Daily national Republican. [volume], October 27, 1865, SECOND EDITION, Image 1

About Daily national Republican. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1862-1866

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TJULE NATIONAL KKl'UBLlCAfl
XkTU OF ADVKTISIJta.
Ouiiun, ATM .JI. ...... 11.00
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altltleul. Tw1. WHk a4TanUra.au, It
ywntk aJiUloaal.
Editorial notice! 30 e.ata p.r lint, tuh lnwr.
tlon. Local noUdM 10 emu par lln, ,aeh ln.r
tl.n.
JUf kl Him or Wss msitltiU swart.
AftT.rtls.mMU Mould b. kdd la br twalTl
o'clock, m.
UftiljjJWtfiwl mqntblktttt
TIIE NATIONAL REPUBLICAN
sSs
TBI BAILT jUTIOjTAX. KlTTlUCi
ribUaaasl every aTUraoea (Sundays axeetUd)
Jt KretAflX A Oe., , all jTUU slree
and fafarmlsae U oar nbeerlbfra (by earlier
at 0 tent per saeath,
KaU nbeertben, W.00 per aaiami 910
six Mentha, and $1. 00 tot three taosUha,
Uy U ad vans.
Hug w eopies, 3 seats.
Til WlIILT irATTOVAL Simuaii Is tttb
VOL. V.
WASHINGTON, J). C. FRIDAY EVENING, OCTOBEit 27. 1865.
llaaed every Friday morning i One copy one
NO. 288.
jmr,iA.w; rnrse eopies one year, ew.w, ash
copies one year, $10.00.
HAIXHOAB.
"nALTIMORE AND OHIO RAILROAD.
Wishuotok, Mar 1, 1891
Tralna bflKiei IVASIUNQTUN and DALTI
MOKE, inJ WAsniHOTON AND TUB WE8T,
aro now ran a follows, tIi l
roll BALTIMORE.
Lro dally, oznpt Sunday, at 0 19, 8 IS, and
11.10 a. m , and 3, 4 30, and 0 40 p. m.
FOR AIL WAY STATIONS
Leave dalljr, except Snndajr, at 0 10 a m.and
P FOR PRINCIPAL WAY STATIONS, Till
Bladenilrarg, IlelUTlU., ILanrel, Annapolli
Jonctlon, and llslaT Home, leave at 0 10 and 8 10
a m , and 3 and 4 30 p m. dalljr, except Sunday.
FOR ANNAPOLIS.
Leave at 8. 19 and 8. 10 a. n. , and 3 and 4 30
p tn dally, except Bandar. No train to or from
Annapolli on Sunday.
ON SUNDAY.
FOR BALTIMORE.
Leave at 8.10 and 11.19 a.m. and 3 and 7. 30
V' m' FOR WAY STATIONS.
Leave at 8 18 a. in and 3 pm.
FOR ALL PARTS OF THE WXST.
Leave dally, except Sunday, at 8 10 a m. and
7 30p m.
On Sunday, at 7 30 p. m. only, connecting at
Relay Station with tralna from Baltimore to
Wheeling, Parkerelmrs;, Ac.
Through tickets to the Westeanb. had at the
Washington btatlon Ticket Office at all houri la
the day, aa well aa at the new office In the Amer
lean Telegraph Building, Pennsylvania avenae,
between Four.and-a.balf and Sixth .treats
For New York, Philadelphia, and Bolton, lee
advertisement of "Through Line "
W. P. BMITn,
Master of Transportation.
L M COLE,
General Ticket Agent.
GEO B KOONTZ, Agent,
ocO tf Washington.
N"
OTICE TO SOUTHERN TRAVELERS.
THE OLD AND DIRECT LINE ENTIRELY COM
PLETED. STAOIKO ENTIRELY DISCONTINUED.
00 MILES SHORTER AND 3 HOURS QUICKER
THAN BY ANY OTHER ROUTE.
TWICE DAILY.
On and after MONDAY, BepUmber V, tho old
and favorite line from WASHING rON.tlsFRED
EKICK613URQ, to RICHMOND, will be ran
TWICE DAILY. (8nudny eight excepted,) as fol
low !
The fast and commodious ...earner KEYPORT,
Captain Frank HoIUoBihead.and C.VANDEK
ttlLT.Captalu A. L. Col to ary, will leave the wharf,
foot of Sixth street,Wasbinffton, twice dally,(Suu
day Bight excepted,) at 7 a m , and 8 43 p m ,
arriving at Aqnla Creek by 10 30 a m , and 12 H
E. in, aud thence by the Richmond, Frederick!
urg, and Potomac Railroad, now entirely com
pleted, to Klehrnond.nrrlvtoK there at 2 20 p m ,
and ft 20 a. m , affording ample time for dining In
Richmond, and making connections with the
Richmond and Petersburg Railroad for Peters.
bnrg and points sonth of Petersburg
The steamer leaving Wahlnjrton at 8 43 p m ,
arrives In Richmond at 5 20 a. m , affording am
ple time for breakfast, and connection with the
Richmond and Danville trains for Danville, Va ,
Greensboro', Salisbury, Charlotte, Raleigh,
Ooldsborongh, and Wilmington, a, U , and
Chester. S C.
On SUNDAYS leave WASHINGTON at 7 a. in.
only, and arrive In Richmond at 3 25 p m.
Baggage checked throagh to Richmond from
New York, Philadelphia. Baltimore and Wash
ington, and accompanied by through baggage
masters.
Through tickets from N. York to Richmond $17 00
Phltad'a " 13 60
" " Baltimore " 10 00
" " " Washington " 8 50
" Baltimore to Fred'g.. 6 00
.. (i . Washington " 4 25
SKCOJtD CtASI THBOCUH TICKBTS
crom tTasoiDgiuu iu mcuiuuuu
,.$6 00
.. J 00
Frederic tub urg ....
Can be procured la New York at No 229
i 229 Broad
way, and at Courtland street ferry. In Phila
delphia, at tho depot of the Philadelphia, Wil
mington and Baltimore Railroad Company.Broad
and Prime streets In Baltimore, at the Camden
btatlon of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad Com
pany. In Washington, at theCompany'sofflce,
at the corner of Pennsylvania avenue and blxth
street, and on board the Potomao steamboats.
Passengers leaving lvew York at 7 and 8am.
6 and 7 p m , Philadelphia at llSp m (DAY,)
and 11.11 p.m (NIOIIT.) and Baltimore at 3 30,
4 25, and 0 p.m, 133 and 4 30 a m, arrive In
Washington at 3 20, 5 SO, and 7 41 p m , and 5
and (Jam, In ample time to make connections
for Richmond and the South.
