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HOW THE AUTO HAS BROUGHT CITY DWELLERS CLOSE TO NATURE THAT there is a hub of the uni verse every one knows. \u25a0 That there is a. hub of the automobile world and that hub la San Fran tisco every one does not know. But luch if* the fact. San Francisco, alt ling among her hills, forms the hub of »n immense wheel from which innum irable spokes radiate in the direction if the four earth corners. Some o* these radiating spokes form broad llghways in the automobile world; »thers are but ramifications, byways of ihe roads themselves, but all • lead to taunts of unsurpassed beauty, rest and loveliness, undiscoverable. Inaccess ible save by that reducer of time and SiEtance, the almost übiquitous"auto tiobile. One of the most beautiful and pic turesque roads leading out of the city tas been practically unknown until a ten* weeks ago when the Automobile Dealers' association of California held In endurance run to I^a Honda. When that run tras first suggested hardly Iny one of those anxious to go knew \u25ba hat the road was like. So some of • those who wished to do their machines md their steering powers credit went luietly over the course before the date 4et for the contest. When the beau ties of the road were discovered amaze* eient *vas universally expressed that «uoh exquisite spots sholild exist un known and unheralded just outside San Francisco. In order to take this particular trip >ne niust follow- the San Mateo road, lust before the heart of the little sub irban town is reached, one comes to a iridge. but the bridge must not be troesed, for it is the road just to the light of it that leads to some of the Host enchanting bits of scenery in all Tallfornia. This road is so shaded with Jail drooping trees that it resembles I broad lane. For a mile or so there Is I gradual descent, then comes a reach If open country, and then the auto b%> |rins to climb a hill. It is a steady thug-chug upward for about a mile. t\Tiile several branch roads leading to private homes are passed, one lias only to follow the pain which shows the fesalt of much travel to be pure that fre is in the ris-lit direction. When the lutamit is finally reached a splendid panorama bursts upon the rye. Far town, some hundreds of feet below, tpread to right and left, is the Crystal Iprlngs lake, where the water '.', '%',' lor the city is corraled. Mountains rlae on every side and, in the field and iroods \u25a0which border the lake^ there is *n Impression of neatness and form that conveys the feeling that one is bassing through the park of some vast estate. From the enxnmit overlooking the take the road runs down to the shore, fend an eaey coast all the way. A crossing is made about the middle of the lake, and then comes one of the tnost deceiving bits of roads in the tvhole run — the distance from . the bridge to Burns' store, about* three blocks away. It is the steepest grade. Practically every car has to go Into a lower gear to make it. From Burns* store it is mountain climbing for over three miles. tt is climb, climb, climb, following the canyons as one gets deeper and deeper into the mountains, twisting, turning fend retracing, till at times ode thinks lie must be going in a circle. But every Instant magnificent scenic effects are dropping into view. The kaleidoscopic picture is suddenly punctured when the highest point. ls reached and Spanish town valley unrolls before the eyes. Down, down, twisting and turning, rib bons the road until it reaches the level floor of the gorge