Daily national era. [volume], March 30, 1854, Image 2

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LITERARY MISCELLANY.
Pur the NktioMl Bra
P81CHS AT aCHOOl.
BY LUCY LARCOM.
Young Psyohe came U> aohool
Duwn here in Being's lower vestibule,
Whore many voices unto bur did call,
*" Welcome! he studious! and in Mamuion a hall
Shalt thou cup hearur be to Mammon-king
Thought Psyche, "No such thing
A volume Pleasure brought,
Of glowing pictures in earth-colors wrought.
Temptation's alphabet in ambush lay
Among tho leaves; but Psyche turned away,
And criod, " Those tints are mired with poisonous
paint;
It wakes me sick and faint ."
Then one apprqached, called Love;
Whose fingers o'er illumined print did move.
Psyche looked on, and sighed, " The page is veit;
Your notes and your translations inar the text
Tho angel* write Love's idioms on the heart.
Tbey are not learned by Art"
Pride took an ancient book.
To teach the high bred air. the scornful look.
Psyohe returned her gaae with meek surprise,
And said, " Mine are not glass, but real eyes,
And will not stare like dead men's; since I mo,
I cannot learn of thee "
"The child rebels," said Pride.
" Now be the lash by some rough teacher plied."
Then Poverty her rudest blows did give.
8aid Psyche, " Pain assures mo that I live
My robes are torn , hut courage, faith, and lovo,
My triple mail I prove."
Grief brought a scroll, writ o'er
With ink of nightshade and of hellebore.
Its damps wore rainbows ander Psyche's smile.
Despair with black tonic open stood the while,
But said, " ller oyes would mako the page too bright,"
And stole away from sight.
A Shade undid tho gate;
One who expects no welcome, e'er so late
Then Psyche took the parchment that he boro,
And whispered, gliding by him through the door,
" Rind Death, best friend' 'tis my diploma given,
A graduate for heaven!"
For the National Bra.
BECOLLECTIOftSOF MY GRANDFATHKH'SHOME.
CHAP. Vn^Continned.
Ho, for tho country farm-house, a* it wag
twenty yoarf* ago! They are not now what they
onco were. Permeating railroad*, and the consc
qu?nt facilities of intercourse with town, have
introduced into oountry Tillages town luxuries,
with town tastos?a greater degree of outward
refinement, mure mannerism, at the sacrifice
of fresh, natural manifestations! The spin
niug-wheel and loom have disappeared; the
classic distaff has been stowed in the attic, with'
nameless other homely, domestic implements,
fraught with curious interest and manifold as
sociations. There's a smack of city shoppings
in the adornings of tho " west room." Tho
quaint bits of China on the mantel have made
room for far more commonplace plaster images;
the cheeked homespun window-curtains, for
frail muslin drapery; the funny little watcr
oolorcd rose-bushes of the itinerant, self-styled
artist, for cheap engravings! The yawning
fireplace, which was wont in summer to be
decorated so graoefully with fragrant fir, parti
oolored moeses, and delicate' asparagus, have
shut themselves up for the convenient ugliness
of well-polished stoves! The sand has been
swept from the oarefully-sorubbed floor, the
braided mats borne from the inner sanctuary,
for the labor-saving, single-grain carpet! Yes,
the innovation is complete. There is a t-mack
of Young America in every corner.
Even i? perebanoe, age or association have
made precious some old relic, by dint of putty
ing*, paintings, varnishings, and patch work
ings, the seam*, the tooth-marks of time, tho
worm-holes, the rude jointures, all disappear,
leaving little relative beauty or real interest!
There is some sense, after all, in this regret
for the bygone fashions of oar grandfathers
parlor furnishings. There was to many of
them a pcouliar .farm-house appropriateness, a
combination of neatness) with utility, consistent
with simple habits and hard-earned gains. The
" high-owmd bureaus;"
" The chest contrived a double debt to pay?
A bed by night, a chest of drawers by day; "
the table-top-surmounted chair, with its under
pending knife-box?a more awkward, but still
commendable piece of furniture. I stared, and
wondered, and guessed, at first eight of the
quaint old thing, but still remember it with de
light ; though, forsooth, I should pity the belle
whose first improw-ion depended upon the effect
of that chair's brick-red, half-moon back
? ground.
I love my grandfather's lumbering old house
hold furnishings; and, ho for my Grandfather's
Home of twenty years agi! Alas! long before
I eroded its threshold, the town enlighten
ments o4 country oousins had begun their Work,
and to me the dark old attic was by far the
pleaeantest reception room. Nevertheless, there
was then, and there still lingers throughout it,
a smack of the bygone, which gave a peculiar
zest to my summerings. They lived at my
grandfather's jujt as three fourths of the New
Kogland farmers lived twenty years ago.
How all my old-fashioned experienoes then,
crowd upon me'this moment; and f seem to sit
once more in the porch door, where I used to
station myself every Monday, years ago, with
a basin of warm suds, which I blew into a
grant.heap of bubbles, with Jonathan's pipe.
In my extreme juvenility, washing days were
?y peculiar horror?days of imprisonment, ad
venture, accidents, and cross servants; but the
washing days at mv grsndfniher's were alto-*
gather different affairs. Here, neatness and
order made tolerable even the meanest drudg
ery.
l?ong htfire tho sun had thrown its red
streaks across the fl.wr of the kitohen, my
?dep-grandmother and Hannah would be en
gaged in actual service before the two steam
ing-tub*, which my oarcful grandfather had
made ready for Ihem in the long porch or en
try. Thssi were the days of ladies' work,
and tbe quondam washwoman sported bro
and satins! I was too young for actual
le, and, aside from the replenishing of the
of chips, was only a dissatisfied looker-on.
