The San Francisco call. [volume], July 21, 1909, Page 6, Image 6

About The San Francisco call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1895-1913

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WEDNESDAY
The San Francisco Call
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compliance with their request.
r I HE collapse of the Union state and State savings and opm-
I mercial banks luckily carries with it no such 'tremendous
' : ; ' , \u25a0\u25a0\u25a0' financial loss to the 'community as attended the crash of the
California safe deposit and trust^company.
PQSsibly that may be because these two little
imitation banks did not have the funds to
juggle with ; but their history and timely end
have a deeper significance than even the ruin
— - — { - wrought by J. Dalzell Brown and his partners
in the larger institution. They illustrate one- of the most vicious
features of the California state banking laws.
The modern bank, like everything else in civilizatipn, has
grown to big proportions compared with what it legitimately could
be and frequently was fifty years ago. Enough capital to conduct
a banking business 1 then would hardly pay a year's rent of most of
the real banks today, and yet under our loose laws any one who-can
raise a hundred thousand dollars may open a bank and take a chance
with all the dizzy financial speculations that infest the business
world — nine times out of ten only to go down in disaster.
That is what has happened in this present case. One- family
may lose $125,000, and while that represents tne actual loss in dol
lars the news goes out to the world that San Francisco has suffered
another "great financial crash" and our credit and reputation are
injured. " - ' '*. : j~- -\i
Here is one of the important subjects that should come before
the next legislature of this state; and in the meantime it would not be
amiss if the commercial bankers took up the matter andioutlined
a system that would make banking a 'safer thing for the people than
it is toda}-. Probably many improvements can be made in our
banking laws, but first of all it should be required that no man nor
coterie of men can open a bank with less capital i'thati on the face of
things is necessary to pay rent and the salary) of a book keeper.
The petty financial mess that* is now being, investigated by
Superintendent Anderson should not be dignified by the name of a
banking failure, and it devolves upon those who are sending out the
news of it to other parts of the country to see that the good nanie
of* San Francisco does 'not suffer by careless description or any mis
understanding of the facts.
Not a
Banking
Failure
FRAXK A. HOSMER, now a member of. the Massachusetts
legislature, tells in* the New York World an interesting story of
the plan almost consummated of Japan to seize the Hawaiian
islands during the revolution in the island
kingdom in 1893, that ended in the annexation
of the archipelago by the United States. This
plan was only frustrated by the timely and
determined action of our minister, John Li!
Stevens,' who at the crisis of the revolution
.raised the American flag, although the city of Honolulu lay at the
moment under the guns of two Japanese cruisers under command
of Togo, the subsequent victor in the great naval battle that de-;
stroyed the Russian fleet in the straits- of Tsushima. Mr. Hosmer
describes the situation:
The government passed into the hands of the-" missionary element"
on the evening of January 18, 1893. The moment had arrived for which
the mikado hadpatiently waited and prepared for years, and he was not
flow to act. The revolutionists awoke upon a morning- in February to
discover two Japanese battleships at the entrance to the harbor. Beneath
the decks of the Naniwa, the flagship^ were 20,000 modern rifles and
mobilized in -Honolulu were approximately that number of former soldiers
of the Japanese army who had deserted their, farm implements and prun- .
ing knives with the expectation of securing, tools of another variety.
This W3s-lhe crisis of the revolution' and it called for daring
action. Although Minister Stevens had but a slender force behind
— him slender in a material way— >he ordered out a company of
marines and hoisted the American flag. over the government build
ing. Some people, would characterize it as a grand bluff, and in
fact Togo had the situation in hand so faras the islands were con
cerned, had he chosen to resort to force. But he knew that the
whole force of^the United States ,would be employed to back- up
the act of Stevens. After some deliberation and a sullen exchange
of grudging courtesies the Japanese cruisers drew off. Whether
Stevens was acting under instructions from Washington is not
known, but the result of his coup was a triumph of moral force.
How Stevens
Annexed
Hawaii
THE board of supervisors with virtually unanimous consent is
proceeding step by step and without delay to y put matters in
train for the fulfillment of the Hetch Hetchy .project: '^The
condemnation proceedings to acquire the
needed land for reservoir, purposes are well
under way and the money to" buy the prop
erty is in hand and set aside for that purpose^
awaiting the court's decree. That is in accord
with t'Ke unanimous sentiment of the people;6f
San Francisco, and -meets a cordial popular approval.'
