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The San Francisco call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1895-1913, September 10, 1899, Image 2

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GALLANT SIEGE OF
CASTLE GUERIN
Special Cable to The Call and New York Herald. Copyrighted, 1899,
by James Gordon Bennett.
Pv.:i~. -: „ g The siege >f Castle Guerin in belnK carried on with
i, courtesy on both sides. In any other country this Incident
: have been brought to an end by brute force long ago. Hero
it will apparently last until one or the other of the parties owns its. -if
beat* n In po I
One ol i ■• in ed himself the other day by firing atones from
tapult at hi. M. .Tubs Guerin pulled the man away from the
i\v ;ili ,i made a little si eh ap lionizing to the living target for his fol-
Guerin has got the Idea that ah attempt has been made
by the authorities to Qoison him by (strewing pieces covered with arsenic in
the gutters that convey rain Into the cistern just below the roof, tJpon
this M. Lepl-w> nd his men were outraged at being suspected of such n
broach of i d manners. They have riven their word of honor they wore
i underhand means to vanquish their adversary. A few days ago
d chatting amiably across the street with <>ne of the
„,n the ba i house opposite the headquarters of
the Anti-Semite League In the Rue de ChabroL
M. Guerin. 'Alien taking his constitutional upon the roof of the Castle
Guerin, al ites with a benevolent wave of the hand the Commissary
oi Police charged with the duty of keeping him locked up, In his castle or
In the city prison. This show ■ th< truly French spirit all around and proves
that the 'lays ry, when the enemy was Invited to Bre the first shot,
nd< d.
In fact, this was illustrated strikingly this week by an incident in which
. was the principal actress. Liane is a young beauty whose
• is aim st touching. She only recently returned from
■ ■„, . ia Paris, but aa oon s net feet had touched the sacred
■ capital she drove off to bear a word of gi id cheer, backed up
, . ,, 1S ham, to the beselged men. who. being anti-Semites, she
t plenty of pork as a sort of, religious
cuity appears to have been raised about transmitting Mane's
th mgh her ham was mercilessly confiscated. Still,
pvon t lew otn a large-hearted, charitably disposed beauty
otly remarked moodily that fem
v v as lacking in the fort
appear to fee the principal occupation of the most
nchmen who are not In the Government at the present time.
n il table arrangements an b Ing made to accommodate pris
i, i in ;. plot whii h th- Senate, sitting as a High Court <>f Jus
el and pass Ju m nt upon.
Luxembourg Palace is In the hands of a troop of carpenters,
nd carpet-layers, all engaged in arranging for the opening sitting
Monday week, it is quite possible that this first session will also be
the last of the present trial that will be held In the Luxembourg, for there
is already some talk of the remalnd i "i" t U" hearing being held at Ver
where better accommodation could be provided for the Senators
ed with an .attempt to overthrow the republic.
DREYFUS IS
CONVICTED BY THE
COURT-MARTIAL
iued from First I .
lle the Judgment rendered by a
irtlal is on the appeal of the
an BUbmitt ->\ to a council
cf revision, the duty of which is to see
il requirements have
irried out in the conduct I th<
[1 mer« ly revises the ca»
nically, passing no judgment on tho
>na ot the court-martial and
no v ltn« Bses, b it simply revls
ease to see if it baa be< n con
dui ted strlctl> according to pr
prescribed by law. But the limits with
in which the Rennes court-martial
Ise its jurisdiction having
been laid down by ih«- Court of Cassa
tion or S ipn me Court, the questli n is
iuncil of revi
Court ot Cassation that will pronounce
upon the pr< sent Judgment.
Th. Figaro has consulted an eminent
lawyer on this matter. He briefly puts
follows: The judgment .*f
irt-martial is Inseparably bound
up with th
musi In consequence remain In har
mony with th<- t.-rnis of the Judfcment
which sent the affair before it. It con-
Btltutes, in fact, an act of Jurisdiction
. .< by the Supreme <""urt, de
ri which alone it has
a righi to exercise Its censorship. In
the oi dlnary P'
is no! followed. It Is by the Court of
Cassation that a court-martial is called
Into exist) nee. it Is from the former
that th< latter derives Its power. There
■■ Cassation ai
tl the mai ncr in which
urt-martial ha I ita
power.
CLOSING SCENES IN
THE DREYFUS TRIAL
RE! • L 9.-1 ' is a
:
trtial:
: a for
■ . ... m. He
:
"When yesterday's sitting was ended I
was about to deal with what Is called the
diroct evidence, namely the technical
value of the bordereau. The prosecution
by taking separately each of the notes
containing information supplied by be
•vvriier of the bordereau deduced tlio opin
ion that Dreyfus alone could have com
xnunlcnted Information <>n tha documents.
If he had at his disposal proof of this ho
fhoiiM have given it. It devolves upon the
public prosecutor to prove 'Dreyfus
possessed tliis information and nobody but
he. Thut la how the <:iicpUo:i must be
put. AYe are before a Court .of ' Justice,'
With which suppositions have no place. In
order to produce proof r-mitst usk and
we must know what was the information
supplied. Consequently wo must have the
nuU-s delivered; otherwise wu have to deal
■with a hypothesis.
"Thai is mj first • to which I
challenge tiw public pros cutor to re-
Counsel, remarking that the hypothesis
accepted in 1V34 could not now be main
tained, proceeded to minutely examine the
theories of the headquarters staff, espe
cially General Rogct'si whose arguments
he refuted seriatim. He similarly ana
lyzed the evidence of General Mercier, re
iterating the arguments as to the utter
improbability of an artilleryman employ
ins tho incorrect terms used in the terms
of the bordereau in connection with artil
lery matters.
