The San Francisco call. [volume], November 01, 1896, Page 27, Image 27

About The San Francisco call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1895-1913

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.New .Motor for Life
j Saving on the Deep
Shaped Like a Torpedo and Run by "Elec
tricity or Spring, Bracing Hea^y Surf
The latest device for communication
between a ship in distress and shore is a
cigar-shaped electric boat. As the New
York Herald declares the great difficulty j
which life-savers have had to contend
with has been that of getting a line from
the shore to the ship. Often the only !
means is tne mortar, and when this fails
the life-savers are obliged to stand by and
see the crew perish without being able to
render them any aid.
It is to overcome this and afford the life
savers an opportunity to wort in any kind j
of weather, and under any conditions.jthat
this new lifecar is made.
It was at first proposed by the inventors
that this car should only carry the life
line, but as their experiments demon
strated tbe feasibility of the plan, the in
terior construction of the car was changed
so as to accommodate passengers. In
construction the car resembles the cigar
shaped Whitehead torpedo. It is pointed
at one end, while at the other there is a
propeller and rudder. On either side of
the Q/aft, near the front, are two paddle
wheels, which are intended to aid the
propeller and also serve the purpose of
keeping the craft in a proper position
while in the water. The motive power is
supplied by a motor which is placed in the
forward end of the craft. When carried
iby ships the lifecar is suspended from
l davits, in the same manner as au ordinary
lifeboat
Either electricity or a spring motor can be
used as a motive power. If electricity is
used, storage batteries are placed in the
hull of the craft and connection made
between them and the gearing which runs
the propeller and tbe paddle-wheel's mo
tion is transmitted by bevel gears acting
upon tUe propeller shaft.
The direction of the craft is controlled
by means of a stationary rudder formed
of two blades set at right angles, so that
it can be steered even if by any possibility
the craft should turn on its side while in
the water.
Well aft in tho body of* the craft is a
larga drum or reel, on which is wound a
long cable, one end of which passes out
through the top of the car and is made
fast to the ship. As the car travels
through the water the line pays out, and
so the car is in constant communication
with the ship.
Fixed to tbe bottom of the car or boat is
a clawlike anchor hung on a half hinge,
which allows it to work backward against
the bottom of the boat, but prevents it
from turning forward. The idea of this )
is that when the craft strikes shallow
water tbe anchor will dig into the sand
or catch on the rocks and prevent the
boat being washed back from the sbore
by the action of wind or waves.
To still further prevent any possibility
of the car being driven off shore the pad
dle-wheels are pointed and slightly
curved, so that as they revolve in shallow
water they will catch the sand. A wheel
or roller is placed beueath the car at the
stern, which allows the craft to be drawn
up on the shore. All of the machinery is
placed In the bow, thus leaving sufficient
rooi»>at the stern for the accommodation
of a limited number of persons.
In order that the position of the car may
be indicated at night a large colored light
is fixed near the bow, and when electrictiy
is the motive power it also serves to light
the lamp. It is tightly closed and can
pass safely through heavy seas.
If by any chance the car should turn on
its side while going through the water it
might be unpleasant for the occupants,
but it need not interfere with the progress
of the craft, nor would it injure those in It
beyond a general shaking up. The pecu
liar construction of the rudder, and'side
wheels makes it possible to steer the craft
in any position, even if it should turn
upside down.
When used as a means of transferring
persons from the stranded ship to the
shore this lifecar has many advantages
over the breeches buoy. Its occupants
are fully protected from any chance of a
wetting and the number carried on each
trip iB limited only by the size of the car.
It can be guided either by the occupants
SOME EARLY MORNING SIGHTS AND SCENES ALONG THE CITY WATER FRONT
Have you ever been down on the water
front and seen the day break? If you
have, you know all about it, but if you
haven't you have missed one of the sights
of California. And be it said, a Biebt that
comparatively few of the State's citizens
ever witness.
