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In Hands of Seniate Lies Redemption of Party Pledge for Honest Primaries HOUSE DOES ITS DUTY AND LOOKS TO SENATE Passes Primary Amendment as Submitted by the Free Conference * FINAL TEST ARRIVES Upper Chamber Has Re demption of Pledge in Its Hands George A. Van Smith CALL HEADQUARTERS, 1007 EIGHTH STREET. SACRAMEXTO, Ffb. 22. — «The Le|fl» lature kIiqII have the power to enact law» relative to the election of dele cate« to conventions of polittriil par ties; anfi the LesfKlature (shall enact law« providing for the direct nomina tion of candidates for public office, by electors, political partlea, or oreaalza ttons of electors without convention* at elections to be known and dealsnated as primary election*!* also to determine ibe tests and conditions upon which electors, political parties, or organiza tions of electors, may participate In nnjr nuch primary election. It shall also be Ixtvrful for the Legislature to ', prescribe that any such primary elec- ' tion shall be mandatory and obligatory. The Legislature shall also have the power to establiKh the rates of com pensation for primary election officers servinc nt nuch primary elections in any city, or city and county, or county, or other subdivision of a designated population, without making such com pensation uniform, and for such pur pose such law may declare the popula tion of any city, city and county, county or political subdivision. Provided, buw exer. that until Vite Legislature shall enact a direct primary election luvr un der the provisions of this section* the prosesst primary election law shall re inafn tn force and effect.** HOUSE RISES TO DUTY 3y a vote of 57 to 1, the Assembly arose to its duty today, saved its dig nity and acquitted itself of further responsibility in the matter of direct primary legislation by passing the Held-TVright constitutional amendment as .submitted by the free conference. The whole question of the submis sion of a direct primary con stitutional amendment is again up to the Senate, and this time in such form that there can be no further quib bling. The report of the free confer ence must be accepted by the Senate or the Held-W right amendment Is dead and there will be no direct primary law passed for at least four years. The Assembly has cleared its skirts, and cleared them by accepting with a single dissenting vote, the Senate's proposi tion. Responsibility for the fate of the measure and the redemption of the platform pledges made by Republican and Democratic parties Is In the hands of the Senate, to be determined on Monday morning. When t-be Assembly conferees got j around to a frame of mind to take up i the work of getting out of the ugly hole it <iug for itself when It refused to concur in the Senate proviso at tached to the Held-Wrlght amend ment, they were prepared to act quick ly and did so. The conference commit tee appointed under the new Joint rules met at 3 o'clock this morning and, as- forecasted by The Call, returned promptly to the two houses a report of failure to agree, accompanied by a request for a free conference. POSTPONED UXTIL MOXDAT At the brief meeting of the confer ence committee the conferees had is-greed upon a compromise to be V'-ached in free conference, and when rYe same committees were named to go Into free conference, a meeting was arranged for 1:50 this afternoon. Twen ty minutes later the amended measure wan before both houses, and within half an hour the Assembly had, with its dignity and honor intact, ratified the work of the conference and again passed the amendment. .In the Senato a small atte.ndance and a request from Senator Price for on explanation of the amended measure resulted In Senator bright asking that consideration o*f the report be postponed until Monday mornir.g. ThejSenate proviso at which the As sembly balked Is retained. In fact the amendment is in law and effect Just what it was when passed originally by the Senate and refused repassage by the Assembly. The change. which permitted the As sembly to get from under without loss of dignity Is in the third line of the amendment and provides that the Leg islature shall enact laws for the nomi nation of. candidates for publlo office •without conventions. Instead' of merely authorizing the Legislature to enact puch legislation. Obviously this change means nothing, save la verbiage, since, adopted. Jt is law without sanction. A -mandatory clause in the legislation does not provide any penalty to be In flicted upon a Legislature which shall fail to comply with the provisions of the section. MEETS DE3IAXDS OF CRITICS' Nor can it- But one thing it does do beside* permitting the Assembly to beat a graceful retreat. It meets the da mand of those undoubtedly earnest but unthinking critics of everything presented at this session of the Legis lature who have been carping about the worthlessness of a constitutional amendment which leaves the enactment of direct primary laws optional with a subsequent Legislature. The word "shall" is incorporated. True. 