where It disappears In the distance, an undulating line to ward the sea. If this road Is followed until near Halfmoon bay, or Spanish town, the sullen booming of the surf is heard, sounding like a rolling bom bardment in some distant battle. To the right, throueh the haze that over- THE RUSSIAN RIVER COUNTRY Here Is Grand Scenery, Big Game and? Rare lFishihgt M. D. Ashe READ this bit of Russian; river,, . hlston' so that, while you [ take the ridge road to Fort Ross >or ; fish In the waters.of'.the?SlawJ rmski or admire the beautiful redwoods^ of Sonoma county your mind 'will be delighted with tlie reminiscences which i. the 6treams tl mountains : ' and 'names'; re-^ call of £5 years -of Russian " occupa- ~ tion. BbMPQbBPVIVBBwMHHHB ' The population of . Alta -California., was very much "like "the.: dog i: in : the-, manger"—t hey; were- too * lazy/Ho ! de-*!, yelop the i country* themselves % and « still V did not: like to Bee their 'Calif ornla ? go L* to" foreigners. ,' They wanted: nojfor-*.| figners ', hero" and ' they *» gave^ passports T with ; reluctance.' But i foreigners fca'mej ? In eplte of Etringent immigration- laws - M'hich . they very: often : disregarded.*-" hangs the shore in the early morning, looms Pillar ', point, ari '. eternal . nionu-^ ment over the graves of \u25a0 those ; souls tbat^found their last '\u25a0 harbor', in ' the green depths of the merciless sea. ,^ It Is a. point 'dreaded bj* the mariners along the coast, formanya:stout .ship ha« : gone ashore: there, driven; by/ad verse: winds' and *tldes, though -in' full sight of ' the Golden- gate. J A Restful' Spot Halfmoon bay reached, the road leads through the main street, in a southerly course. The town Is? a quiet little place, restful and peaceful, where the; inhabitants seem to extract pleas- ; ure and contentment from' the lonip languid days as the bee extracts honey from the shading vines. Thoroughly Spanish in . character it-, has all'«the happy-^o-fucky air the days long past when the rush of the American for the elusive dollar was yet a : night mare of the future. As th«j car winds slowly, through^ the village one ,is greeted on all sides by smiling maids and matrons with the^ familiar "Buenos dias, senor," in the softest of musical tones. Speeding' along. a barren shore for some: miles, a bridge is crossed. and a quick turn is made to the rigrhtand the long grade begins. Straight up the cliff sides for nearly live miles ths road mounts with never a halt till, one More.';- than;v that.- - These r*> emigrants' worked and prospered and Spain gradu- ! allj-, lostJ California "i ' through >' the; inert .'Spanish-Mexican population./ '•' • Perhaps . the i- first ; - nation^ that . was ' welcomed I to\ these ' shores \wae !\u25a0 Russia. 'Madrid: and- St. Petersburg .y,wer«£ on! ; pretty f good ] terms 5 at^ that time ? and •: Emperor/Alexander^ had inovtroublegln' 1 \u25a0\u25a0 getting<,the* necessary, permit) for! a! set/ :. tlement iin£ Calif orn|al%-'AndTwheaUhe ' Russian gran ts!ila.nded'lth"ey/v. were! • accorded -"air hospitality, by /order; of ; the J court? of 1 . V -'^ ; - *?/ ; ;^."'>v^i.* .' - It' happened this .way : , ;The j Russians *\u25a0 had '£ "eßtabllshed's years "'.before "-i many ft, : sealing. Q stations *.. along f. the > VrAlaskanV coast: and'hadfbuiltjUp.a'falrltrade. In \u25a0\u0084 * 1 806g M. A 4A 4 de i? Resanoff, •% chamberlalm* to I \ the? emperor, \was7sent'. to f examine [con-* ditions " among \} tlie';; Russian ?