San Francisco is one of those peculiarly
situated cities that commences to wake
up at the end tbe sun strikes first, which
being the eastern end is not remarkable
aUehall. When the people of the West
ern Addition are still sound asleep, with
intention of rising for several hours,
the water front is bustling with life. In
fact the water front hardly gets to sleep
before it commences to wake up again, and
at this time of the year that is long before
the eastern sky shows signs of light.
Daybreak on the water front, however,
is not an exhilarating sight, even to those
Anxiously Awaiting His Ship's Boat
lovers of nature who see beauty in every
thing. It is likely to be depressing and
cause a feeling of melancholy. To walls
along the deserted wharves, while the
street lamps are still alight and the sky
or from the ship or shore by means of a
wire carrying an electric current connect
ing with a steering gear in the bow.
What Is ar\ /Uom ?
It is strange that great scientists should j
allow a little thing like an atom to bother
them, but they do. A recent writer has
given it as his opinion that theffe is no
other department of scientific research
which shows so strikingly man's tremen
dous ignorance of nature as this bit of in
finite minutia.
It is freely admitted that tbe most pro
found and diligent research has failed to
develop anything like adequate knowledge
j as to what the little atom really is.
What he does is another matter. Long
and learned disquisitions have been writ
ten about that— how it is his tremendous
activity under the influence of heat that
moves the engine, the little atom beatiDg
against the piston and so driving it for
ward.
The atom, however, is not dependent
upon heat for its activity, for it keeps up
a most exciting game of tag, even in the
more constrained limits of a cold piece of
iron. To be sure, our dull senses are un
able to discover the fact. Neither our sight
nor our touch reveals it
But if our organs were several million
times more acute they would be able to
distinguish a constant upheaval in what
otherwise appears to us a solid, immova
ble substance.
The individual molecule, however, has
large room for exercise in the small spaces
away down beyond our sense of touch.
Lord Kelvin says tbe atom is quite
measurable — it) not too small to be capable
of having its exact dimensions fixed by
figures. And by way of illustrating what
his figures mean he says that if a drop of
water were magnified into the size of this
j globe of ours and the atonrs that compose
it were magnified of course in proportion
the atom would appear somewhere be
tween the size of a shot and the eize of
a cricket ball.
"Four lines of argument," he says,
"founded on observation, have led to the
conclusion that atoms, or molecules, are
not inconceivably, not immeasurably
small. 1 use the words 'inconceivably'
and 'immeasurably' advisedly/ Tnat
which is measurable is not inconceiv
able, and therefore the two words consti
tute a tautology. W T e leave inconceiva
bleness, in fact, to metaphysicians. ♦ ♦ •
The general results of the four lines of
j reasoning to which I have referred,
founded respectively on the undulatory
theory of light, on the phenomena of con
tact electricity, on capillary attraction
and on the kinetic theory of gases, agree
in showing that the atoms or molecules of
ordinary matter must be something like
the 1-10,000,000 or from the 1-10,000,000 to
the 1-100,000,000 of a centimeter in di
ameter."
And here is Lord Kelvin's confession
concerning the atom :
"The chemists do not know what is to
be the atom ; for instance, whether hydro
gen gas is to consist of two pieces of mat
ter in union constituting one molecule,
and these molecules flying about, or
whetner single molecules, each indi
visible, or at all events undivided,
in chemical action, constitute the struc
ture. I shall not go into any such ques
tions at all, but merely take the broad
view that matter, although we may con
ceive it to be infinitely divisible, is not in
finitely divisible without decomposition."
Whether we can divide pieces of glass
into pieces smaller than the hundred
thousandth of a centimeter in diameter
and so on without breaking it up, and
make it cease to have the properties ol
glass, just as a brick has not the property
of a brick wall, is a very practical ques
tion.
Absolute continuity distinguishes mat
ter and space as it distinguishes time.
