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LITERARY MISCELLANY.
Jtor tk* National Itn
LEONARD WRAY.
ABOMilCX or MODISH HISTOHY.
By the author of " The Chnmirlr.? of iht ti.isttl*,"
'? TV Embatty," " 7'A? " Philip of
Lutetui," iff.
CHAP. XCI-Coneludsd.
Mildred buried ber fooc in he.- haudd, aud
became muoh agitated. Leonard rose, and.
croeeing over to where she sat, laid his hand
on her head uffcotionately, and whispered,
"whether ?>he had not batter withdraw?"
But she declined, almost peremptorily.
" I am aorry to cause Mademoiselle pain,7'*
Maid Gaetano, in hie very softest voice. " 1
hope Mademoiselle will do me the justice to
admit that f exf reaued a wieh to speak to Mon
sieur Wray alone."
"My sitter, Monsieur," remarked Leonard,
"is always moved when this subjeot is under
discussion. 1 need not allude more particular
ly to the reason. As you have Men the mort
gage deed, you will be acquainted with the
peculiar position in which she stands in rela
tion to it. Thnak God," he added, with ear
nestness. a tear glistening in his eye as he
spoke, " thank G Jd wo are not now in our own
country." '
" 1 would assure you, Monsieur,resumed
the attorney, "that whatever may be the pow
er of your laws, under such extremely delicate
circumstances, they do not reach to France;
and that even if they did, ( should not desire
to onforoe them. It in painful for mo to see
Mademoiselle suffer, especially as I cannot
avoid making further allusion to her. Permit
me again to suggest that t-he bhould leave us
to settle this business out of her presence."
"I do not .desire it, sir," said Mildred. "I
will stay. Being a party interested," she ad
ded, wirb a bitter 6mile, and a painful attempt
to maintain her firmness, " 1 have a right, in
this country at least, to learn how I am to be
disposed of."
Gaotano bowed, and went on.
" If Monsieur can, conveniently"?ho laid
stress on this word?" pay the amount, it may
obviate a traasaotion to which I would not
willingly, I assure you, be a party."
"I am bound at onco to tell you, then," an
swered Leonard, "that it is utterly out of my
power."
He turned very pale as he said this, but
claeped his sister's hand more tightly.
" ft grieves me to hear it," responded the at
torney. " I have already had an offer made
to me for tho property; a highly advantageous
offer, 1 may say; and as this is a pure matter
of bcs'.nees with me, I must, of oourse, close
with it, unlets Monsieur can redeem the mort
gage within the prescribed term In fact, thiB
clause appears to have given additional value
to the deed."
The attorney thrust his leng fiogers into the
breast pocket of his coat, and taking out a
slip of paper, unfolded it, and read its oon tents.
It was drawn up in English, and intimated
" that on euoh a day?blank?he, Gaetano
Pelligrini, &c., had given due notioe to Leonard
Wray, &o., and others, whom it might concern,
that on such other day?blank?a certain
mortgage on oertain property enumerated and
set forth in the deed aforesaid, would be fore
closed, in accordance with the agreement
therein specified, application in due form hav
ing been mhde for tne repayment of the amount
of the mortgage, and dotault made," &c.
" You will permit me, Monsieur," ha added,
10 French, u to insert the present date."
This yar institution of ours has got power
ful long arms," that's a fact,'1' exclaimed Grit.
"It's ail fair, and lawyer-like, but it ain't
right, somehow. What are you going to du,
Leonard?"
Leonard did not notioe the question, save by
a slight siga of disapproval, but deliberately
placed aptn and inkstand before the attorney.
Gaetano held up the pen between himself
and the light, as if from habit. It did not suit
him, apparently, for he took out his pen-knife,
and nibbed the pen, before he dipped il into
the ink, qaite in a business-like manner. He
then inserted the date, and drying up the wet
iifk with his long fiogers, which he wiped on
his hair at the back of his head, examined (he
date, to be sure it was correct, and handed the
paper to Lsonard.
" Everything is in order, now," ho said, " and
I shall await your reply."
"I have given it to yon, Monsieur," answered
Leonard. "I eanuot pay the claim."
" Perhaps Monsieur has a friend," suggested
Mm attorney.
"lama stranger in Paris," replied Leonard,
" and know no one to whom I could apply for
so large a sum."*
" It is a pity," remarked the attorney. " I
should, perhaps not have taken the liborty to
intrude on Moosicur, had I not understood
from my ciieot, Monsieur Aveling, that you
had some particular scruples on tho subject of
the disposal of this property, which I felt anx
ious to (wove that I respected. There are pecu
liar circaLostanoes connected with this oaso,
whioh excited my sympathy, permit me to say.
1 find Mademoiselle, for instance, positively
valaed : positively valued!"?be teemed to
think it neoeesary to repeat the word?" at so
muoh money, and as though the young lady
were an article of merchandise. Hat, sir, th.s
is infiamous!"
The attorney struck the right chord. Leon
ard bad regarded him up to that moment a*
a oold man of business, and not 0ver-s0Tupu
lous. In fact, be had estimated bin at nearly
his jdBti valoe. He now felt asbamod if him
self for having so wronged him; he even
thought be ought to apologise to him. For
tuaately he did not allow his generoos impulse
to carry him so far.
* It is infamous. Monsieur," said ho: "it is
damnable. But that is the law, and those are
the institutions of our country."