Counsel then reviewed the well known
facts in the cafe, showing that Colonel
irskoppen, the Gorman military at
tache at Paris, supplied information for
his Government years before regarding
the "120 short" Held. He said that only
the internal construction of the brake in
this gun remained secret, but Dreyfus
know nothing bout it and asked for no
information frvm the ofHsera knowing it.
Advances made en furniture and pianos, with
or without removal, j. Noonan. 1011 18H MiMfan.
44 The Prudent Man Setteth
His House in Order/
Your human tenement should be given
even more careful attention than the
house you live in. Set it in order by
thoroughly renovating your 'whole system
through blood made pure by taking
Hood's Sars^pArula. Then every organ
'will act promptly and regularly.
I Therefore, counsel contended, Dreyfus
could not have betrayed this secret.
Regnrdins the practical test's or" the gun.
M Drmaiigi? continued. Dreyfus was sim
ilarly Ignorant.
General Mcrdcr'a statement that Drey
fus attended the trials could tje dismissed,
as { t has been proved that the only leak
age resulting from those trials had been
furnished by the spy Grenler. It was thus
apparent Into what error all the witnesses
Plipportirg the prosecution hr.d fallen.
Their opinions had been most Impartially
formed and the judges must be on their
guard against it. honest and sincere as it
doubt less was.
After refuting the Imputations against
Dreyfus based on the firing manual, which
he said were purely hypothetical, M.
Demange continued emphatically: "The
prosecution has no right to rest content
with hypotheses. We are in a court of
Justice. The defense alone has the right :
to say it Is Impossible. It is the duty of
the public prosecutor to produce evidence,
but he has adduced none against Drey
fus."
After showing that the prisoner had
never seen the "120 short" gun. counsel
read letters from Esterhazy proving that
the latter attended the Chalons camp and
probably witnessed the trials.
"But .the prosecution," added M. De
mange, "had not to choose between Drey
fus and Esterhazy. It had only to prove
Dreyfus guilty and could not do so. On '
the contrary, we have shown that Drey
fus did not possess the documents com
municated nor the information contained
in them."
Dealing with the note referring to the
covering of troops, M. Demange pointed
out General Mercier's change of front on '
this subject. In lv*- the general contended
that it was with reference to the com
mand of these troops that the leakage
occurred, while he now asserted that it
was regarding the mobilisation and trans- !
portation of troops.
The 'prosecution has thus advanced two
versions, which must cause the Judges
terrible searching of conscience, especial
ly as no proofs had been furnished. "What
right had the prosecution to advance
statements with out corroboratlon?"
Counsel put it to the conscience of the i
Judges, and he had asked this of General
Mercier himself.
Continuing to plead with great warmth
and eloquence and with closely reasoned
arguments, which were followed with
breathless interest by the entire audience,
M. Di mange declared he did not believe
in the complicity of Henry and Bsterhasy,
for Henry was honorable and loyal. If he ;
had been the accomplice of -hazy,
Henry would have destroyed the bor- i
dereau. Possibly Henry had inadvertent
ly divulged information to Ester hazy, un
| der the impression that he was convers- '
I ing with an honorable, straightforward i
I man like himself, and discovering in ISW
I that he had placed his hands in a traitor's I
he committed a crime upon which counsel
declined to enlarge, since the perpetrator |
had already paid for it with his life.
"What other explanation could be given
of the suicide of this man, with whom the
whole army sympathised, even after the]
discovery of the crime? Henry had spoken !
of scoundrels. Was one of these not Es- i
terhnzy and the other Weyl. th. latter
having unconsciously betrayed Informa
tion? General Saussier had every confi- 1
dence in Henry's loyalty and Esterhazy
might have received infromation from
Henry or Weyl. who were unconscious
informer?. A loyal soldier. General Billot
had moreover said the traitor was not
alone. In his mind he connected the
names of Esterhazy arid Dreyfus." Coun- 1
sel did nor profess to clear up the matter,
but he wished it to be cleared up. It must
be proved that Dreyfus knew Esterbazy i
and WeyL He (M. Demange) did not fear
whatever light could be thrown on the '
case. Three men were in the intelligence
dt-partment— Henry. Bstexhasy and vveyL
Ksurhazy had even placed the others
under- pecuniaary obligations and ail three
were closely bound. together. -• -^
Replying •to the hypothesis deduced In
the note relating to the modification of
: the artillery .-, M Demange • pointed out
that the information could have been
obtained by Esterhazy at . th« Chalons
camp, while, regarding the Madagascar
note. Dreyfus had never .had pos
session of it. though one of his bitter per
secutors. Colonel Dv Paty de Clam, nad
iit in his office. Reverting to the firing
manual, counsel showed bow Esterhazy
secured a copy of it and pointed to the
fact that his Government hnd asked
• Colonel Bchwarskoppen for supplemen
tary information which showed that the
. riginal Intelligence was,. Incomplete and
supplied by an incompetent person, not
an artilleryman. The- memorandum to
Colonel Schwarzkoppen asked for the
llring manual, which must therefore
have been i offered, and for the gradua
tion bar which Esterhazy had obtained
from a friend and kept. Had all these
proofs existed against Dreyfus how
strong would have been the case .or the
prosecution. But the hypothesis was
I not even probable, while the theories of
the defense were all supported by docu
-1 ments colled from the secret dossier.
Dealing with the last line of the bord
erwtu referring to the manuevers, :M.
Demange produced a note written by
• Dreyfus proving that he knew in May.
1594, that he would not attend th& man
i euvers with his regiment.