Moments, the atoms of time, can be
divided infinitely, so, also, he says, space
may be, but molecules of matter, he thinks,
reach a point in their division where they
lose their qualify.
But scientists have been discovering new
Jake, the Bait-Seller.
above is of an inky blackness, listening to
tbe gurgling of the treacherous water
among the piles beneath, is an experience
not calculated to make a person feel lively,
but it is one that will never be forgotten.
At this season of the year day does not
break until after the warships out on the
bay have sounded two bells, A thick fog
usually banes over the City. How de
pressing this fog seems. It clings to the
rigging of the ships and drops from the
ends of the yards in cold, clammy globules
that make most dismal sounds when they
strike the tlecks. By tbe feeble light it
can be seen drifting along like an army of
sheeted ghosts, swirling against the masts
of the vessels a moment later to be carried
out over the waters of the bay. Every
thing is dripping wet. Tbe decks of the
wharves look like lakes, and the first
pedestrians hurry along shivering and
doubled up as if they would warm the
blood in their veins. *
The water front does not wake up all at
once, but bit by bit, one might say. While
it is still darK a man can be seen going
past a certain spot, and perhaps be has
THE SAN FRANCISCO CALL, SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 1, 1896.
properties — or rather newly discovering
properties — in the atom that has opened
to them wide fields of interesting specu
lation.
"The now well-known kinetic theory of
gases," says Lord Kelvin, "is a step so
important in the way of explaining seem
ingly static properties of matter by mo
tion, that it is scarcely possible to help
anticipating in idea the arrival at a com
plete theory of matter in which all its
properties will be seen to be merely attri
butes of motion. If we are to look for the
origin of this idea we must go back to
Democritus, Epicurus and Lucretius.
We may then, I believe, without missing
a single step, skip 1800 years."
He refers to a mere reference to the
theory by tbe French scientist Maie
brar.che "early last century," and a Jittle
later, he says, we have Daniel Bernoulli's
promulgation of what we now accept as
"a surest rticle of faith— the kinetica
theory of gases."
Rich as it is in practical tesults, the
kinetic theory of gases, as hitherto de
veloped, stops absolutely short at the
atom or molecule, and gives not even a
suggestion toward explaining the proper
ties in virtue of which tbe atoms or mole
cules mutually influence one another. For
some guidance toward a deeper and more
comprehensive theory of matter, we may
NEW ELECTRIC BOAT FOR SAVING THE LIVES OF THE WRECKED.
look back with advantage to the end of
last century and to the beginning of this
century and find Rumford's conclusion
regarding the heat generated in bor
ing a brass gun: "It appears to me
to be extremely difficult, if not quite im
possible, to form any distinct idea of any
thing capable of being excited and com
municated in the manner the heat was ex
cited and communicated in these experi
ments except it be motion."
This, remember, is an expression only
of the last century and is spoken of as a
revelation by a leader among modern
scientists. And yet the molecule, or atom,
has been keeping ur> bis wild dance since
the beginning of things. And there was
no beginning.
Successful Motor Vehicle.
The citizens of Paris recently had an op
portunity of seeing a small three-wheeled
automobile vehicle skimming over the
ground, evoluting with ease amid an en
tanglement of horses and carriages, and
disappearing in a crowd of passers-by
without any more noise than that made
by burned pases. The apparatus was the
invention of Leo Bolle of Mans.
The vehicle has traveled over 2500 miles,
and has been driven at the rate of eighteen
miles an hour.
The aspect of the Bolle tricycle is that
of a low and long wagonette, quite pleas
ing to our eyes, which are as yet unaccus
tomed to such apparatus of locomotion.
The slight elevation of the vehicle gives it
a perfect stability, since its center of
gravity is situated at but sixteen inches
done the same thing at the same time for
many years. Then comes another and
then another. Bums wake up from be
hind lumber piles, or crawl out fTom'un
der the wharves. The night watchmen
get out of the heavy blanket overcoats,
that have kept them warm during the
long hours of darkness, and hurry home
to bed. At this time many familiar
characters make their appearance. Then
come the firemen of the steamers, the
vegetable peddlers and longshoremen.
