The San Francisco call. [volume], August 22, 1909, Page 6, Image 6

About The San Francisco call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1895-1913

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MEETING ROOSEVELT
IN MOMBASA
S"|L Ramon Gujteras [Tells of the 'Gathering j of ? "Big -Hu^er^e^^ets Forth
j Some Odd and Interesting Facts About the Habi^ [
Shot with the ._Camera^^malsJn_ the_ DistancciWerc , the. Size I of : Small^ Co ws
DR. RAMON GUITERAS, of the Post Grad
uate hospital, New York, who, with Dr. Louis
L. Seaman, author and scientist, recently re
turned from a hunting trip in Africa, contributes
herewith, a striking bit of natural history of the big
game made familiar to thousands of readers recently
through the activities of Colonel Roosevelt in the
jungle and on the veldt and river.
Dr. Guiteras gives his facts with the careful de
liberation of the scientific investigator, and his hunt
ing Incidents are highly interesting as well as in
structive.
During their journeys in the dark continent Dr.
Seaman made an exhaustive study of the tsetse fly,
which causes the strange and fatal sleeping sickness,
end is now busy preparing an important work on
the subject.
DR. RAMON GUITERAS
(Copyright, 1909, by the New York Herald Oomp any. All Right*
Bcwrrad).
WHEN I arrived at Nairobi and was going
to Norfolk hotel for ray baggage, the
largest and best looking safari that I ha^
ever seen passed. I was very much inter
ested to know to whom it belonged, and was told
that it was the Roosevelt safari going to Capite
plains. When I got back to the station with my bag
I met Captain Cunninghame, who was Colonel Roose
velt's white hunter and guide; Mr. McMillen, whose
guest he was to be, and Colonel Harrison,- the great'
elephant hunter and the discoverer of the pigmies \
of Africa, who were going to Mombasa; to meet him.
The next evening we had a big dinner for Colonel
Roosevelt at the Mombasa club, at which Governor.
Jackson, Selous, Colonel Harrison, Kermit Roosevelt,
the scientists of the exposition, 'the captain of the
English man of war, the German consul. Doctor Red
ford, Captain Donald, Ward Fawcas, Cole, Doctor
Seaman, myself and others were present.
Colonel Roosevelt appeared surprised at finding
me in Mombasa, and we reminisced over college days
at Harvard and athletics when we were there 30
years ago. I introduced Colonel Roosevelt to a very
mild mannered 'settler named Fawcas, as a man who
had killed 10 lions, whereupon the colonel said: —
"Well, if I kill one lion and one elephant I will
be eatisfied."
I predicted he would kill 15 lions and would see
30,000 head of game, and I am anxious to see if ray
predictions will come out true.
I feel that the estimate of the number of game is
probably less than half of what he will see, but so
far as lions are concerned, with the men and ponies
he has with him he can shoot 15 if he wants to.
Lions are considered vermin in East Africa, and there
is no limit to the number one may shoot, whereas a
hunter is limited to two of a number of other animals.
So far as elephants are concerned Uganda is a
great elephant country, and Colonel Roosevelt told
me he had .permission to shoot in the Congo, which
is the greatest of all elephant countries, so that he
will be able to get as many good tuskers as he wants.
He will also be in a good buffalo and rhinoceros
country. He has the best caravan that ever left
Nairobi, the best white hunter, the best ponies, and
he is a keen sportsman. Colonel Roosevelt seemed
to be in fine health and full of energy. He complained
of being overweight, but he will easily go down to .
training weight after hunting and trapping for a few
weeks under the sun of the equator.
I have heard that numerous papers have asserted
that it was very dangerous for him to travel in Africa
and that he might contract some serious- disease.
