Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume], December 07, 1905, Image 11

About Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916

Image provided by: State Historical Society of Iowa

                
"-irta^t ta China. Tho main factor hv
,.i£»sSucum this'boycott has been the re
Mnitment felt by the students and busl
99* pecpls of China, by all the Chinese
sers against the harshness of our
/.' toward educated Chinamen of the
professional and business classes.
TWs government has the friendliest
feeling for China and desires China's
We cordially sympathize
with the announced purpose of Japan to
atand for the Integrity of China, Such
an attitude tends to the peace of the
.world,
vwts
.'«»
'W
OF CIVIL SERVICE
Application of the Jjaw to Government
^Positions' Never Carried Otat
More Effectively
The ci-faf-'service law Has been .on the
statute, btioks for 22 years. Every presi
dent and a vast majority of heads of de
partments who have been In offlqe dur
ing? that'period liave-favored a "gradual
extension of. the merit system. The more
thoroughly its principles have been un
derstood, the greater has been the favor
vlth which the law has been regarded
ly administrative officers. Any attempt
*o carry, on the great executive depart
ents Of the government without this
7 would inevitably result in chaos
idwll serylce commissioners are do
excellent work and their compen
on Is Inadequate considering the^er
they perform.
Examinations Are Practical ".
Be' statement that the examinations
not practical In character is based
a misapprehension of the practice of
s" commission. The departments are in
ariably -consulted as to the require
ments desired and as to the character
of questions that shall be asked. Gen
eral Invitations are frequently sent out
to all heads of departments asking
whether any changes In the scope or
oha'racter of examinations are required.
In other words, the departments pre
scribe the requirements and the quali
fications desired, and the civil service
commission cooperates with them In se
curing- persons with these qualifications
arid Insuring them open and impartial
competition. In a large number of exam
inations (as, for example, those for
trades, positions) there are no education
al requirements whatever, and a per
son who can neither read nor write may
pass with a high average. Vacancies In
the service are filled with reasonable ex
pedition and the machinery of the com
mission, which reaches every' part of the
country, Is. the Best agency that has yet
"seen devised'for
.finding people with the
noat suitable qualifications for the va
cua offices to be filled. Written com
lve examinations do not make an
niethod for' filling positions, but
do represent an immeasurable ad
upon the "spoils" method, under
_h outside politicians really make the
ointments nominally made by the ex
officers, the appointees being
by the politicians in question,
he great majority of cases,. for rea
totally unconnected with the needs'
the Serace of the public.
Change In Removal Procedure
atlstlcs 'gathered by the'' census
reau show that the tenure of office in
ihe government" service does not differ
afeterlaliy from that enjoyed by em
ployees of Ifcrge business corporations.
Heads 'of executive departments -and
members of the commission have called
attention "to the fact -that the rule
jqtilring a filing- of charges and three
ays' notice- before an employee could
.separated from the service for. in
efficiency has served no good purpose
whatever, because that Is not a mat,tec
upoVi which a' hearing of "the employee
found to be' Inefficient can be ,of any
value, pad In practice -the .rule '.provid
ing for such notice and hearing has
..erely resulted in keeping in a certain
iumber Of incompetents, because of the
VJicluctahoe of- heads of departments a.nd
o'jireau chiefs to go through thq required
,'l-rocedurd. Experience has- shown that
-.mis rujte is "wholly ineffective to save any
slaaji, if a superior for improper reasons
fishes to remove him, and is mischlev-
HS because it sometimes serves to keep
the service incompetent men riot
fujlty Qf specific wrong-doing. Having
hese fatcts' in view, the rule -has been
ihdetT by.' providing that where the
iciency or -incapacity oomes within
personal knowledge of. the head of a
artment the removal may be .made
hout notice/the reasons therefor be
llied -and made a record of the de
ment.' The absolute right of removal
where -It always has rested, with
.head of a: department any limitation
iMs absolute right results in grave in
to the public service/ The change is
\ly one* of procedure it was much
£d and It is producing good. re-
Law is Being Enforced
/he civil service law. is being ener
Stically and impartially enforced, and
the large majority- of cases com
lalnts of violations of either the law
or rules are discovered to be unfound
ed. In this respect this law compares
very favorably- with any other federal
etsaute. The question of politics In the
polntment and retention of the men
gaged in merely ministerial work has
practically eliminated in almost the
-e field of government employment
red by- the. civil Service law. The
.of- the congress In providing the
lsslon wlth its own force Instead of
lrlngr it to rely on detailed clerks
been justified by the increased work
9 atra smaller cost to .the govern
t. I urge, upon the congress a care
consideration of tho recommenda
contained In the annual report of
commission.