'< Counsel dwelt upon tho importance of
1 the fact that the probationers absolute
< ly knew they could not attend the ma
neuvers, though certain individuals cher
ished the hope that exceptions might be
i made In their favor. Only one actually
, applied to General do BoisdefTre for per
: i mission, but the latter did not promise
anything.
M. Demange protested against the Gov
ernment Commissioner's assertion that it
had been agreed that the probationers
i should attend the maneuvers as officers
;of the headquarters staff, and said he
wished to know if Major Carriere adhered
, to his statement on the subject.
Major Carriere recalled that General de
■ ! Boisdeffre had declared that he had
! promised to do his best to satisfy the pro
-1 I batloners.
M. Demango — And you call that an
agreement?
i Major — Certainly.
M. Demango— Then we do not agree as
: to the meaning of the word in the French
language.
Continuing, M. Demange exclaimed:
"Hear what the author of the borde
reau writes: lam going to the maneu
vers.' Is that only a belief? Is that not
rather, a certainty? Well, gentlemen, I
have shown you Dreyfus could not have
written that. On the contrary, Ester
THE SAN FRANCISCO CALL, SUNDAY, SEPTEMBER 10. 1899.
DREYFUS SACRIFICED
TO SAVE FRANCE.
« •. \ 88 82 88 % 88 28 S3 85 82 82 .88 SJ 82 83 88 88 83 83 83 88 82 82 88 8? 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 88 82 82 88 82 82 82 82 82 SS
i* **
88 SANTA CRUZ, Cal., Sept, 9.— 1 have read the evidence of- a
£• fered in the trial of Dreyfus only in the most desultory man- §
•; nei\ I have read sufficient, however, to learn the character as
ss of the evidence which has been submitted and accepted by §
c, the court-martial, and if it is upon such that Dreyfus has been a
« convicted the verdict to my mind is remarkable and certainly £
§ unjustifiable. : ; JAMES D. PHELAN. ,«
■«888288KIt588SS5828282825! 88 82 88 82 82 88 88 lltf 82 82 ; 82 82 82 ?2 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 88 8? U 82 »828288828282 82 82 S3
Prominent residents of San Francesco
are of the opinion that- the second con-'
viction of Captain Dreyfus , is' an In
justice, but that the verdict probably
saves France from a revolution. Here
are some interesting expressions on the
subject:
Raphael Welll, a leading representative
of the French .colony in San Francisco: ■.
"1 have not for a moment since the flndrj!
Ing of the Supreme Court of France at
tributing the bordereau in pjain language
to Esteihazy, but leaving the revision of
tin trial of 1534 to its natural judges, the
military court, expected ■ any other ver- '
diet than the one rendered at Renn» s. The'!
matter Is not ended here. Dreyfus per
sonally must disappear, and the- mojn,en- ;
lous time has now arrived whin France
must come to a conclusion whether .the.'
military oligarchy is to reign supreme.,;
If It la to reign. Its dislocation is | not
very far off. i hope the spirit of 17S0 will 1
be revived, and that this court of liars,"
forgers iind perjurers will Ond In a new:
revolution their downfall and the resur
rection •■! a great and liberal France," j
Speaking of further proceedings under
the French system; Mr. Welll said: "This
case will naturally go to a military court
of appeals, where only th«vcold law will
be considered: I have no doubt the court
of appeals will ainrni the Judgment of
the court-martial. The condemned man
cannot bo to a civil court, but it the Min
ister of Justice finds an error upon any
new point or revelation he can have the
Cassation— the .supreme court of France
take the matter under review. The su-«
preme court may order another revision
or dismiss the whole proceeding. Th« en
couraging sign to me— the one ray of
sunshine In ail the darkness— is that two
members of the court-martial had the
courage to vote tor acquittal. In France
the Judges vote viva voce, and the names j
of the junior members of the court are
called first. I have an impression that the
younger officers— those nearest to the
people— voted for acquittal."
Dr Louis Bas*t, 910 Geary street, late
member of the Board of Health: "what
do I think of the verdict? What can I
think In view of the meager information
furnished me through the columns of the
newspapers, and besides from the fact
that the Government has withheld the
secrets of the dossier? At first— that is,
at the time that Dreyfus was on his first <
trial—] believed him guilty. 1 did not
consider that the French Government
would place an Innocent man on trial on
such a serious charge as high treason If
there were not some proof against him.
With this view of it I believed him guilty.
Hut when the court of revision on a care
ful examination of the evidence laid be
fore it overruled the first trial and gave
Dreyfus a new trial, then I changed my
mind and now 1 believe him to be inno
cent. I think, however, that the French
Government will ere long recognize this
fact and restore Dreyfus— if not to actual
active service in the army to at least his
liberty. The public mind is so disturbed
at present that it would be unsafe to
acquit Dreyfus. It would be the means
of creating a revolution, and, to prevent
this which would be a calamity to the
whole nation— had to be convicted.
That is all that there Is to It. There is
one thing very certain, and this Is that
if Dreyfus were tried In the United States
he would not be convicted on the kind of
evidence adduced against him in France. \
The Government should have given the;
contents of the dossier to the public- as
well as th« evidence against the accused,
but this might antagonize foreign Gov
ernments and Embassadors. The end is
"Lipman Sachs of Sachs Brothers, Bush
and Sunsome streets: "I consider the
finding of the court-martial very unjust
in face of the evidence ottered— or, at
lea«t -„ much of it as has been submitted
to the public. Yet, considering the state
of the public mind of the people of
France, no other verdict could be ren
dered which would save the nation from
a revolution. It was either convict an
innocent man and save the military, or
acquit an innocent man and destroy the
military and bring about a revolution.