Colonel Roosevelt is, however, in fine condition, and
stands no more danger of being injured by animals
than by automobiles in this city or Paris. He has
the army surgeon who is best posted on tropical* dis
eases with him, and who will see that the drinking
water is boiled and that preventive medicine is given
•when deemed necessary. He "will therefore come out
of the jungle in a much better condition than he
went in, and he was looking in perfect health when I
left him in Mombasa. \u25a0
IN THE REAL JUNGLE
One is often asked, what is a jungle?^ Let one
imagine trees 15 or 30 feet high; between them bushes
6 to 15 feet high, of the densest variety; below these
fern* and thorn bushes, called "waitabit;" vines
of various sizes from one-quarter to one and a half
inches in diameter, intertwining among these and bind
ing them all together. A jungle on low land would
be on the banks of the river, and would alsb have
tall reeds or papyrus, besides the trees, bushes and
vines. Papyrus is a thick rod, 6to 10 feet high, with
a large tuft on the top. . Elephant grass is very
dense, thick grass, coarse, strong and often 10 feet
high. It is in some places almost impossible to walk
through, as it is often over one's head. ~ - •
In Africa the animals live in different regions al
though those living in the same districts drink in the
same pools and streams. The larger animals do not
interfere with one another, but the carnivorous often
iced on the herbivorous. They usually, however, do
not tr-ouble the herbivorous until they go out for
their meal at night. As a hunter is only allowed to
shoot tw6 rhinoceroses, two elephants and one
buffalo, and has no desire to kill more, the hunting is
principally for "other game— that is, the antelope and
gazelles. -
The animals most numerous in Africa in the Nai
robi section the kangaroo, hartebeest, the zebra,
the Grant and -Thompson gazelles, the empala and the
waterbuck. In shooting these animals the . hunter
not only has the sport of stalking, and shooting, but
also obtains th_>e meat for camp. 'The Grant and
Thompson gazelles and the empala are ; very good;
eating and their meat is preferred by hunters, where
as the porters are most , fond of zebra , meat. •'
On going out in the morning and seeing hundreds
of head of game one would imagini Jhat.it would be";
easy to shoot an antelop«' in- a few minutes, but such
is not the case, for in the first place oneVdoes not
want to shoot does or bucks with small horiits 1 , and in
the second place it is hard. to know the range.
THE MORNING HUNT
Animals in Africa are usually, shot at .250 yards,
sometimes more, but of tener less. • When : at hunter
starts out to shoot, however, on account of the clear
ness of the air it is impossible for him ? to tell the"
range, and he often thinks that he -is shooting at an
animal at 250 'yards, -while in reality; he is* 500 or
more yards away. The animals, however,, can judge
the distance to a nicety, and when the "'\u25a0 hunter ap
proaches too near they "gradually walk away or else
ttie^. run off' for a distance. First the hartebeest,
'Massai 'Runner Who Car
ries Letters from the Carries
* o .:.tfoc Nearest Towns
then the zebra and then the small gazelles. The
hunter follows them and the same thing occurs. He
may fife and wound them, but they manage to get
away with the rest of the t herd. ' He sometimes fol
lows* a herd on the plain for hours without shooting
any. -
The • hunter , usually goes up on the ridge in the
morning to hunt : far away from camp. By 8 \u25a0
o'clock the sun is rather hot and he takes off his
khaki jacket and rolls up his sleeves. The first gun
beatTf goes "ahead with the lighty rifle, then comes,
the hunter, and the second gun bearer behind with the
heavy express rifle. Personally, I always carry my
own rifle. The gun bearer has very .keen sight. He
sees the game first and says,- "Oh, master, master!
th^ere, there!" * The hunter then looks in the direction
mentioned and ; finally^, sees the animal! \u0084-"'.