,'''7ISION' OF COPYRIGHT IjAW
ent Officials Have Prepared
Suitable Change in Statutes
Jur copyright laws urgently need revl
13n. They are imperfect in definition,
if used and Inconsistent in expression
omit provision for many articles
ill, under modern reproductive pro-
J-, ape entitled to protection: ,they
•J' a hardships upon the copyright
fetof'whfch are not .essential tjf the
,'pr'otectlon''of thd public they are
"ult for the courts to interpret and
oslblO" -fdr' the copyright office tp
,ilnlstef with satisfaction to the. pub
attempts to improve theny by
JetidmgWt have been frequent, ne less
n'twelve acts for the purpose having
passed since the Revised Stat
o. To" perfect them by further
endm^ftt, seems Impracticable. A com
ejle, revlslori Of them'Is essential. Such
"•Revision, to. meet modern conditions,
"k been-"found necessary in Germany,
stria, Sweden, and other foreign coun
ties, and: bills embodying it are pend-
K.g'
in Bhglaiid and the Australian col
nifes. It has been urged here, and pro
ijosals for a commission to undertake it
iave," from time to time, been pressed
pon the'1' congress. The inconveniences
the" present conditions being so great,
,Vi attempt to frame appropriate legis
"i'tlon Jldfi bfeen made by the copyright
ffice", which has called conferences of
.e various Interests especially and prac
'•ally concerned with the operation of
copyright laws. It has secured from
suggestions as to the changes nec
ry it h^s added from its own expe
ce and .investigations, and it has
fted a bill which embodies such of
se changes and additions as, after full
lscussloh and expert criticism, ap
•at£d to" be sound and safe. In
rm this bill would replace the exlst
insufficient arid inconsistent laws by
ne general copyright statute.' It will be
fcesfented to the congress at the coming
ifssion. It deserves prompt consldera-
NY FOOD ADTJI/TERATION
S
1-cr Iiaws Needed For Protection
of tho Consumers
./••commend that a law tie enacted
(fgulato Interstate commerce in mis
fled find adulterated foods, drinks,
'lirttgs. Such law would protect leg
ate manufacture and commerce, and
id tend to secure the health and wel
5 of the-'consuming public. Traffic In
Bluffs which have been debased or
.tevate-d ?o as to Injure health or to
rtt'.-e purchasers should be forbidden,
le law fprbldd'ng the emission of
black Or Krr iy smoke In the city
"WashingrtOTi -ias been sustained by
courts. Something has been ac
mJlahsd under it. btt much remains
be done if wc would preserve the cap
altv from defacement by the smoke
nuisanee. Repeated prosecutions uiider
the law "have not had the desired effect.
I recommend that it be made more strin
gent by increasing both the minimum
and maximum fine by providing for
imprisonment in cases of repeated vio
lation and by affording the remedy of
Injunction against the continuation of
the operation of plants which are per
sistent offenders. I recommend, also, an
increase..in {ha number of Jnspectora,
whose duty It shall be to detect vio
lations of the act.
*?%i
1
NATIONAL PARKS IMPORTANT
California's Gift Should be Accepted
and Niagara Falls Preserved
I call your attention to the generous
?erring
ct of the state of California in con
upon the United States govern
ment the ownership of the Yosemite
Valley and the Mariposa Big Tree Grove.