The project for a municipal water supply , can - not be regarded*
any longer as a political issue. It is -practically a closed question
and it is certain that all - candidates for office ; in the Jail will recog
nize the situation. Any doubt concerning the loyalty of aspirants for
office on this question would be fatal to their chances .of election.
At the same time the electorate of . the city. yvvill^expect .and should
receive a definite declaration; of policy in this- regardtfrom all candi
dates for important "office in the- municipality. They 1 should (be
heard' from and without delay.. Mr.J Ma'uzy, Mr. Crockery Mr.
Countryman, Dr. Leland;: Mr. McLeran and ths, others,- pjerhaps too
numerous to^mention, are invited to submit at price a definite pledge
declaring their position; and their, future course fin ; regard -4o this
matter^ Let them srb on record and without ;hesitatipn;r
The people; do not want td«.vote;in ; . the dark/at the*'priniary« ' •
Let the
Candidates Go
On Record
EDITORIAL PAGE OF THE CALL
Calhoun Organs Only
Discredit Themselves
IT was quite natural and- in the line, of expectation that the
should fall into step with the Post, alias. Globe, and the
Oakland Tribune in misrepresenting the tenor of the passage in
congress on Monday concerning Mr. Heney's payment, for services
to the department of justice. The Chronicle introduces the report
with the headline, "$23,000 is "paid -to Heney for no services." That
of course, is a plain unvarnished falsehood, as the Chronicle very
well knew, 'and the opening statement goes on to say
That Francis J. Heney, special" counsel .of the department of justice, •
and also assistant prosecutor in the so called graft cases in San Fran- ,
. cisco, received from the government last year $23,000 for Avhich he per
formed no service was the frank admission of Chairman Taw'ney of the
appropriations committee in the house today. .
Mr. Tawney made no such statement, as the subsequent report
pf the colloquy on the floor-of the house conclusively demonstrates.
In fact, the Chronicle is convicted out of its own mouth by the re
port of the conversation printed, in 'its .own columns as follows:
"How much did Heney receive during the year \1908?" demanded '
Murphy-, democrat, of Missouri, "and what service did he perfo/m?"
v "He received $23,000 and performed no service for, the government :
whatever during that year;" said Tawney. \u25a0 • .--
That is a very different statement from the charge that Heney
performed "no service" for the money he received from the govern
ment. The service that he did the government in connection with
the land fraud prosecutions is quite well known to the Chronicle
and to the whole public. The fact that some of the payments for
this service -were deferred is now sought to be twisted by the
Chronicle, the Globe-Post and the Oakland Tribune into a charge
that he was paid for services he did not perform. -
The whole thing is merely one phase of -a disreputable at
tempt by Calhoun's organs to discredit the graft prosecutions through
Mr. Heney. In pursuance, of that policy they do not stop at false
hood, no matter how obvious and how easily exposed. But in
their cage/ness to damage the prosecution they merely succeed in
discrediting themselves. The episode shows how slight is the
value they set on their own credit 'and surely none should know
better than themselves the p.ublic estimation in which that credit is
held. . ' — - v . " v
IT is understood that Mr. Taft in the course of his forthcoming
visit to the Pacific coast will make certain important and perti
nent declarations of policy concerning the great national ques
\u25a0 tions that agitate "and sometimes perplex the
American people. The journey will, in fact,
do much in the way of platform making for
the future, guidance of parties. No question of
public policy -perplexes- statesmen more at the
. present moment than the regulation of trusts
and monopolies. It appears to be conceded that the Sherman law
against trusts is in need of amendment, although 'indeed the sug
gestions in this regard have been somewhat nebulous as well as
fraught with possible indirect consequences of uncertain signing
canee t and force. . \u25a0-'_.\u25a0•: \ ; - ; >
A Washington correspondent, who" may be supposed to be "in
spired" in the customary sense, thus describes •Mr.Taft's; position:
Sir. Taft does, not believe that the anti-trust law is sufficiently full
of useful details in the description of the offenses which' were .denounced
in that act. He does not lose sight of the fact that all xorporations- doing
'a commercial business are engaged in interstate commerce, and if they \u25a0<
all were required to take out a federal license or a federal charter the
burden upon; the interstate business of the country would become intol
erable. * .. y.\ \
During the campaign he stated he believed it to be necessary, there
fore, to devise some means for classifying and insuring the federal super
vision^ of such corporations as have. the power and. temptation to effect
, restraints of interstate trade and monopoly. Such corporations constitute
a small percentage of those engaged in interstate business., /
In the president's judgment the unlawful trusts should be restrained
with all the efficiency of injunctive protests, and the persons engaged
in maintaining them should be punished with all the severity o.f criminal
prosecution in order that the methods pursued in the operation. of their
N business shall be brbught-within the law.