The first man to appear on the water
front in the early morning.except of course
the police, is old Benny McLean. He
usually comes on before daylight, shuf
fling along with his hands in his pockets,
skirmishing for a breakfast. The most
tempting thing that could be offered
above the surface of the ground. The
stability is further increased by the rela
tive width of the basal triangle (3:6x4 leet)
and by the position of the steering wheels
in front. The elongated form of the tri
cycle, which js very conducive to speed,
gives it a vague resemblance to a torpedo
boat, and whoever has seen it shooting
along at thirty miles an hour upon a level,
and at twenty-seven upon gradients, will
recognize the fact that the name of "road
torpedo - boat" is fully justified. The
vehicle, in running order, weighs 350
pounds.
The motor is a gasoline one of four revo
lutions, as usual. It has out one cylinder,
and that of very elongated form, in order
that the expansion shall be as complete as
possible. The burner is so combined that
the flame shall return upon itself in a
reverberatory.
The carbureter is the classic apparatus
of Messrs. Panhard & Levassor. It will be
remarked upon inspecting the motor that
a practical mind has combined all its
parts, has placed all the valves, for ex
ample, within reach of the band.
The person who sits in front does
not aid in the steering of the vehicle. The
steersman sits behind, his feet resting on
each side upon a platform provided with
a straw mat. He merely has to move his
foot backward in order to press the lever
of a powerful brake, whose block is tan
gent to the circumference of the driving
wheel. With his right hand he steers the
vehicle through a hand wheel, which, by
a very simple gearing, turns the fore
wheels to the right or left; the steering,
in fact, being done as in the Olympia tri
cycles used tj^ree or four years age. With
the left hand he holds an almost vertical
lever, which permits him with a few
motions to effect several important ma
neuvers.
If he pushes it forward he tautens Ihe
driving belt andi consequently, starts the
vehicle aa soon as the motor has been set
in operation through a winch, according
to the well-known process. If, in the
median position of the lever, he turns tbe
handle to the right or left he throws the
motor into gear into one or another of the
three speeds. Finally, if he pulls the lever
backward, he loosens the belt and conse
quently suppresses the transmission and,
at the same time, presses the brako-b'ock
against the driving wheel.
Upon the whole, this tricycle does not
constitute an invention, but, rather, a
combination of happy arrangements of
inventions that are already Known. We
may add that it carries a supply of gas
oline sufficient for a trip of seventy-two
miles, that it may be run at an expense
of scarcely more than a cent a mile and
that the price of it is low enough to place
it within the reach of persons of moderate
means. — La Nature.
/\ Scholar's Strange Er\d.
Professor Ludwig Mendelssohn of Dor-
Benny is a cocktail, andthat ' hat he is
after. He knows all the barkeepers down
that way and most of them will give him
a drink if he will do a little work in re
turn, such as sweeping out or "tapping a
fresh keg." He may also take some of
the lunch. He will tell you that in the
good old days he was allowed to Bleep un
der the bar in one of the places .and sadly
shake his head at the change in his for
tunes. Benny has a fine thirst. In fact,
that is the reason he appears so early.
The fear of his life is that some morning
a saloon will be open before he gets
around, and he will be rilled with remorse
to know that he might have had his drink
a few minutes sooner.
Slowly and wearily a figure comes ont
of the shadows bearing a heavy hoop
DAYBREAK ON THE CITY FRONT.
pat University, Russia, disappeared from
his home last month, leaving a note to the
effect that he was about to drown himself.
For a scholar of European reputation, he
was brought to tbe point of suicide by a
remarkable train of events.