" And I find, too," resumed the lawyor, "tbe
right of property in Mademoiselle carried to
suoh an extent, that her money value?-pray,
pardon me, Mademoiselle, for using a business
expres?oo, and receive it as my opinion that I
regard your being valued at all, in mere
money, as an insult?that her money value,"
ho went on, turning now to Leonard again,
"hM been dedncted from the amount of the
mortgage, and beoomes a debt personal, f??r
whioh her brother and lejal owner is liable;
and thie, because she ha* left her country on a
continental tour. It is atrooiou*, this?really
atrocious!" ?
' It is only tbe law, and fll institution," ob
served Leonard again.
141 find, too," continued tbe attorney, ' that
by a strange obanoe, a fatality, I have acqoir
ed a right to dispose of Mademoiselle as I
may see and only requiring, to perfect it.
ttei she should he in America. Now, ! say, I
utterly refn?e to recognise any such right!"
Ho said thia in peit?et sincerity, for, io the
then position of the parties, no iiuoh right existed,
lie had examined the point attentively, before
he went Ifceve. But it was quite ss well for
Ifldrsd that they were not just then in
Charleston
??You will, however," observed Leonard,
11 transfer all your rights to the party who is,
all uuiw'sinod yon tu say, about to become a
purchaser of my property."
" Undoubtedly," answered Polligrioi, work
ing Ml Sogers unoomfi rtably at tbe table,
wfioh they eimpH to he trying to clutch;
'hat that is only the law. I have nothing to
do With that. I ha*c aaasntsJ a* property,
what the lav deolsaes to be property; aud
frlMtunr rights Mm law gives me. I transfer
with the property in virtue of whioh those
rights exist."
! Good elavebolding logic thin, though Gattano
wan do slaveholder; find Leonard could not
controvert it.
" But, Monsieur," resumed the attorney, " 1
am a man, and I have a conscience; aud there
fore I have oome to submit to you a proposi
tion that may possibly nieot the difficulty in
1 whioh you are placed. In a word, I ee<- that
by foreclosing this mortgage, and disposing of
the property to the party we have alluded to, '
your honorable intentions towards the credit
ors of the Ontate?or let me say, more correct
ly, the creditor?will be defeated, and also
your benevolent views with respect to tho clave*
on the plantation. I know your sentiment*,
Monsieur Wray, and honor them. You do not
desiro the mortgage to be foreclosed, because
you know it will cause muoh misery, the sepa
ration of families, and possibly consign your
slaves to somo harsh master. I repeat, Mon
sieur, I honor those noble sentiments ; and the
proof is, that if you will merely lodge this
mortgago doed in my hands, as a collateral se
curity, 1 will accept your own personal bond
for the amount of Monsieur Aveling'rf claim."
1'akon by surprise -by so unexpected an an
nouncement, no wonder Leonard impulsively
gracped the long, wiry fingers, unable to utter
a word of acknowledgment, and that Mildred
sobbed till the hot, joyful tears, relieved her
over-charged heart. Grit alone stood unmov
ed, ohietiy because ho did not understand the
cause of this sudden ohange, and partly be
oause he was not particularly impressionable.
" Say nothing, say nothing, Monsieur Wray,"
remarked tho attorney, rising and taking his
hat. " You have a fortnight to consider of my
proposal. Till then, we will leave matters as
they are. Mademoiselle, I am your very hum
ble servant. Monsieur," to Grit, speaking
now in English, " 1 have the pleasure to make
you my bow."
Ho would not wait to hear what Leonard
wished to say, but hurried out, leaving him on
the landing, still begging him to remain and
receive his thanks. And so the wob was *pun.
For the National Bra.
AN EVENING KEVEKIE.
BY MARY CI.EMMKR AMES.
This they call a Winter night,
But it does not seem like one ;
For tie kisses of the sun
Still are lingering, warm aud meek,
On the ruddy, burning cheek
Of the blushirg Western sky.
Softly up the deep on high,
Sails the Moon, the bride of night,
Clothed in vostments pure and white.
O'er yon battlement afar,
Leans the peerless evening star ;
Softly waves her golden hair,
On the bosom of the air;
Brightly gleams her jewelled crown,
As she leans a-gazing down,
From that terrace in the sky.
Star of night! thy flashing eye
Wakes the throb of strong desires;
Stirs again the smothered Ares,
Song once kindled in my breast,
Till they burn, and cannot rest.
Not where gleam the village lights,
Not with these poor village sights,
Will my wandering spirit stay ;
Far away it soars, away!
Here I stand on Danube's plain,
'Mid tho fallen, 'inid the slain.
See, the fierce Turk's flashing sword ;
Hear, the fearful battle word?
Look! the gathering ranks they come !
Not a heart beats now for home,
Not a hearj breathes forth a sigh,
For the loved for whom they'd die.
Every passion of the breast,
Lives in this, whioh knows no rest,
As it breathes the fearful cry,
f Give us death or victory !"
See, the snow grows red with gore;
See how fast they fall and die;
Wounded, gasping, dead they lie;
Yet I hear the fearfal cry,
" Give us death or liberty?"
'Mid the dying, 'mid the slain,
On the distant battle plain,
Not alone, I hear the cry,
"Give us freedom, or we die."
No, in this my own bright land,
Here, where Freedom's spotless hand
Reared the shrin*s of liberty.
Here, I listen to that ery;
Here I hearken to the moans.
To the sobs, the prayers, the groans,
Of the slaves who pray to God,
As they bleed beneath the rod.
Here are m?n of craven hearts,
Men of treacherous, subtle arts,
Men who act a traitor's part,
Who, at base Ambition's mart,
Fain would sell this blood-bought land?
Give it to the Oppressor's hand.
Not content that bondman sigh,
Toil, and weep, and bleed, and die,
In the South, they'd spread the pall
Of oppression over all?