>\u25a0 sealers 3 along I the J Arctic ; c6ast,*f • Having (done i bo Ihe \u25a0 sailed . south, Intending': to ; cstab- 1 llsh" a . station *on * the ? Columbia " river. - hand higher; yet/and 'a dazzling;' glimpse;? of "the coast ; lme/- with -its '\u25a0'{mlles^.of .white ribboned -surf :, billowing iin^ the* sunlight is obtained.T The: air,'; clean? and salt from 'the j sea. puts, if possible,' ' a \u25a0'\u25a0 keener ; edge ;*<)/•: the \ appeti te^and J . the /- thought" j 'of -• a i good,*:J square Vmeal^ . r 'lsjnot- dismissed, so'* promptly ;&B^you' ' feel that your", : poetic .instincts -should : justify.\ './._ --' ' '; \ : '.^ ";'"/"y'?^ t J ': >^' r i \u25a0The grade ended,': the,. downhill;. work \u25a0 commences. - Turning? slightly-inward, San" Gregorio ' is? soon, .reached 'and a; sharp^ curve made, overt a; third^bridgo*/. \u25a0in the direction of .LavHonda. i Now,' the y heavy wraps ";thati were, '.put on^ when/ - tho \u25a0 tri p \u25a0 began'/.- arc'j thrown -otZ\ and* • one feels the- heat ; of -; the* pervading \u25a0--.- , iSun./A few ; miles ;: through fopen jcoun-V-, .try. brings- theV-Jautomobiie; to 5 more . shaded .' roads * and \u25a0;' then icorao j the i red^;, - '.woods- followed % by t l>a - Ho^da.H where;- ; ; even'- tlie ' : : most ' ardent ; stops'^ to get rid. of^the \ pangs v.of* hunger:'!' 1 tcs'jminK. the' jourrieyr which' so' far has; : covered : some ? 54-: ni lies, /one -, ?ta rts one y on a longr^prade '"of - : fully^ .iiv>.xmileJ«.' \u25a0 ; ' Fl rst redwoods",;' then '-. shaded " cbun try, : = ; vn t il : sudden ly j ; t he'ii road s,pl un gea ' . ii m o • } the"elear.top3 of ,the* mountains. rXov/. : lik« a ; stage, jeffeet ; ; *at'i theVend j of ' a ; \u25a0 Christmas: ; pantomime, v. the.^exquisite '; : Santa ClaraTv valley , r i.n . all Vlts"<beaiit>v : ' breaks; into' view. \ One i'^slmplyi cannot .go on; he is ~- spellbound. I :'' >-..The£blii«' , waved bay, the - red ;unlversity_.;roofs» of '\u25a0' Palo Alto \u25a0 and the-; rest ::of a '* superb 1 prospect stand .out in sucha way, th^t; v it. is r almost impossible 7tOj believe 'that one'is not in a dreani.^FromHhissum-Vv . mlt,- with ; I ts^ climax of ;beauty>"it.isa coast *' of ; 13 miles . down ~'~ the mountain - Bat the dangerous , bar end lack l of [pro visions g forced 'him :to^ continue ;' south/; until he reached "Ban - Francisco. - JHe was 'taken Iwith' the beautlfui;bayithat contained r} thousands&of eotter^orlfeea; beavers V- and ;\u25a0.; with 'ft the^' surrounding] country^ that?, was)- so > well • adapted -to farming; arid? stock] raising.; ; ! *-"_•: • :0?: 0? : Resanoff wrote* to Governor ArrUlaga at Monterey regarding 'the ''establishing: ESiinflßw''". 1 ::;": --:•\u25a0>""• • — K.^vr^e&Wi-d of a, sealing, station 'on\theO>ey.^ saying.-, •how,*dranUgreou« it would >e : to both y partiesjand- their- home- government* to make 1 a^treatyi and? develop *. the ; ,'cpun- ?. :ry. together.". Arrillaga sbowed;Re6an- ? aff f great cOurtesy; He camel on; horse- < back g up! from s Monterey gtJuTJ Russian s noble and . promised -to lay \u25a0 theY project ,betor«] the: cabinet; at 'Madrid,^ l^ U; protable tb*t ; i* '"the J; toad ! v been C 'signed jj our V > hci ac i coast V. would 1 have]ibeen:.:quite* Rusolanlzed.'^j.M.:! de* Resanoft fell • In, 1 loyeiwl th"- Dona - Con-!; cepclbn.l; th'er^' beautiful 5> daughter^- of. ; Louis^ritonipJArgu^llo,^ Spanish^ com-* andante- at^ San 4 Franelsco/f iHe I'had^ great . popes': of imarrvlng *^>ona Concepf; 'clonV'aftd'saw^irf'tne.fuiufeJiils'homeMn't California,'; himself surrounded by .his', lovingvwife andrehildren?f r^"~.' • *' \^. H '^Resahoff'Si hopes v were; neyer^ 'ul lyl realized.