It is. fully realized in Washington" that a holding company js the
means usually adopted for the'purpose of placing monopolization beyond
the reach of .the federal arm. The president, Attorney' General Wick
crsham'and the other lawyers of his cabinet have been considering with
the greatest care the remedy to'frame to put an end, to the evils that this
form of organization produces. :" - :
: "Classification" is the polite official name for dividing the sheep
from the goats, the good trusts from the bad trusts.- It is a nice
word, but it scarcely obscures the difficulty of the process. Who
shall make the classification and by what process? Discretion
must be vested somewhere, as well as large powers of inquiry. The
program appears to be based on the examination of details applying
to each several case, rather than the"" formulation^ of some general
rule that can be applied by judicial process to^ all : forms;^ commer
cial organization! The difficulties that lie in^ the way' of this plan
obvious enough to make people await with interest 'Mr. Taf t -V
suggestions for meeting them. .^ ; ' . V -' .'- • - -';\u25a0 : -rJ\
Mr.Taft
On the
Pacific Coast
yV BOUT 9,000,000 tons of freight are handled annually in San
/^Francisco. -Of this total some 1,500,000 tons 'tome here on
the ' river boats, and figures show* how important! is . the
interest of this city: in. th£ conservation- of the
internal waterways. In "a word, about ;orie
, sixth of the commerce of Sari Francisco comes
usiby .water carriage from the interior.
: Nevertheless -the internal ; water com
merce of the nation does not grow 'in any
thing; like its. due proportion, and this failure : is : the subject
of investigation and report by .Commissioner Herbert Knox ; Smith
for the federal department of commerce. He shows how and why
the railroads get more and more of ; the business;-, and^chiefly this
phenomenon js explained by the pregnant word "standardization."
Railroad equipment is standardized and due to "that i process there
is "no. occasion 'to break, bulk and incur '..the ''..expense' ioi handfing 'at
tfahsfer points. A synopsis of Mr. Smith's report -thus descHbes
the conditions:- . " ' . *. '* A ' .... ' . ''
San Francisco's
Interest in
Waterways
- Itrxonnection with the enormous: losses in traffic which the water- r,
ways have suffered- since -the^great; growth of the;: railroad systems, vMrl^ - :
Smith says 4,500 miles^ of canals have-rbeen- constructed' throughout '; the *
country. At' the present time, however,"; over 'one-half/ of h this '\u25a0\u25a0 mileage,
.. constructed at ; a cost of more than ' $80,000,000, ', has been abandoned : and ;. ;
the canal traffic (excepting -that; of; some^short ship canals) 1 -has "steadily '
decreased. ' x \u25a0 .'"\u25a0•' j- :' '"";.". \ ,/' ' -". {' 7 ~ '. -\,~- ' ' '..
need in the regaining of the carrying power of the water
ways, says ) the \ report, is the constructioniof HeKer ;; terminal facilities:
' The ; unsatisfactory/condition* of these terminals now is one^of '\u25a0'\u25a0. '
the;gre^test.handicaps)to-the; watertproject. > . .
; In J referring; to. the lack. of, uiiity in the water systems- the report J
saj'S -that \ while t the,^ United. '^^tates has- 5,800 miles^^ : of rivers of. six fe^t;
depth and^dyef, and more than 2,000 miles of canals, these'totals afebroken
up • intoTa - large • number' of lunrelated? parts > by reason \u25a0 of ' diff ereritVdepths ; *
• and vdifferenti conditions, \u25a0 and that the" diverse "nature of • the floating'
-^equipment" • increases \u25a0 this r lack .. of organization; ; ; Many vessels are - btiilt
f of; special traffic :ior; locale cbnditions?and r ; are.; thus bften'not ; A'inter-x
changeable"-over different; even -though connected 'routes.'" ' 1 v;
Water: transportatioh ' over s^in land \ routes: practically involves
breakirig>bulk or^ioss of: capacity" for/every^ variation in the depith
of^ channels. It; is for this reason^ that San I Francisco;should
active; interest in the lnqveinent jto secure -a- "uriifofrn\ depth •r'iri^the
channel city with the important producing centers
GREECE DEFIES
TURKS IN CRETE
Kingdom^ Preparing for War
I {To Prevent Invasion of.