How I longed to plonge my arms into the
thawing, sparkling, rainbow tinted, sinling,
snde? yet started back at the sight of Hannah's
hlsnekied, parboiled fingers When Jonathan
bad carried the tnhe to tho well, how heartily
I enjoyed tbe final submersion of the linen,
and ' admired it afterwards, flapping, snow
white, on the line.
I enjoyed these days. Ft may hate been a
vulgar taste, but I enjoyed them in all their
1,1 'I; and every Sabbath evening I nsed to
lit Jonathan's blackened pipe to a bed of
coals, a necessary preparation for
ling experiments.
Ttoa was a ooor at either end of the porch;
CM looked oat upon the green into whioh the
big gate onaned from the lane; in whioh stood
?be ehoppiog-block by the wood-pile; where
fcnBft fbe great wall-sweep; and where stood,
tan, tfte walaut tree, of p*a? play hoara, through
a* folia** sbusflnered the village spire, half
-a mm n?h?y?all dear objects now, as then
Th? Otbar door opened npon tbe wast, and took
in a broad protect of hfo, and dale, and for
est land. Far away, oo- the borfcon JfcOf a
opening, fbe outskirts of a little
Mia a trSil? epeofc. Tbe deep valley
below -bowed a riob, vuriegated, fore-^p,
which set mini in the distunoe, ^'ru? {
lo fence in,hVe/h.ck hedges, thehjto fwmj
muttered here and tbere. From this w<oodea
valley a belt of green fields rose, and loll agai
to in vke a hed for the null stream, down to
wboeo nearest Hide stretched my grandluther s
VrZ acres. The mill and tie
house were out ol sight, 1 under the hil1,
but the clatter of the wheelajand the bubbling
of the water* cume pleasantly on the
while round the oorner I could ju?t oatoh a
glimpse of the brook, an it burnt troni the oon
finos of the mill-pond; aye, and arJ"?d
the comer was that mysterious little held
And by this same door stood the rude bench,
on which Benny placed the basin of water tor
me, on my first hay morning.
So here I used to sit and half dream away
the day ; now listouing to the low murmur of
the stream, or following the picturesque move
ment- of Molly, the miller's daughter, who
bleached her linen and browned her arms at
the spring?now watching the gradual mil -
siding of uiy heaped up bubble*, with their
wealth of mirrored forms and colors, or listen
ing to the harmless gossip of the two washers,
whom 1 seem to see standing there now, in
their quaint garb, enlivening their monotonous
labor by harmless, tell-tale bits of?.ll?ged<v
ii.gs, wondering what could send
from the com field so oflen, to look after Mol
ly's bleaching?what the lat inillor would do
when Molly was gone, and the like Some
times I grew tired ; the ? 0 dear
grandmother ceased to arouse me; the little
brook left off babbling ; the speck of a hamlet
in the distance, with its wreathed fancies
would also fade away, and I would dream ol
little Benny. ... ,.
But washing day and bubbles would come
to an end, only however t<> make way tor an
other day s homely duties. ?ricoa week
were the contents of the dairy brought forth,
and the arts of butter and cliecso making dis
placed to my wondering eyes; homoly employ
ments these, to be sure, but requiring no mean
amount of patience and skill. The gathering
1 and chopping of the curd, the churning and
stamping ol the butter, and the achievement
at length of the full grown cheese were full of
interest to me, a novice. Then there was an
earnest of thrift and neatness about the long
array of Bhining pans at the back door felt
by me, a child. Never, now a-days, do 1 be
hold a similar array without having murored
back to me those simple rustic toils. More
over, there was a quietness about every domes
tic implement that fed my juvenile curiosity.
The polished wooden bowls showed such a
wealth ol interwoven fibres?the hollow smooth
ing irons, with their tiny door and heating
stone, were so curious. The cheese press was
a model of rustic invention; and the big ohuni
was revered with legendary faith. In the hot
torn of this might still be seen the print ot a
witch proof of my grandfather <?, who had ex
orcised the spirit by throwing a red hot-horse
shoe into his refractory cream ! Those were
the days of harmless superstitions and unoon
' scions practical philosophy, I was left lor al
ter years to bani-h, through the lispings of
pinatbred school girls, these waifs of our innate
credulity! .
| RKMAINIIKR OF CHAP. VII TO-MORROW .]
for ths National Ira.
WILLIAM FRANXLIH JBBXIH8
Died, at the Marlboro Hotel, Boston, Maw,
March 2d, of pulmonary consumption, W. K.