Omnibuses and Baggage Wagone will be In
readiness to convey passengers and baggage be
tween depots in Richmond
Passengers by this Line pass by daylight Mount
Vernon, and may have an opportunity of visiting
several battle-fields near Fredericksburg, by
stopping at that point.
Baggage wilt be checked from NewYork. Phil
adelphia, and Baltimore to Washlngton.where It
will be met by the baggage masters of this lino.
Breakfast and supper on board of steamers
GEO. MATTINOLY, Superintendent,
Washington, D C.
W. D. GILKERSON, Agent,
0C7 Washington, D C.
-piIILADELPHIA, WILMINGTON, AND
JL HALTlAlUiln UAll.UUA.is.
TIME TABLE.
nAtamenclniT MONDAY. December 19th, 1864,
trains will leave depot, comer of Broad street
and Washington avenne, as follows i
KnreiB Train at 4 03 a m . (Mondays ex
cepted,) for Baltimore and Washington, stopping
at Wilmington, Perry vllle, Havre-de-Oraee,
Aberdeen, rerrymans, nu
Way Mall Train at 8 15 a ra , (Sundays ex
cepted,) for Baltimore, stopping at all regular
stations, connecting with Delaware railroad at
Wilmington for MUford, Salisbury, and Interme
diate stations.
Express Train at 1.13 p m., (Snndays ex
eepted,) for Baltimore and Washington, stopping
at Chester, Wilmington, Elkton, Perryvllle,
and Uavre-de-Grace
Express Train at 3.60 P m , (Sundays ex
cepted.) for Baltimore and Washington, stopping
at Wilmington, Newark, Elkton, Northeast,
Perryvllle, Uavre-de-Grace, Ferryman's, and
Magnolia,
Night Express at 11 13 p m , for Baltimore
and Washington, stopping at Cheater, (only to
take Baltimore and Washington pasxengers,)
Wilmington, Newark, Elkton, Northeast, Per
ryvllle, and Havre -de-Grace
Passengers for Fortress Monroe will take the
8. 15 a m train
ACCOMMODATION TRAINS Stopping at all
stations between Philadelphia and Wilmington-Leave
Philadelphia at 11 00 a, m., 4 00, 6,30
andlO 00 p. m. The 4 00 p m train cennects
with Delaware Railroad for MUford and inter
mediate stations.
Leave Wilmington at 7. IS and 9 30 a. m. , 2. 30
and 6 30 p m.
TIIKOUOII TRAINS FROM BALTIMORE
Leave Wilmington at 12 m , 4 21, 8 33 and 9 64
PCHE8TERFORPHILADELPniA Leave Cbes
ter at 8 IS, 10 14 a. m , 1136, 3 13, 4,64, 7.20
and 9. 05 p. m.
SUNDAY TRAINS
Express Train at 4 03 a m for Baltimore and
Washington, stopping at Wllmlugton, Perry
vllle, Uavre-de-Grace, Aberdeeu, Perry man's
and Magnolia.
Night Express at 11 16 p m. for Baltimore
and Washington, stopping at Chenter, (for Balti
more and Washington passengers,) Wilmington,
Newark, Elkton, North-East, Perryvllle and
Havre -de-0 race.
Accommodation Train at 10 p. m. for Wil
mington and Way Stations
BALTIMORE iOR PHILADELPHIA.
Leave Baltimore at 9 23 p m , stopping at
Bavre-de-Grace, Perryvllle and Wilmington
Also stops at Elkton and Newark (to take pas
sengers for Philadelphia and leave panne tigers
from Washington or Baltimore,) and Chester to
leave passengers from Baltimore or Washing
ton. Leave Wilmington for Philadelphia at 6 SO
P FROM BALTIMORE TO PHILADELPHIA.
Leave Baltimore 8 25 a ra , Way Mall, 1 10
p. m.. Express; 4 23 p. ra , Way Train; 6 35
v. m. Express; 9 25 p ra . Express,
r TRAINS FOli BALTIMORE
Leave Chester at 8 57 a m,, 1.60 and 11,60
A AH anrl 12 23 t) m
jruaiuui iiiAiMi " iiMwygB v.t at
tached, will leave Wilmington for Perryvllle
and Intermediate stations at 7. 65 p. m.
..n.m,m lilt) lltf -ll, .a.uanAM ... at
Jul! Uf m, AAiUiAia super uwmae at.
UAIL.nOAU8.
GREAT PENNSYLVANIA ROUTE TO
TX
tt ORTUWEST AND SOUTHWEST.
ON AND AFTER DECEMBER 25, trains will
leave Baltimore, from North Calvert Station, at
follows i
Fast Mail, at.,.,, 9.20 a.m.
Harrlsbnrg Accommodation 3 p.m,
Erie and Pittsburgh Express .... 8 p.m.
Pittsburgh and Elmlra Express 10 p.m.
TIIE 6.13 A. M. TRAIN FROM WASHINGTON
Connects with the 9 20 a. m. train from Bal
timore for Pittsburgh and the West, and
for Elmlra, Buffalo, Rochester, Don
kirk, Canandalgua, and Niagara
Falls, and for New York City.
THE 4 30 P. M. TRAIN FROM WASHINGTON
Connects with the 8 p. m. train from Bal
timore for PHtsbnrfc and Erie.
THE 6 43 P. M. TRAIN FROM WASHINGTON
Connects with the 10 p. m. Express from
Baltimore and runs through to Pitts
burgh and Elmlra, without change
of cars, connecting at Pittsburgh
a for Cincinnati, Chicago, and
St Lonla, and at, Elmlra
for Buffalo, Roches
Iter, and Syracuse,
ONE THROUGH TKAI ON SUNDAY,
Leaving Washington at 8 o'clock p. m.
SLEEPING CARS ON NIOUT TRAINS.
SOLDIias' TlOXBTS AT OOVHSMXXT HATES
LOW FARE AND QUICK TIME.
4For Tickets and any Information apply at
the Office of the Ore at Pennsylvania Route, cor
ner Pennsylvania avenue and Sixth street, under
National Hotel, and Depot House, No. 483 Cstreet,
near New Jersey avenne, Washington.