Mendelssohn was a student of the dead
languages. He had published works on
old Roman historians and on Cicero's let
ters. He had prepared a book on "Sibyl
line Utterances" and was almost ready to
send to press a critical volume regarding
New Testament Greek. Then came the
Government's inauguration of an anti-
German policy in all Russian educational
institutions. The number of German
instructors at Dorpat fell to eleven. Men
delssohn foresaw that he would be dis
missed eventually. Like most German
professors of high reputation, he had deep
learnine but little money. To assure hiss
family's future ha began speculating in
stocks. He undertook bis speculations
according to what he called a scientific
plan. Before he began them be had
studied tbe theories of chances and
methods and markets so thoroughly that
he felt competent to write an essay on tbe
subject. He wrote the essay and pub
lished it. Then he speculated.
At first, as curious as it may seem, this
pure theorist, this absolutely inexperi
enced man of letters, followed his system
with great success. His lew thousand
rubles multiplied rapidly until he had
30,000, then 70,000, and finally 125,000
rubles. He apparently regarded his sys
tem as infallible and bound to bring him
great wealth, for he not only commended
it repeatedly to his friends, but followed it
himself without deviation or pause. The
result was the one familiar to the historian
of systems and applied theories of chance.
Mendelssohn lost not only all his win
ings, but also his original capital. He
stood stripped of everything except bis
salary, which, he thought, might be taken
from him any day. These were his cir
cumstances when he gave up the struggle
of life.— New York Sun.
Scientific Humbugs Exposed.
Austro-Huneary is having an epidemic
of scientific skepticism that is proving
fatal to traveling shows. Succi, the faster,
was watched and found to be eating at
Vienna a little while ago, and recently at
Budapest the "Sleeping Fakirs," whose
performance was accepted without ques
tion in London, have been exposed as hum
bags. They were put to sleep in glas3
coffins by a hypnotist, remaining coma
tose and taking no nourishment for a
fortnieht. Two unbelievers, disguised as
figures in the waxwork show, where the
exhibition was held, saw them at night,
after all the people had left, rise, take
bottles of milk and provisions from under
their pillows, and after eating and drink
ing, light ciearettes. The fakirs were
fined 800 florins.
fishing-net. Surely that is the man who
was at work on the streets yesterday. 'Tis
he indeed, and he must be at work again
this morning at 7 o'clock. But times are
hard and he is in debt. The loss of an
hour's sleep is considerable, but not to be
considered if he can catch a few fish that
will be so acceptable to the wife and chil
dren. It matters little what they are —
crabs or flounders — they will save a little
money. Dozens of workingmen have done
this very thing every morning during the
lust three years. Sometimes the result of
their hanl is^oll they have for breakfast
And if they Catch notning — Well, poor
people have cone hungry before.
The belated tar is a common sight on
the front in the early morning. Jack got
permission the day before to be absent on
Tr^e Scientific View
of a Great Building
\ —
Illusions /\nent the Universal Omnipresent
baW of Molecular Force
Just now there is being erected in this
City one of the finest buildings west of
Chicago. The new Call building wwiltl t
when completed, be the very best..struc
ture that modern science is able to devise
and construct. Equipped with every con
venience known to the age, elaborate in
detail, elegant in style, luxurious in ap
pointments, it is, moreover, solid as the
bedrock and, framed throughout of tem
pered steel, it will be able to withstand the
most violent temblor Hkely to visit this
part of the world. It will be able to bend
and sway under the rocking influence of
an earthquake without Oangerto its ten
antry. 1 have given some little attention
to the construction plans of this building,
and I feel confident that it will be a last
ing monument in every sense.
In the contemplation of a building like
this the ohief idea oncgets is that of so
lidity. Yet, as a matter of tact, there is
no greater illusion than this. There is no
such thing as solidity. The massive steel
and iron beams and girders entering into
the construction of the buildings that we
call "solid structures" are composed of
molecules that do not touch, and these
molecules are in tarn composed of atoms
also widely separated from one another.