^ l For^ although* •, h e ; reached'.^ St. i' Petersburg 5 and I'recelyed.i besl^ies'^a' commission; >t o r Madrid,- *a \u25a0 11-:1 1- : jsensestbfnfarry^the;' daughter- of gAr-j guellcC'^e^never^aaw^Callfo'rniajagain?. thrown?; from % his - horse^whilfrtriding-throughtSlberia'and^ ; was".*j kilfedyg Coffcepcion : Cwas ' heaftbrokoni^ntefedl*. ;a".'."cohvent *and' : gavefrh«r»e,lf- up {Charity. h '"> t<* ißuti^de^R^sanoff's! idea^was ;».not • toli perlsb '-tea .tlr ely.-> He Zhad \ written ; good \ clßco'bjjy >wVfeh. 4 ? its therds jof > otters ; -of the ;ellniate rand soil so well adapted to farming, : .and Sin -^the ; course Jot .% time; these documents attracted the attention I of Jtftejinipetiar^court;^', T^.:.; >% ;7 > i gov-V ,er rior. 'pf Russian ; America, " sent' M* de^ Koskoff to • settle » in^ .California,^ Kos-^ koff: landed l^ at Bodega? bayAwith 100 ,Russians;and : 100 KadJak*, lndians and proceeded to build? a- settlement^They! ibre^t^.w.Tth|i6emlthelrjf* t cayueas I!.?or?I !.?or? seal r skin boats h used >• in^ flshlng.gf Atl Bodega' they .built up an : immense 1 trade in otter. skins. 'killing "as many 'as 800 ; a^weelc? • one-half • the catch always \ went) to -the -Spanish ',comandante at San> Francisco *%t or> : the privilege lot I htmtlng,^ and theS remainder/ swere "i •hlpyed*Fto-iChlha"/andaJapan;;where; they.' iold l-torf |60 iwl&ii,* tnd^ la [ 'alack : ASaa- :7raJi^CQ ' CaH [seasons, for jsl2s.f! So'.that^the profits [of^theseiPiorieerKVikingslof Paciflo wero;enormous.'i'lThe_lr,grsed, as usual, all ?' but fTextermlnatetJ Athe r otters and Beals|in*t and about the^t>ay.;*r Our. seal rocks*;atfthe^Cllff;House"hold«"the:*rem-^ nantjOf ithelvasti herds 'that sOncejpeo-' pled --theses waters./ i Russians Vat \ Bodega: also; raised '": wheat ' and Uva , stock.r:The principal"farms.*Kostromit iniff .> and. 3 ; Kosko/f. (supplied . the * grata [and -'dried -meats for; the "Arctic .'• sta- | c l About ithe:years, 1817; and; 1S18; com--, yplaints" wejcc^sent'.to"* the? governor :of v i'Calif orrila. . and >. there ; . was j ' some ; ; talk ' iofiexpeHin'g'tlie^Russians. * These'com ' plaints t wer outcome 'of the envy [ of; the'; Spaniards,*, who <• had •>. been . here . ; soAlongx and -whoso ;: settlements .were » much ' inferior, to " those.- of ; the , energetlo : \u25a0 Russians. VjThe? Russians making . " too ."'hiuch',* money . ' 4 t07- please -" the v lazy \u25a0 Spaniards. .-.-' ** j '. .; \u0084.'-,"'.\u25a0. '. ": J jealous^'fe'elingsTwere started [ VwhenJth"ef?Russlans^built;'Fortißoss;a i few \» years ,-'- previous,^ about ; " 13 , miles \u25a0 * north .•: of ', the \' mouth rr r of "the ">. Russian - ; river. i'Here • liieutenant}GovernorJ Kos- | tromitinlff ? lived c and 'commanded " his - band ~of 1 COO /soldiers.' \u25a0: -From J. all . ac-' ii i counts ,hl3 fquarters at- Fort' Ross were : Sfarisuperlor?to^th6sc iof } the..' Mexican I I governor! at : Monterey'.- fL He 'Just *. lived ." onrrsmokedi goo4',Vlrglnla .tobacco ;and ; •drank|nnesFrench. wines, regardless of "the " squabbles This'prosperity^was Tcaus- ': ; ltig 'among Mexican (authorities/ - * p'-}p '-} It Iwas: dur lng> Kostrornl tin Iff *s * term. '"arjrlvedV In; Sa^j /Francisco, '" h haying .been * *sentTouts6n*a^scientific\cxpe3ition>:by: imperial fgdvernment.C»:t Am ong; the - scientists 'aboard was^ the"; great ? natur- ' ; alist; ? ;Dr.