Jenkins, formerly of Attica, N. S., agod 29
^Fow and simple are the words that suffico to
record the exit of a good and true man from
this earthly sphere of his existence and influ
ence. Few and simple are the facts recapitu
lated in tho brief memorials of a uselul life,
whioh meekly commend themselves to the no
tioe of the publio mind in a corner ol some
newspaper, as a farewell suggestion to the
living of one who has passed away from their
midst The date of the departure, the name,
age, birth-place, burial-plaoe, and the disease
in whioh the last summons came, make up all
the obituary history of thousands, whose lives
have been daily lessons of love to God and
man. The walks of such a life leave few foot
prints to human eyes in the dew ol those
sequestered fields of philanthropy which it
blessed with its secret labors of love. But
none the let* for this, does the divine benedic
tion attach to these labors, in all the fulness of
its promise, that they shall follow the humble
and devoted worker after be is taken to his
reward, and live in beautiful and immortal
influence upon the earth. Mw persons, except
the most intimate friends of VV. K Jenkins,
knew how full ot suoh labors was his short life
of twenty-nine years ; for he soldoiu let his left
hand know what his right hand did for the
glory of (rod and the good of man ; and that
right hand, and the heart that moved it to its
benevolent activities, were ever busy and burn
ing with works and ideas of human brother
hood. The first personal acquaintanoo made
by the writer with his departed friond, wiw
in connection with one of his characteristic
schemes of quiet benevolence. He had a large
number of young men in his employ, for whose
moral progress, and intellectual and religious
development, lie thought, watched, and labor
ed, with a brother's care.
Oa the occasion to which wo refer, he col
lated them in the counting room of his estab
lishment, to listen to a few words of counsel
and suggestion, which he asked us to address
to them. Soon after this interview, we went
to Europe, where we spent several years, la
lioring especially in the cause -of peace. About
ten years had elapsed, when we received a let
ter from bim, referring to the littlo meeting in
his ooanting room, and requesting us to accept
the annual rent of the establishment, amount
ing to* $200, as his annual contribution to th<*
cause we were endeavoring to promote. It was
in its day the most extensive blacksmith shop
in New Kngland, in which the iron work of
tho frigate Constitution was wrought This
circumstance seemed to enhance the pleasure
he felt in appropriating tho rent of those an
vils and walls, that once rang and rebounded
with the clangor of that warliko work, to the
dissemination of tho ideas of peace and hu
man brotherhood among the nations of the
earth. It partially realised, in his view, the
beating of "swordi into ploughshares, and
spears into pruning-hooks.'' On our return to
America last autumn, we found him, to our
great forrew, in a very delicate state ol health,
evidently near the olose of his young and be
nevolent life. But his heart was full to over
flowing, of warm and earnost sympathies with
every enterprise of true philanthropy.
He spoke of the pecuniary means he had ac
cumulated by industrious application, as a sa
cred trust whioh he held as a mere stoward ;
and which, while ho lived, and after he was
gone to his rest, lie was anxiouR should he de
voted-to the servioe of Him who gave it The
oauee of I'oace, Anti Slavory, and of other de
partments of human brethorluod, seemed to
grow dearer and dearer to him as ho approach
ed his end He spoke of their progress and pros
pools with the fervor of earnest faith and hope,
oven when it was difficult for him to enunoiate
distinctly the word* they inspired In his Isst
moments, he directed that the annuity to those
operations in whioh we had been engaged,
should be increased to 1500?a sacred bequest,
whioh, we trust, will ever be appropriated so
as to realise the dying wish ol his benevolent,
heart. He was uimmoned soddenly to hiA rest
and reward : and ?re had not the melancholy
| satisfaction of being with him in his last boor*
I We have lost in him truly a friend and broth
er ; and we hops, on tho score of this relation,
I Mid of tho sentiments it inspires, his immodi
ate relative*, and friends of older date, will
fiardon uo for eubjoining this tribute of affec
tion and gratitude to the brief notice of bin
death, which they asked us to communicate to
| the National Era. E B.
1 . j-i
WASHINGTON, D. C.
THURSDAY, march SO, 1*54.
CONORE88.
The Senate to-day devoted much of its time
to the Hettloinent of a contest botwecn the
Union and Sentinel newspapers, an to the right
of either to the printing of the Agricultural
Part of the Report of the Commissioner of
Patents, a large and very profitable piece of
work. The Sentinel wan of course triumphant;
and it is regarded an a fact of some significance
that Mr. Douglas voted in its favor!
In the Houce, Mr. N. S. Taylor, of Tennea
hoc, was qualified and took hia Heat, vice Hon.
H. Campboll, deceased; and, twenty minutes
after the House had been called to order it re
solved itself into Committee of the Whole, and
Mr. Keitt proceeded to deliver an hour's
speech in support of the Nebraska bill. Mr.
Keitt is a man of gentlemanly appearance, of
fair abilities and intelligonoe, and of good ora
torical powors; but, with all deforcnoo and
respect, while listening to his transcendental
isms and bitter denunciations of " fanaticism7'?
a term ho very often uses?we thought he af
forded a by no means inapt illustration of that
quality. There may be fanatics in the North,
as he and others so reproachfully assert, but
tho most virulent of all fanaticism is that
which runs mad for Slavery.
THE HUMORED AFFAIR OF HONOR.
Neither Mr. Cutting nor Mr. Breckinridge?
the gentlemen to whom we yesterday alluded?
was in his seat in tho House of Representa
tives to-day; but we are of opinion that the
difficulty between them has been settled upon
terms more satisfactory to their countrymon,
and more honorable to thomselves, than a re
sort to arms. Gentlemen who wore yesterday
believed to be deeply impressed upon the sub
ject, and who were reported to bo voluntary
pacificators between the parties, were to day
in their places, ohcerful and active participants
in the business of the House.
THE NEBRASKA QUK8TI0N ? SOUTHERN AND
NORTHERN SLAVERY?1 HE CONSTITUTION.