'lt im posts no additional duty upon the Leg islature, but It meets the demand of the captious. -- -.'\u25a0 \u25a0 There Is some opposition to the meas ure In the Senate from those. Senators who thought the Assembly had got in so deep that escape was impossible and that the measure .was irrevocably lost, without their being compelled to s-how. their hands In opposition. Now that it is back to them in effect, if not in substance, exactly what it was when th*»y gave It their 'votes and passed it on to the lower house, they will try to pick new flaws in it. This will not be an eaEy matter, and since the public has .been aroused by the belief that there has been an attempt to Juggle the measure to Its death in disregard of the party pledges, the men who decline to accept the report of the free con ference must personally accept respon sibility for the repudiation, of 'those \u25a0 pledges if the measure fail*. to receive j.he ' constitutional twenty-seven votes. BITOSB VOTE AGAIXST The Assembly rose, to the occasion \rV_h the avidity of the' trapped school ba* who suddenly. discovers a*- hole In the fence. Assemblyman Held, on be half of the conferees, minced no words in presenting the report. He -told the Assembly that the Legislature had got to the end of its rope. If it wished to act In good faith with the people to SECOND VOTE ON SPUR TRACK BILL IS DENIED Devlin Fights for Recon sideration, but Is Turned Down TRAFFIC QUESTION Gives to Southern Pacific a Club Over the Gould Line CA^I, HEADQUARTERS, 1007 EIGHTH STREET. SACRAMENTO. Feb. 22.— 8y a vote of 29 to 3S the Assembly refused .today to consider Grove Johnson's spur track bill, which was rushed through last night while many members were nod ding In their seats. The roll call on final passage showed 43 ayes and 9 noes. Johnson waa not present. Here tofore It has been ttie rule at night sessions to postpone action on contest ed'measures, but last night the rule was ignored. Assemblyman Devlin, who had given notice of reconsideration, argued today that an unfair advantage had been taken of opponents of the measure, but Grove Johnson was satisfied, so was Jere Burke, and the Assembly voted Devlin down. Jhbnson's bill extends the authority of the Railroad Commission to street railways And interurban roads, and gives It greatly Increased powers. It may hold hearings on petitions for spur tracks not over 500 feet long and order I such spurs put In. It may investigate and declare the blame for all accidents, and It may compel any railroad to ar range an interchange of yaffle with an other. According to supporters of the bill the spur track provisions do not apply to Incorporated cities and towns, but opponents say that the existing law on the subject is uncertain- Further, they argue that under the proposed law a Railroad Commission subservient to "William F. Herrin could use its power to make the Southern Pacific Company demand proof in all suits growing out of accidents. One provision of the bill that particularly pleases the Herrinites would enable the Railroad Commission to compel the Western Pacific to Inter change traffic with the Southern Pacific. i Grove Johnson Insists that the bill Is In the interests of the people. He says it will give the members of the Rail road Commission something to do be sides draw salaries. PURE DRUG BILL PASSES Sleasnre to Unravel Secret of Patent Sledlclnes Is Approved. SACRAMENTO. Feb. 22. — Assembly man Campbell's pure drug bill, designed to prevent adulteration of drugs and to compel manufacturers to label their cure-alls In a way that will- Inform purchasers Just what they are getting, passed the lower house today by a vote of 43 to 7. Baxter of Wawonagave notice of reconsideration.' 