\ iin you must bear in mind that there
is an exposition coming off fn Paris next
year, and had the court acquitted Drey
hazy's regiment was at the maneuvers
regarding which information was sup
plied. Was Esterhazy there? 1 do not
know. But what is certain Is that Drey
fus, if he was the author of the bord
ereau could not have written at the end
cf August 'I am going to the maneuvers,
since he knew the probationers were not
going. I think I have shown that when
all the points of. the accusation are exam
ined they vanish. So much for the tech
nical value of the bordereau. 1 have ar
gued foot by foot with my honorable
friends on the other side, and I have
shown the fallacy of the mental process
! whereby they have reached the point that
They were able to affirm on their soul and
conscience that Dreyfus is guilty- ]
might therefore, say with pride that I
hive demolished "the case of the prosecu
! "ion But ) am not entitled to do so. I
merely say to the court, be careful. You
I must he certain, and before you .-an say
Dreyfus Is guilty, you must, on your souls
and consciences, be able to declare that
1 here is no doul « that no one but hfihad :
the documents enumerated in the bord
ereau But you do not know what the
i documents are. That is my last word on
1 this portion of the case.
•1 have now to deal with the material
After ti' 1 c usual brief adjournment of
the court. M. Demange resumed his
«si)pech fur the defense. • ■
He dissected the handwriting evidence
and reminded the court of the groans
wt h which M Scheurer-Kestner was
greeted when he displayed the handwrit
fng of Esterhaay In the tribune of the
!/"ls that all you have?" disdainfully
asked the the prosecution has no more."
'••To-day the prosecution has no more.
M Demange said be does not under
stand M. Bertlllon's conclusion. He pro
duced In court a monumental work
sild the lawyer, "but I am convinced
and hope, to prove that M. Bertilion's
Astern Is false But I must do htm the
Justice of saying that when the Prefect
of Police applied to M. Bertlllon he ap
pealed to a man of genius whom, by
the creation of an anthropometric de
partment, conferred upon society an in
estimable benetlt. Still. I can also say,
'You have fallen Into error, which may
De fatal to an innocent man.' "
Proceeding. M. Demange demolished
M llertlllon's theories, dealing at
length with the different contentions,
admitting that some of them might
content certain scientific minds. Hut.
he added. It must not be forgotten that
genius has a dangerous neighbor. >It
did not do to have too much genius, and
■ . ■ ••• -
AMERICANS TO APPEAL
IN DREYFUS' BEHALF
NEW YORK, Sept. 9.— Upon learning: the verdict of Ihe Dreyfus
oourt-martial. Assistant District Attorney Maurice B. Blumenthal took
steps for the organization of a committee af citizens, irrespective of re
ligious belief, and including clergymen of different denominations, to
hold a mass-meeting to protest against the conviction of Captain
Dreyfus. A representative committee will be appointed to wait upon
President McKinley and petition him to appeal to the President of
France to pardon the unfortunate victim. Mr. Blumenthal asserts that
the sentence imposed is of itself proof that the court-martial returned a
verdict of guilty not as the result of their belief in Dreyfus' jruilt, but
partly as a result of^ first, religious hatred and bigotry, and second to
vindicate the attitude of the army and to save from disgrace and pun
ishment the officials who organized and carried out the awful con
spiracy..
, fus,, there 'would, he no exposition, and
there, would nave been no money to spend
in Franco from foreigners In I'.hk). In
; short. Dreyfus had to be convicted to
I say and her army."
j >• San ford Sachs, merchant, 214 Pine street:
] "Dreyfus had to be convicted to save
i France from a revolution. That is all |
I there it: to that. It was much easier to
| cu'ivict one man than put down a rebel
! lion. The, military arm of the Govern-
J in. in had to be upheld at whatever cost
it might be to Dreyfus, justice and the
I people who sympathized with him and the i
; cause of innocence and fair play. Hut .
i theFt? will be a reckoning in the sweet by
; .Ind-'oy. i expected no other verdict from ;
I the court unoer the prevailing excitement ,
and the manner In -which the evidence
| was presented. to the court. Had the trial
been* 1-eld In either England or the united
State* he most assuredly would not have
been convicted.' A military court-martial
in which the honor of the miiitao was at
stake against- one man was too much to
be overcome. Poor Dreyfus hbul to be
crushed to save the army."
Rev. Jacob Nleto, rabbi of the Congrega
: tion Sin nth Israel: "1 have the utmost
confidence, in .-the 'sense of Justice for
I which the French people are noted, i
don't believe that this attempt to throw
! the t-U-.in of dishonor upon this poor, un
fortunate man by the generals of the |
army in order to shield their guilty selves
from detection will meet with that degree
of success which the perpetrators of this
I outrage anticipated tor their diabolical
I scheme. The opera bouffe and Its Unaie
has been most ludicrous. It Is more the
dignity of France, which has been |
humbled to the dust, and the honor of the
French people that has been stained.
Who ever heard of a man guilty of treason
| with extenuating circumstances that was
, neither insane nor in fear of his lifo at
the time he committed what he supposed
I to be. the treasonable act? I feel conn
! dent that the wrong will bo righted for
the honor of France and that Dreyfus
will yet receive justice at the hands of
I his people."
rsatas W. Hellman, president of the
Nevada National Bank of San Francisco:
"The wrongful conviction of Dreyfus is
the result of the hopeless corruption ex
isting in the French army. Had the man
who had been trlen" for betraying the
trusts of his country been acquitted an
exposure of army methods would have
been the next great sensation in Francs
; Realising this the officials banked all fu
• ture scandal by Bending an innocent man
to prison and prevented an Investigation
; into their own acts. The right-minded
people of France know what nas hap
pened, but all the expressions of the hon
est and the just will not right the injus
i tice which has been done. I do not appro
I hend any revolution In consequence of the
. result of the trial."