When game is seen the plan of action varies'ac
cording to the variety. In case it be a.;, dangerous :
animal the gun bearer hands •the. hunter the express
rifle, loaded with hard-nosed' cartridges. All game
is approached from the leeward side, , so that they
may not catch the wind orescent. Stalking.is a great
feature of the 'shooting, as '.elsewhere; Scrawling along
the ground, creeping stealthily from bush to .bush.. "or
from tree to tree, or from ant hill to ant t hill, until
within range.- He. must be especially careful,.; in -ap
proaching the rhinoceros' or the elephant, not to allow;
them to get the wind (scent), for although 'they 1 can
•not see well their sense of smell is very acute; ;
The buffalo not only has a keen-scent,. but also has
good eyesight, as has the' lion. All wild animals,
however, try to avoid the hunter,;arid run away when
they detect his : presence.' Therhinbceros is;the;animal
'that is the' most likely ;to, charge, and' when in
rhinoceros country the hunter must be on the lookout,
as the animal; may. rush at him from any < point if he
happen tb~catclv'his scent. He often charges \u25a0 a cara- ,
van,' rushing- through" it and -fighting the porters; who
throw down their loads and run helter skelter to one'
side or the other. - The rhinoceros ; charges" with ter-*.
rific speed, and»after passing through thef line he coh^ ;
tiriues some distance,; when he; finds th^t ; he! has Mbstt
the f scent arid he : usually ; can* not . find . the \u25a0; hunter. :* :
'Whe^a/rhinbceros, suddenly charges a- hunter ; and-,
rushes toward -him the hunter -must either jump"; to
one side or else run obliquely 'toward and away, fromf
him.; For instance,- if the, hunter! be in „ the. same,posi
tion to the rhinoceros as the man at the bat:is*tb : thei
pitcher .in: a -game of baseball;, and -imagine thej
pitcher; charging him, he in- turn must run in a' direc-V
tion corresponding ,to.;first base,' -and-; haying; reached.
first base he Tmust then continue ; around^ to? s econd.
.\u25a0 \u25a0 \u25a0 "' '• .. " -'.- ! > ~'. \u25a0'\u25a0.'"\u25a0 '" \u25a0>!\u25a0\u25a0• \u25a0'-\u25a0"* --\W''v. ; - '-'"' \u25a0'. \u25a0\u25a0--\u25a0;, >'-'\u25a0\u25a0'
The Camp.
TakJngjT.Dead Hippo from -the 'River
The hunter will- then be in ; a position behind the
noceros, who will? probably, have"; lost the scent. As
the , rhino is running in one direction, however,- and
the hunter in the .other, tlie*. latter . has; a chance -to
fire one of two shots at him behind the shoulder^ and,'
if well, directed, through : his - heart,, which r is the size
of a man's head, or' through his "-.lungs: After he has
been struck in" the 'heart lie can 'go but a; short dis
tance, "while if shot through jhe lungs* lie' will, go far-^
ther, but will usually -slow".d own from; loss of blood
and interfered respiration... / - ;, '. •. ;'
The hunter .^usually sends the. porter to run "after
him until he 'falls or stops,, and has^ another native
climb a tree, if there are any near, to .watch the direc
tion in which- he has gone. 'This 'having been deter
mined, the hunter, then follows "and^when* near 'him
approaches fromthe leeward-side /and shoots him in
the heart or brain. \u25a0 Generally, however, the rhino
does not charge, as i ' the -hunter sees; ..him feeding or
resting, creeps up in his lee until range
and fires a fatal shot. "\u25a0\u25a0\u25a0\u25a0\u25a0.'"\u25a0 ' \ , ;%'"';
HUNTING -THE LION ;') \u0084[ . ,
The lion is , the most dangerous of all African.ani
mals, although lie usually runs away, and as his senses
are more acute than those; of . a man : he will > probably,
detect him when in* the bush and disappear .without
having, been seen. On -the plain he "can be^seeu 'fun
ning away, but he. can not be overtaken unless.' the
hunter is on": horseback. -: : When wounded he*.wili- Yuri
to the tall grass or the- bush if! he can,' but if wounded
and there ,. is j no cover he will „ stand 'or; charge! ; '? A*
hunter '"\u25a0 m.ust be very- careful \u25a0 in 'approaching' a wound
ed. lion, -and ;lire .straight and ; not go too | near,- for
if ?he r does .not, gel the lion ;the lion is' very^ apt,, to'
get -him.- ;;.• / -. \u25a0 \u25a0' '\u25a0 \u25a0/ '• "\u25a0 , ,-«\u25a0 *
:; : The hunter must also be careful . not to follow" him
into the Uush, as he never knows whereUhe; animal" is
uritilperhaps' he is; too/uear, and,the;lion-jwill. have
the advantage" and -may spring on ;him. The>liori',is
twice, as heavy as a man and twice as; strong, "aiid in
atusde has^ the advantage' in close JquarteVs.^ ; In;, the
open, however^ the ; hunter: hasVthe: advantage, if *at-j
tacked, a*s" he .has: the rifle and^can *fire ; a number; of.