'I' The Devlin constitutional amendment providing for a new system of revenue and taxation got 66 out of 67 votes in 4 the Assembly, but Grove Johnson gave notice of a motion to reconsider. Assemblyman Jury's bill providing for an election to decide the question of holding a constitutional convention was also approved by the Assembly. The measure drawn by Commissioner of Elections T. V. Cator to satisfy the demand of Senator Richard Welch, which gives the Legislature power to order the opening and Investigation of voting machines, passed by a vote of 46 to 2 and now goes to the Governor. XO FREE TEXTBOOKS Assembly Measure Providing fa- Them !\u25a0 Defeated In the Senate SACRAMENTO, Feb. 22. — The Assem bly bill providing for free textbooks in counties expressing their desire for them at a general election, which was a substitute for the measure introduced in the House by [ Strobrldge of Hay ward, was defeated when it came up for passage in the Senate today. The measure passed the Assembly by a big majority. Caminettl of Amadbr was In charge of the bill In the Senate and argued for its passage. He changed his vote and gave notice of reconsideration. "water front bill passes SACRAMENTO. Feb. 22.— The bill in troduced by Wolfe of San Francisco providing for the submission to the electors of a proposal, to Issue $2,000, 000 In bonds for the construction of a seawall, the building of wharves and piers, and the extension of th« belt line railroad, passed the Senate unanl mousl y^.today. >.* i A companion meaturt has been Intro duced raising the limit of maturity on State bonds to be Issued for water front improvements in San Francisco from twenty to seventy-five years. VALUABLE JEWELRY STOLEN Sacramento Mansion Robbed While Family Is at Dinner SACRAMENTO, Feb. 22.— The man sion of P. C. Drescher was entered by burglars last 'night and about $3000 worth of Jewelry stolen. While the family were seated at supper at about 7:20 p. m. a clever operator got in tho front door with a skeleton key and' made his way upstairs, ffb opened a Jewelry case belonging .to Mrs. Drescher and carried off many valuable pieces of Jewelry.; whom It was pledged it must accept this amendment. Further delay, he in sisted, meant failure to submit any amendment^ and willful repudiation of party promises the people had a right to expect sacredly kept. Asesmblyman Stetson, another member of the con ference, called attention to the alleged mandatory feature' of the amended measure, .which he believed would, if the people ratified it, make It incum bent, upon the, next Legislature to en act a direct primary law. It was, he said. In the Interest of the reform most de sired by the-people. 1 The, Assembly.was really more 'anx ious to* vote than, to, listen : to' reasons why it should vote and A. M. Drew, of Fresno' was" the' lone member: to' dis tinguish himself , by a' negative.. Those who voted 'for the measure were:' Barry, .Bebao, Bell, ; Berry. Blrdßill.i Bush, Butler, : Ca*<», Chandler,'. Cogswell, 1 Coghlan. : Col lister. Cornish. Costar. .. Cullen. Cutten, Daris, Derlla, Estudtllo, Ktaber. Fratwsa. Hammon, Hans. , Hartraann, - HeM. • Higgtns. .' John, • Johnson of San Diejo, ' Jury. Kelly, Lemon. \u25a0 Lucas;«Lud ington. Lynch, McClellan, . MeConnell..,McGulre,- McKeon, : McMnUln." 1 Otis/ PerclTal, i Pierce, f Pyle t Root. 1 . Snj-der. . Spaalding. , Ktauton, Stetson,^Stro bridse, Thompson of\l*os Angeles, iToomey. Tran sne. Vogel. ' Wessllng, . . Speaker Beardslee. , "\u25a0 \u25a0'-. . / THE .SA^ M PRIZE PACKAGES ARE PRESENTED TO JUDGES Substantial Raises Are Made in Several Counties of the State CONTRA COSTA, TOO Campbell Objects, but Bel- Shaw Insists on Increase — CALL HEADQUARTERS, 1007 EIGHTH STREET. SACIfAMENTO, Feb. ,22. — Senator Belshaw and Assemblj r man Campbell both come from Contra Costa County. One is an old hand- at the legislative game and the other is a recent re cruit. The latter fact explains how Belshaw forced Campbell to with draw his objection to " raising tho salary of Contra Costa County's -Su perior Judge from $4000" to ?5000. • \u25a0 Campbell took issue with* Belshaw on a "prize package" bill introduced by Grove ' Johnson. Originally' the bill, which was in the form of an amendment fixing the salaries of, Su perior 'Judges, made only one change. It raised the salary of Sacramento County's Judges >from $4000 to $6000. When it emerged from committee the Sacramento salary stood at $5000,, but Marin County had slipped in with v a raise from $-1000 to. $5000; also Orange County, with a" raise from $3500 to $4000. In