The National Era at Washington, the cen
tral organ of all tho Anti-Slavery factions of the
country, says that "the New York Herald,
consistent upon no other subject of policy or
principle, has over been faithful to tho interests
of Slavory." Upon this allegation we have a
word or two to say.
The Abolition organ at Washington rests
the whole merits of the Slavory question upon
the fundamental Abolition dogma that the
hereditary system of Southsrn labor ia an
ovil?a moral, social, and political evil?and
that it Bhould thorefore be extinguished as soon
as possible.
*.# # * # # #
But, admitting Southern Slavery to be an
evil, we donbt whether it leada to more deplo
rable consequences than our hireling ayatom of
free labor, which in truth may be called the
White slavery system of the North, in oontra
distinction to tho black system of tho South.
Let ua iudge of these two systems by their
fruit. '? By their fruits shall ye know them."
##?*'###
Wo find that tho number of paupers in the
six New England States ol Maine, New Hamp
shire Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Vermont,
and Connecticut, who in 1850 wore subject to
oharitable support, waa 33,431, while, for the
same year, the same class of persona in the six
Southern States of Maryland, Virginia, North
and South Carolina, Goorgia, and Alabama
numbered only 15,500. Of these, the native
paupers ol the New England States numbored
in round numbers 19,000. while those of the six
Southern States amounted to bnt 12 000
Recapitulation?Six New England Statos.
population 2 705,896, native paupers 19 000;
si* Southern States, population 5,219,776, na
tive paupers 12,000.
That is to say, the six Now England States,
boasting the highest elements of Northern per
fection, in free nchools, free labor, freo speech,
and free mon, liavo an average of more than
three to one of nativo-born paupers, as com
pared with Mr. Kennedy's official returns of
that class in the six Southern States of Mary
land, Virginia, North and South Carolina,
Georgia, and Alabama. Wo select the native
paupers, because tho foreign are an extraneous
olement, affording no basis, for a just compari
son. And the same advantage will appear to
tho South in the comparative returns of the
idiotic, the deaf and dumb, tho blind, and the
insane.?New York Herald.
We have no doubt that all this is received as
gospel by the Pro-Slavery readers of the Her
ald, but it is an entire misrepresentation from
beginning to end, and the very Census returns
to which the writer appoals, oompletely expose
his unfairness.
Aocording to these returns, the whole num
ber of native paupers that reoeivod public Rip
port in all thfe States within the year ending
June lat, 1850, was?
In the Freo States ... 50.023
In the Slavo States - - . ] 6,411
Total . . . #6,434
Taking the entire free population of each
section, the proportion was: ?
In tho Free States, 1 in 262
In tho Slave States, 1 in 335.
These tables show that in tho course of one
year, the relative number of paupers rtctivin%
public *upport in tho Froe Statos is a little
larger than in the Slave States. But, this
proves nothing against free labor institutions,
as the following considerations will prove:
1. The number of paupers relieved at pub
Iio charge is not a true criterion of the amount
of pauperism. No ono who is aoquainted
with both sotttions of the Union doubts that
the free States have provided more efficiently
for tho relief of patipors than the slave States.
In the former, fur example, in 1850, the aver
age provision for each pauper for the year
was $47, in tho latter only $37. The same
sentiment which leads to better provision for
the individual pauper, will lead to publio pro.
vision lor a greater number.
2. Hie large class of persons, via: l*abortr?,
peculiarly liable to privation, o??t of whioh the
great majority of paupers spring, are slaves in
the Sionth, and are kept in a state of perpetnal
dependence. The difference between cthem
and white paupers, is, that they are dependent
upon tho charity of their masters, who oxaot
more than payment for what they give, while
tho white panpers are dependent upon the
State, which relieves their wants when neces
sary, without making slaves of them.
3. But, other things being equal, without any
reference to institutions, we might naturally
expect more physical suffering in the truculent
latitude* of the North than the genial climes
of the South. The census enable* us to verify
this presumption. The whole number of na-.
ti've paupers at public charge on the 1st of
June, 1850, was?
In the free States, 24,802
In tho slave States, 12,114
In other words, in summer, when the two
sootiom are on an equal footing as to genial
weather, the free States have fewer paupers
receiving public support than the slave States;
for while the free population of the latter
soaroely exceeds one-fourth of the whole free
population of tho country, their paupers at
publio oharge on the 1st of June, 1850, were a
little leaethan one-third of the whole number.
This fact, then, not only shows the influence of
a rigorous climate in producing physical suf
fering, but that, when the operation of this cause
is suspended, there is a greater number of pau
pers at public expense in the slave State*, than
in the free! +
This conclusion is reaohed also by instituting
other comparisons. Take, for instance, the three
States, Ohio, Indiana, and Illinois, and compare
them with Kentucky, Tennessoe, and Missouri'
Thoy do not' differ much in soil or natural
advantages; and they are all agricultural. Tho
chief difference between them lies in tho char*
uoter of thoir irntitution??one class being Blave
States, the other freo. Now, the Consus shows
that the numbor of paupers relieved in the
year 1850, at public expense, in tho throo slave
Statos/jvaa as 1 to 654 of the wholo free popu
lation ; while ic the three free States it was as
1 to 1,113 of the whole freo population.
Again?taking Florida, Alabama, Louisiana,
Texas, Mississippi, and Arkansas, those South
ern States, which are comparatively exempt
from a rigorous climate and extremes of tem
perature, wo find that the wholo number of
paupers in them, in the year 1852, was but
901, or 1 in 1,444 of the freo population; while
tho rest of tho slavo States contained 15,510
paupers, of 1 in 335. Does the Herald pretend
to say that the social system in Mississippi,
Arkansas, and Texas, is higher and more bene
ficent than that of Virginia, South Carolina,
and Maryland ?