*;E." : t Schscholz" f rdm\which \ our; California pbppylrecelves " Its ' technical ; fname~Veschscholtzla.".t' . • / ." .f; As-y'tline -j! rolled" : ;onV the s "; Russians: showed J little Vor'jnoVsignsfof \u25a0\u25a0 settling '. permanently. J^The"' fishing; and; hunting; i aYstandstilU" they|haying i killed [and' moreoyer/'every.' ship i leaving, port ; carried off a i score'or more* lofI of I th'ei ripei pc opl c. ' : '^BSBSfSSe^^i i: -Pedro = ; kdstromltinlff iopenedsnegotiations^withiyallejo^com-' - andante* at | San \ Francisco^ say in g* that | thel ßussians^ intended" to; leave 'America' *,tois good £and': asked ia 5 price I f or .: their j lands ; -; and ' : improvements. \u2666 .The ; \u25a0 small- \u25a0 fness tof : Is * here shown." He |wrot*ito 7 Jnan iß.f Alvarado,'} nlnth^ gov-^; ernorlof JClilifpraiaJtrsaylng^Uhat'-he !(Va»ejo)s''had't6ldiKostromitlriiff:that ; sinee V the S hdtfSw :*at i FortTßoss " were \u25a0 tdHtr'ofiMexlcan {timber 'arid^stood^on' to , Bedwbod and then ) the J home ' Jour-. ney >ia but; a*; matter of hours. . - Ar New iWSnder Road • ; ButTeven ' this • road into /wonderland \u25a0will soon be surpassed by another * r •which v A may,*~ be : famous .as regards motoring and its • joys. '. The Yosemlta "valley -will - show" its marvels and ,v glorious *- visions : to . any. one who caa -!~oteer- a rstraight .enough to " reach ' the ' spot. - 'A- motorist can leave » the city, reaching Stockton the sama '\u25a0•:,. day,, and 'starting early, the next morn ; Ing," be: in* the Ivalley before'nlghtfall. TVHh !a < good "- automobile it is possible to' cover « the In a: day. and this. •allowing*!** second ; day" for strips to la . spiration point and other noted places. ' permits 4 " onej^ to " make * thej, entire r trip and return * to : the city ; in 'a. \u25a0 little less \ than a week. 'Another t wonderland ; that ( \the motor carls opening 'the door into • Is the region of ; Clear" lake. \u2666' ' This part of \the" state i; as? well" as^that in the immediate .vicinltyi'of- the; Blue lakes • has some of the finest roads imaginable. andN the' motorist -is' always .sure 'of a , •warm » welcome < from the V as >they iare exceedingly hospitable and . ' do* everything lnUheir power to render traveling*, through -their country a •\u0084 pleasure."- T ; lf 'i one wishes , for \u25a0 a more "'K rugged itrip- than^that: furnished by the lake \u25a0' country ; \ he -has but to continue \u0084" farther •\u25a0 north \ lnto ; Mendocino county. \where ?the 'character of •: traveling. Is V rough'- and ; wild 'to the .highest degree. *" Th\ Mendocino- ; trip xneana more than^ "^ a3 mere" motor ? run • for. pleasure, for '•there are places -where the road has to \u25a0\u25a0/ be extended -."by means o* rock blasting.' v , and often 'timber, must be cleared away -, before "the tear \u25a0 can proceed. " ;iOne fof ithe * easiest I and . most enjoy .is "-that- to-Dei; Monte, which Ms.: readily imade-in a,day.. The^road >. stretches; through v level-, country ;until jthe' ; arrival *iit' San* JuanJ" hill, when it k is a.sharp climb to the.top. '.From her* ' _ opeof fthe finest .views; of the San.Joa quin valley. is to be'had.; At. Del. Monte \u0084: I tself" is . the ; famous -'I? "mile "drive, a • '"• boon to motorists ' and' famous the world \u25a0': over/." made *soi by tourists ;,who 'have :_ visited" the celebrated hotel.' ;\u25a0 . v - \ : For short .trips' of a'day one hasonly' -.to cross the^bay.and maka.Nlles canyon v or the i hills • back of Berkeley. _ Lak« . Chabot is a delightful - terminus, and -. .there are * many other places equally desirable. On this side one can maks .the run to Woodside, which is not a * .misnomer, or. farther south to Los Gatos and through. Saratoga to ths foothills.' However, one .does not even need to : -leave the city to • get a • run that will \u25a0amply repay 'him: In scenic pictures of ' .unusual beauty.