedmont, owned by the West
Virginia Central and Pittsburg
Kailroad Company, being known as
the Davis and Elkins road. The
Baltimore and Ohio company are
understood here to have waged war
against tuis company tor the past
four years. At one time it seized
185 freight cars of the Davis and
Elking road beside discriminating
against it. Last summer Charles
F. Mayer, president of one of the
Baltimore and Ohio branch lines,
with the aid of Baltimore and Ohio
employes tore up nearly a mile of
the track of the Piedmont and Cum
berland road, an extension of the
Davis and Elkins line to Cumber
land, took away the ties and rails
and still holds them. In this way
Mayer and the Baltimore and Ohio
company stopped shipments over the
Piedmont line for about three
months.
All this and many other things
calculated to offend the people of
West Virginia have occurred under
the old administration of affairs,
.Mr. Spencer being the chief execu
tive officer, who, according to ad
vices, is to be made the new Presi
dent in the reorganization. It is
also said that Mr. Mayer, now in
the Board, is to be made Vice Pres
ident. The New York syndicate
had a fine opportunity to rescue the
Baltimore and Ohio property from
its perils, but there is an apprehen
sion that it has not made use of it.
The opinion is current throughout
the State that the old influence that
controlled the Baltimore and Ohio
company has misled and deceived
the New York syndicate. If the
syndicate had made a clean sweep,
appointed uew officers and inaugu
rated a liberal locaVpolicy toward
the people, put the company in har
mony with all connecting compan
ies and lines, there is no doubt that
success would have followed such a
con rse.
The Davis ami Elkins railroad
company has suits against tire Bal
timore and Oh'o company, Mayer
and others for tearing up tracks,
appropriating ties and rails, bolding
tars and discrimination amounting
to nearly $500,000. These suits are
in the hands of competent attorneys
and will be pushed.
The people on and near the lines
or the Baltimore and Ohio and par
ties controlling collections feel so
bitterly toward the Baltimore and
Ohio company that it is current
talk now that the conduct of the
company in West Virginia will be
made the subject of inquiry at the
next session of the Legislature to
see if in some way redress mav be
had for the grievances they have
been suffering for so long a time.
OBNOXIOUS TRUST COMPANIES
Philadelphia Times.
The rapidity with which the so
called trust monopolies are spring
ing into existence of late has made
tho subject one of grave importance
to the public. The Standard Oil
Trust is oi long standing, and its
successful efforts to crash all indi
vidual refiners and exporters of oil
have become iiistory. Now we have
a cotton seed oil trust, gas rusts,
big and little, a sugar trust, a lead
trust ami a whisky trust, and there
is no reason why we should not soon
have a grain and flour trust, and in
fact a trust in control of every arti
cle that has become, in any sense, a
necessity of human existence or com
fort.
These new combinations to mo
nopolize the production and sale of
given commodities are unknown in
law. They are neither corporate nor
individual'enterprises, but a myste
rious combination of all the chief
corporations and individuals enga
ged in the business they seek to con
trol. living organized without law,
their promoters naturally claim ex
emption from legal control or restric
tion, and it must be said that so far
the trusts have been allowed to be a
law unto themselves. No one out
side of the parties engaged has ever
been allowed to see the articles of
agreement under which one of these
trusts is conducted, and in many in
stances it is claimed that the officers
and stockholders of the individual
corporations composing the trust are
not allowed to see the agreement
under which they are supposed to be
doing business.
That these mysterious organiza
tions are a menace to the public in
terests, can scarcely be doubted.
They are intended to make money
for the few who engage in them and
to prevent others from making mon
ey who may prefer to engage in the
same business on their own account.
Their sole object is to command a
high price for the articles controlled,
with the addition that none but
members of the trust shall reap the I
advantages of the high prices. Pri
ces will be placed at a very low fig- I
ure temporarily to crush out a com
petitor only to be advanced when j
competition has ceased. They work
a two fold evil in enhancing the
price of the necessaries of life and
driving hundreds of people out of a •
legitimate business which should
hare furnished them a comfortable
livelihood.