the • Island by the
Moslem Hordes <
For The Call
REV. STEPHANOS MACARONIS
Archimandrite^ of the' Orthodox Greek
Church and 'Chevalier of the
Order- of the Savior :
GREECE _' will never yield one step
to Turkey in the island of Crete,
which is" now free of the domina
tion 'of the "Moslem hordes and which
will become a part of the' kingdom of
Greece, in March, 1910, unless the
great -i •\u25a0 powers \u25a0 intervene in favor
of the Ottoman empire. Turkey
will ' find"' the N Greeks from all
parts of ,the world united in defense of
their native land. If the Young Turks,
who are now in power, for political
prestige or any other reason attempt
to coerce "the Cretans when the crisis
comes there is not the slightest doubt
in my mind that a bloody war will en
sue. .'Greece I is'- prepared " to defend to
the bitter end the right 3of her citizens
even to the extent of sending forth her
armies and navy 'to battle with the al
most countless soldiers of the Mussul
mans. '.. y *
At the present time it is.very difficult
to foretell what will be the outcome of
the strained relations existing between*
Greece and^. Turkey over the Cretan
question. That - these . relations are
strained almost to the breaking point
no one will deny, but whether an open"
rupture or a peaceable settlement will
result is entirely problematical. The
overbearing attitude of the Young
Turks would indicate the former. How
ever, the crisis will be reached in March
of 1910, if not before, because at that
time, the powers being willing, the
Cretans will, elect their delegates to
the Greek parliament. Turkey has al
ready threatened to land soldiers on the
island to prevent the elections, but
whether she will attempt to enforce
this threat by a virtual declaration of
war remains, to be seen.
'.Micheli da KIS at the present tlmo
is premier of Crete, as the recognized
representative of King George of
Greece. He co-operates with the- rep
resentativest of England, Russia, France
and Italy, who act as his advisers and
are pledged to uphold his authority. He
iv recognised as the rightful ruler of
the Cretans, who threw oft the yoke
of Turkey at the same time a| Bulgaria
declared 1 her Independence. This declar
ation of Independence has received the
tacit consent- of the powers, and* the
people of Crete are now preparing to
unite with Greece in March of 1910.
.-Boastful" since their overthrow of
the -sultan, the Young Turks have bla
tantly announced from time to time that
they f intended tV prevent" this union,
and rumors of a sudden descent of Mos
lem forces on the kingdom of Greece
have been rife In Europe for some time.
These rumors have been based on the
fact that the Young. Turks occupy an
insecure position in the empire and be
lieve that this position would be greatly
strengthened and ail elements of the
empire united* in thei - rsupport if a
sacred wan against a Christian nation
.were declared. Up 'to the present time,
however,, no overt act has been com
mitted.
Greece in the ; meantime has pre
pared to repel any? invasion, and in case
of conflict- will" force the admiration of
the world. .
Regarding" my own position' and
whether I am now traveling over the
world for the especial purpose of rais
ing funds 'because" of 'this particulgj
crisis, I will say_that the priests of the
Greek cliurch at all times in addition
to their • sacerdotal , duties teach their
countrymen' to love their native land
and Inculcate the patriotism for which
our kingdom is well known.
I have been raising funds, for/the
Greek navy and other defensive -forces
of the kingdom, for "the, last nine years.
I have visited Bulgaria, have traveled
through many cities of south and east
Africa, Madagascar, Portuguese' pos
sessions, v and other places, too rnumer
ous ;to mention. I finally, came to San
Francisco at the direction of the holy
synod a year and a half ago and dur
ing: that timo haJie carried on the' same
work.. : . ' ' ;"
~ As is known s to'.the world, the Greek,
no matter to what country he migrates,
neyVr forgrets"; his allegiance to his na
tive land and • the patriotism which he
stands ready to prove " should she be
attacked.; He is Intensely interested In
her affairs and will always giveoflhis
earnings or wealth for her advance
ment in science or her r defcnse,ln war.