We oan now understand, at onoe, tho unfair
neas of the Herald in oomparing tho six New
England States, exposed to terribly severe and
protracted winters, with six Southern States,
where tho winters fire short and comparatively
mild. Tho random assertion which oloees tho
foregoing extract, that the same advantago
will appear to the South, in the comparative
returns of the idiotic, the deaf and dumb, the
blind, and insane," is equally untenable. By
referring to the Census, it will be found that
the proportions of mutes and of blind in the two
sections are the same; that of tho insane there
is a slight disproportion against the free States,
while of the idiotio there is a more deoided dis
proportion against the slave States. Thus, tho
proportion of insane in the free States in 1850
was as 1 in 1,295; in the idavo States, as 1 in
1,309; of idiotio, in the free States, as 1 in
1,604; in the slave States, as l in 1,037. It
will never do for tbo supporters of Slavery to
appeal to any trustworthy statistics to show its
superiority over free labor institutions. Sup
poso the Herald try again; or, should its oour
age fail, perhaps Senator Butler, who, in a late
speeoh in the Senate, made quite a free, if not
judicious, use of statistics, would like to insti
tute some comparisons.
THE OCCASION AND ITS DUTIES.
If appearances are at all trustworthy, the
geographical question mooted by a late emi
nent New England statesman may be consid
ered as good as settled. Thore is a North. I.t
begins to ber understood that it is hardly safe
for political filibusters and piratical adventur
ers to ignore its existence, and treat it as a
fabulous Cape Flyaway or Isle of St H run dan's.
The Nebraska misohief, like most other evils,
has ite incidental and unlooked-for compensa
tions?it has revealed the North.
The action of the Legislatures of New York,
Maine, Rhode Island, and Massachusetts; the
publio meetings of men of all parties in nearly
all the principal oities and towns of the Free
Stotee; the munioipal elections of Detroit and
Milwaukee; the falling off of tho Democratic
vote in New Hampshire, although the friends
of the Administration sparod no pains to im
press the People with the belief that the Ne
braska question had nothing to do with tbo
State election; the united remonstranco of the
clergy of New England, of all denominations
and all political parties?these are among the
indications of a development of Northern feel
ing, which can scarcely be mistaken.
Thero is a North! ? The returns of the New
Hampshire election must, we think, satisfy
such skeptics even as General Pierce and Sec
retary Cushing of this foot.
Look at ohe significant fact. Heretofore,
whenever any Administration, Whig or Demo
cratic, has taken the responsibility of a meas
ure pending in Congress, there has l?een no
difficulty in getting np publio meotings in its
favor, and in giving it the support of oaucusrs
and conventions. In this respect the Nebraska
Bill presepts a striking ezoeption. It is an
Administration measure. It is urged with all
the appliances of party machinery and Gov
ernmental patronage. The President and his
Cabinet are irretrievably involved in it. Thoy
have mado its support a lest of party sonnd
ness, and, what is more to the purpose, a con
dition of offioe. Yet, while all over the free
States, publio meetings are oonvened against
the moasure?meetings unprecedented for num
bers and for the determined spirit of thoir
speeches and resolves?we hear of only two
or three feeble attempts at popular demonstra
tions in ite favor.
This is not the fault of the Goverment re
tainers. Sold to the Demon of Patronage, and
renouncing all pretensions to self-oontrol and
private judgment, they havo no alternative
but to yield passively whenever it suite the
oonvenienoe or the necessity of their master to
get up a grand national puppet-donee of office
holders. They have stood alone in opposition
to the Anti-Nebraska ^omonstrations in their
respective localities?the People of all par
ties on one side; Collector, Postmaster, and a
tide-waiter or two, on the other. They have
penned editorial leaders far subsidised presses,
and even relinquished a part of their offioial
pay for electioneering purposes. They have
piped, hut the People would not danoe. The
plain common sense of disinterested men of
all parties has rejected their arguments in
favcy" of the Nebraska perfidy. Never within
the memory of man have the people of the
free States been so united upon any political
question as they are at this moment in opposi
tion to the repeal of the Missouri Compromise
and the introduction of Slavery into the great
territory of the West.
Unhappily, however, in this struggle between
the People on one hand, and the Government
on the other, the power of the former is dele
gated to men within the reach of the tempta
tions whioh the latter holdB out as the reward
of a betrayal of truBt. The heavy money-bags
of the Treasury have been oast into the scale,
and there is good reason to fear that they will
turn it against Freedom and the popular will.
We are told that the President has already sc
oured the requisite number of Congressional
traitors, and that, in spite of all opposition, the
Bill will booome a law.
Wbut will then follow? Will the betrayed
People rise in their indignation and repeal the
law ? Or will they be soothed jnto acquies
cence by the assuranoe of Northern statesmen
that "no great interest is at stake?" Will
they not be told that it is only the concession
of a principle to the Slave Power?a mere ab
straction ? Slavery will not bo likely to go into
Nebraska, under any circumstances. Why
should the free States trouble themselves about
a word more or less in the Bill organizing Ter
ritories which are protty Bure of ooming into
the Union free ? Let the South make tho most
of its barron victory. Why should the North
keep up a useless agitation of the subjoot ?