They would have its dark folds rest
O'er the fair, untrodden West.
Tell mi, shall this ever be '
That my mournful ryes shall see
Slavery's Upas shed its light
O'er thi^t Eden of delight ?
Where those radiant heavens beam,
Where those silver rivers gleam,
Oo those green and snnny plains,
Shall tae stave hew down in chains7
Men of valor, men of might,
Ye who wrestle for the right,
Ray that" this shall never be."
Join the strife for liberty,
Till glad hymns of victory,
Till the pecan? of the free,
From the darkest spots of earth,
Rise to hail bright Freedom's birth !
KnowletviUe, N. Y., 1854.
Q^-H. M. AidUon, a worthy man and
sealou* and efficient laborer in the tcmperanoe
otaM, who has of la*e year* conducted a Tem
perance paper at Cleveland, Ohio, hat thereby
become no deeply embarrassed that hla friend*
have found it necessary to oome to hie aid, by
making contributions of from five to one hun
dred dollars, to ware him from total pecuniary
ruin. This th?y have done as far aa they were
able, bat they dwire furthor aid to the extent
of 91,000, and ask such ai are disposed to
? unite with them to communicate with T. C.
Sev^tacee, Esq., Cashier of the Canal Bank at
, Cleveland.
A Goon SaKTiMtur.?A Baltimore corres
pondent of the National Era aptly says:
" ff the Union is to be preserved, which God
grant it may, to be worth preserving, it most
be a Union of free men with free principles,
and a corresponding practice. ' Faith without
works ie dead.'"
(jy A French war steamer arrived at Nor
folk on Wednesday morning, the 19 th, from
Havana. She brings intelligence that the
whole French fleet, consisting of six or seven
v?sis, may he expected there in a few days,
to repair and refit.
[yjr- Mr. Jams* Elliott Is authoriiedto receive
and receipt for iubscriptionn and advertMemenu tor
the Dally ;in<l Ibe Woekly National Eia, in Ciaoiu
! nftti and vicinity.
1 WASHINGTON, 1). C.
THURSDAY, JULY 20, 1854.
VIKGIKIA.
I hero is ft spirit of inquiry abroad in Vir
ginia, from which wo antioipate good reaulte.
Amid ftll the rant and declamation with which
the press and politicians are inundating the
pooplo on the fruitful themes of " Southern
Rights," and the beauties of the peculiar insti
tution, thera is evidently a strong and growing
under-current of thought, which points to the
true source of the political and social evils and
embarrassment*) of the South. It is only yes
terday that we felt called upon to expose the
baseless grounds on which the Itithmond ift
,jutrer congratulated its readers on tbe posses
sion of tbe institution of Slavery. We might
have saved ourtelvos the trouble. The same
paper, as well as the Examiner and Whig,
have teemed with articles for a week past,
which exhibit the ignoranoe and poverty of the
State in the strongest light, and point to the
free States as affording examples ot well-di
rected industry, and consequent wealth, in or
der to awaken the emulation of the people.
They have not hesitated to tell the truth,
though not the whole truth. Whether they
imagine the GoddofS to be deformed, and ap
prehend that an exhibition of her in a Btate of
nudity might frighten away her worshippers,
or whether it is feared that her bright
ness might dazzle the eyes, we are unable to
?ay. Certain it is, they deem it expedient to
dipguiee her fair proportions. Of this wo make.
no complaint. In tbe present feverish and ex
oited state of the Southern mind, it is perhapB
well to insinuate truth through the modium of
a press in sympathy with the people, yet suffi
ciently enlightened to peroeivo the neoeBsity of
some radical ohango of policy. ??
Among the hopeful indications of a return
ing sense of reason in Virginia, is . a long Re
port, made to a publio meeting, which we find
in the three leading papers of Riohmond, and
which we presume will be 'generally copied by
the press of the State. The meeting took plaoe
in Buckingham, an interior oounty. The Re
port is said to be from the pen pf Colonel Hub
bard, whom the Examiner pronounces "a
model old Virginia gentleman." The follow
ing paragraph pets forth the object of the
meeting, and is followed up by a large mass
of statistics, intended to show the value of
commerce and manufactures, and illustrative
of tbe poverty and ignoranco of the slavehold
ing States:
?' Whereas this State has undertaken, and
partly perfected, the greater portion of her ex
tensive Bystem of internal improvement: In
1853 we had in operation 624 miles of rail
road, and 610 miles in course of construction :
Our'canals, though unfinished, are of great
value and extent: Those improvements were
not projected with a view alone of affording
faoiftties in getting our own productions to
market, or of inviting within our borders the
produciions of neighboring States; but the
great controlling motives were, to develop the
resources of tho State, to enlarge our com
merce, and to increase our shipping, by aug
menting our exports and imports. Thus our
system of improvements was designed to ad
vance all the great interests of the Stato. The
development of our agricultural and mineral
wealth has heretofore baen our ohief consider
ation. But our commeroial and shipping in
terests are of equal importance, and cur im
Erovements are so far advanced, that it now
ecomes us to use our best efforts to givo an
impulso to them/*
The Report quotes the tables faorn the Cen
sus, in which is set forth the value of land in
tho several States, 4 as illustrative of the en
riching tendency of commerce." This table
shows an average valuo of $25 35 per acre in
the "commercial States," and of only S5.46
in tho agricultural States. Tho latter are all
slaveholding, the former all free, except Lou
isiana and Maryland; which, by tho way, are
the lowest in the corassercial list, eioept Michi
gan, a now State.' Upon this table the Report
comments at length, and makes numerous
comparisons of free with slave States, (Jesig
nating them as commercial and agricultural.)
greatly to the disadvantage of the latter.