J. N. DUBARRY,
Superintendent N C.RR,
E J WILKINS,
Passenger and Tleket Agent,
JNO.QILLETT, Passenger Agent,
Corner Sixth street and Pennsylvania avenne.
de29-tf
ORANOE AND ALEXANDRIA RAIL
ROAD THROUGH by KAIL FROM WASH
INGTON AND ALEXANDRIA TO RICHMOND
AND LYNCHBURG.
On and after FRIDAY, September 1, 1865, the
trains on this road will run as follows :
TRAINS SOUTH.
Leave Washington at 7 a. m and 8 30 p m.
Leave Alexandria at 7 33 a m. and 0 p. in.
Leave Qordonsvllle at 12. 30 p. m and 1 40 a m.
Arrive In Richmond at 5 p in and 6 am.
Arrive at Lynchburg at 3 20 p. m and 6a.ni,
TRAINS NORTH.
Leave Lynchburg at 0 45 a. m and 7. 15 p. m.
Leave Richmond at 7 a m and 7. 15 p m.
Leave Gordon vllle at 12 SO p m. and 12 20a m
Arrive at Alexandria a. 4 63 p m. and 4 60 a m.
Arrive at Washington at 5 30 p m.and 6 23 a m
On Sundays leave Washington at 8 30 p m only
Local freight train leaves Alexandria at 4 a
ra , arriving In Gordonsvllle at 11 43 a tu
Leaves Oordonsville at 12 35 p. m , arriving tn
Alexandria at 8 p m.
Through freight train leaves Alexandria at 3
a ra. , arriving in Lynchburg at 7.10 p m
Leaves Lynchburg at 3 20 a. m , arriving In
Alexandria at 6 10 p m.
Passengers from Warrenton will take the 7 a.
ra train south from Washington, and the 6.45 a
m train north from Lynchburg.
Passengers by the 6 45 a. m. and 7 IS p to
trains from Lynchburg, and the 7 a. m. and 7 15
p m trains from Richmond connect with trains
at Washington for all parts of the North and
West.
This route bas the advantageoverall others by
having a continuous rail from New York to
Lynchburg, 405 miles
It also pauses through Fairfax, Bull Ron, Ma
nassas, Brlatow, Catlett's, Rappahannock, Cul
peper, Orange, and Gordonsvllle, where many
of the great battles of the late rebellion were
fonaht
Tickets can be procured In Adam' Express
Building-, opposite the B and 0 K It Depot, tn
Washington; also, at the Depot, on Maryland
avenue
Trains leave the corner of First and C streets,
Washington W. II MrCAFFERTY,
Goncral Superintendent.
J M. BROADIS,
ocO tf General Passenger Agent.
1864 ARRANGEMENTS
NEW YORK LINES.
THE CAMDEN AND AMBOY AND PHILADEL
PHIA AND TRENTON RAILROAD COMPA
NIES' LINES.
FROM PHILADELPHIA TO NIW YOKE
AND WAT PLACES.
FROM WALNUT STREET WHAUT AND
KENSINGTON DEPOT,
will lbavx as roiLows, tiz t Fare.
At 6 a. m , via Camden and Amboy 0. and
A. Accommodation $2,25
At 6 a tn , via Camden and Jersey City
New Jersey Accommodation 2.23
At 8 a. m , via Camden and Jersey City
Morning Express 3.00
At 8 a. m., via Camden and Jersey City
24 Class Ticket 2.25
At 11 a m , via Kensington and Jersey
City bx press 3 00
At 12 m , via Camden and Amboy C. and
A. Aceommodatlon 2.25
At 2 p in , via Camden and Amboy C. and
a. express 3 uu
At 3 p m ,, via Kensington and Jersey
C tv Wash nirton and N Y. Exoress.. S 00
At 6i p m , via Kensington and Jersey
Cltv Eveninar Mall S 00
AtllWp m , via Kensington and Jersey
City Southern Mall 3 00
At 1U (Night,! via Kensington and Jersey
city Southern Express 3 00
At 6 p m , via Camden and Amboy Ac-
eommoaauon iireigui anu passenger.!
lit class ticket 3.25
2d class ticket , 1.60
The 8 15 p m. Evening Mall and the 1,30
fNlffbt. Southern Exnress will run dallr. (all
others, Snndays excepted.)
PHILADELPHIA AND NEW YORK LINES.
Leave Walnut street wharf at 6 and 6 a. m ,
12 ra , and 2 pm.
Leave Kensington Depot at 11 IS a rn , 2.36,
4 HO and 45 p m.. and 12. 60 a ra. (night )
The 6 45 p m line runs dally; (all others,
Sundays excepted.)
NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA LINES
Leave foot of Barclay street at 6 a. in. and 2
p. m.
From foot of Cortland street at 7, 8, and 10 a.
in , 12 ra , 4 and 6pm, and 12 night.
1he6p m line runs d Uy; (all others, Sun
days excepted )
W. n. GATZMER, Agent,
Philadelphia and New York Lines.
Phijadelp.ua, Deo 23, 1863. de31
riMIROUQIl LINE BETWEEN WASH-
X INQTON, PHILADELPHIA, AND NEW
YORK.
WAtnmaTON, May, 1865.
Trains between WaithlDgton and New York are
now run as follows, vis
10K NEW YORK, without change of care,
Leave dally (except bunday) at 7 30 a ra .and
6 and 7 SO p in
FOR NEW YORK, changing cars at Philadel
phia, Leave dally (except Sunday) at 11 15 a m , and
430p ra
FOR PHILADELPHIA,
Leave dally (except Sunday) at 7 30 and 11 15
a ra , and 4 30 and 7 r p m
ON SUNDAY
Leave for New York at 0 p ra only
Leave for Philadelphia at 7 30 p m only.
Bleeping cars for New York on 7 30 p ra train
dally, except bunday On Sunday, train aud
aleeplng car rnn only to Philadelphia
1 hrougb tickets to Philadelphia, New York, or
Boston, can be bad at the btatlon office at all
hours in tho day, as well as at the new office In
the American Telegraph building, Pennsylvania
avenue, between Four-and-a-half and Sixth
streets
See Haiti mora and Ohio railroad advertisement
for schedule between Washington, Baltimore,
Annapolli, and the West. W P SMITH,
Master of Transportation.
L M COLE,
General Ticket Agent.
OEO. S KOONTZ,
otf Agent, Washington,,
Wetthtngton City Pott Oflloo Arrlral
aid Depart uro of alalia .
Northern and Eastern Mails 1 at Due at
5.40 a. m., departs at 7.30 a. m., closes at
6 a. m 2d. Dae at 11 a. m., departs at
11.15 a. m., closes at 10 30 a. m. 3d. Duo
at fi 40 p. m., departs at 6 p. &l, closes at
4.45 p, m.