I have already collected a large amount
of m6n«"yV for,, the" navy and defense
fund and have forwarded it to the
minister/ of foreign* affairs. The gener
osity and patriotism ..with which It has
been my pleasure, to come, in contact
l'can not, illustrato . better than by> the"
scene' in; Lyric hall a few nights ago
when 'more than \u25a0 5-00 displayed their
loyalty. _ v ;
Since, the present crisis arose I have
poinied out their duty should war come,
and in : return they have not only made
generous contributions :and pledgfes'of
money, and 'moral support,' but hundreds
of the finest sonk of % Gseece stand rSady
to leave their families and positions
to return to their native land aha Jtake
up arms to -repel the .incursions of the
Turks.
Greece is preparing for war and - is
ready for; war if /Turkey' forces- the'is-"
sue, which is' plainly drawn. Ever vig
ilant of -the treachery- of the Turk,;she
has :•\u25a0 and is .;.. strengthening ' her ' land
naval ; forces and at ; the^ flrst_call of his
majesty KingGeorgeher-sons. will go
tarth'e front without' fear to -battle for
her .' ' '\u25a0.- '
: Greece will' not allow.Turkey again' tV
fasten herodious and idolatrous yoke on
Crete. :' If means war, it .mustcome
and, itfmay co'nie /soon* ' '•\u25a0','; ;"*"-v, : \u25a0 ';r; r
WOMAN QUESTION DUE
TO MAN'S INGENUITY
Mrs Ellen H. Richards- Discusses; the : Economic Value of
/ Efficiency in Interest of Real Home Life
MARY ASHE MILLER
-common sense with
(/ , an ethical basis should be the
'y* title given Mrs. Ellen H. Rich
ards' lectures at the summer session
of the state university, whereas., in
reality they are called "The Relation of
Costs to Efficiency" and "Euthenics—
Better Living the Effect of Environ
ment." It sounds appalling, doesn't It?
'it is trying to a simple newspape*c
'woman- to' he sent out' to find an in
tellectual woman— a professor of nearly^
40 years' experience— to talk to her on
such subjects as the above; they seem
to mean so much more than an^or- :
dlnary mind can comprehend.
After I had wandered through
Berkeley's gwlden but glowing sun
shine for about an hour In search of
Mrs. Richards I felt more peevish and
depressed than ever. I fancied myself
struggling through the afternoon with
a" severely wise person who dealt jflth
the heights of the everlasting "woman
question" in terms best described by
the line from the "Bab Ballads" — 9
"Which Is pretty-=tout I don't know
what It means." •
.Picture my joy -when I finally found
Mrs! Richards in California hall, de
tached her from a throng of summer
students, and discovered that I had a
charming little woman with close
lying cream' white hair, , the biggest,
wisest, merriest blue . eyes, and
real? actual sense than any woman I
have ever had the pleasure of meeting.
It is an intellect made perfectly intelli
gible — gr^ay matter ' adapted to the
common or garden needs of the world
sane, wise perceptions that' can Inter
est even a lay mind— a wonderfully
trained brain that has not gone above
the clouds.. When I saw, too. that she
has unmistakably a sense of humor, in
;no wise atrophied, it seemed almost
too good to be true.
As .for the "woman question," she
disposed of that early In our conver
sation by giving the real reason for
its existence.
She "says it's all the men's fault, too.
It's because men are too clever and
invented too many things.
"In former days," said Mrs. Rich-;
ards, "the home was the manufactory
and the woman was busy there. She
spun and wove, made her " own soap
and candles, had meal and flour ground
under her direction, had the meat
-killed and disposed of there,' and all
the other details of an old time house
hold that gave some scope , to her e_n,
crgies and Ingenuity. She kept her
mind occupied with plans and improve
ments fof providing the necessities of
life. \u25a0 , \u25a0\u25a0'\u25a0'\u25a0\u25a0\u25a0
"Then factories for this and that
were established and one by one men's
inventions have taken all of women's
occupations away, save merely the
cleaning. of the house and the cooking.
"That*- Is not. enough to keep a
woman's mind. busy, either to do it or
direct it, and in consequence she has
become bored with these more or less
mechanical details and has gone out
into the world to find something to
think about."
Then she went pn to say that men do
not realize that they have taken this
out of our lives, and educated women
are blamed because they don't want tc^
stay at home and do the little routine
duties that are left. •
The explanation of- the unrest among
womankind was so simple,' yet so satisfy
ing, and it makes some of the problems of
the present^ day so much more endur
able when one remembers that Jhey are
simply the outcome. of the thwarted de
sires fit women to be feminine editions
of' the Swiss family Robinson, with
their marvclo"u3 adaptations of every
thing under the sun on' their wonderful
island to the commonest needs of life.