There should be no delay. in accepting
the gift. and appropriations' should be
made for the including thereof In the
Yosemite iNatlonal park, and for the care
and policelrig of the park. California has
acted most wisely as well as with great
magnanimity in the matter. There are
certain mighty natural features of our
land which should be preserved In per
petuity for our children and our chil
dren's children. In my judgment the
Grand Canyon of the Colorado should be
made Into a national parkr It is great
ly to be wished that the state of New
York should copy as regards Niagara
what the state of California has done as
regards the Yosemite. Nothing should be
allowed to Interfere with the preserva
tion of Niagara Falls in all their beauty
and majesty. If the state can not see to
this then it is earnestly to be Wished
that "she should be willing to turn it over
to the national government, which
should In such case (If possible, in con
junction with the Canadian government)
assume the burden and responsibility
of preserving unharmed Niagara Falls
just as it should gladly assume a simi
lar burden and responsibility for the
Yosemite National park, and It has al
ready asumed them for the Yellowstone
National park. Adequate provision
should be made by the congress for the
proper care and supervision of all these
national parks. The boundaries of the
Yellowstone National park should be
extended to the south and east to take
In such portions of the abutting forest
reservation as will enable the govern
ment to protect the elk on their winter
range.
Preserving Buffalo Herds
The most characteristic animal of the
western plains was the great shaggy
maned wild ox, the bison, commonly
known as buffalo. Small fragments of
herds exist in a domesticated, state here
and there, a few of them in the Yellow
stone park. Such a herd as that on the
Flathead reservation should not. be al
lowed to go out of existence. Either On
some reservation or on some forest re
serve like the Wichita reserve and game
refuge provision should be made for the
presercatlon of such a herd. I believe
that the scheme would be of economic
advantage, for the robe of the buffalo
is of high market value, and the same
Is true of the robe of the crossbred an
imals.
PENSIONS FOR LIFE SAVERS
Heroic Service These Men Render
Receives Scanty Recognition
I call your especial attention to the
desirability of giving to the. members
of the life-saving' service pensions such
as are given to firemen and policemen
In -all our great 'cities. The men In the
life saving service continually and In the
most matter of fact way do deeds such
as' make Arnericaii3 proud of their coun
try. They have no political Influence
and they live In such remote places that
the really heroic services they contin
ually render receive the. scantiest recog
nition frp.m the public.' It is unjust for a
great nation "like this to permit' thesfe
men to become totally disabled or' to
meet death in the performance of their
hazardous duty and yet to give them no
sort of reward. If one of them serves
80 years' of his life in such a position he
should surely be entitled to retire on
half pay, as.a fireman or policeman does,
and If he becomes totally incapacitated
through, accident or sickness or loses his
health in the discharge of his duty he
or his family should receive a pension
just as any soldier should. I call your at
tention with especial earnestness to this
matter because It appeals not only to
our judgment but to our sympathy:, for
the people on Whose behalf I ask it are
comparatively few in number, render
Incalculable service of a partlculary dan-
for
erous 'kind, and have no one to speak
them.
INDIANS AND CITIZENSHIP
Sale of liquor to Them When Land
holders Should be Prohibited
During the year just past, the phase
of the Indian .question which has been
most sharply brought to publlo atten
tion Is the larger legal significance of
the Indian's Induction Into citizenship.