this form the bill passed the House. . \u25a0 Upstairs several docorations were added. Los Angeles was raised from $5000 to $6000, Santa Clara from. $4000 to $5000, Contra Costa from $400^ to 55000 and Mariposa, Venjiura and Mono from $3000 to $4000. . When the bill found its way back to the lower house Campbell objected to the Contra Costa amendment. An Increase, he said, was not needed, and the people of his county were opposed to it Out of courtesy to Campbell the Assembly, while concurring in all other amendments, upheld' his objec tion. A conference committee was ap pointed, Belshaw grinned and stood his ground, and the Senate refused to recede. \Today the question came up again in the Assembly. Campbell had "nuthin' at all to say," and his col leagues promptly concurred in the Contra Costa amendment. INSURANCE BILLS Adver»e Committee Report* on Some of the Measures Introduced SACRAMENTO, Feb. 22.— The Senate committee on insurance decided this afternoon to report adversely on two bills Introduced by Gus Hartman of San Francisco. One of these measures pro-, vides for the depositing with the In surance Commissioner of $200,000 in se curities by every, lnsurance company in in the State that has been 'incorporated outside of California. The 'other is the familiar "valued, policy", measure, which requires insurance com panies to pay the full' face value of policies in the event of fire. „ The bill introduced by Sanford of Uklah, requiring insurance companies to publish their annual statements in a newspaper of every county' in' which they are engaged in business, i^lll also be reported adversely by the 'commit tee. :. ,-- Going: Up Fillmore street, just above Sutter, you will find the largest stock of cutlery In Stoltz's, 1835 Fillmore street. - • TO PROHIBIT DEER KILLING SACRAMENTO.. Feb. 22.— Carter of Los Angeles tried to have the game laws .amended further In the Senate to day by prohibiting, the trailing of deer by hounds. The proposal was- voted down, twice last week, after splrite>i debate. Carter's amendment was de feated today, and Nelsonf' of San Fran cisco then Introduced another amend ment-providing for. a closed season for deer for three years. The amendment was passed without roll call. Consid erable opposition tothe amendment is expected to develop, however, when the bill to which It is attached comes up for, passage. - I DON'T HACK I B .PUT OMAN I I PLASTER I gf high np on the chest. It won't cure a g you in a minute, but keep it on a n m reasonable length, of time and you » fi will feel the beneficial results. § a For ib* aibtKf b£ch after a Grlppy J I y Cold, it has no equal. J ra RZREMBCB- ytltcodt'szTetheorig- 1 \ X ioal and ceK«i»e porous plasters. Made f if *f abaohitolv tlie porMt aod l»<Mt mater- . j • H fals, and ' Gneureatoed wider the Par* '< f H Pawl nd JOnx«a Act. Juno 34), 1906. I I SsritlNo.^. .-; . ;-.,' :-•; :U , J -. A Laxative and a Blood Tonic £ Each pill cootainßoneßTatn of solid ex- \ tract' of sarsapiiiUa, which. 'vrith other ', , valuable. vegetable product*,' tsake it a \ blood purifier of excellent character.. .'\u25a0' '• For C«m»Cpatlfls. I - Bl!l«t»acsc, Eetabllsh^d 1782 -, I Cough Remedy^! | IS UN CQUAUEO FO« 1 | Ccc ghi» Cclds csd Crosp. Jr TO LIMIT THE POWER OF THE SPECIAL AGENTS House Decides; to Restrict thelUse of g the -.Big Appropriation SLURS ON j SETTLERS People of West; Resent Idea Public; bomaifußesidents j; ; , < Are Tliieves WASHINGTON, Feb.^'.-^The House In committeo'of the*,whole placed Itself squarely oh record today in -favor of limiting the power of, special agents of the Department of the. Interior by a vote, restricting the »\u25a0 use i of;. tho appro priation of $250,000.covered by the sun dry civil service appropriation "bill to pay the salaries of such agents.. -By a vote. of- 104 to 170 ,-^the^ committee adopted an amendment.offered by Mon dell. ; \u25a0:'-\u25a0'\u25a0! -r :'. ,'. V. ,V,,.- :, ' During the debate .the -work of the special agents was severely. condemned and the orders of . the.President re garding final proof o^homesteads criti cised,.-as ' working unneccessary hard ships upon settlers. .;-. \u25a0 -^ • Cushman .of Washington in cham pioning" the' Mbndellv amendment said he regarded the Secretary _of. the Inte rior "as an honorable, jhonest and high minded man and welU'iiitentioned,". but added: V : '\u25a0 '. "' I do believe he is suffering from a very sever* case of suspicion regarding; the inte&rity of tbe people \u25a0of .the West. Tbe « present Secretary lof the Interior has advertised and given curremry to a great degree to these few, lonesome instances of fraud that have occurred 'until be has saturated the public mind with the belief that men who re side on the public domain are thieves and loot ers. \u25a0 . , : ...'