times ,whik; the : animal is charging; him." 1 .";• \u25a0",'"' x \u25a0 ':\u25a0 :.y-":i: .y-":i
In shooting lions nowadays -ponies r are very Jvalu-*
able.' For "a distance i under "\u25a0 200 '"yards (a lion /can;' run
faster ; than -; a - ; pony, ÜbuOf or f a'- longer" distance--' the
pony, is faster. iWhcn'a lion is driven- out* of 'the'bfush
or out of a river 'bed to'a "\u25a0\u25a0p'lain^by^ thy"portersjan'idiuns;
away,if;not killed or 'badly wounded he .wiirprobably
escape; "but a? h miter-; follows on'-- horse \u25a0.a'nd^he^will
soon- run the animal udown,. ;as , r the.; Hbn -•-.• becomes
winded .and stops \u25a0\u25a0\u25a0 after "runningVa - quarter •of a /mile."
- .- .".'\u25a0'\u25a0 '.: '" --/'Cv'.-v' \u25a0'•'•'\u25a0' ."^ •\u25a0\u25a0\u25a0-'-"":'- ' '<':.\u25a0. \u25a0•' .'-\u25a0'\u25a0 .1. 1 , v "':-.-".' ; ' ; , l »" : ..-y..-;-'-
:.The.;hunter;dismountSTwhen about 200 or 300^ yards
o_frbm> himland : - opens .fire. ; \u25a0\u25a0-•-." ';
;,' >If : the vlioti" 1 starts to '"run away the- hunter ".again
§. mounts ; ; his;' horse % and -" follows . " him : until \he stops,
again and 'opens "; fire. .If the
riionj again^fuhst and *is ; 'nbty'irijufedVthechunter again
kri'des^himtdbwrirand. fires}. 1;" If, on\ the "other hand,> the
ylionjchafges,^, the; hunter;; .continues to fire until the
\u25a0;? Jfoh 'i is? about J^2oo : yards iaw'ay, -when he mounts "his
t ; 'horse: : and*-' ruhs'. t a'way.'V'.'*TH'e': lion/' follows; but usually
" soon ; stops and \ the.huhterj dismounts? and starts firing
''again. : .\ If the X lion^is . wounded r'and V can* neither run
\u25a0 ,away; nor -charge^then. the, hunter "continues to^ shoot
and advance VslawlyVCuntil-'Jie 'has .killed- \u25a0': the animal.
:. It ". is , rarely necessary : to fire many -times from the
Grange lof|f fom 200ft6^300! yards; .bef ore ' the | lion |is
' either^kllle<i^of^so:b^yjjwbunded that he is easily
disposed of. ; .';.'. : 'i',jv "•rf"^''* -; ; -\u25a0^'". -^ :
" Most casesXpf 'mauling by lions are (due to follow
j ing \ wounded ? animals b into] the \'y tall". grass or bushes.
""; The* lionf is -usually.' found \ n rocky; country or .where
;Dr&?GuitCT^;ahd Seaman, with
;'Thcuv(jun \ Bearers .'..";.; $\
v-'.i: -.'\u25a0> ' \u25a0\u25a0--\u25a0- .-\u25a0•\u25a0\u25a0- - •
j Reconnortring from" the
fTop of an Ant Hill ;.