Next ccnies a statement of bank capital and
cirouUtion, from the report of the Sooretary of
tho Treasury, exhibiting, of course, a contrast,
very disadvantageous to the South. Tbe wri
ter observes: "Our existing commeroial de
pendence upon the North has converted our
b,inks from independent State institut ons into
provincial banks, because they are, by the
laws of oommerce, appendages to Northern
trade, worked as auxiliaries during its flood
tide, and as subordinates required to bear an
undue proportion of all money pressures.-'
After extended comments in tbe same vein
upon banks and kindred topics, the writer
gives a table of exports and imports, with a
view of showing the backwardness of tbe agri
cultural or slave States. He argues justly,
that the exportation are the natural basis of
foreign trade, and that since the South or agri
cultural seotion makes the exports, it should
make the import* also, to a great extent.
Then follows the tables of tonnage of tho
several States, showing equally to the disad
vantage of the agricultural, or slavo States?
this, notwithstanding tho fact that the South
abounds in tbe best lambor, which is growing
ncaroe in the North.
Tbe Report winds up with a string of patri
otic Resolutions, in which the members of tho
meeting declare their purpose to patronise Vir
ginia importers, Virginia mechanics, and Vir
ginia literature, in preference to that of all
other oonntries. The latter, in partioular, i*
tbe hardest penance which the Report enj'rins,
and may be oalled the " self-denying ordi
nance.''
A serios of articles in the Enquirer, signed
" A Farmer," advances visws and presents facte
similar to those of the Report, and the edito
rial* of the Richmond papers appear to en
| dorse them heartily. We regard it as a hope
ful sign of the times The speoious falsifications
of fact by which El wood Fisber for s time de
ceived the South, are now seen hi their trno
light, and are openly discarded. It istrne that
in moments of intense seetional bitterness tho
editors and orators of the South fall baok upon
Fisher's fallacies, but the comet now sets in
au oppoute direction: and intelligent men u:e
coming to f?ee that it it) Lett to publish the
plain truth to the people. 11 they oover it over
with the veil of error, utill the solid eubstanoe
beneath cannot fail to make itself felt. To
admit and expose in detail the ignoranoe, pov
erty, and inferiority of the South in all the art*
and comforts of life, compared with the North,
and to impute such results to anything el he
than Slavery, will deceive the common sense of
nobody?at leant, no eomiiunity. G.
COKOIXM.
In the Senate, to-day, the bill to eatisfy the
creditors of Texas van postponed, and the
Homestead bill was taken up and debated,
chiefly on a motion to postpone it until the
second Monday in December.
In the House, a message from the President,
with the accompanying correspondence of our
Commissioner with the Government of China,
1 was referred and ordered to be printed. After
somo time spent in desultory debate, upon sev
eral propositionH, the debate upon the Army
Appropriation bill was rc,8tirucd and oontinued
in Committee of the Whole.
HON. Mtt. GILLETTE.
We rogrefc the necessity that has compelled
us to delay the publication of the speech of
this gentleman, a part of which wo this day
publish. After perusing it, every candid reader
will acknowledge that Mr. Toucey has, in bis
own conduct, afforded the most ample testi
mony to the hollowness and hypoorisy of the
plea of " Popular Sovereignty," advanced by
him and the other contemners of the popular
will.
An Important Enterprise.?We regret
that we have not Bpace for the prospectus, an
nouncing that the Executive Committee of the
Now York State Temperance Society bavo
prepared a series of twelve traotB, adapted to
the present nocetwities of the Temperanco
cause, which they desire to place in the hands
of every family in the State, previous to tho
November clootion. The series will be enoloBed
in paokages, containing one of each; and for
ty-two of these packages, making 504 traots,
or 2,016 pages, will be wrapped in a bundle,
and sent, poet paid, to any part of the United
Statep, for one dollar. They are not local in
their character, but are adapted to every lati
tude that is cursed with the liquor traffio; and
it is hoped that their circulation will bo as
general as the evil they aim to remedy.
Naturalization.?Orestes A. Brownsor,
the Human Catholic journalist, is said to have
come out in favor of what is called Nativ
ism;" but the Pilot, a Roman Catholio news
paper, appears to hava preceded him by the
publication of the following paragraph:
" Would it not be well to naturalizo all re
spectable Catholic emigrants as soon as the
laws will permit, and tken, in order to chcok
mate the German, French, Italian, and Irish,
imported radicals and anarchists, to ogree to
an alteration of the naturalization laws f '
Q3?"" Tho lifeless body of Mrs. Reed was
yesterday found in the canal in this city. Sho
had left an almost wholly illegible note, to ox
plain the causo of her desperation and suicide
Her husband is a stono-outter, and she had
kept a boarding-house. If we have heard cor
rect accounts of thiB affair, the fate of thia
poor woman demands our deep sympathy,
and the ciroumstanoes loading to it should ex
cite the hearty indignation of every kind and
generous man.
Thomas Francis Meagher, of the Citi
zen, assailed James A. McMaster, of the hrte
matit Journal, in the public streot, in New
York, on Tuesday last. McMaHter, who got
all tho bruiser, fired a single shot at his assail
ant, but without effect. Both wero held to
bail. The provocation was a personal attack
upon Meagher, in the oolumns of the Journal.
q^?A school of superior claims to the con
fidence of parents, in which children and
youth of both sexes will be received and edu
cated, has boon established at Porth Amboy,
New Jersey. It will commence a sessiou on
the first of Ociobar. Address Theodore D.