Attorney General They L. Ford: "I am
1 not sufficiently acquainted with the judi- ;
■ cial procedure In France, nor have 1 read
i the evidence with that care that would
! entitle mo to express any opinion that
i would carry with it much weight or value.
! However, from what knowledge I have of
the case I atnVuuite certain that the evi
-1 dence against Dreyfus at his recent trial
was not sufficient to convict him in an
< American court. As to the laws of France i
1 know but little except as to those laws {
which have been transplanted in Amer
lea but particularly in the State of Lou- i
isiana: and what I say. therefore, is based
j upon American laws and American proce
j dure and the sufficiency of evidence in an
' American court. Guided by these stand
ards, the conviction of Dreyfus was ab- !
'■ solutely unwarranted by the evidence."
Rabbi M. S. Levy. Congregation Beth- i
Israel: "The result of the trial is a blot i
i on the jurisprudence of the present age. j
' It certainly demonstrates that the army :
at all hazards is to be sustained at the I
; expense of Justice. The boasted equality,
fraternity and liberty of Frenchmen is
henceforth a hollow mockery and a sham. j
I The French people, unstable as water, in
their wild delirium of "Vive I'armee" have i
demonstrated their inability for self- I
government. While it has taken 400 years
to teach Spain that vengeance belongs to j
I the Lord, it will take less time to prove It
' to France. The end Is not yet."
Rabbi Isidore Meyers, Bush-street syna
i gogue: "I consider this trial has termin-
I ated unfortunately for France. The case
: was tried before a much higher tribunal
I than the court at Rennes. The higher tri
If. Bertlllon'B work was liable to land |
the Judges In serious error. The . dec
larations of M. Bertlllon himself showed ,
that the experts had not proved the
guilt of Dreyfus. If the handwriting
of the bordereau was disguised, how could
Dreyfus 1 exclamation: "This handwriting
has a frightful resemblance to mine, be
explained?
Counsel said he was convinced the
bordereau was written In his natural
hand by Esterhazy. The paper on which
It was written also condemned Ester
hazy. :
Then M. Demange examined at length ,
the theory that Esterhazy was a straw
man. and showed that this was ren
dered quite untenable by every action
of Colonel Picquart, who was accused
of trying to effect the substitution. How,
If Esterhazy was a straw man, could he
havo lost his head at the moment of his
arrest to such an extent that he con- i
templated suicide? The lawyer contrast- ;
ed the llvos of Dreyfus and Ssterhasy,
saying there were nothing but Idle tales ;
against the former, while the latter was
always iii search of a 5-franc piece. When
the time arrived for the Judges to say
whether the bordereau was in the hand
writing of Dreyfus, they would have to
remember that all the experts admitted :
that it Was not, while all of them Rd- !
mitted that it showed traces of Ester- I
hazy's handwriting. They would also !
have to compare . th* demeanor of Drey- ;
fus during the past five years with the
demeanor of Esterhasy to-day— on |
Devils [stand, constantly turning his eyes j
toward Franco, and appealing to General
de Boisdeffre against his conviction, de- |
manding only justice; the other full of :
recrimination and bitter abuse, writing
insulting letters to the generals. ......
After reverting : briefly to the charges
In connection with the Robin shell, M. Do- i
mange protested against General Mercier's
refusal to discuss the motives as being
merely a psychological question, while in ',
reality it was a. question of common j
sense.' . . , . ', . ..<--..-■■.. • .
There was an entire lack of motive In j
the case of Dreyfus, while there was ;
every motive upon the part, of Ester- |
haxy. Dreyfus- was rich and happy; he
had two children who were his pride, and
joy. and a. wife of whose devoted courage
all were aware— everything a man could
desire. Why should he have risked all ;
that? „ . -
M. Laborl then said he. did not desire
to speak.
Major Carriere, however, claimed the |
right to reply. ! • \ '■' '■.*■'* '-. v .
When ; the. court resumed its session af
ter a brief adjournment, the Government !
bunal was composed rvf enlightened, impar
tial and cultured nun of the whole w^rld.
All who have watched the, proceedings
must reach the conclusion that the ver
dict is another miscarriage of justice.
France has been tried by the civilized
world ami found wanting. A chance was
given to France to redeem herself and
win back the good opinion of other na
tions, hut the enemies of France have
prevented the country from redeeming
its honor. If the result .should remain
unchanged civilized nations should show
their contempt for France, and there will
be a chance next year to st»ow It. France
has outrag'd the best feelings of human
it> at the end of the century."
\V. \V. Foote, member of tho California
Paris Commission: "I have followed the
se< end trial of Dreyfus with great att< n
tion and Interest. la my opinion, based
on the evidence that has been published,
his conviction is an outrage on humanity
and a parody on justice. Nothing pre
sented during the whole course of the
trial warrants such a verdict, and the
findings of the court constitute a farce
which becomes a tragedy when their con
sequene'ea to Dreyfus are considered.
This decision of the French tribunal will
be Car-reaching in its effects. It will not
only touch the very foundations of French
official and political life but it will havo
its influence on the politics of the Tutted
States, and will possibly be very detri
mental to the Republican party in this
country In the Influence it will exert on
the next Presidential election, it wili
show the Hebrews of thin country the
evils of an- Imperial policy in which the
military party is the dominant influence."
Rabbi Jacob Voorsanger: "The verdict
was Just what one would have a right to
< sped from such a court. The court
martial was composed of inferior men
wIh i have more or less the fear of their
chiefs before their eyes and of whom one
could not have expected a verdict accord
ing to the law and the evidence. The
Court of Cassation had pronounced the
bordereau to be a forgery and it was fair
ly to be presumed that the court-martial
would not try the defendant on the issue
of treason as it was before the first court
martial in the shape of the bordereau.