* -A , short tour to th« ; crest of Twin peaks will v astonish and \u25a0 'interest by the- panoramic city Just be -neath .one's -feet. ' Hundreds of thes« short '"but: enviable trips are oow pos sible to the automobills^ in th« qumzner days now»-' rapidly approaching, and ths . ; remembi%ica of scenes : visited. long; drives in >thef cool of evening, or wild ; bursts of speed' through the open coun try will" -.prove "valuable assets ia the ' short days^ of \ winter .when the hum off ' the * motor " Is ) no ) longer hs ara In th« land 'and- tha.car.sunda silent in the .garage. .._ 'Mexican soil they belonged to Mexico." The Impractical Russian said he wourd • confer with' the governor himself at Monterey.' These negotiations came to nothing. • ; But a few years later J. A. Sutter of "Sutter fort fame" purchased ' the Russian . property - for $3,0.000. He "was abte to pay; one-half only and the Mexican government took over . the re maining debt 'and paid it for services Sutter had'rendered the republic. " \u25a0 - The - Russians * accordingly left on January^!, 1542. I having been here Just .30. years. One"©* their last official act* ; about' 1835 was to build a large ware house in San Francisco, for which Pedro ; Kostromitlniff received the license. . Nothing! remains: of 'thtr sojourn but a few buildWgs at Fort Ross and'a few names about i the i surrounding country. Fort Ross was built by M. de Koskoff. nicknamed "timber. toe.** on account of his -wooden leg. . The timbers were cut on, the mountains in back." The "stock ade.~; parts Jof, which are still jntact; Incloses a: rectangular piece of ground.' at each angle of .which Is a hexagonal "block house* about 12. feet high, built of eight j inch \ rough hewn logs. The crevices between ; the logs are filled ;with * adobe, the logs themselves are Joined at the angles by -Ja sort of I dovetailing. I "-In • some . places are large bracings ; held .by..' flat . headed tapering : nails ; fully,, seven ; inches long.' : " The barracks and omcers' quarters still ; stand. .A * part ~of ' the barracks Uncle : Sam "uses for., a; postofßce. The ; church !with\its little watch tower and cross above was squatted on, the ground ;by;the recent earthquake. These build- Ings} were"; lately^ turned over.'to state "control "arid;;they are fast .becoming . ruins .'our /usual destructive {economy."-. * ~ river .was, called iSan " Sebas tian by the "early Callfornlans .and ;by the Russians was known by. the tongue l \u25a0twisting 'I name ": SlawianskL * Bodega, ; their,; fishing headquarters, they 'called ' Romanzoff. v^SSKSBQBttQHM vThe X forests jin -back ', ot Fort : Ross have ;an"entlrely new growth. The -ridge, roadlthroughnhem": from Russian ; gulch' is] far, superior, to; the coaaf road, whole'J stretches ., of lostt;them iselves ?the • ocean "during ' the '< earth • quake. ; $SMtttßßSP&&&S&£ssfi£ So when "-you . In; your j next; summer : outing^are*-. looking for a place to se lect for 'a' day's * Journey i, betake your- v self .to .the « mouth of the - SlawlanskJ '. and cross \ the Russian gulch up to the (ridgeTrpad* and * from ' : the - stumps *. thatrguide-your^.way ; a ;bit '\u25a0 ot the hla* ~ tory.* of '• your • destinatlon^f-Fo'rt * Ross." :'