\u25a0 • \u25a0•, \u25a0'\u25a0....\u25a0\u25a0-\u25a0\u25a0.\u25a0\u25a0•'\u25a0\u25a0 •• \u25a0 . \u25a0 .-..-. \u25a0 :\u25a0\u25a0 •\u25a0\u25a0'>\u25a0' - . '
•there is a dry river -bed, near a zebra. pasture a'nd fiot.
'far' from '.the; water. He starts", out at night on a
hunt 'and usually kills, either a zebra or. a. buck.i After
feeding :he goes to. some stream to drink and then
w lies * down on a rock in the «un for. a while, after
..whicluhe goes into some quiet, shady place/ and sleeps
during tHft day. [ Very often a kill is seen— that is, the
v body ran animal 'killed and >partly.C eaten the" night:
'before: >;. The lion often' , goes - back toward evening
after having had a good rest and starts to feed again,
thus .affording a good -opportunity, for the hunter 'to
"bag him. ' - , * ,v\ /
V'.-^Sornetimesiliohs; are baited by putting out a live
animal tethered,/ or one' that has been kille'd, and.
shooting the lion from a blind when.hc begins to
-eatcit. ;.^ .'\u25a0:,/;".\u25a0 '\u25a0-\u25a0]\u25a0-\u25a0''\u25a0 \ ' '- ' '\u25a0• . : /.\.; ;. \u25a0\u25a0"
'•' - The« percentage "of. lions -that charge is rather, small.
One jnanrwho'lias killed 20 lions told me- that he_ had.
never- seen, a lion charge, but once/ £ The {percentage
-of^persdns that are mauled is also small. - One of,
outfitters for ] hunting^ expedition's "reported that' be
ftvveen 200 and 300 lions had been killed bj' the hunters
\u25a0that it had Cseiiti out -during the^ast season without
'having 'suffered -the slightest injury.
; . ,- There* is' considerable luck, in lion shooting. Some : .
- men v have lived in lion countries for.years and have
done;much trekking without having seena single lion,
whereas "others' have seen and killed one almost im
mediately after? their' arrival. One man saw 14 to
: gether-and' retired -without "shooting. 'Another was
talking with his i fiancee one day and when she said,
"Oh, Jack, r I wish .you would, kill a lion." '• "All right,"
1 said >Jack,\ and he sallied forth. He' went' to a nearby
, riv.erand.saw eight lions on the other side^ He raised
his ; rifle < and tfire'd; 1 one 'dropped'. and the others went
away.-"^ He "'fired again, but * the animal'did not stir.
;He finally \u25a0 concluded that^it must' be ; dead, crossed;
ijthe , ; river; with some natives,: skinned the I lion and >
_rettirned -with "the trophy." In another. case, -one of '
, '..the. (porters' told : a' friend 'of .mine that; there „ was
! lion; in .the river bed. .-They, beat the river bed. and
y seVen cariie out," five of which he shot. I know another. 7
1 niah ''who : was "'nine' "months', ; in -Africa shooting and
; always tini a!, country where „ he was-- surrounded; by *
; . game.'V The presence of lions -was constantly reported ;
.'tbjhim^and^yetihe.neverisaw^a lion,? although his one ;
-:desire.was ttofshoot<'6ne...- ,^J.'' ; V>
- / KILLING ELEPHANTS
t ; r.^The .'elephant ~\ is .the,; largest animal' inf Africa "* and "'
•traVels f usually in a i large -.herd.';* ( Such*: a . herd • is
;b'yia 7s .huriter4whotis : a recent arrival:.- in
: as* a 'dangerous' proposition,; and . yet .yvt .hear .of '
"' professional f hunters '!.wh"o'*a,Ve : hunting; the livory who .
-Tlie Sunday Call
quietly Jwalklirito^hese: herds, pick out the bttlls with
Hhe -longest -tusks'. and drop -them without troublo.