Just at present the trusts seem to
having their own way, and their
promoters and beneficiaries are ask
ing what the public is going to do ;
about it. It is evident that if the
public does not do something about
it, a very heavy tax will have to be
paid in the end for this negligence.
The prices of all the necessaries that
can be controlled by these small and
select aggregations of capitalists are
sure to be kept higher than they
would he if the law of natural com
petition was allowed full force. The
savingattributed to Senator Sprague
—that he “knew of nothing more
selfish, cruel and heartless than a
million of dollars, except that it be
two millions,” will be verified with
a vengeance in the ease of these gi
gantic trusts if they are not brought
under some sort of control.
WOOL AND THE TARIFF.
N. Y. Post.
The trouble with the wool-grow
ers iu Ohio, Michigan, and Iowa is
that they are trying to compete in
sheep grazing on land worth $50 to
$100 an acre, with land in other
places and countries wortn nothing
per acre. It makes no difference 1
whether the land worth nothing per
acre is in Texas or Australia, in
Oregon or Soifth America, in Mon
tana or South Africa, or all combin
ed, the attempt to compete on high- ;
priced land is sure to fail, and no i
tariff can prevent failure. We pro- (
pose to show how it has failed in
one of the most important “Grang
er” States. The Auditor of the
State of Iowa has just issued his
biennial report, which embraces the
numbers and assessed values, as
shown by the tax assessors’ books,
of the live stock of all kinds that
are assessed and taxed by the head.
He also summarizes the reports for
the last twentv one years; and by a
singular and very fortunate coinci- ;
dence this period reaches back to
the enactment of the famous “tariff
of 1867,” a demand for whose resto
ration has been the wool growers* •
shibboleth since 1883. It is fair to
presume that that tariff was a eru- ;
cial experiment, by whose results j
the wrool-growers are pledged to
abide. It was very high. It has ;
got the credit for a good deal of
wool-growing development which
was really due to the opening of a
vast new territory, far better adapt- j
ed to the business than anybody
supposed existed in the United ,
States, in the Southwest. Hut let us j
see how it worked in a State where
the industry was already well es- I
tablishcd.
Hut before we give the report on
sheep let us, for the purpose of iu ;
telligent comparison, examine the I
growth of other live-stock interests 1
which cannot possibly be “protect •
ed.” Here are the official figures: i
1807 1887
Tattle .080,109 2,741,875 i
Horses .343,5113 859,815 |
Mules . . . 17,207 41,255 I
Hogs .-t j0,412 1,825,353 1
Here is iu each case a great in- J
crease, and one which does credit to j
the State. The only other kind of
stock included in the summary is
the protected sheep:
(The Post jrivcs the number of sheep
in Iowa for every year from ’87 to ’87.
We condense by tnkinp the number
ever}’ 5 years.)
Year. No. Sheep.
1m!7 1,854,606
I 1872. 518,118
1*77 »48,439
! 1882 . 438,407
1867 271,235
Comment cannot add to the elo
! quenee of these statistics. Never ;
was there a more terrific slaughter 1
of the innocents than followed at
, once upon the heels of protection to |
Iowa sheep. The first year after they
were “protected” 9G,000of them per
ished; the next year 158,000, the
next year 240,000, the next year
300.000—a greater number than
were left at the end of ten years,
when nearly four-fifths of them had
disappeared. Never since that time
have there been one-third as many
as there were before the wool-grow
ers secured the extreme protection
they demanded.
The wool-growers now contend
that there was f. great reduction of
the wool tariff in 1883, and that
this is the sole cause of the decline
of their industry. Hut aside from
the fact that the Treasury Report
t just out shows that the average ad
valorem duty on raw wool was 3G.08
per centum In 1887 and 37.30 per
centum in 1882, this Iowa report
shows that the loss of sheep in that
State for the year preceding the
enactment of the tariff of 1883
was nearly 37,000. while the average
annual loss since then has been less j
than 33,000.