Weld, Belleville, New Jersey.
The rumored defalcation of the Presi
dent of a Boston bank, as montioncd by a
New York paper, for S70,000, is pronounced
untrue.
Marshal Gallagher arretted at Cleve
land, on Tuesday. Charles Lamartine, a wealthy
Frenchman, and keeper of a saloon, (^roggory,
we suppose) It is alleged that ho has been
engaged for several years in manufacturing
and vending American quarters, and counter
feiting two-dollar bills of the bank at Pots
dam ______
(jy Two men were arrested in Baltimore,
yesterday, and held to answer, for beating thoir
wiv?* Their names are Martin Bock and
William Donohue. Have they in Baltimore a
punUhmcnt adequate to the case ?
03^- The " Establishment^' of the Smithso
nian Institution met on Saturday last; present
all the members eave the Chief Justice of the
| United States and the Mayor of Washington.
Ths President of the United States presided
over the meeting. The usual election of an
honorary member was postponed to the next
app intod meeting, Oatober 31st. The Sccie
tsrj's report was received and read ? Int.
Volunteers. ? The New \ ork National
Democrat says:
* We understand that a full-dressed and ap
parently well drilled corps of negroes was out
some few days since, numbering about seventy
muske1*. They wore accompanied by one of
the whi-e bands."
IwniANA.?Hon. Smith Miller, one of the fol
lowers cf Douglas from this State, has been
nominated for re-oleotion.
A Nkoro Patriot.?The Charleston Met
cury of a late date, chronicles thedeathin
that city, on the 17th inst, of "Captain W.I
liamson,' a fiea man of oolor, at the great age
of on? hundred and thirteen year* j 'n
i long life of industry, be accumulated a suffl
: cient fortune for the comfortable support of
j h<m?elf and wife. The latter survive him,
being over eighty years of age. ' hs\ Mrrturm
says of the Captain, that, "during the war of
the Revolution, be asmsted in throwing up the
lines fir the defence of the eity, (Charleston,)
and was an ardent lorn of his oountry.
m CONNECTICUT ON THE NKBBA8XA BILL.
I SPEECH OF HON. Mil GILLETTE, OP CONN.
In the Senate, July 6, 1854.
Mr. GILLETTE. Mr. President, I present
to the Senate a acriea of resolutions which have
been passod by tbo Legislature of Connecticut.
| I ask that they may ba read, laid upon the
table, and printed.
The Secretary read the resolutions, and the
Senate was addressed by Mr. Toocir.
Mr. GILLETTE. Mr. President: I fe#l deep
ly embarrassed in appearing before the S bo ate
in a position of unavoidable antagonism to my
honorable colleague ? but under a cense of duty
to the State wh:ch i have the honor in part
to represent, I must ask the indulgence of the
Senate a few momenta, while I notice some of
the remarks which have fallen from hia lips
on this occasion. As antipodal as are our re
spootive positions on lho great question of the
age and country, I trust that, for the honor of
our common State and the dignity of the Sen
ate, we may always be on terms of kindly in
tercourse. I do not intond, on account of any
contrariety of opinions, to beoomo unmindful
of tho courtesies and propriotiod which appro
priately belong to Senatorial no Ices than to
civilized life.
I do not rise, bit, with any wish or intention
of invalidating anything that my honorable
colleague has offered, any further than he has
implicated others in his defence So fur from
it, I am willing, nay, doeirous, that he should
have tho full benefit of ail ho can say, legiti
mately, in extenuation of his course. 1 have
no heart to aggravate, by any word or deed of
mine, tho embarrassments of his position; and
had he conducted his defence without assail
ing the honor of our oommon State, which, it
seems to me, wo are alike interested to preserve
and defend, I should have been silent.
But, sir, I feci that tho charaotcrof the State
of Connecticut is deeply involved, and I should
be lalso to my convictions of duty and derelict
to that good old Commonwealth, if I should sit
mute and pasaivo when her honoris assailed
that Stato which stood second only to Massa
chusetts in the revolutionary struggle?that
State whose history is radiant with so muny
illustrious names, and which has been a human
hive, sending fjrth swarms of her adventurous
and cultivated children, to lay the social found
ations of new regions, and mould their insti
tutions by odiication, virtue, and freedom?that
State, of which tho greit historian, Bancroft,
a citizen of Massachusetts, has said:
'? I here is no Siate in the Union, and I know
not any in tho world, in whose early history,
if 1 wore a citizen, I could find more of which
to bo proud, and less that 1 should wish to
blot"
That State, sir, to which the late Mr. Cal
houn, in a spetoh delivered on this floor, in
February, 1847, said, with a magnanimity
worthy of his great name:
"It is owing mainly to the States of Connec- j
ticut and Now Jareey, that we have a Federal \
instead of a National Government?the best
Government instead of tho worst and mcst in
tolerable on earth. Who are the men of these
States to whom we are indebted for this excel
lent form of Government? 1 will name them
their names ought to be written on brass, and
live forever. They were Chief Justice Ellsworth
and Roger Sherman, of Connecticut, and Judge
t'atterson, of New Jersey. The other States
further south were blind ; tbny did not see the
future. But to the ooolness and sagacity of
these three men, aided by a few others not so
prominent, do we owe the present Constitu
tion."
Vou will exouso mo. then, sir, for indulging
a little State pride, and feeling Bcmowhat sen
sitive when the honor of that Stato is assailed.
I shall detain tho Senate but a few moments.
I shall not enter into abstract questions, or
indulge in pettifogging subtleties; but f-hall
only attempt to disubuse the character of the
S;ate of the aspersions which have been cast
upon it, that it may bhino forth in its native
effulgence.