But suppose tho Bill, after all, is defeated in
the House ? There, of course, is tho end of the
matter; and the North, having oarricd its point
and Baved the Compromise, has nothing further
to do. Agitation is superfluous; tho blessed
quiet following the Compromises of 1850 is re
stored.
So we fear too many who assume to be lead
ers of publio opinion in th6 North are reason
ing. Admit (what wo do not for a momont
believe, however) that Slavery will not, in any
event, obtain a permanent foothold in Nebras
ka and Kansas. Do wo not know that Young
America is grasping after new. territory, now
without tho limits of the United States? A
gigantio scheme of oonquest and annexation is
in progress, involving Cuba with its hundreds
of thousands of slaves, Hayti with its million
of free blaofcs to b*e re-enslaved, Moxioo, and
Central America. The repeal of the Missouri
Compromise would leave Slavery free course in
all these vast territories. The free States have
a majority in Congress. Establish the princi
ple that Congress cannot interfere with the
Territories in tho matter of Slavery, and that
majority becomes tho silent and powerless
spectator of the triumphant progress of the ex
ecrable institution from tho Atlantic to the
Pacifio, and from its present boundary on tho
Rio del Norte to the Isthmus of Darien.
The defoat of this Bill is, then, of the utmost
importance. It will lessen the danger, and, by
giving the free States an opportunity to oom
bino their politioal strength, perhaps avert it
altogether. Bat one thing is certain. Defeat
ed or victorious in the present struggle, Slavery
will not rest quiet. It knows no " finality."
The inexorable necessities of its existence de
mand perpetual agitation and aggression. It
will renew the conflict, in utter disregard of its
pledges and compromises. It must feed upon
tho life blood of new territory, or die.
Shall we learn nothing from the past ? At
the very time when Northern statesmen and
Northern divines wcro congratulating one an
other upon tho final settlement of tho Slavory
agitation?a settlement obtained only by in out
disgracsful and wicked concessions to Slavery?
the great Disturber was maturing the plot for
extending its power over those vast Territories
of the West which its own pledges and votes
had confirmed to Freedom forever. What has
been, will be. Npw plots will be organised,
new aggrossions concerted How many more
times must the North be brayed in tho mortar,
before it will learn the first lesson of self-pres
ervation ?
"The Fugitive Slave Law," says Ralph Wal
do Emerson, "partially unglued the eyes of
the North, and now tho Nebraska bill leaves
us staring." The blindest Hunkerism sees at
last, what it has so long denied, that Slavery
is itself the agitator and aggrossoT ? an ever
active disturbing force, urging its schemes
of propagandism, without regard to " peace
?measures," "compromises," or party connec
tions, with a step a* steady as time, and an ap
petite as insatiable as death Now, then, is
the time for the free States to initiate a new
course of policy. The union, persistent energy,
and audacity of the South, in extending and
strengthening the accursed institution, must
now bo mot by corresponding union, energy,
and boldness, on the part of tho North, in de
nationalising, limiting, and restraining it.
Tho present is tho time for action Lot the
movement begin at Washington at this very
semi on. I?et those who are willing to stand
on the question of Slavery where tho fathers
of the Republic strs?d, nnito, irrespective of par
ty names, to form a Lbacutc or Freedom ?
tho nucleus of a mighty organisation through
out the oountry, having for its watchwords ?
No slave Territory.
No more slave States.
The General Government relieved from all
responsibility for Slavery.
No interference, by the General Government
with Slavery in the slave Statea
No interference with Ike right of jury trial,
the iwrit of habeas corpus, and other guarantees
of life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness, in |
the free States.
Slavery left to itself in the States which cher
ish it, without any extraneous aid or comfort, to
reconcile itself as it best may to the progress of
civtlixation and Christianity, ami to the liberal
spirit of the age.
{^uch a movement as is hore contemplated
will naturally demand a leader?an embodi
ment of its idoa. Ho will not l?o wanting. The
Divine Hrovidenco does not mock us in pre
senting these great opportunities for the ad
vancement of humanity. It gives the Man f.?r
the Hour?the strong, bold hand, to grasp the
forelock of the panting Oooaaion. When suoh
a man shall unmistakably reveal himself, what
ever may have been his party name or connec
tion, whether his home is in New England or
the Empire State, by the Mississippi or the
Colorado, all who love* lil>erty, and desire the
peace, honor, and prosperity pf the several
States, and the permanence of their Union, will
naturally rally about him. 'But, in the mean
time, let the movement be oommenced, and
vigorously prosecuted, whatever may be the
fate of the Nebraska Bill, and without regard
to tho selfish appeals of the present leaders of
parties. It needs but to be begun at Wash
ington ; the great mass of the People of tho
free States, now anxiously waiting for it, will
take hold of it at onoo, and carry it forward
to its consummation. J. G. W.
A TIMELY MOVEMEBT.
A call has been issued for a meeting at Wor
cester, Massachusetts, on the 18th of next
month, of persons disposed to emigrate to
Southern Nebraska. It is proposed to form a
colony of at least one hundred families of
farmers and mechanics, " who are in*favor of
sustaining the principles of the Gospel, and
opposed to the extension of Slavery." Tho
call is from a responsible source?from men
who are themselves prepared1 to enter into the
movement, and to make personal and pecuni
ary sacrifices to give it effect.