This second court-martial lias simply ig
nored the conclusions of the highest judi
cial court in France and has pronounced
a verdict of guilty against a man who
stands untainted in the eyes of the civi
lised world and who is the victim of a
conspiracy in which the chiefs of the
French army are the leading criminals.
aided and abetted by tho Royalists and
ti,.- ultra-Montaines. Few people expect
ed Dreyfus 1 vindication at the hands .of
the second court-martial. But, despite
his condemnation, which simply proves
that the court-martial could not rise to
the dignity of an unbiased judicial trib
unal, the friends of Dreyfus are encour
aged because they feel the end is not yet.
Dreyfus must be either guilty or inno
cent. He has been declared guilty upon
evidence that would be thrown out of
court in any civilized country outside of
France. He will be declared innocent by
the love of justice that I believe still per
meates»the French nation and the end is
n<>t yet. Meanwhile, those who love re
publican principles, let them stand by and
await the contest between this one un
fortunate and his persecutors who have
their own end to serve and whose final
condemnation and overthrow is simply
a matter of time. If there be a little jus
tice left in this world, the farce of the
second court-martial will simply acceler
ate the final vindication of Captain Drey
fus."
William Sproule, traffic manager South
ern Pacific Company: "At this distance
we cannot fairly judge the verdict. It
must be considered that the methods of
conducting a trial and the manner of tak
ing testimony in France are widely differ
ent from the proceedings in this country.
In the dispatches reporting the trial
some little shade of color may have been
given."
William Alvord, Hank of California: '*]
have great sympathy for Dreyfus, and
think that his punishment has been v. ry
severe, but I do not see how the verdict
of five of the seven Judges can be lightly
passed over."
George H. Wheaton, merchant: "Drey
fus' conviction by the court-martial is an
outrage, but I expected just such a ver
dict as was rendered."
Commissary began his reply. He prom
ised to be brief, and said he desired to
set before the court-martial a simple ob
servation:
"Weigh the Importance of the two cat- I
egories of witnesses— those for and
those against the prisoner. Weigh the !
Importance and judge. In all the inde
pendence of your character and all the
strength of soldiers. Proof Is every
where. The hour of supreme decision has i
sounded. France anxiously awaits your |
judgment. I also await It confidently, i
fully maintaining the conclusion already
announced. I demand the application of
article 76 of the Penal Code and article
267 of the Military Code."
The demand of the Government Com
mlssary caused a great sensation in
court.
M. Demange arose to. reply, and his
voice was hoarse from fatigue. He said:
"The Government Commissioner !n re
minding you of the text of the law has
also reminded us of what we already
know, namely, that you are only an
swerable to your -conscience and God for j
your verdict. This is my last word In i
this case. I feel that as men of honor :
and loyalty, and as military officers,
you will never accept as proof the hy- |
pothesis and presumption advanced here,
consequently my last word is the same I
spoke this morning. I have confidence
in you because you are soldiers."
Colonel Jouaust, president of the court,
asked Dreyfus If he had anything to say
in his behalf.
The prisoner arose and In a voice
choked with emotion declared he had only
one thing to say, but of that he was
perfectly assured. He said, "I affirm be
fore my country and before the army that
I am innocent. My sole act has been to
: save the honor of my name, the name
borne by my children. I have suffered
five years of the most awful torture. But
to-day I feel assured that I am about to
attain my : desire,' through your loyalty
and justice."
Colonel Jouaust— Have you finished,
Dreyfus? • : '■' ;l/i'-.
. Dreyfus— Yes. Mr. President.
The" court then retired to deliberate,
and the prisoner left the hall, never to
return, as, in ..accordance with the law,
the verdict was rendered in his ab
sence.
• The ringing of a bell announced the en-
; try of the -judges, -■* an officer ordered
"Carry arms!" 'and '.'Present arms!" the
rattle of rifles followed, and then Colonel
Jouaust marched In. saluted and laid his
kepi on the table. The other judges did
likewise, the gendarmes shouted silence
and the stillness of death fell on the audi- j
ence, who waited, heart in mouth, for the |
announcement of Dreyfus' fate.
Colonel Jouaust then began reading the
judgment, which opened with the ques
tion referred to the judges by the Court
:of Cassation: . . : : - ■
.-. "Was Dreyfus , guilty of entering . into
! machinations to send secret documents
to a foreign country?"
He then Rave the answer that the court
by a majority of five to two found Drey
fus guilty.- 1 ' " ' . ' v ■ " ■
The silence was immediately broken by
a rushing of the reporters to- drop their
previously prepared telegrams into the
fetter box opening into the street, and a
gendarme received them and gave them to
the- respective messengers for transmis
sion by wire. The nois« called forth a >
Btem-cryof "Silence, silence," and again t
all sound was hushed until Colonel !
Jouaust finished speaking. . . .. -■
He concluded by saying the court would
remain sitting until the room was cleared.
Be asked the audience to go out quietly i
ami not to • raise a shout of any sort.
The gendarmes then closed around the :
audience and pressed them outside. Not I
a word was raised by any one. Every- !
thing passed off with complete calm.
As the people emerged the gendarmes i
kept them moving away from the court. I
The small crowd of people outside cheered j
for the army, but the gendarmes did not |
interfere, and there was not the slightest
disorder.
The judgment was read to Dreyfus in
an adjoining little room by the clerk of
the court, M. Coupers. Dreyfus listened
impassive, did not give the slightest sign
of emotion, did not utter a word and
marched back to prison like an automa
ton.
It is understood Dreyfus will ho sent to
Fort Corte, in the island of Corsica.