Western Mall, via Relay IToage 1st. Dae
at 6.40 a. m , departs at 0.15 a. m , closes
at 4 30 a. m. 2d. Due at 0 16 p. m , de
parts at 0.46 p, m , oloses at fi p. m.
Northwestern Malt, Tla Baltimore, Harris
burg and Pittsburg, Pa 1st. Due at 6 40 a.
m., departs at 6.16 a. m , oloses at 4.30 a.
m. 2d. Due at 8.16 p. m., departs at 6 46 p.
m., closes at 6 p. m.
The Southern Mall, for Richmond, Peters
burg, Raleigh, Wilmington, N. 0., and other
points South, Tla 0. and A. R. R 1st. Due
at 7 a. m., departs at 7 a. m , closes at 0 a.
m. 2d. Due at 4 p. m. departs at 8.30 p. m.,
closes at 7 p. m.
Fredericksburg Mail, Tla Aquia Creek,
embracing the Northern Neck of Virginia
and Intermediate points between Fredericks
burg and Richmond, Va. Due at 3.30 p. m.,
departs at 7 a. m., closes at 6 a. tn.
Annapolis Mali 1st. Due at 11 a. m ,ue.
parts at 3 p. m , closes at 2 p. m. 2d. Due
at 0.15 p. m . departs at 6.15 a. m.. closes at
4.30 a. m.
Alexandria, Va , Mall lit. Due at 6 a ni ,
departs at ft a. m., closes at & a. m. 2d. Due
at 4.30 p. m , departs at 6 p. m , closes at 5
p. m.
Georgetown, D. 0. Mall lit. Due at 6 30
a. m , departs at 7 a. m., closes at 6 a. m. 2d.
Departs at 12 m., closes at 11.30 a. m., due
at 4 p. m.
Rockville, Md., Mall Due at ft p. m , de
parts at 7 a. m., closes at 6.30 a. m.
roti xobacco, I'noataway, ana imiueia
Mall Due on Monday. Wednesday, and Frl
day. at 7 p. m. Departs on Tuesday, Thurs
day, and Saturday, at 7 a. m. Oloses at 0 30
a. m. on those days.
Upper Marlboro. Md . Mail Due at 3
m , daily, departs at 8 a. m., closing at ft. 30
a. m.
Surratt's. Boantown. Charlotte Hall, and
Cnaptiao Mail lae at 7 p. m., depart at 7
a. in , closes at ft 30 a. m.
On Sunday, only two mails aro received
from the North, and but one from the West
and Northwest, due at fl a in and 11 a. m.
Malls departing on this day for these routes
close at 4 45 p. m. For Norfolk, Old Point
uorotort, and rortsmoutn, va , at a p in.
The office is open for the delivery of letters
and papers from 8 a m. to 9 p. m , except
on Sunday, when It Is open from 8 to 10 a
m , and from ft to 7 p. m
BrookTille and Olney Malls Due at 10 30
a m. daily, departs at 2 30 p. m , clones at 2
p. m.
ColesTille, Md , Mail Due on Tuesday,
Thursday, and Saturday, at 6.30 p. in , de
part at 7 a. m. same days, closing at 0 30
Stato Agencies In Washington.
Massachusetts Lieut. Col. Gardiner Tufts,
second floor National hatlUgencer Building,
corner Seventh and D streets.
Ohio James C. Wetmore, Esq, 250 F
street.
New York Col. Edwin R. Goodrich, 283
F street.
Pennsylvania CoL Francis Jordan, 487
Eleventh street.
Connecticut Ror. William A. Benedict,
252 F street.
Vermont Colonel Frank Holbrook, 251 F
street,
Maine A. .Watson, 273 F street.
New Hampshire CoL Larkln Mason 517
beventn street
Rhode Island Lieut Col. James T. Bere
diet, Room No. 1, Washington Building, cor
ner beventn and D streets.
Michigan Rev. D. E. Millard, corner
Seventh and IS streets.
Indiana Henry P. Lantz, No. 332 F st ,
corner iontn.
Illinois Col. Harry D. Cook, 280 F street,
between lhirteenth and 1 ourteentn
New Jersey Lieut. Col. J. C. Rafferty,
Z&z Ki street.
Maryland Stephen W, Douney, Calvary
Baptist Church, Fifth street.
Kentucky O. 0. Penny baker, No. Four-
and-a-nair street.
Iowa Geo Cowie. Fifth Auditor's Office,
Treasury Department.
Wisconsin w. a. beilecK, zaz jt street.
Minnesota J, F. Stock, Room No, 6, Land
Office
Delaware Box 651, Post Office.
8ANITAKY COMMISSION.
244 FTstreet, between Thirteenth and Four
teenth streets.
CHRISTIAN COMMISSION.
Corner Eighth and U streets
8TEAM8HIP8.
A TLANTIO STEAMSHIP COMPANY.
TO NEW YORK.
The steamers comprising this line are the
JOHN GIBSON CAPTAIN YOUNG,
C. KNIGHT " MORRIS,
FAIRFAX " WINTERS,
leaving pier No 12 N R , New York, and foot G
street, Washington, B.C., every
WEDNESDAY AND SATURDAY.
Freight received every day daring business
hours, and carefntly kept under cover
The steamers of this line now connect with
Alexandria and Orange Railroad Freight for
warded to any point along the line of the road
AC1I5TB MORGAN, RIIINEHAHTA CO ,
Foot O street. Washington, D C
BOWEN, DUO. & CO ,
Alexandria, Va.
II B CROMWELL A CO,
oct!3-tf SJ West street, New York
NEW YORK
AXD
WASHINGTON
BTEAMSniP COMPANY,
(OLD LINE, )
BBTWEEM
NEW YORK, ALEXANDRIA, WASHINGTON
AND GEORGETOWN, D. C.
OCEAN STEAMERS
BALTIMORE, REBECCA CLYDE, and EMPIRE,
1H COKNIf RCTI01T WITH IX LAV Is 8TEAMKRS
GEORGE H. STOUT, MAY FLOWER, AND
ANN ELIZA.
Regular Sailing Days TUESDAYS and FRI
DAYS, at 13 in , from foot of High street, George
town, and Pier 13, Last River, (foot of Wall
street,) New York.