In Prohibition Kansas they run
tlie “blind tiger” when the}’ want a
drink. In the centre ot the room
they have a big wheel with compart
ments in it. You put your money
and order in one of these compart- j
monts and the wheel turns around,
and in a few minutes whatever you
have ordered comes around on the ,
wheel, so that you can't see who \
sells you the liquor, and no one can
be arrested.
About three years ago the Astors
bought for #440,000 3,000 lots of
laud in the neighborhood of 153d
street and Sherman avenue, in this
city, 400 of which they sold last
week to Cornelius Vanderbilt for
#500,000. As the 400 lot9 which
thev sold were the least valuable of
the whole plot, the plot is now worth
at least #3.500,000, or an increase in
three years of over #3.000.000.—V. :
1'. Sun, Dec. 1st.
THE TOBACCO TAX.
Last July Congressman Hre-ekin
ridge made an elaborate report
against a resolution to “reDeal the
taxes upon tobacco and upon the
sale and manufacture thereof.”
This report discusses at length the
relation of this proposition to the
whole question of taxation, conciud
ing as follows:
“The adoption of the proposed
resolution would reduce the revenue
for 1887 $30,000,000: it would not
reduce the number of office holders,
nor the expense of the internal rev
enue machinery: it would postpone
any hope of a revision of the present
taritf. and it would not relieve
American industry of a single bur
den, open to American products an
additional market, or remove from
American labor any of its real bur
dens. Under the plea of aid to ti e
farmer it rivets more tightly the
chains of a prohibitory tariff, so that
his cotton, wheat, • pork and other
products must be sold at prices fix
ed in foreign markets, while the
price of his clothing, implements of
industry and shelter is fixed in the
home market, under duties which
average over 46 per cent., the much
larger proportion of which duties is
not taxes paid to his Government.,
but bounties paid to fellow-citizens
no more entitled to this invidious
governmental aid than he, and be
cause of whose associated interfer
ence with and influence over legis
lation the burdens and inequalities
of the present svtem ean not be re
moved.”
Here is the case against the re
peal of tbe tobacco tax so stated as
to be in itself conclusive.
The vote to submit a prohibitory
amendment is the first step in the
processes which finally result in a
mighty change in the organic law
by which the private right of the
citizen to consult his own tastes and
comfort is destroyed and his control
over his own individual conduct
subjected to the will of a majority.
It is important that this principle
should he constantly kept in view in
the controversy over Prohibition
which has begun in Pennsjdvania.
PUBLIC SALE.
I WILL soil at my farm, “Bloomery
Hall,” two and a-half miles east of
Charlestown,on the Shonondoah river,
on
Wednesday, December 28tli,
1887, the following property, to-w it: On
a credit of 12 months on sums of $10 and
upwards, with interest from date with
approved security—
20 HEAD OF CATTLE,
some fat, 10 of them ready for market
by March;
6 MILCH COWS, 6
will he fresh in early Spring;
TWENTY HEAD OF SHEEP,
10 of them last Spring Lambs, one (Jrav
Pony, elegant for family use. I will
also oiler tor sale on the same day about
500 Acres Good Land,
all in Jefferson county.
My town farm about 50 acres, pur
chased in 1835; about 20 tons of good nay
on said farm will be sold. Also my farm
“Bloomery Hall,” containing
105 Acres
of elegant land, and good
l)WELLI\(i & TE\A\T HOUSE,
good Barn, Carriage and Hen House;
Kitchen and all out buildings in good
repair. This farm has one of the l>est
Springs (near the dwelling) in Jefferson
county, and good Spring House; also
good Orchard. About fin acres of said
farm is set in grass.
Also at the same time and place will
be sold
About 250 Acres of Land,
on the east side of the Shenandoah river
—all in good timber—has been in my
possession 33 years and has been taken
good care of. This land will be sold iu
5 and in acre lots—County Head running
through said land. This*land extendsto
the bank of the Shenandoah river.
I will also sell a Decree from the Coun
ty Court in my favor of Starry vs. Coojh
e*r of $800.
Also sell a life ir.terest of Mrs. A. M.