A largo crowd, which the police kfpt
moving, waited around the square in
Which the telegraph office and the prin
cipal cafes are situated. When the peo
pk' learned the court had been out an
hour it was argued that this meant a diß
afreemeut in favor of Dreyfus. The first
Indication trt these watchers that a result
had h( en reached was when a soldier on
a bicycle came tearing along as fast as
he could from the L.ycee toward the artil
lery barracks.
The soldiers and gendarmes keeping the
streets free sat up in their saddles and
watched the bicyclist as long as he re
mained in sight. This orderly was dis
patched before the court returned, as an
other live or ten minutes elapsed before
the army of reporters and messengers on
foot and on bicycles came in a wave up
the str"et, and the telegraph offlce was in
a pandemonium.. Tt was literally packed
v.itli m^n and women, all struggling to
ward the two little windows where the
dispatches were filed. Meanwhile the
news of the condemnation of Dreyfus had
filtered out to the crowd, but it produced
no excitement.
HOW THE NEWS WAS
RECEIVED BY PARISIANS
PARIS, Sept 9.— At 5 o'clock this
evening every available cafe seat in
the boulevards was occupied, and
minor scuffles were frequent. At about
5 o'clock the Gaulois exhibited to an
enormous crowd a placard on which
were the words "Vive l'Armee,"
which indicated that the verdict was
anti-Dreyfus. The announcement was
greeted with a deep hum of approval
and joy.
The L-ibre Parole announced that
Dreyfus had been condemned to im
prisonment for life. The editions were
absolutely torn from the hands of the
vendors. Tt was almost impossible to
hear opinions friendly to the prisoner.
The masses were hostile to Dreyfus.
But in private circles the verdict was
condemned in strong terms.
The anti-revisionists continued to is
sue editions suppressing the fact that
Dreyfus was condemned to only ten
years' detention.
In the presence of the extraordinary
sentence it is believed the tribunal rec
ognized the prisoner's innocence, but
waa afraid of the generals and public
opinion, and that as Dreyfus has suf
fered five years' cellular imprisonment,
which in France counts for double, he
will bo immediately released.
As this dispatch is sent the excite
ment was wearing away and the peo
ple were leaving the boulevards.
For More Dreyfus See Page 15
ADVERTISEMENTS.
II Has Happened
More than once that a child has been
carried off by an eagle. When such
a thing does happen the press rings
with the story. There's not a line
given by the press to the babies car-
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fact of the child being taken .away
that is startling or interesting, it's
only when the method of taking off
is novel that it excites interest. How
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them )«ad been able to give them
strength and vitality. Dr. Pierces
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mothers and healthy lathers have
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Mrs. Axel Kjer, of Gordonville, Cape Gir-
ardenu Co.. Mo., writes: "When I look at my
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This is my fifth child and the only one who
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gave us as fine a Httle boy as ever was.
Weighed ten and one-half pounds. He is
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sees him wonders at him.' 1
Dr. Pierces Pleasant Pellets keep
the bowels healthy and regular.
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WITH THE NEW CLIP.
i Photo Goods— Kodaks,
SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS. ... „
Oculists' prescription."! filled. Quick repairing
factory on premises. Phone Main ,10.
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unaiß CHOniCit n<nii«i»h
After using Ely's J^f^^^
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Grand Aye.. tT****'!
Brooklyn, N. Y. Jkssffi\
Cream Balm Is placed into nostrils spreads
over the membrane and Is absorbed. 'Relief is
Immediate and a. cure tallow*. It is not drying
—does not produce sneezing. Large Sl-e 50c-
; at Druggists or by mall; Trial Size. 10c. by
I rr.all. ' ' *
ELY BROTHERS. 56 Warren Street. New York.
A TRAVELING SALESMAN
WANTED 1
One who has had experience In paint and oil
or sash and door business preferred. Address,
stating full particulars, experience, salary, etc.
"Sash & Doors." box 2133. Call office.
INVESTMENT OIL CO.,
Adjoining the famous section 20. Coallnga Dis-
L r v!, Ct> T i? re £ , wells now Producing about 4000
I "bis. aaily: limited amount stock will be start-
ed; S3 snare for developing purposes- parties
: buying now will reap all advances;. For pros-
! pectus write or phone JOE D. BIDDLE Gen- I
eral Agent. SO Montgomery st.. Burks ' ticket
i office, phone Black 3334; also A. HALEY, sec-
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j fifth floor, phone Main **;.■
i 4% ■% ■ I ■ ■ ■ and Morphine Habits
Hi 3 a 1 1 *HI curcJ at h>me - Wr!t *
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DR. KILMER'S REMEDIES.
DR. KILMER'S SWAMP-ROOT "
Is Not Recommended for Everything.
But if You Have Kidney or Bladder
Trouble It Will Be Found Just
the Remedy You Need.
Kidney trouble preys upon the mind,
discourages and lessens ambition;
beauty, vigor and cheerfulness soon
disappear when the kidneys are out of
order or diseased.
Kidney trouble has become so preva-
lent that it is not uncommon for a
child to be born afflicted with weak kid-
neys. If the child urinates too often,
if the urine scalds the flesh, or if. when
the child reaches an age when it should
be able to control the passage, and it
is yet afflicted with bed-wetting, de-
pend upon it, the cause of the difficulty
is kidney trouble, and the first step
should be. toward the treatment of these
important organs. This unpleasant
trouble is due to a diseased condition
of the kidneys and bladder and not to
a habit as most people suppose.