\u25a0\Vej met men who" had shot a hundred . elephant* «nd
.none 'was injured '.or' had seen any one injured- A
hunter: with ;a:record t of, a hundred said" that ono o£
his ; men in "trying to escape; from an elephant had
been caughtan'dthrpwn'intb. the air. and came down
on* topi6fvsbme':blisheslin>a;patch of jungle, into
\u25a0whichhcsank... He extricated him from the jungla
with SQnte^difficulty and said .that whereas he looked
•like a Hamburg steak he had not suffered any serious
injury- \ '.. '-'h?, yCS".-
Most hunters" aim for. the brain of the elephant,
while others take" the heart^shot; then if they do not
\u25a0strike the 'heart t'ey usually '^wound the Jungs. If
'the elephant; runs away they. send a man after him
Avha' follows him', until he .drops, and then he finishes
him^and cuts his tusks out. .In hunting the elephant
:'the ; : hunter -.'is perhaps in tall grass from six to ten
feet high arid may. not see the elephant until he is
'within a fewjyards,' and then. if his shot is not a fatal
one it may be hard to get out of his way. The duke
of the Abruizi, . who .was hunting elephants with Mr.
Knowles, the governor of Uganda* had a narrow
escape." He : wounded an . elephant, waS charged and
ranthe wrong, way;' that is, into his wind. Knowles
fired and floored the animal, while two natives pulled
the duke out of ; the .way.
..Notwithstanding. the size of the elephant a bullet
from a .450' express rifle, .at short range will often
knock him over, even though it doe? not kill him.
The ; elephant tusks are very valuable, as they some
times weigh over' 100 pounds apiece. Professional
elephant hunting has been stopped in British East
Africa, and a hunter is. only allowed two on his license.
- The- buffalo'is said by many hunters to be the most
dangerous animal in x Africa; in fact, I have heard it
stated that he is 30 per cent more dangerous than any
other- animal. Hunters have the most profound re
spect for the buffalo arid the lion. Having listened
to the stories*" of 'hunting as narrated by hunters,
guides, settlers and government officials I can only
form the opinion 1 that more people have been injured
by Jions'duringthe last 10 years than by all the other
animals together. : The buffalo is very timid, and al
though the; hunter, may, come across his fresh tracks
he "rarely , ; . sees him except early in the morning at
about' daybreakV 'The best place to hunt him is in
hilly country, and it is Iwise to be on a different hill
with;a valley between. It is as easy to kill a buffalo
if one has a broadside shot as it is to kill a bull in the
field, as^they arc. very large and of the same build. If
he is wounded, however, the hunter must look out, as
the buffalo can charge rapidly and follow the hunter
as a bull does-a bull fighter. The hunter must also bo
on his guard if the. buffalo is wounded and runs away,
for, he sometimes doubles on the hunter and unex
pectedly-charges him from behind. At any rate, I
have "never heard of any- man being killed by one,
whereas the -graveyard at Nairobi is filled by thosa
killed by lions.
\ . The . warthog resembles closely a wild boar and
often has -fine tusks. He is very quick in his move
ments, but not dangerous.
. The bucks, or antelopes, are of the goat family.
Some of them are very large. The elan is a magnifi
cent animal weighing over a thousand pounds. The
antelopes -often carry' as much lead as a rhinoceros
or ~ elephant * and it is difficult to understand why
they do not succumb more .quickly. The best tro
phies, however, after a lion skin, are the heads of the
various bucks. One can hot but wonder how it is '
that, with all the animals shot on the veldt arjd'with
all the*others wounded .that must die. so few car
casses or skeletons are seen, as it is only occasionally
that \u25a0 you come -across one. -Jfi order to see what
became of my first rhinoceros I went back in three 0
days to take a look at his remains. There was noth
ing J left "of him, but his skeleton and a piece of his
hide. # The lions had probably eaten the meat, the
hyena's and, jackals the insides. The vultures had
picked. his bones and the flies had disposed of what
ever they could find. It is probable that the hyenas
would return to eat ; the' bones and that in a week
more there-would be nothing left but a few scattered
fragments. ,'\^'-
THE JUNGLE PERILS
The insects of Africa- that- are most dreaded are
the jigger, mosquito, tick and tsetse fly. The jigger .