She then said: "There Is not enough
in the house keeping now to. keep us
satisfied, because we don't think what
Is back of It. We don't realize what it
stands for.' We fail to get the ethics of
it. If we go out and do housework In
a hurry and a fret we Break down un
der it. AYe have not learned yet to do
it under the new conditions. Getting a
meal is a bore because we undervalue
the true significance of the work since
It is made, simpler."
Leaving homes to live. In boarding
houses and hotels, which Is so decidedly
the tendency* of .the present day-r and
particularly among young women, ls\
due to"* a loss of ; ethical responsibility,
ehe says. There is a failure to preserve
the old ideals, and in consequence the
;home is in danger of being squeezed out
;of existence. * , -
*Te counteract this Mrs.; Richards is \u25a0
giving her = lectures oh that she
terms homo economics, or that science
which will enable us to keep "a home'
And by ahome. let it he known, Mrs.
Richards does not mean one pf those
places dreamed of by the advanced fad
dists, .where everything. will be so sani
tary and scientific and eterilized and
perfectly (?) planned'Xhat there will be
no errors and no humanity. She means
a re%\ home,', where, to use her own ex
pression. "th«v family will gather around
the lamp, just as they used to in the old
days." The home, she believes, must be
the central: place. ; because 'there are
instincts which can be ' satisfied In no
_otherwa> f :
"Most-young women of the present
day," s she said, "are interested in so-*
ciology, and that is simply an instance
of (instinctive motherhood.' It comes
out to all instead of being merely a
personal matter."
"As a nation," .Mrs.^Richards said
"we worship, efficiency. It is the cry
of all employers that they can not '
find sufficiently" efficient people to do
their work. So it has come that we
must have skill in some one-thing and
d ?y° te , OUI V "me largely to that' to do
it. well enough td satisfy people. >
''Lookat that tie you have, on." she'
said.Jpointing to my pleated trifle of
linen and lace. "You couldn't ; make a
tie like that; it wouldn't hang right -
I've -'tried, to, make those , ties myself
and I can buy. a, muchl better looking
x TO QUEPiES
> BIRDS— R.. E.. Oakland. Cat -Are there any
books published ; that are deToted \u25a0 exclusively to
the birds of the -United StatM?" -i - — , .
r 'Th\ere;is a bobk^called "The Birds of
North "America," which includes descrip
tions i and colored } plates % of " all known
birds in the territory; named. Such'may
be seen at the libraries. V : " "
> NOT v. E^?. MM H T ~^'': F -'; : 5-' ;Atameda - \u25a0\u25a0GfeSn.
honorably , discharged " soldiers ,of - the Snanlsh-
Ainerlcan war exempt ."from the payment of
poll .tax; in^ California? payment or
They are not.funless over 60 years of
age. ' ' - \u25a0 \u25a0->\u25a0 »-..--\u25a0\u25a0 . :
\u25a0\u25a0- . \u25a0.-.. -; :.\u25a0-\u25a0•:: - •\u25a0'\u25a0>:. '• f:
tCOIN nARVEY— C. A. C. Fresno. Cal wi,.»
has 2 become; of •< the? political agitator -known tin
Uls- day* as "Coin. Harvey"*! , in
Tlils department" has no information'
21, IQO9*
one than I can make. You don't hava
time to learn how to make them prop
erly. -
1 "And so it is in most things. TVs
can not learn to do a thousand thlng3
a,s well as we and other people want
thera-done. We can not be so univer
sally efficient."
I asked Mrs. Richards about the re
marks she was quoted as having made
last week in regard to a uniform dresa
for' women..
"Oh. that," she said, with a* little
twinkle in her eye. "I didn't mean that
in 'exactly the way it 'was reported.
Everything takes such a lot of tlms
today and so much money, so we ara
•{gradually standardizing: thlng3 In order
to save ) ourselves time and la the
end save expense.
"For Instance. In the matter of shoes.
"We used to have to have them mads
especially, If they were to n't, us, but in
the course of time the manufacturers
learned that they must make them of
different sizes and widths and adapted
to different feet. I have had shoes
made which cost me, $12, and I can
get them about as good now for $3.50.
"We can buy our sheets ready raade»
now, and are not ashamed to do It,
either — they have learned to maka
srood standard sheets.
"Clothes a^e better made. I bought
readymade shirtwaists this year that
fit me,- but It Is the first time I hava
ever been abla to do so. Think what a.