They are in perpetual vibration, flying
apart from each other under the influence
of heat and crowding together in the
presence of cold. Could our vision be
rendered so acute as to allow of us seeing
these atoms and molecules . they would
appear very much like a swarm of gnats
which are sometimes noticeable in the
evening of a warm summer day.- So when
we speak of tbe solidity of a thing we are
using a term that does not mean what we
intend to convey. In what, then, con
sists the so-called solidity of the steel
beams? Not in tbe material atoms of its
mas?, for they are each and all apart and
in motion.
Not only does the fact apply to the steel
beam, it likewise applies to everything
cognizant to our material senses. Every
mass of matter in the world is composed
of atoms widely separated. All of the
contents of our houses, our furniture, our
adornments, our foods and our beverages
are of the same nature of structure. Even
our bodies are formed by a perpetual cir
culation of molecules. Like the circula
tion of the water which is drunk up from
the ocean by the warm sky, there to be
condensed into clouds which drift away,
are further condensed and fall as rain
upon some distant portion of the globe,
where, forming rivulets that converge into
rivers, they flow backward to the ocean to
again and again renew tbe cycle that
knows no end, so in our veins and arteries,
in our flesh and brains, everything is cir
culating ceaselessly In a rapid whirl.
What holds together the mass of matter
that we call our body?
In the nltt-a-terrestrial regions the same
law "holds. Throughout the whole uni
verse every mass of matter is but an aggre
gation of molecules. Researches in tbe
domain of physics establish the fact that
I one great law rules. Its potency is mani
fest alike in the drop of water as in the
magnificent star. It is an immaterial
force called molecular attraction. Dis
tance — space — is as nothing to its opera
tion, and the power exercised by the
smallest atom compared to thnt exercised
by the greatest mass in the universe
differs only in degree.
The reeling of a drunken man upon the
street has its dynamic influence upon the
rotation of the earth. Infinitesimally
small, but nevertheless an actual in
fluence. Everything in life — and by life I
mean the known universe — is dominated
by the omnipresent force. Every mole
cule is acted upon by every other mole
cule, whether it be in its closest approx
imity, as in the steel beam, or separated
by billion jof millions of miles, as are the
stars.
Our earth is regarded as a very reliable
and sober body, pursuing her way from
January to January without indulging in
any high jinks. We commonly believe
that tbe moon is a sort of poor relation
that mother earth takes with her much as
a dependent upon her bounty. In fact the
Benny McLean Skirmishing for a Mea
shore until the last boat Treat oat to the
warship. . Bat how fast the hours flaw.
He wasjiaving such a good time witb*his
friends he forgot all about it. It was so
warm in the saloon and everybody was so
glad to see him as long as he had money.
Besides, they were all tyrants out on the
warship, anyhow. What did he care for
them? But vriih the morning conies re
pentance. His pockets are empty and his
one hope is that he can catch the provi
sion launch that conies over every morn
ing and coax those on board to let him go
back in Her, so the captain will not know
of his "absence without leave." At about
the time Jack thinks his boat ouight to be
coming,, he sees a couple of his messmates,
cold and miserable aa himself, sneaking
out of the shadows bent on working the
same scheme on the captain.
There are many -bait-sellers on the front,
but only one named Jake, and at this sea
son of the year that man is in his glory.
Jake knows all about bait, and if you tell
him where you are going to fish he will
give you the right kind of stuff to put on
your hook. Wriggling worms are dear to
j little moon asserts her power over the
j earth to considerable extent. Her in
, lluence upon the earth is very much in
evidence. The eartn does not pursue au
j undeviating course, and the reason of her
j wanderings from side to side is the attrac
j tion of the moon. The common center of
■ gravity of the earth and moon is situated
1055 miles above the surface of the earth,
and around this common center the earth
makes a revolution every month. Of
course it may be humiliating for the proud
earth-dwellers to learn that the insignifi
'■ cant moon has a "pull" on their dignified
I globe; but then we may console oursalves
i with the fact ihat we, too, have a similar
; ''pull" on the sun, which revolves around
; the common center of gravity between it
:uid the- earth. What is true of the moon
j and earth and of the earth and son applies
j equally so to every globe in the heavens.