The end is not yet. As in a beleagiierod oity,
when tho outer wall is in danger of boing over
thrown, an inner one is orected, so the break
ing down of the Missouri prohibition may only
disclose a wall of free hearts drawn around the
threatened territory, against which the dark
hosts of Slavery shall be broken like waves on
a rook. __ J. G. W.
THE TESTIMONY OF AN OPPONENT.
Mr. Burke has long been notorious for bis
hostility to Anti-Slavory men. No prominent
politician at the North has been more consist
ent in his opposition to them. During tho
late canvass in New Hampshire, he took strong
ground in support of the Nebraska Bill, al
though, as he contended before the adoption of
the Badger amendment, its passago would re
vive tho old slave oode in -Nebraska, and thus
legislate Slavery into that Territory. After
the adoption of the amendment, he still con
tinued his advocacy of the Bill, bnt let us hear
what be says of the feeling of the people of
New Hampshire on the subject He is as
keen an observer as he is an unscrupulous pol
itician :
" The Nebraska Mil.?Whatever we may
think of the justice and eqnity of tho principles
involved in Mr. Douglas's bill creating the
Territories of Nebraska and Kansas, it cannot
be disguised that there is a deep and abiding
feeling amongst the people of New Hampshire,
without distinction of party, of determined hos
tility to its provisions. Although intelligent
and reasonable men are ready to admit the
correctness of the doctrine that the people of
tho Territories should possess tho right to de
termine for themselves their own domestic in
stitutions, and that territory acquired by tbo
common blood and troasure of all the States
should be alike open to all, yet they cannot aee
the propriety of reopening a question which
they had supposed had been forever settled by
the Compromise of 1820, and of agitating a
matter whioh it was solemnly agreed in 1850
should not be dgitated again.
M We are entirely satisfied that the people cf
this State?even the Deiqooracy?will never
consent to, nor acquiesce in, the measure; and
it is perfect folly to suppose that the parage
of Judge Douglas's bill by Congress will allay,
or in any degree quiet, the agitation upon the
subject. It is looked upon as a gross violation
of a solemn compact, for whioh the South re
ceived a consideration and an equivalent thirty
yoars ago, and whose share of tho benefits the
North is about to be deprived of. However
much we may deprecato this state of feeling
truth compels us to say that such is the faot;
and so intense and deep soated is this foeiing,
that, ioi our belief, no man, however exalted
his position or his standing, can successfully
combat it or stand up against it."
Sugar Tax ?The Missouri Democrat, from J
authoritative documents, calculates that there !
are in Louisiana some 1,500sugar plantations ; 1
that they make by the sugar culture a net
profit on thoir capital of from 15 to 20 per
cont; that each working hand they employ ;
gives them a dear profit of four or five hun
dred dollars; that these profits, such as'Yesnlt
from no other agricultural work, arc owing to
the tax imposed by the Tariff on foreign sugar,
a tax on oommeroe amounting to $12,000,000
annually; and its practical inferenoc is, that
the People ought to be relieved from this heavy
burden, borne for the benefit of 1,500 planters;
and that, as Mr. Guthrie by his proposed
changes of the Tariff has not yet been able to
reduce it to the standard of the wants of tho
Government, be should recommend tho trans
fer of sugar to the free list.
Terrible Calamities.?A despatch from
Ogdensburg, New York, state* that on Tues
day night the house of Cooper Tyler, at North
Lawrence, was burnt, while he and his wife
were out visiting, and that his seven young
children perished in the Hamee?the oldest but.
nine years of age. We also learn that the
house of Wm. Flanders, at Londonderry, Now
Hampshire, was also burned qp the same day,
and that three children perishod in ths flame
The causes of these fiws are not sUtod; but
we must here remark rhat tbo economy prae
I ticod, in lighting dwe^ings with oamphine,
pine oil, ethereal oil, or any composition of tho
kind, is as unwise as that whioh would induce
a man to keop his family in the midst of a
plague, while ho had tho power to remove
them to a place of oomfort and safety.
Arrival ok thx Steamer Ohio.?The U
S.mail steamer Ohio arrived at New York yer
terday morning, from Aspinwall, with 350 pas
sengers, and 1780,100 in gold dust as freight,
and San Francisco papers to the 1st intt.
Arrivai. of the Bi.aix Warrior?Ths
steamer Rlaok Warrior, from Havana 24th
inst, arrived at New York yesterday, bringing
no news of moment.
Fire at Albany ?A large quantity of lnro
ber, the property of Messrs MysTs & Bennett,
and Ward k Easton, on Water street, was de
stroyed by fire yesterday morning. It Was in
sured for f10,000.
LITE BABY NOTICES.
Oi.d Iiuhth with Nkw Eves. By a Ynukee.
With Sti Introduction, by Robert Jiaird, I) D.
Published by M. W. Dndd, New York. For sale
by ttray A Ballsntyne, WiubingUui, D 0.