For freight or passage apply to
C P HOUGHTON, Agent,
foot of High street, Georgetown
M ELD 1! IDOL Co , Abeuts,
Prince Street Wharf, Alexandria,
JAMES HAND, Agent,
117 Wall btreet. New York
Freight received constantly aud forwarded to
all parts of the country with dispatch, at lowest
rates. JeJ3
N
ATHANIEL B. FUOITT7
LUMBER DEALER,
SIXTH STREET WEST,
9 J . NEAR PKNNA. AVENUE.
IMPORTANT COIIRK8PONDENCK
DETWEE1Y SIR, ADAMS AND
KAIir, HUSSEIN.
A supplement to the London Gaaetu of
October 11 contains a lengthy correspond
ence between Mr. Adams and Earl Russell,
In reference to the claims made by the Amer
ican Government upon the British Govern
ment for compensation for the damage done
to American shipping by the rebel cruisers.
FIRST LITTER FROM KB. ADAMS .KttdLAHD
DELD RBSPOJTSIBLI.
The first letter Is from Mr. Adams, and Is
dated April 7, 1805. It encloses a letter
from Mr. Monroe, United States Consul at
Rio Janeiro, describing the capture of several
American ships by the Shenandoah. Mr.
Adams also says that hes news of similar
depredations committed near Melbourne by
the same ship, lie then goes on to say:
"Were there any reasons to believe that
the operations carried on In the ports of her
Majesty's kingdom and Its dependencies to
maintain and extend this systematic depre
dation upon the commerce of a friendly peo
ple had been materially relaxed or prevent
ed, I should not be under tho painful neces
sity or announcing to your lordship toe (act
that my Government cannot avoid entailing
upon the Government of Great Britain tho
responsibility for this damage. It is impos
sible to be insensible to the injury that may
yet be Impending from the part which the
British steamer City of Richmond has had In
being suffered to transport with Impunity
irom the port or. itonuon men ana supplies, to
place them on board the Frenoh-bullt steam
ram OHntho, alias Stoerkodder, alias Stone
wall, which has, through a continuously
fraudulent procoss, succeeded in deluding
several Goiernments of Europe, and In es
caping from this hemisphere on its errand of
mlscuiet in the other.
"I am by no means insensible to the efforts
which have already been made and are yet
making by heT Majosty's Government to put
a stop to such ou traces In this Kingdom and
its dependencies Nelthor can I permit my
self to doubt the favorable disposition of her
ministers to maintain amicable relations with
the Government which I represent.
M While perfectly ready to bear testimony
to the promptness with which all tho numer
ous remonstrances and representations which
It has been my painful duty heretofore to
submit have been met and attended to by
your lordship, It Is at the same tlmo impos
sible for mo to dispute the fact that the hos
tile policy whioh It is the object of all this
labor to prevent has not only not be on
checked, but Is even now going Into execu
tion with more and more complete success.
" That polioy I trust I need not point out
to your lordship, Is substantially the destruc
tion of tho whole mercantile natigatton bo
longing to the people of the United States.
"I would most respectfully Invito your
lordship to produce in the history of the
world a parallel case to this of onduranco by
one nation of Injury dono to It by another
without bringing on the gravest of compli
cations That In this case no such eent has
followed hasbeen owing, In the main, to a
full conviction that Her Majesty's Govern
ment has never been animated by any ag
gresslvo disposition toward the United States,
but, on the contrary, that It has steadily en
deavored to discountenance and in a measure
to checkthe injurious and malevolent opera
tions of many of her subjects. But while
anxious to do full Justice to tho amicable In
tentions of her Majesty's ministers, and on
that account to forbear from recourse to any
but the most friendly and earnest appeals to
reason and to their sense of Justice for the
rectification of tbeso wrongs, It Is Impossible
to resist the conviction that heretofore their
measures, however well intended, have never
proved effect! vo to remedy the evil com
plained of. Prompt to acquit them of any
design, I am reluctantly compelled to ac
knowledge the belief that practically this
evil had its origin in the first stop taken,
which never can be regarded by my Govern
ment In any other light than as precipitate,
of acknowledging persons as a belligerent
power on the ocean before they had a single
vessel of their own to show floating upon it
The result of that proceeding lias been
that the power in question, so tar as it can
be entitled to the name of a belligerent on
the ocean at all, was actually created In
consequence of tho recognition, and not be
fore, and all that It has subsequently at
tained of such a position has been through
the labor of tho subjects of the ory country
which gav e It the shelter of that title in ad
Mince Neither is the whole case stated even
now. The results equally show that the
ability to continue these operations with
success during the whole term of four years
that the war has continued has been exclu
sively owing to the opportunity to make uso
of this granted right of a belligerent In the
courts and the ports and harbors of the very
power that furnished the elements of Its ex
istence in the outset. In other words, the
Kingdom of Great Britain cannot but be re
garded by tho Government I have tho honor
to represent as not only having given birth
to this naval belligerent, but also as having
nursed and maintained It to the prosent
hour "
The letter concludes by asking when, In
view of the praotical reduction of atl the
ports heretofore temporarily held by the in
surgents, the United States navy will bo ad
mitted to full and free pratique in British
waters.
KARL RUSShLL'S REPLY
Earl Russell replies to the letter on May 4
After recapitulating the heads of Mr Ad
ams' letter, he coes on to say that the real
question is not what are the losses American
subjects have suffered, but "whether In diffi
cult and extraordinary circumstances me
Government of her Majesty have performed
faithfully and honestly the duties which In
ternational law and their own municipal law
imposed upon them " He then goes on to
remind Mr. Adams that at the outbreak of
the war, on the 19th April, 1801, the Presi
dent of the United 6tates proclaimed a block
ade of the Southern ports, thus Interrupting
the trade of neutrals, aud this he could only
do on the ground that the Southern States
were belligerent. Her Majosty's Govern
mont must either acknowledge the blockade
or refuse to do so, and, as tho more friendly
course to tho United States, took the former
stop They could not, therefore, treat the
Southern vessels aspirates, nor, Indeed, had
the United States done otherwise than treat
all persons taken as prisoners of war
Tho recognition of belligerency was not,
therefore, precipitate, it was simply adopt
ing the course taken by the United States
Government. His Lordship then goes on to
deal with the question whetherGreat Britain
has performed faithfully the duties Incum
bent upon her in endonvoring to prevent ves
sels Icavinc our ports to prey upon the
United States merchant navy He contends
that they did Beginning with tbo Alabama,
he nuotea dates to show that the Govern
ment acted honestly and with the desire to
fulfill their duties In support of this he
mentions a sentence in a (iispaicu irom Mr
Seward, dated August 13 18ft3, In whtoh,
writing about tho Oreto and the Alabama,
he said "You will, on a proper occasion,
make known to Earl Russell the satisfaction
which the President has derived from the
just and friendly proceedings of tho British
Government In regard to these subjects." I
Earl Rnssell theri IriefJo prove that In the '
war of the Bonth American. .States against
opaiu bdu x'onag.u, me untied b tales ad
hered to the same principles concerning the
rights of neutrals as those professed by Kng
land during the rebellion. The address of',
President Monroe on the South American In
surrection Is referred to as an anruintnt
against the charges brought against England
on account of her alleged sympathy with the
rebels.