It may not be unprofitable, in the first place,
to inquire, what is the cause of tho disagree
ment between my honorable colleague and the
State which wo represent? Why has this un
happy difference, to use no stronger term.
arisen between a sovereign State and one of
its representatives on this floor ? It is one of
the bitter fruits of the latest great peace meas
ure which was to settle all agitation for all
timo in this country. It had its origin in the
overthrow of tho Missouri Compromise. This
is the pestilent box out of whioh it sprang. I
will state tho facte as briefly as possible in re
lation to this matter.
Toe proposition to violate the publio faith
by the abrogation of that Compromise, thus
breaking down tho last barrier against slavery
to all the Territories of the United Sta'es, and
leaving them wide open to its dark inunda
tions?^Territories which had been declared
forever free by what was considered, at the
timo. to te a Bolemn and irrepealable compact
start lei the good*poople of Connecticut from
their t>luml>er? and rallied them to the polls at
their late State election in April, and the bal
lot boxes rang out their indignant11 No." This
was the great issue in that election, and never
was there a political resolution in any State
more oom pie to and signal. It was attended
with no storm of popular excitement. It was
conducted with remarkable moderation and
calmness. Hardly a leaf trembled in the
breexe. It was the uatural, spontaneous op
rising of the people, to avert a great impending
calamity, and save themselves and their coun
try from its disastrous consequences. Outside
of the pale of tho Governmental < flicials, there
was hardly a voioe of dissent. The result sir.
was what we should naturally expect. Both
branches of the Legislature were overwhelm
ingly opposed to the odious measnre. Soon
alter oonvening, early in the month of May
the subject woe brought op, and resolutions
presented, deolaring it to be violativo of tbs
public faith, destructive of mutual oonfidenee.
subversive of the fundamental principles of
natural justice and threatening the stability
of this Government; and they instructed their
Senators, and earnestly requosted their Repre
sentatives, to oppose it by all honorable means
and to the last extremity. These resolutions
passed the House by a vote of nearly three to
one, and in tho Senate with only a single nega
tive. R
Now, I submit to the consideration of honor
able Senators, wh.ther there was ever a fairer
fuller, more explicit and authoritative expre*
sion of the popular sentiment of any State, any
where, at any time, on any question ? The
Legislature expressed tho sentiments of the
people of Connecticut on that momentous ques
Uon. There was hardly a disoordant note from
any quarter of the State. These resolutions
duly forwarded to Congro* The di ead
ed Kill soon oame from the Houer. with an
amendment, for tho final aotion of tho Senate
and what did my honorable colleagoo ? It is
known lo the Senate and the country On the
memorable night of the final vote, a few mo
ments l^fore the question was put, he arose in
his seat, with characteristic deliberation, and
informc'l the Senate that be was under instruc
tions to vote against the bill, but he had deter
nurfed to disobey the instructions of an Aboli
aT /, Legislature, and vote for the bill
A beautiful exjsjsition of the doctrine of "popu
lar sovereignty," by one of its distinguished
advocates! Hardly had the last word for popu
lar sovereignty in Kansas and Nobraska died
away upon his lip-*, before ho arises in the
i enato Chamber, tho popular ftovareign
ty of his own State as an Abolition Whig sov
ereignty, and assunios autooratie sovereignty
in opposition and defianoe of the popular sov
ereignty.
This, Mr. President, is a simple and unvar
nished statement of the case. Never was there
a fuller, fairer, more explicit and authoritative
expression of the popular will; and I leave it
for others to Bay whether there ever was a
mure audacious and oontemptuous violation of
j public sentiment.
Insomuch as the good old Demoorutio doo
[ triuo of the obligation of the representative to
obey the will of his constituent*, has been dis
honored, I have nothing to say. 1 leave the
i honorable Senator with Jefferson and hii con
I stituente.
But my honorable colleague has eeen fit to
i take sanctuary in certain other acts of the
Legislature, some of which he gravely says they
did pass, and some of which he also says they
i did not paeg; thus arraigning the Legislature of
Connecticut before the Senate, not ouly for
sins of commission, but also for Bins of omis
sion. Now, sir, I am unable to see the perti
nency of these matters to the question before
us?bow the cnaotment or non-enactment of
good or bad laws by tho sovereign authority of
a State, can justify its representative in diso
beying positive instructions to vote against a
bad law here in the Senate, unloss it hus come
to pacs in there lattor times that, contrary to
Scripture, the eervant is greater than hiB mas
ter. 1 am yot to learn whether the Legislature
of Connecticut is guilty of wrong-doing fur en
acting Buch laws as ic in its wisdom thought
best.
Tho honorable gentleman has commented
upon some acts which the Legislature did not
enact, aud upon eome which they did, among
which be g>?ve particular prommencc to an
" Act for tho dffjnee of liberty." Tbia, in his
judgment, conflicts with tho Fugitive Aot, lor
the safety of which he is alarmed. Now, sir,
I would not do the injustice to my honorable
olleaguo to compare myself with him in legal
science ; but 1 have given some attention to the
law to which he has taken exception, since I
paw it heralded through the country as "nulli
fication," and I have not been able to discover
anything in it that seeds to oxoite the appre
hensions of tho most vigilant sentinels of tho
Fugitive Act. I have cjnsultcd several emi
nent civilians in relation to it, all of whom
have assured me that it conflicts with no law
cf tho United States. And 1 think 1 can safe
ly challenge those who assort to the contrary
to produco the proof.
[to bk concluded to-mohkow.]
SPAIN.