So we find that women as well as
men are made miserable with kidney
and bladder trouble and both need the
same remedy. The mild and the im-
mediate effect of Swamp-Root is soon
realized. It is sold by druggists, in
fifty-cent and one dollar sizes. You
may have a sample bottle by mall free,
also pamphlet telling all about It, in-
cluding many of the thousands of tes-
timonial letters received from sufferers
cured. In writing Dr. Kilmer & Co.,
Binghamton, N. V., mention the San
Francisco Sunday Call.
Buswell Paint Co.
Manufacturers
Sent Free /Lw^^mmrTr^ C'f 00
Money Back If mjHflflflteaiißir v "I""
you don't like It Spwt||l PER GAL.
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Broadway g Es^...'!T»+r> • San
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If your painter or dealer can not furnish the
BUSWELL PAINTS
UNITED STATES BRANCH.
STATEMENT
OF THE
CONDITION AND AFFAIRS
—OF THE—
STJTsT
INSURANCE OFFICE
OF LONDON, ENGLAND, ON THE 31ST
day of December, A. D. 1898, and for the
year ending on that day. as made to the In-
surance Commissioner of the State of Cali-
fornia, pursuant to the provisions of Sections
610 and 611 of the Political Code, condensed as
per blank furnished by the Commissioner.
CAPITAL.
Amount of Capital Stock, paid up
In \pash
ASSETS.
Real Estate owned by Company.;.. *250,000 00
! Loans on Bonds and Mortgages ISS.OOO 00
Cash ■ Market Value of all Stocks
and' Bonds owned by Company — 1,514,260 00
Amount of Loans secured by pledge . ~\ .-: •.-.■"
of Bonds. Stocks and other market- ■
able securities a3 .collateral
Cash in Company's Office 472 51
Cash in Banks ♦ 170,952 85
interest due and accrued on all
Stocks and Loans 23,137 12
Interest due and accrued on Bonds
and Mortgages I.SoO S3
Premiums in due Course of Collec-
tion 274,564 19
Bills receivable, not Matured, taken
for Fire and Marine Risks
Rents due and accrued 1,429 17
Due from other Companies for Re-
insurance on losses already paid..
Total assets ■■», 724,971 67
LIABILITIES.
Losses adjusted and unpaid $18,996 43
Losses in process of Adjustment or
in Suspense 177,353 57
Losses resisted. Including expenses 10,400 00
Gross premiums on Fire Risks run-
ning one year ox less, $961,523 12;
re-insurance 50 per cent 450,76156
Gross premiums on Fire Risks run-
ning more than one year, $1,643,-
-119 27: re-insurance pro rata £33.544 53
Gro?s premiums on Marine and In- .
land Navigation Risks. $ ...;
re-Insurance 100 per cent
Gross Premiums on Marine Time
Risks, $ : re-insurance 50 per
con t •.•■....•....*.*.......■*...■*■•..*•
Due and 1 accrued for- salaries, rent,
etc 1,316 67
All other demands against the Com-
pany ■■ 66,962 "23
Total liabilities ..■ ..$1.641334 93
; . :
INCOME.
Net Cftsh actually received for Fire
premiums .....ji.sl'.zos la
Net Cash actually received for Ma-
rine premiums v'"i ■
Received for interest on Bonds and ._„„,,
Mortgages Vy.'WV t.OW 00
Received for interest and dividends
on Bonds, Stocks. Loans and from
all other sources »^«
Received for rents -• .';.'■■» *>
Total Income -JL^Jgi-i?
EXPENDITURE?.
Net amount raid for Fire Losses
. (including JI4S.4W 25. losses of pre-
viotis years) $.«.-«-*- «
Net amount paid for Marine Losses
(including $ losses of pre-
vious yearsi
Dividends to Stockholder?
Paid or allowed for Commission or
Brokerage ■■ • »42 >3 94 10
Paid for Salaries. Fees and other
charges for officers, clerks, etc.... 96.-44 10
Paid for State. National and local
taxes 41. i«* -*
All other payments and expenditures 121.103 06
Total expenditures $1.506.010 M
. —
Losses Incurred during the year $351.310 99
Risks and Premiums. IFire Risks. [Premiums.
Net amount of Risks I
written during the year $223,051,762 $1.954. 00
Net amount of Risks ex-
pired during the year.. 222. 7' ■! 2,124,513 75
Net amount in force De-
cember 31. 1395.... i 707.331: 2.809.642 33
J. J. GUILE. United States Manager.
Subscribed and sworn to before me this 24th
day of January. 1399.
EDWIN F. COREY.
Commissioner for California In New York.
J. B. F. DAVIS & SON,
General Agents Pacific Department,
OFFICE 213-215 SANSOHE STREET,
SAN FRANCISCO. CAL.
Telephone Main 5968.
LESLIE A. WRIGHT,
Assistant General Agent.
' *"M&G*3sb&ri W Bls^ u «* non-poi.«onn«,
»'i!a^^a remedy for Gonorrl-.tM,
i«»JSJr <2CUEb "^SSI <.-leet, 3p»rmatorrhceti,
JSeySy »n ito s d»;s.\gi whites, unnatural li#-
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■ *•■>■ not to scrtetnre. tion. irritation or ulcor*-
; ga— Jg?r«Ttau eoaiajian. tiou of mucous m- m-
K*arHEEVANSCHE«!CuCo. branes. Non-astringent.
«SsjL CINC!mTI,O H9i Sold by DrußriM*,
U. 1. a jPWi °r » at in plain \rrar^r.
■*^fflrerah. i^P'ff '■'? exprca*. ore paid, ial
•gJEBH&MggrSMi *M». or alwtthi; ti.rs.
*»^*iSaagßrV' ■ Circuiar Mat w* ntvxA
€> ?PATENTsf j)
ViS^aSQ MARKET SY. SJv^SrtS^

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