Earl Russell then nolnti to the Tltrllanea
of Her Majesty's Government In respect to
the Mersey rams. With respect to the
Shenandoah, he says no evidence of her char
acter was offered to them by Mr. Adams or
any one else. Had such evidence been given,
prompt action would have been taken. As
to the sending out of arms to the Shenan
doah and the OHnde, Earl Russell says no
laws could have stopped it, and ho clinches
the argument thus:
"in the words of Mr. Adams, In 1818,
'For such evonts no nation can In nrinclnle.
nor does In practice, hold Itself responsible.'
una regnru io me export oi arms sent by
Individuals In this oonntrv to Tessels on the
high seas, tt must not be forgotten that tho
uovernmem and courts ol tbo United States
have always upheld the legality of this
traffic. On the subject of ocrtalnmemorials
of British subjects sent to the Secretary of
State of the United States, during the Rev
olutionary war, Mr. Jefferson says. 'We
have answered that our citizens have always
been free to make, send,or export arms; that
It Is tho constant occupation and livelihood
of some of them. To suppress their callings,
the only means, perhaps, of their subsist
ence, because a war exists In foreign and
distant countries with which we have no
concorn, would hardly be expected. It
would be hard In principle and impossible In
practice.'
"This, be tt recollected, was not the opln
Ion of Mr Jefferson alone, he wrote by the
direction of General, then President, Wash
ington "
8KC01D LETTER FROH MR. ADAMS RECAPIT
ULATION Or TUB AMERICAN GRIEVANCES.
On May 20 Mr. Adams replies, and con
tends that Earl Russell has widened the area
of discussion. Mr. Adams, therefore, recap
ituaites the points which he wished specially
to bring under Earl Russell's notice.
"It was my wish to maintain
"1. That the act of recognition by Her
Majesty's Government of Insurgents as bel
ligerents on the high seas before they had a
single vessel afloat was precipitate and un
precedented. "2. That It had the effect of creating
these parties bolligerents after the recognl
tion, Instead of merely acknowledging an
existing fact.
"J. That this creation has been since ef
fected exclusively from the ports of Her
lURjosiye Kingdom ana its acpem.enc.ofl, with
the aid and co-operation of Her Malestv's
subjects
'4, That during the whole course of tbo
struggle In America, of nearly four years in
duration, there has been no appearance of the
Insurgents as a belligerent on the ocean, ex
cepting In the shape of British vessels, con
structed, equipped, supplied, manned, and
armed In British ports.
"5, That during the same period It has
been the constant and persistent endeavor of
my uovernmont to remonstrate In every pos
sible form against this abuse of tho neutral
ity of this kingdom, and to call upon Her
Majesty's Government to exercise the neces
sary powers to put an effective stop to it
"6 That, although the desire of Her Ma
jesty's Ministers to exert themselves In the
suppression of these abuses is freely acknowl
edged, the efforts which thev made proved In
a great degree powerless from the Inefficiency
of the law on which they relied, and from the
a usui me reiusai. wnn rollcited. tn nrnmiro
additional powers to attain tho object
"7, That by reason of the failure to check
this flagrant abuso of neutrality the Issue
from British ports of n number of British
vessels, with tbe nid of the recognition of
tneir belligerent character in all tbe ports of
Her Majesty's dependencies around tho globe.
has resulted in the burning and destruction
on the ocean ot a large number of merchant
vessels and a very large amount or property
belonging to tho people of the United States
"8 That, in addition to this direct inju
ry, the action of these British built, manned
and armed vessels has bad the Indirect effect
of driving from the sea a largo portion of the
commercial marine of the United States, and
to a corresponding extent enlarging that of
Great Britain, thus enabling one portion of
tne Jiritisn people to derive an unjust adv an
tage from the wrong committed on a friendly
nation by another portion.
"9. That the Injuries thus rocelved by a
country which has meanwhile sedulously en
deavored to perform all Its obligations, owing
to tbe Imperfection of the legal means at
hand to prevent them, as well as tho unwill
ingness to seek for moro stringent powers,
are of so grave a naturo as in ronson and
justice to constitute a v alid claim for repara
tion and indemniucatlon."
After having gone Into a lengthened detail
of facts to prove these propositions, eipeclally
in the case of the Alabama, Mr Adams,
turning to the precedents of Spain and Por
tugal, quoted by Earl Russell, says
"The first remark that I would pray per
mission to submit in connection with this
view of the subject Is this That even if it
wore true that the Gov eminent of the United
States had, half a century since, refused to
recognite the Just claims of other Powers for
damage dono by reason of their omission to
prevent the abuso of their neutral ports to
the commerce of those Powers, It could in no
degree change the naturo of any subsequent
omission or neglect committed bv other
Powers at this day, It Is a principle of
morals, too tnorougniy Known to your lord
ship to require my dwelling upon It for a
momejit, that tho wrong-doing of one party
cannot bo cited in justification of a repeti
tion of the act by another Surely ll tho
United States Government had ventured
upon doclaring what was onco known as a
paper blockado of the whole Southern coast,
Her Majesty's Government would not have
been content to be told that such was the
acknowledged practice of Great Britain many
years ago Neither would it have been bet
ter satisfied if the United States had resorted
to the press-gangs In the outset of tho v ar to
fill their ships with British subjects for cod
against their will to fight their own country -mon
in tho Alabnmas, Plorldas, and Shenun
doahs, and Tallahassees, depredating on tho
ocean, to bo told, In answer to their romon
strancea that just suoh was tho treatment
Americans experienced at the hands of Great
Britain prior to the war of 1812. '
Mr Adams then goes into the particular
cases quoted by Earl Russell, and with re
spect to tho case of Spuin, shows that the
United States Government agreed entirely to
the proposal for settlement made by tho
Government of Spain As to the sympathy
of the united Mates people with the revolu
tionary movements In South America, Mr
Adams denies that the circumstances wero
wholly analncous to those under discussion.
but he adds that the whole power of the
United States was in that case applied to
prevcuuug uijoui.uuo icuvmg lur me eup
port vf the revolutlopists, As to Portugal,
the facts are minutely narrated, and Mr.