.,.\u25a0 \u25a0- \u25a0 ' Cushman declared the progress of the West depended on the;ownership of the land by individuals, and denounced the present policy as opposed to that: in terest. Continuing he' 1 said: It seems to roe the Secretary, of the Interior Is proceeding In th«>Ee matters- on < the assumption that all men on the Western domain are dishon est unless the contrary ; is r proved, -and this is known to be untrue. There is no reason why the people of the. West should be watched by 'a herd of private detectives. I would like to ask " the gentleman from Illinois • (Mann), vrho seems to thint it Is necessary to have these special agents watching the men from Minnesota in order that they may perpetrate no dishonest act; who Is to guarantee the honesty of the special agent? ' When a special agent starts out from the offloo of the Secretary of tbe Interior, he Is saturated before he starts with the r. idea Jof \u25a0 fraud. The very existence of his Job depends 'upon his finding fraud, and if he does not find fraud the necessity for his official existence ceases.- . '\u25a0 I wonld rather accept the statement of the set-. tiers than those of the agents, who have been appointed perhaps from tho suburbs of a slaugh ter-house in Chicago, simply, through political "In fluence, to investigate t tie public domain of the country. After further debate the amendment was adopted. • . Kahn of California spoke In support of the appropriation- for a storehouse at Dover, N.I'J., for a' reserve supply of » suits left our New York workroom the same time. | sale $9.85. You all know what a sensation A S they created — how we were compelled to withdraw the ° jL offer in the middle of a busy Saturday on account of being fl^^^^w^^^^^r r9 jl n.e siXLii case arnveo. yesxerQciy. j. nere are z«u suits Msst sPissi!iEjiy9P§Q enough for one day — for today only we renew that great :?J9 i^^^S^^^^^^ |§ offer and ask you to come and select a splendid $15 suit JHII fttf^^B^^^^ffl © I Made of splendid quality 18-ounce pure wool — closely woven — 1 j guaranteed weatherproof— indigo serge — impervious to sun or. rain 1 \ — Single-breasted Wall-street Models. Products of our own work- I © rooms. Every garment thoroughly tailored. Positively a bargain at . ' • |V- \u25a0 This is without exception one of the greatest suit offerings we .have ever made. N^T^^'^^^li^ffl^^l^^^P^gl^^^ I It may be likened to buying $15 worth of gold for $9.Bs— because serges of this character are \ • as staple a3 sugar. They command a price. Here are Suits without which no gentleman's - y '^^'fe^^^^^^ \u25a0 O vwardrobe is cornplete.^A^ stylish blue- serge,. one for which you would be glad' to pay $15. ©* | x oday^ only. Cpy.oo.. :-.. .. \u25a0 ... * 1 I Men?si^ls^Ov^rcoats ;: :!il 7.35 1 I;' -/Men's $ 4 Shoes $ 2.65 | •| Airthesmajilots^epres^nt^^ The shoe— the, best $4.00 shoe in ® 1 ; ! and ;mdst;pppular styles in overcoats, worth' sls, and America. We secured severaf hundred pairs that | 1, |1T \5O, are nowmarked down.for d;final clearance to e re on the floor at ; a great concession. | \u25a0\u25a0'\u25a0" medium length— the v - Tourisl>— the Strattoii— in Patent leather— Velour Calf and Box Calf— all • |\u25a0\u25a0 plain 'colors; and fancy mixture sizes. Instead of their regular price ($4) youpayus | !-'- riety^-«fl sizes are represented in the lot;*/ ; only $2.65. | I I** Fillmore and Ellk TWO STORES 730 Market Street "\u25a0 £|| &T&%fiMA%^^ Baking Powder is con- siderable. Royal is economical, because it pos- sesses' more leavening power and goes further. war. material. . He urged the necessity for preparing for war Jn time of peace, and mentioned the -war. now on in Cen tral "America as an ; indication tha\ this continent cannot. remain permanently at peace. ' \ '\u25a0••' The committee rose at 6:35 o'clock, having completed 119. pages of the sun dry civil bill. LVQUIRY IS POSTPONED Northern Pacific* Reorganization to Be Taken Up Next Session WASHINGTON. Feb. 22.