General O'Donnel, the reported leader of the
revolutionary party in Spain, was once the
Captain Geueral of Cuba; and, if wo orr not,
his feelings toward the United States are not
of a character to give encouragement to the
idea of the possession of Cuba, should ho come
into power.
The accountB of this movement reoeived by
the Niagara are contradictory and unsatisfac
tory.
From tho statements published by tho Gov
ernment, in the accounc of their defeat, the
insurgents numbered 7,000, of which 2 000
were cavalry. Tho insurrection is as yet en
tirely among the military, who demand the
immediate dismissal of the Ministry and the
Qaeen's favorites.
Great anxiety is felt as to the part that
Generals Narvaez and Sereno will take. It is
considered on all hands that the insurrection
is formidable, and it depends upon accident
whether tho insurgents or the royalists are
triumphant.
ITALY.
Letters front Italy say that the allianco of
Austria with France and England has greatly
dampened the prospects of the revolutionary
party in Lombardy and the Roman States.
This should have been looked for. The
friends of freedom hoped for an opportunity of
making a successful dcm< nstration duriug the
great struggle in the East; but, whenever the
Governments of Europo are acting in concert,
the people of Burope aro likely to suffer.
ALL GOES WELL DT IOWA!
The elections are to be beld next month.
"The citizens of Winneshiek county met at
Deoorah Jjly 4. The Nebraska iniquity was
strongly condemned. Philip Morse presided.
Winneshiek county has been organised only
three years, has a population ot 6 000 souls,
and oan, at the least possible estimation, poll
600 votes at the approaching election.
'? At a meeting of the Whigs of Polk county,
at Fort Dos Moines, reocntly, resolutions were
adopted approving the platform of the 8t?te
Convention, and endorsing the nominees of the
State ticket. Special attention wm paid to the
case uf Messrs. Dodge. Jones, & Co.
" la Delaware and Buchanan counties,
Whigs, Democrats, and Free-Soilers united in
the nomination of an anti-Nebraska Union
candidate f>r representative to the Legiblature,
rhomas A. Turner.
'? A Democratic anti Nebraska meeting has
been hold at Burlington. Anti-Nebraska reso
lotions were adopted by the Linn County Dtm
ooratic Convention for the nomination of county
offioers."
A writer to the Tribune, from Davenport,
a:
* There is a cheering prospect of viotory next
month, which will lay Augustus Keen Dodge
(oow in the United States Senate) in his poliii
oal coffin. He vot?d to make slavery possible
in Kansas and Nebraska, and, by his pander
ing to the South, is regarded as a mere tool in
Congres?. The people are disgusted with the
franked speeches with which he loadd the
mail*; and, if men do not find their way to the
Legislature by oonoealing their opinions, he is
doomed.
"Senator Preston, an able Democrat, who
will have a vote in the case, is his foe in ad
vance.
'? The Loo County Democracy have nomina
ted a ticket adverse to him; and we are told
that Gove, of Iowa Citv, nominatod as his snp
porter, is againtt the Nebraska bill, and docs
not conceal his opposition to Dodge.
"Wo have strong hopes of tho election of
Thofington and Clark to Congress. G. W.
Grimes, in his canvas* of the State for Govern
or, is making a decided impression."
AUSTRIA AND THE 1URKISH PROVINCES
The news from Europe contradiot* ihe state
ment so positively made, that Russia liad en
tirely evaouated the Turkish Principalities on
the Dannbo. She withdraws her troopH.it ap
pears, from Wallachia, leaving the Danube
open to Austrian commeroe, but retains pos
ccssion of Moldavia, which runn northward, a
sort of peninsula) far into the RufKian empire
So far ae the evacuation has taken place, it
seems, strangely enough, to have been in oom
? pliauce with the ?nmmoM of Austria, as if the
; two countries were yot on terms of good noigh
, borhood.
Beyond this oonoession to the domands of
Austria, which is all that he considers to be
reasonable, the C?ar refuses to go. He if will
ing to divide the spoil# of tho war. Take WaM
lachia and the Danube, he sajs to Austria; 1
will content myself wifn Moldavia and the
Pruth.
We shall see whether Austria will attempt
i to drive the Russians from Moldavia. To us
it appears much more likely that ebe will be
aatitnad with what Russia so liberally allows
bor. The new arrangement places Wallachia
beyond the power of the French and English
to recover for Turkey. It is an much severed,
for aught weoan see, from the Turkish empire,
as if it had still remained io the possesion of
Russia, and in all probability will nover be re
stored.? N. Y. Eoe. Post.
CONGRESS.
THIRTY-THIRD CONGRESS?FIRST BKSSION.
In the Senate, after our report oloscd yes
terday,
Mr. Clayton, iut a test question on' tho Home
stead bill, moved to lay it on the table; and it
was decided in the negative, as follows:
Yxas?Mssara Badger, Bayard, Benjamin,
Brodhead, Butter, Clay, Clayton, Dawwn,
Dixon, Evanp, Portt'ndou, Fibh, Fit*pat rick,
Foot, Houston, Hunter, Mallory, Mason, Ntfr
ris, Pearce, Pratt, Thompson of Keutucky,
Toombs, and Toucey?24
Nays?Messrs. Adams, Allen, Atohidoo, Hell,
Bright, Brown, Cosh, Chase, L)odg<> of Wis
consin, Dodge of Iowa, Douglas, Geyer, Gil
lette, Gwin, James, Johnson, Jones of Iowa,
Jones of Tennessee, Petti t, Rockwell, Sebas
tian, Shields, Slidell, Stuart, Sumner, Walkfer,
and Wcller?27.