Adams thus comments upon them:
"The Government had not only literally
done all In Its power under existing laws to
prevent these violations of neutrality, but
had, at the request of the Envoy himself,
procured the adoption by Congress of a new
and more stringent statute. Surely, under
sueb elroamstances, nothing more could rea
sonably be expected of It.
"Thisreems to have been tbe opinion of
tbe Portuguese Minister himself. So well
satisfied was he with the practical operation
of this law In cheeking these enterprises,
that, at the moment when It was about to
expire by Its own limitation of two years, on
the 4th of February, 1819, he once more
came forward te express Ms anxiety about
losing it, and addressed an earnest reprsn
sentatlon to the United States Government
to secure an ei ten tlon of the term. There
ply was to the effect that It had not only
been incorporated Into a new and Improved
form, but was made permanent "
The United States In that affair had done
all It could, and had her Majesty's Govern,
ment similarly acted In this case, the argu
ment of Earl Russell could not have been re-
sleted. But their conduct was diametrically
opposite. They had refused to reconsider
tne existing laws with a Tiew to tneir amend
ment, but had resolved to rely on them as
sufficient. Mr, Adams freely acknowledges
that her Majesty's Government acted vigor
ously in detnlnlng the Mersey rams, though
be does not think the manner tn which the
difficulty was got over was very dignified.
After again alluding to the decrease of
American shipping, Mr. Adams winds up as
follows
"Thus It Is, that whatever may be the line
of argument I pursue, I am compelled ever
to return to the one conclusion tbe nation
that recognised a Power as a belligerent be
fore It had built a vessel and became Itself
the source of all the belligerent character It
has ever possessed on the ocean, must be re
garded as responsible for all the damage that
has ensued from that cause to the commerce
of a power with which It was under the
most sacred obligations to preserve amity
and peace "
EARL RISSELL'S BECOXD LETTER HIS PRIN
CIPAL r-ROPOSITIOKS HE DECLIWES ARBI
TRATIOXS PROPOSES A JOINT COMMISSION
This letter was not answered till August
31 On that day Earl Russell wrote that he
had purposely delayed his reply, and that
now, the United States being at peace, tho
time had arrived for a calm and candid dis
cussion of tho case. His Lordship la glad
that Mr. Adnms does Justice to the Impartial
Intentions of Her Majesty's Government. He
then proceeds to say
"ine question, men, as a unaersiana it, is
now reduced to these terms. Whether her
Majesty's Government have judged rightly
the stato of a friendly nation disturbed by a
formidable Insurrection, and whether they
have correctly applied the law of nations In
respect to their duties toward that friendly
nation
"In recapitulating your statements on this
subject you say 'that the Injuries thus re
ceived by a country which has meanwhile
sedulously endeavored to perform all Its ob
ligations owing to the imperfection of the
legal means at hand to prevent them, as well
as the unwillingness to seek for more strin
gent powers, are of so grave a nature as in
.,.L . .t T ...! ta.1-
reason and Justice to constitute a valid claim
for reparation and Indemnification
"Differing, as her Majesty's Government
do, from your statement of tbe facts upon
which tho judgment of the two Governments
is to be ultimately formed, I lay down with
confidence the following propositions
"1 That the history ot modern nations af
fords no example of an Insurrection against
a central government so widely extended, so
immediate In Its operation, so well and so
long prepared, so soon and so completely fur
nished with tbe machinery of civil govern
ment, a national representation, generals
and officers of high military reputation,
armies fully equipped, and fortifications re
cently In possession of tbe established Gov
ernment.
"2. That Intelligence reached Her Males
ty's Government, in the spring of 1861. that
seven combined mates had declared In favor
of this insurrection, that three more States,
Including the great and powerful State of
Virginia, were prepared to Join them, that
these Mates commanded upward ot a,vw
miles of seacoast, that they comprised more
than 5,000,000 of people, exclusive of the
negro slaves, that the President of the in
surgent government had proclaimed his in
tention of issuing letters of marque and re
prisal, that tho President of the United
States, on the other hand, had proclaimed
his intention to establish a blockade of all
the ports of tho Southern States, and that In
these circumstances the commander of Her
Mnjesty's naval forces on the North Ameri
can station earnestly solicited Instructions
lor las guidance
"J That in view of theso extraordinary
events, unexpected and undeslred, Jler .Ma
Jesty decided to proclaim her neutrality in
this contest, to allow the belligerent blockade
of more than .l.ouu miles or coast, Including,
of course, the right of soarch, detention, and
capture on the part of the United States, and
on tbe other hand, as in duty bound, to re
cognize in the so-called Confederate States
tbo rights of a belligerent Power
"4 That Her Majesty's Government put
in force, with fairness and impartiality, the
neutrality they had proclaimed
" 5. That the Foreign Enlistment Act,
which Is intended in aid of the rights and
duties of a neutral nation, can only be ap
plied when a ship Is armed or fitted out, or
begun to be armed or fitted out, and even In
that case only when proof can be obtained
that tho ship so armed or equipped, or begun
to be armed or equipped, Is intended for the
service of a Power at war with a friend or
ally of her Majesty.
" 0 That in tho Instance of the Oreto, the
ca'e Justifying the detention of tbe vessel
whs not complete, and in the case of the Al
abama the proof was declared to bo com
plete only on the very morning whon tbe
owners of tho Alahnuia, having by some
means obtained Information of what was In
tended, got away on a false pretense
" 7 That the Oreto was begun to be built
here, was afterward detained and tried at
Nassau, was acquitted, and was afterward
completed at Wilmington, a port of the Con
federates "8 That the iron-clad rams wero de
tained, and afterward seised at Birkenhead,
that the so-called Canton or Pampero was
prosecuted and convicted in Scotland, that
tho Victor, nfterward the Rappahannock,
was forced to take refuge nt Calais in order
to avoid foizure, and till tho close of the war
uov or appeared on the seas
" 0 'that it is not enough to say that the
Foreign Enlistment Act might huve been
amended and made more efficient, unless It
bo shown that the amendments suggested
would have been clearly efficient, and would
have been consistent with the laws of a free
country
" 10 That nothing but the most extensive
employment of spies and informers, and the
most arbitrary powers of detention and
solturo on the most vague and slight bus-
nicion. could have prevented a British or
Amorlcan merchant, In combination with a
Confederate enemy of the United States.
from sending an unarmed ship to distant
neutral waters, from sending arms to the
some waters, and from combining the ship
and the arms tn a hostile cruiser against the
eommerce of the United States.