Schaltz in Mt. Hammond I'erry—free
use of road to and from Shannondale
Springs, and a nearer road to Round
I till, Loudoun county, Va , only 5 miles
distant.
13?* I will also sell two offices in the
Hunter Row, oppos'te the Court-house,
in Jetlerson county. One-third cash,and
the balance in one and two years.
My two o.Pces opposite* the Court
house contain IJ feet each front, running
back 45 feet. These offices will l>e sold
separately.
I have a'so on my “Bloomery Ilall”
farm a good C'stern, • lot of Sheaf Oats
and 20 bushels of Rye.
TERMS OF SALE.—One-third cash,
and the balance in one and two years,
negotiable notes with approved securi
ty, payable at the People’s Bank of Mar
tinsniirg, W. Va., purchaser giving a
deed of trust on land to secure deferred
pavments.
P. S.—Persons having business with
me will tind me after the 20ih of Janua
ry, 1888, at the Howard House, City of
Ball iniore, Md.
FuU possession given on the 31st day
of. December, 1ks7.
Sixty bouse logs. 20 ice. long.
dec9*,’87-3t. JOSEPH STARRY.
ileflebower and Anderson auctioneers
Farms Wanted.
We arc having some inquiries for
Farms in Jefferson county, W. Va. So
if vou have a farm or other property for
sale please send us price and descrip
tion. Our facilities for finding you a
buyer are unsurpassed.
Address M. L. Funkhouser A* Co., Real
Estate Agents, Hagerstown, Md. 1
D 23-it
FRESH STONE LIME,' j
Sold by T. P. LIPPITT |
DOORS AND WINDOWS, j
kept bv T. P. LIPPITT.
Interior view of one of the Manufacturing Departments of the Great Retail Store
A HEARTY WELCOME
Walkers ami taken at once to the Baggage Room w here all, s « or call
t iken care of free of charge, ami cheeks given for it—so that hi « an semi <>r <.Hl*
lor it at anv time. The Visitor is then taken a tour thro^‘'^
never fails to gratify and please him, as from root to has ' £fi.diSTn«!
full of every possible appliance to save lalsir andeconoti iize tune. Muil' f ‘iih
hydraulic power are used in a dozen different ways, anti tin* placi i. >' r
a network of wires and tubes for expeditious communication. >'>
the visitors will find themselves surrounded with evcr\ thing a man i an r» piir "*
Clothing and Furnishing Goods, manufaetun <1 right ,! ,1'. L:11
full'swims'. ' on*fhe fourtii tioor'Vlm visitor is shown the |-"» ■ -s
from the entrance of a piece of cloth into the house to the heautilulU i.wished gar
ment ready to put on. The long experience and great ,l/Yc-s‘In overv
facilities which this House enjoys enables it to undersell all othc.H in c'erj <*e
partment. This ue guarantee.* Visitors are always welcomed cordial y, but to
those who are unable to come our Sample Order Department sends samples, self
measurement blanks and illustrated catalogues, free on application.
OEHM’S ACME HALL,
Great American Clotting and Famishing Honse,
Baltimore Street, one Door West of Charles,
ZB^T-iTIiMIOIFtlE, IMIID.
oct28,1887. —
COOKE k 0 ON,
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03
; <j
flanvel Wind Engines
Main Street, Charlestown, West va.
-DEALERS IN
All Kinds of Hardware.
Also a Large Stock of
GUM AND LEATHER BELTING.
i Agricultural Implements of all Kinds.
-AGENTS FOR
DUPONT’S BLASTINC & SPORTING POWDER.
july22,’87-y. _
(Tilt ©tkclcr & llilson. ®o. flint. .
u o
-o
A Sow Machine, l'mvracinR all the Latest Improvements.
1 ■
j Salesroom in Riniv Building, Main St., Next Door to L. D.
Getze.udaner’s Hardware Store.
| _
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Those ■ cho wish a sewing machine embodying all the result of inventive skill ana
eonstri ietc*i to do the best ol service for a lifetime, should not fail to examine our
WHEELER & WILSON AGENCY,
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