Senate, Thursday, July 20, 1854.
Mr. Stuart introduced a joint resolution cm
firming certain entrias and locations of i*ili
tary land warrautain Mich'gan.
The resolution was explained and passed,
v The Chair laid before the Senate a commu
nication from the Treasury Department in ro
sponee to a resolution of the Senate calling for
information respecting the marine hospitals in
the United States. Referred and ordered to
be printed.
Mr. Badger's resolution rescinding tho rule
that requires Friday of eaoh week to bo devo
ted to (he consideration of private bill-, was
taken up and adopted.
Mr. Hunter moved that tho Sonato proceed
to the consideration of tho civil and diplomatic
appropriation bill.
Mr. Gwin urged that tho Homestead be
taken up, and that it bo disposed of iu ono
way or another.
After some further debate, Mr. Huator with
drew his motion.
The Senate thc-n proceeded to considor the
bill for the satisfaction of tho claiir.s of the
creditors of the late Republic of Texas.
After some debate, tho bill was postponed.
The Sonate, on motion by Mr. Walker, pro
ceeded to consider the bill granting a home
stead of one hundred and sixty acres to actual
settlers.
The question ponding was on the amend
ment proposed by Mr. Mason, excepting from
the operations of the act the land northwest of
the river Ohio, and ceded to tho United States
by the Commonwealth of Virginia, for tho pur
poses of the general welfare of tho United
States.
Mr. Mason supported it, and Mr. Badger
opposed it.
Air. Toucey opposed the bill.
Mr. Bayard then moved that the bill be
postponed to, and made the special order for,
the Bcoond Monday in Docember next.
The motion to postpone was debated at
length; Messrs. Bayard, Butler, Badger, Gwin,
Clayton, and Dixon, in support of it, and
Messrs. Stuart, Walker, and Brown, in opposi
tion to it.
House of Representatives, July 20, 1854.
The Speaker Btated that tho first question
in order was a motion to lay on the table a
motion to reconsider the vote by which tho
bill to ohango the newspaper postage regula
tions bad been laid on tho table?upon which
motion the yeas and nays had been ordered.
Mr. Wheeler withdrew these motions.
Mr. Jones, of New York, by consent, re
ported back from the Post Office Committer
the Senate bill for the relief of Thomas C.
Nyo, a mail contractor, with a recommenda
tion that it pass; and it was road twice, and
committed to the Committee of tho Whole.
Mr. J.>nes, of Now York, from the Comuuttco
on the Poet Office and Post Roads, asked that
that committee be discharged from the further
consideration of several memorials asking do
nations of publio lands, to aid in the construc
tion of certain railroad', t3 bo used as mail
routes, upon oertain prescribed terms; and
that they bo referred to the Committee on tho
Publio Lands.
Mr. Olds defended the propriety of tho for
mer reforenoo.
Mr. Letcher and other gentlemen rustainnd
the application of Mr. Jones; and a protracted
debate followed, in which the facts were devel
oped that the memorials were of as recent date
as the 17tb of July ; and that the opportunity
for the Committee on Public Lands to make a
report had passed by. It ep^eured to be honco
inferred, by the om>cneut? of the former rrfer
em e, that that reference was an adroit expedi
ent to get the memorial and the b<ll dosirod by
the memorialists before the House.
Mr. Hunt addrsjod the H..use on the sub
ject, and, though his constituents were inter
ested in the success of some of the meu-ures
urged by the memorialists, he thought tho ref
erence to the PustOffi '.c Committee was irregu
lar; that oonfl.cting action would ensue there
upon, and that the direct was the only wiito
policy.
A me*8sge was received from the President,
transmitting, in response to a resolution of tho
House, the correspondence cf the oomm'uvaon
er of this Government with the Government
of China.
The morning hour having expired, the abovo
subjcct was passed over, and
Mr. Oids, from the Post Office Committee,
reported the usual bill establishing post rout*#,
and attempted to make a statement in regard
to it, when
Mr. Jones, of Tennessee, objected.
Mr. Olds thereupon wished to withdraw the
report; to which
Mr. Jones, of Tennessee, objected.
A number of cor,Hioung motions were mado
by several gentlemen ; and, finally, one by Mr.
Vventworth, of Illinoi*, to recommit tho bill,
was pending, when
The House resolved itself into Committao of
tho Whole on the state of tho Union, and re
mimed the consideration of the Army Apjrro
priation bill, (Mr. Wrigh', of Pennsylvania, in
the chair)
The debate in Committee related to tho pro
posed sals to tho city of St. Louis, for the pur
posts of a park, of the United States property
upon which tho arsenal near th it city is lo
o?ted.
Mr. McMullcn opposed the proposition, on
the gionnd that tho property was worth more
than the sum proposed.
Mr. Bishop Perkins said be did not oare to
demand the utmost farthing for tho value o(*
the land. The city of St. Louis contained one
hundred thousand inhabitants. In half a cen
tury it would contain halt a million. It was a
glorious thing to aid that oity in providing a
vast park witnin its limits. Publio lands were
disposed of for lens worthy purposes, without
strict reference to the price rcoeivod.
In reply to a question, Mr. Perkins said that
if he knew the land to bo woTth half a million,
he would vote for giving )t to the oity of St.
Louis for one-fourth of a million.
The amendment proposed by Mr. Benton,
Igranting the land to St. Lotus lor ? quarter of
a million was substituted, on motion of Mr.
Preston, by Mi amendment directing the salo of
the property at publio auction , which was
finally agreed to by tho Committee, and ordered
to be reported lo the Houn.

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