1L That the Shenandoah was dispatched
and armed tn this manner.
12. That there Is no reason or ground
whatever to accuse Her Majesty's Govern
ment Of failure In the performance of their
international obligations during the four
years of civil war, and consequently no valid
claim can be made for reparation and in-
demnincaiion. "
Earl Russell then auotes a judgment of
the United States Supreme Court tn 1802, In
which tt was laid down that to legitimate tha
eaptur of a neutral ressel or property on the
nigh seas a war must exist dtjacto, ana tnai
'a war may exist when one of tha belliger
ents claims sovereign rights as against the
other;11 and finally, that "the proclamation
of the blockade U lUtlf official and conclusive
evidence to the doortthat a state of war ex
isted which demanded and author! led a re
course to such a maasara under tho toimin
stances peculiar to the easV HlsLonfaWprv
then gives a history of the prttosttdJ&g of H
Majesty's Government, mentioAlJagjlaUs n
and quotes precedents for tho cours e which 4
the Government took. "The firrHs that of j
the American Revolution, the second is that
of the revolt of the South American Repubtj
lies." Earl Russell goes at great length Into"
the history of these two cases, and contends
that It fully Justifies the course taken by
Her Majesty's Government. So far as the
Portugueso case was concerned, the differ
ence wastn favor of what was done by Eng
land; for whereas thirty and forty cruisers
esosped from United States ports to prey on
Portuguese oommerce, not moro than three
or four went from British ports to prey on
United States commerce; and that whereas
American citizens commanded cruisers tn
tbe former ease, no English ettlzen had com
manded a cruiser in the latter case. "But,"
says Earl Russell,
"There Is one essential point on which the
United States and Great Britain appear en
tirely to agree Tbe United States, when
neutral, refused to be responsible for cap
tures at sea not brought within their juris
diction, or to listen to a proposal to appoint
a commission to assess damages, the Govern
ment of the United Kingdom have taken a
similar course."
His lordship enforces this point with some
illustrations, and then points out that the
amended American law of 1818 alluded toby
Mr. Adams was tn fact tbe model of tho
English Foreign Enlistment Act of 1819.
Had not that been the case "you might rea
sonably have asked us to make a new law;
but surely we aro not bound to go on mak
ing new laws ad infinitum, because new oc
casions ariso." Earl Russell then briefly
alludes to the course taken by the Govern
ment as to the steam rams and the Alabama.
He then goes on as follows
In your letter of tbo ZJd ot UCtober, lbtJ,
you were pleased to say that the Government
of the United States Is ready to agree to any
form of arbitration.
Her Majesty's Government have thus
been led to consider what question could be
put to any sovereign or btate to whom this
very great power should be assigned.
"it appears 10 ner majesty's uovernmem
that there are but two questions by which
the claim of compensation could be tested.
The one is nave tne iintisb uovernmem
acted with due diligence, or, In other words,
with good faith and honesty, in the main
tenance of the neutrality they proclaimed?
The other is Have the law officers of the
Crown properly understood the foreign en
listment act when they declined, In June,
1862, to advise the detention and seizure of
the Alabama, and on other occasions when
they were asked to detain other ships build
ing or fitting in British ports7
"It appears to her Majesty's Government
that neither of these questions could bo put
to a foreign Government with any rogard to
the dignity and character of the British
Crown and the British nation.
"Her Majesty's Government are the sole
guardians of their own honor. They cannot
admit that they may have acted with bad
faith in maintaining the neutrality they pro
fessed. The law officers of the Crown must
be hold to be better Interpreters of a British
statute than any foreign Government can be
presumed to be. Her Majesty's Gov eminent
must, therefore, decline either to make rep
aration and compensation for the captures
made by the Alabama, or to refer the ques
tion to any foreign Stato.
" Her Majesty's Government conceive that
if they were to act otherwise they would en
danger the position of neutrals In all future
wars.
" Her Majesty's Government are, however,
ready to consent to the appointment of a
commission to which shall be referred all
claims arising during tho late civil war, which
the two Powers shall agreo to refer to the
commissioners.
THIRD LETTKn FROM MR ADAMS HIOHTS Or
NBl'TKALS ENGLAND IIBRHHLP WILL SUF
FER MOST FROM THE (1ENERAL ADOl TlOf Or
IIER PRACTICE TUB EQLISR TROPOStTlOX
NOT LIKELY TO BE ACCEPTER
To this letter Mr Adams replies on Sep
tember 18 He begins by reciprocating Lord
Russell's courtesies as to the friendly feeling
with which the negotiations have been con
ducted, and claims for b,ls Government that
it has been actuated by amicable intentions.
Had that not been the case, he should "have
despaired of the possibility of the passage of
tho two nations through tbe difficulties pre
seated to them from within as well as from
without," By acknowledging the friendly
intentions of her Majesty's Government,
however, he does not wish It to be under
stood that he has alwajs approved of the
manner in which those intentions have been
carried into practice Nor do the questions
at issue lose much of their gravity from any
disavowal of ill-will on the part of the Gov
ernments Coming to the question of the
precipitate and unprecedented character of
the recognition of tho South as belligerents,
Mr Adams contends that at the time the
recognition took place there was no certainty
on the part of her Majesty's Government
that the proclamation of intention to block
ade'and declaration of intention on the part
of the Confederates to Issuo letters of marquo
would bo carried into effect Tbo latter
never was executed, aud tbe former was only
made a necessity by tho action of her Majes
ty's Government. The blockade was Indeed
an inevitable consequence of the policy of
tbo British Government. Mr. Adams quotes
a declaration of Earl Russell on May 6, 1881,
that he had not then any information of the
precise measures actually tiken down to that
moment by either of the parties tn thestrug
gle With reference to his other proposition
us to those difficulties, he says
"I do not propose at this time to dwell
upon them further, I will only pray you to
excuse the earnestness with which 1 venture
to give expression to my views, under the plea
of my belief that upon a correct decision In
this controversy may depend the security
which commerce of belligerents will hereafter
enjoy on the high seas against the hacardof
being swept from them through the acts of
I to bafrlendlv
nations protessing to no neutrai, auu uouim
I "For If it be once fairly established as a
principle of tho lateroattvaal code( t&u a,