In ttiid travelling age, *hnn everybody who
goon abroad writes a book, and tollH us junt
what hundreds have told us before, it is re
freshing to find something that bears tho stamp
of freshness and originality. The work before
us is of this character; no dull, monotonous list
of places passed at railroad speed, but a lively,
racy volume, full of interesting and instructive
matter. Hie descriptions are rapid and aui
mated, always giving a clear idea of the ob
jeot, and snffioiently minute to answer for a
guide-book, yet never continuing long enough
to be tedious. Neither does the author inflict
upon his readers a long account of his in tonne
and overwhelming emotions at this or that
place, " piling up the agony " till the reidor
is fain to turn away and loavo the page un
read; but like a skilful artist^who expresses
more with one stroke of the pencil than an
other would with a hundred, he says a few
significant words, and then, like the ever-chan
ging scenes of a panorama,, hastens on to other
topics. ,
The interest of the work i? greatly enhanced
by brief sketohes ho gives in passing of what
ever historical association or important event
may be oonneoted with the placos visited, thus
rendering the book as instructive as entertain
ing. Dr. Baird, whose power to judge cannot
he qnostioned, has given in his introduction a
high recommendation to the book; and we
agree with him, that "it is altogether tho
most readable and instructive book of travels,
embracing the same field," we have had beforo
us in a long time. Lot those who have a penchant
for foreign travel, without tho power to gratify
it, read this bpok. It will bo the best substi
tute for the desired onjoyment ho can find
and, like Cowper at his fire-ido, he oan say,
" lis travels, and I too. I tread his decks,
Ascend his topmasts, through his peering eyes
Discover countries, with n kindred heart,
Suffer his woes and share in his escapes;
While fancy, like the finger of a clock,
Runs the great circuit, and is still at home.''
G.
Cue Cruise op the Steam Yacht North Star:
A narrative of the Kxonrsion of Mr. Vanderbilt'*
party to England, Russia, Denmark, France, Spain,
Italy, Malta, Turkey, and Madeira. By the Rev.
John Ova^ton Choulcs, D. D. Boston, (lould A
Lincoln. Sold by Taylor A Maury, Washington,
D. C. 1 vol, pp. 353.
This is a beautiful hook, written in the best
style for the purpose, of a beautiful voyage, in
a beautiful steamer, under the command of its
owner, tho veteran Captain Vanderbilt, who,
having made a million or two, determined to
let the world soo that ho knew how to spend it
like a lord ; and, accordingly, this grand yacht
ing party, consisting of tho Captain and his
family only, including, as was most fitting, a
ohaplain and historiographer; and if the Duke
de MontpcnBier was happy in tho selection of
Duma* to be tho historian of his progress when
visiting the Court of Spain as the affianocd
of tho Infanta, in liko manner was Captain
Vanderbilt fortunate in seleotiug as hi* ohap
lain and historian tho companionable, gifted,
and variously-aocomplishod, Doctor John Over
ton Choules. Nobody noed fear of -finding
mixed op in those pages matters irrelevant;
for, though written by a Dootor of Divinity,
there is no divinity, nor pious reflections, nor
extracts from his diary, obtruding themselves
into the midst of pages giving aooounts of the
good times they all had abroad. Captain Van
derbilt, as is well known, is remarkable for
tersouess of expression, a compacted force of
argument, and Spartan simplicity, rarely to be
equalled; but, instead of these sententious ut
terances, wo have in thoso pages long speeches
of his, leaving tho impression upon the reader
that the Reverend Dootor has a most marvel
lous memory; and not only the Captain's table
speechos, but thoso of the son in-law, and the
Reverend Chaplain himself, are alPduly re
corded. (ndeod, those glorious days spent by
the party in the port of Southampton are
worthy of living in the memories of all who
were participants of the feast of good things,
and of wines well refined.
In conclnsion, we lay down this book with
the most kindly sentiments for all on board,
and of all for tho historiographer; and tho
feeling flowed in upon us as we oamc to the
last page, which Cowper has expressed for us:
"Now 1st as sing, long lire the kinj',
* And Gilpin, long live he;
And when be next doth ride abroad,
May I be there te see.11 t
Correction or Sacked and Profane Histosv.
Being a Review of the Principal Event* in (be
World, as they bear upon the state of Religion,
from the clone of the Old Testament II iatory to the
establishment of Christianity. By D Davidson
Three volumes in one. New York: Carter A Broth
er*. For sale by (irajr k Ballantyne and R. Fam
ham, Washington, D. C.
Most people suppose the historical books
lionnd op in the Apocrypha in the Family Bible
Riipply the links of history betwoen the closo
of the Old Testament and tho New Testament.
This is an erroneous impression. This work
has been written recently, and all read) rs of
the Scriptures will find hore just what they
have felt a need of?tho completion of tho His
tory of tho Jews, the Conquest of Jerusalem,
the subversion of the Jews, and the triumph of
the Roman Empire. t
On i est At. ard Sacred Scerr*. By Fisher llowe.
New York : M. W. Dodd. I volume. For tale by
Gray k Ballantyne, Washington, D. C.
This is a beautifully-printed book. These
scones aro in Greece?the chapters are devoted
to Atbons, Constantinople, Tyre, Samaria, Je
rusalem, the Jordan, the Dead Sea, fee., &c.,
and nre illustrated by maps and plates, and
written in a very pleasing style. t
Arrualop Scirrtific Discovert, por IBM. Edit
ed by Dav.d A. Wells, A. M Boston <Wd k Lin
coin. For sals by TayloT k Maury, Washington.
D 0. 1 vol , pp. SW.
This is now a standard work. The amount
of labor in its compilation is vast, and the
value of such a publication cannot but grow
into public estimation. This volume is equal
to all its predoeessors; and wo would gladly
make large selections of its pngfs, if we had
room to do so,
Noah ahd tits Timr*. By Rev J M. Olmstead
Host on Oonlrl A Lincoln. 1 vol , pp. 41S. Fnr
sale by Taylor A Maury, Washington, D. 0.
At first, we were disposed to look at this