— The Senate committee on ; Pacific railroads failed to get a quorum today to consider Sen ator Heyburn's resolution directing the committee to :mako an Investigation of the recent reorganization of'the North ern v ;Paciflc Railroad Company. ; It", was! the opinion of the members present that the matter should be post poned until the next session of Con gress, as it was -agreed that no action could be had during the short time that remained of.t he present session. PROVIDES FOB ARBITERS Bill Creating; Commission to Settle Labor Dlsputen Reported Favorably WASHINGTON. Feb. 22. — The" House committee on interstate and foreign commerce decided today to report favorably the Townsend bill providing for the appointment of N a" commission by the President to -arbitrate labor trou bles which -threaten interstate com merce. The committee amended the bill so that the commission shall be under the Department of Commerce and Labor, rather than the Department of "the Interior. ,;;; "WEST POINT BILL PASSED Senate Makes Appropriation of $1,047,- 353 for Military Academy .WASHINGTON, Feb. 22.— The Senate at . tonight's session passed the bill making appropriations for the support of the military academy. -The bill, ap propriating $1,947,383. was passed just as it' came. from the committee, only a few minutes being consumed in the | consideration of the measure. I A discussion lasting throughout the entire day, to which was added a fu tile night session, failed to secure final action in the Senate on the amend ments to the agricultural appropriation bill, proposing to make an Increase of $1,000,000 in the item for the support of the forest "reserve. Forceful speeches were made by Senators Burkett. Depew and Bever *dge in defense of the work of Chief Forester Pinchot. and opposed to the extension of the forest service by Sen ator Heyburn, who went into the entire subject. .-- \u25a0 -\u25a0\u25a0--\u0084.- - -\u25a0 f. FAVORS JITOGESHir BILL WASHINGTON, Feb. 22.— The House judiciary committee ordered a favorable report today on Kahn's bill creating an additional judgeshlp for the North ern California district. Kahn has been told by Speaker Cannon- that tbe bill could}be called up next week. Senator Piles of Washington, who blocked the first bill, has withdrawn* his objection to the new bill and the prospects are good for obtaining the judgeshlp at this session. COLONELS TO BE RETI TIED WASHINGTON. Feb. 22.— The Presi dent sent to the Senate the following: To be placed on the retired list with rank of brigadier general. Colonel A. Markley. Thirteenth Infantry; Colonel Frank H. Phipps. ordnance department; Colonel A. Stickney, corps of engineers; Colonel Harry B. Osgood, assistant commissary general: Colonel Garrett J. Lydecker, corps of engineers. - TWO ALASKA LAND DISTRICTS WASHINGTON, Feb. 22. — The Senate committee on territories ordered favor ably reported a bill to create two ad ditional land districts in Alaska, one at Nome and one at Fairbanks. . j.'i'.T. Sale of Seats for Rosentbal Concerts begins today at the store of Kohler & Chase, Sutter and Frank.Hn streets, block above Van Ness aye., . * PRESIDENT AND WIFE VISIT CULTURE CITY Desire to See Their Sons Theodore and Kermit at Harvard and Groton WASHINGTON, Feb. 2?.— President Roosevelt left today for Boston, wher« he will spend Saturday anil Sunday, re turning to Washington in time for breakfast Monday morning. The Pres ident is accompanied by Mrs. Roose velt and Miss Ethel Roosevelt. Repre sentative Nicholas Longworth and 51. C. I«atts. assistant secretary to thi President. The Massachusetts trtp Is purely a personal one, the President and Mrs. Roosevelt desiring to sp»nd a short time with their sons. Theodore Jr. (at Harvard) and Kermit (in school at Groton). The only function of ar.y ex tent will be the reception of th» Har vard Union Saturday afternoon. At that time the President will ' speak. Pre vious to, the reception he will attend a luncheon given by the Sphynx Club, a university organization. While in Boston the President will be the guest of a former Harvard class mate. Dr. A. S. Bigetow. while Mrs. Roosevelt will visit at the home of Mrs. George Elee on Chester Hill. . On Saturday evening the President will attend a gathering of the Pore»- lain Club of Harvard to •witness tlv> initiatory ceremonies attending the In duction into the organization of his son Theodore. I.a»t Day !• This is the last day of thft Used Piano Sale. Those used pianos still left will be marked up to the former prices infter today. Byron llauzy. -1165-1175 lO'Farrell street, between Franklin anil iGough. • 3 a a