Each sways the other.
Here we have the dec!aration of science
that solidity and separation are illusions
pure and simple.
What this so-called molecular force is
we know not. We only know of its effects.
We as yet know very little of its modes of
I operation. It is a growing belief that its
! most prominent form is called electrical
j energy. But such is only con jecture. The
| material acted upon has an immense in
; fluence in determining the materialization
of the molecular force. With one form ot
matter it is light; with another form of
matter it 18 sound; with another it is
thought. It may materialize as emotion;
in fact, in each and all of the countless
manifestations of cognizant life.
Equally aa do the spheres exert their
j molecular attraction upon one another do
the individuals of our race. Every man,
I woman and child exercises his and her
share of molecular force. And inasmuch
as this force is not confined to what we
term "matter," which by the way is the
greatest illusion of all, but extends to what
we term "spirit," it follows that upon each
of us there rests some little responsibility
for the actions of our fellows. The pro
foundest knowledge of this great universal
| omnipresent law of molecular force was
enunciated when the question was asked,
"Am I my brother's keeper?"
F. M. Close, D.Sc.
The Struggling Young Author.
"I have heard people Fay," said the
struggling young author, "that they
thought that manuscripts which they bad
sent to the publisher had been returned to
them unread. 1 think they must be mis
taken aDout this. My own impression is
that the manuscripts are always read, and
I say this afte.* an unbroken experience of
manuscripts returned. It would be tho
height of folly, after the publisher had
spent a lot of money for wading through
the great mass of stuff submitted, in the
hope of finding gems — it would be the
height of folly not to winnow the stuff
carefully. I believe the wbrJE is carefully
and faithfully done.
"Oh ! I dare say that after a reader had
read about forty successive manuscripts
from the same contributor, not one of
them revealing the faintest gleam of hu
mor or the slightest scintilla of common
sense, I dare say he might, when he came
to the forty-hrst manuscript, now and
then skip a dot over one of the i's, or pos
sibly not stop to scan very closely the
cross on every t; but what I mean to say
is he'd read it fairly, no donbt of that.
"No, sir; the things are read; I'm sura
of that; but are they read appreciatively?
"A— ah! That's the question !"— New
York Sun.
• * •
y\ Bit of Sarcasm.
Sarcasm generally doesn't pay, unless it
be of the pleasant kind used by an Irish
man to his employer, a coal-dealer, who
proposed to discharge him because ha
"couldn't learn anything."
"Well, I've learned one thing since I've
been with you," said Pat.
"What's that?"
"That eighteen hundred make a ton."
Pat was retained.— Animal Friends.
his heart, and he will tell you that he
caught them himself and "scoured" them
so that they are tough. Jake is a mystery
in many ways. He always does business
on the front during the fishing season,
but after that he disappears — where, no
body knows. And it is very likely that
ncbody cares very much as long as he
comes back next season with his incom
parable bait. Jake is always on hand at
about daylight, so as to supply those who
take the early boat to the fishiiitr-grounds
As the sun lights the sky a little more
j and the masts of the ships b come plainly
• outlined, while the mists go skurrying b\\
| the silence of the night gives way to the
i tramping of many feet and the rattling of
wagons over the cobblestones. They
come from all directions. Now and then
I there i 3 a screech of a steam whistle and
How Many an Honest Workingman
Now Obtains His Breakfast.
the splashing ot a paddle-wheel. Then
the clang of a streetcar bell, that brings a
load of people down to the first boat, and
the water front is wide awake while there
is scarcely enough light to see.
27