'saving of time, too, not to have your
shirtwaists made and fitted — just to go
in and get them.
"Things made by the millions cost
less— and that is the savins of money.
For what one paid formerly simply
to have a dress made, you can get on>i
all ready made up now.
/'The trouble comes that the manu
facturers want us to w^ar our dresses
three months or perhaps six. and then
they change the fashions. Things are
made too easy for us and the manu
facturer gets the best of us In that
way. When the fashion changes we
cannot get any more cloth to change
a sleeve or fix a skirt, \ and we must
simply throw it away because it i-i
out of date. We thus lose all that ws
saved in the first instance.
"That was what I meant the other
day when I spoke of the standardizing
of women's clothes. *
"It is principally in regard to 3tr«et
clothes for us women who are in
business that I spoke of. You can
have as many pretty party dresses as
you like and as different, too. But
without realizing: it women are com
ing to my Ideas — there is more nearly
a standard of coat and skirt established
than ever before."
Mrs. Richards says she Is to lecture
next week on the cost of food In rela
tion to efficiency, and she thinks a
good many people are going to dis
agraa with her.
"People, think that the more deli
clous food you eat, the better your
brain, but I do not agree with them,'
she continued.
"You should have the right kind of
food, but not judged by a money
standard. Do. not have crude, coarso
food, but do not let it be too compli
cated. Most of the failures in life are
due' to malnutrition, a great number
of them. I do not mean lnsufSclenS
food, but the wrong combinations."
Mrs. Richards, after telling .jpa all
of this and much more, said that is
was not her real life work at all. it
is simply a mental relaxation taken
up in her spare momenta to exercise
the other side of her mind.
I gasped a little, I think, when sho
told me that her real work Is sanitary
chemistry In the Massachusetts insti
tute of technology, where, she has
taught most of the important sanitary
engineers of the country. \u25a0
She is so little and feminine, too. that
It simply fills you with joy to hear It — •
it seems such a vindication of condi
tions as they are. She is a member of
the first class that ever went through
JVassar, and will go back next year to
'celebrate the fortieth anniversary of
her graduation. ,
After she finished there she was t»
have gone to Argentina to teach, but
yellow, fever broke out there.
She had made astronomy rather a
specialty, and ..-Maria Mitchell, with
whom she was a great favorite, tried to
Induce Dr. A. B. Gould to take thft
young student out, with him when he
went to establish the great observatory
at Cordova, !In Argentina. ,
Mrs. Richards says the world, how
ever, was not quite ready for a woman
to do that, so she was refused.
-She" then determined . to study chem
istry, but had great difficulty flndinjf
any place where they, would 'teach
women. One large manufacturing firm
in Philadelphia wrote that It had never
heard of a woman studying chemistry,
but saw no reason why It should not be
done^Bj
Finally she was admitted to the Mas
sachusetts Institute, and after two
years' study there was employed by th«
recently organized Massachusetts state
board of health when it . began its
investigations of the water question.
She made the first sanitary water an
alysis ever made in this country, and
since then has devoted herself to teach
ing sanitary chemistry, dealing princi
pally with water and air.
\Her husband. Robert R. Richards, oc
cupies the chalr-of mining engineerincr
In the* Insjtltute, and last year cele
brated his 40 years of work in that ca
pacity. 'He was a member of the first
class ever graduated Irom the Insti
tute and hru? been there ever since.
Mrs. Richards is one -of the women
whose departure we will regret, antl
it Is hoped, that she will fulfill the
ardent desire expressed by one young
student ' Who said, in the course of an
explanation. "Oh, Mrs. , Richards, you
are certainly coming back next y«ar to
tell me. the rest."
as to what became of him. . Possibly
some /reader of .the,^ department may
know. If so, please send information
to t the query department on a postal
card. "\u25a0* j« \u0084-
• • '• . t . '
WEIGHT-T. A. A. J.. City. What is the *?\u25a0
weight of a gallon of wine, of fresh water. and
w^aalt water 2
The«welarht of a gallon of wine de
pends the character of the wine. A
gallon of rain water weighs 82 pounds.
A, cubit foot of fresh water weighs 63
pounds and ordinary sea water 64
pounds. ',
• • _-•
T MAUDE ADAMS*— C. W. P.. City. 'When aad
where was M.iurte Atliins. the ••ctrwa.' bora? """
1872.'