is a wingless degenerate flea. It bores under the
skin, . usually ' about the tpenail, and breeds, giving
rise to a globular- mass which if not- removed goes on
to suppuration and results perhaps in the loss of a
toe, and causing difficulties and painful walking per
haps for some time. The black boys understand.
removing them and pick them out whole with a pin
or needle.v They are found about old camping grounds,
in hotels and cars. -
The mosquito is the same as our own. The bite
of the •anopheles .causes "malaria as it does with U3,
but usually in a -more severe form. The most danger
ous is that known as black water fever, which occurs
in debilitated-subjects suffering from chronic malaria.
In . the part where I was shooting there .were no
mosquitoe^:but in Ugarde, where I went later, there
were many, especially on .the steamers and Lake Vic
toria .Nyfcnza.. They were also very numerous in
Mombasa and the coast and. also on^the steamers
coming up, from Mombasa. These steamer mosqui
toes were of the' malarial type and a number of pas
sengers contracted fever orrboard.
The tick is another disagreeable fnsect, resembling
a crab. It' fastens itself to the surface of the body,
In Uganda the tick bite causes a fever that
on examination of the blood shows a spirillum to ba
present,; as the result of which it is called spirillum
fever. It somewhat resembles malaria in its attacks.
It -has complications,' nervous conditions, especially of
the _ eye and fadal para j y? i s . i t asts abouttwo
months and leaves the; patient weak and debilitated.
The mortality: is very slight. .
The sleeping sickness has been known for a long
time, but; has . only lately excited general interest.
rC g ar ding this trouble by the people that I-bave met
in Italy, France and England.- It is . the 'result of a
bite of ,-, one form of tsetse fly that inhabits tha
s i 11 ° re^ oft J ie^«at,likes, fl as.the Victoria Nyanza and
Albert,»and the streams flowing out. of them, as tha
N r ile> . -It-islsaid that- after the hite !he onset of th«
disease may be from one. month to several years,
The. patient ; has fever for a few days, which sub
sides,, only, to recur 'again in a few days or weeks.
There is also weakness' and lassitude- Besides this
the j- patient has enlarged glands in the neck arid a
tremor of the ; tongue.- The stage may last from two
months to = a *y.ear. 1^ is due ito the parasite the
tropozon in;the circulation.
fl,,; 1 ," 3^ J. he . tr .°PO 2 °n reached tha
fluid of • the spine and ; brain , and gives symptoms
wh i chatt j mes closely, resemble* paresis. The patient
may be drqwiy"; and .apathetic, with .later tremor of
the face, epileptic convulsions, also perhaps maniacal.
*}«*
-ing the -latter, part of the sickness he falh asleep
whilecheVing his food.' When not under treatment
it lasts on/an'average six months in" a white case and
18 months" in' a black: Several hundred thousand
and^^e s ;.%7«^ died ' and there^are now- from 20.000 to
. th> form of arsenic, usually used. .
; The steps taken to stop the disease are tosegregatt
allcases^in- camps where the fly willnot live. This
shores of clear
.water, wherecthere is plenty of siiade, and it i»never
The healtJj
away ,tbe brush and
grass 'from the shores of !the? lake,. moving the people
backjin^;the;countryVand*planting citronella on tha
lake shores,' a"» the flies can not live under those condi
tions/- The "dther^ variety of tsetse fly ii^ not danger
ousto men; arid .1-; have often had them on me. One
yariety^causes jdisease;inxattle.- This particular fly is
' inacUveU during, certain -hours, arid the Massai herders
f ™shjtheir/cattleXth'r;ongh ; an infected strip of country
\u25a0\u25a0oeaman has made an, exhaustivestudy.ot the tsetse fly
and; is v preparins an " article "on!. the .' subject.