This has made itself manifest nqt only
in a great access of litigation In which
the citizen Indian figures as a party de
fendant anu in, a more widespread dis
position to levy local taxation upon his
personality, but in a decision of the
United States supreme court which
struck away the. main prop on which
has hitherto rested the government's
benevolent effort to-protect him against
the evils of Intemperance. The court
holds, in effect, that when an Indian be
comes, by virtue of an allotment of land
to him, a citizen of the state in which
his land is situated, he passes from un
der federal control In such matters as
this, and the acts of the congress pro
hibiting the sale or gift to him of in
toxicants become substantially inopera
tive. It is gratifying to note that the
states and municipalities of the west
which have most at stake In the wel
fare of the Indians are taking up this
subject -and are trying to supply, in a
measure at least, the abdication of Its
trusteeship forced upon the federal gov
ernment. Nevertheless, I would urgently
press upon the attention of the congress
the question whether some amendment
of the internal revenue laws might not
be of aid in prosecuting those malefac
tors, known in the Indian country as
"bootleggers," who are engaged at once
In defrauding the United States treasury
of taxes and, what Is far more Import
ant, in debauching the Indians by car
rying liquors illicitly into territory still
completely under federal jurisdiction.
Need of Better Schools
Among the crying present nee'ds of .the
Indians are more day schools situated
in the midst of their settlements, more
effective Instruction In the Industries
pursued on their own fartns, and a more
liberal extension of the field-matron ser
vice, which means the education of the
Indian women in the arts of home-mak
ing. Until the mothers are well started
In the right direction wo can not rea
sonably expect much from the children
who are soon to form an integral part
of our American citizenship. Moreover,
tWe excuses continually advanced by male
adult Indians for refusing offers of re
munerative employment at a dis
tance from their homes is that they
dare not leave their families too long
out of their sight. One effectual remedy
for this state of things is to employ the
minds and strengthen the moral fibre of
the Indian women—the end to which the
work of the field matron is especially
directed. I trust that the congress will
make Its appropriations for Indian day
schools and field matrons as generous
as may consist with the other pressing
demands upon its providence.
PHILIPPINES GOVERNMENT
Disease, Pestilence and Drought Have
Handicapped the Authorities in
Improving Conditions
During the last year the Philippine Is
lands have been slowly recovering from
the series of disasters which, since
American occupation, have greatly re
duced the amount of agricultural prod
ucts below what was produced in Span
ish times. The war. the rinderpest, tho
locusts, the drought, and tho cholera
have been united as causes to prevent a
return ot the prosperity much needed in
the islands. The most serious Is the
destruction by the rinderpest of more
than 73 per cent 'of the draft cattle, be
cause it .will take several years of
brecdlns to restore tho necessary num-
ber of tiese Indispensable aids to agrt
culture. fThe commission attempted to
supply by purchase from adjoining
counties. «he needed cattle, but the ex
perimentft made were unsuccessful. Most
•Jj*1* t»lorted were unable to
withstand the change of climate and the
rigors of the voyage and died from oth
er diseases th&n rinderpest.
Income Has Been Reduced
The income of the Philippine govern
ment has necessarily heen reduced by
reason of the business and agrlc&ltliral
depression In tha Islands, and the gov
ernment has been obliged to exercise
great economy to cut down its expenses,
to reduce salaries, and in every way to
avoid a deficit. It has adopted an in
ternal revenue law, imposing taxes on
cigars, ,cigarettes. and distilled liquors,
and abolishing the old. Spanish indus
trial taxes. The law has not operated as
Smoothly as was hoped, and although
its principle is undoubtedly correct, It
may need amendments for the purpose
of. reconciling the people to its provi
sions. The income derived from it has
partly made up for the reduction In
customs revenue.
There has been a marked Increase In
the number of Filipinos employed in
tha civil service, and a corresponding
decrease in the number ofi Americans.
The government in every one of its de
partments has been rendered more effi
cient by elimination of undesirable ma
terial and the promotion of deserving
public servants.
Internal Improvements
Improvements of harbors, roads and
bridges continue, although the cutting
down of the revenue forbids the expend
iture of any great amount from current
income for these purposes. Steps are
being taken, by advertisement for com
petitive bids, to secure the construction
and maintenance of 1,000 miles of rail
way by private corporations under the
recent enabling legislation of the con
gress. The transfer of the friar lands,
In accordance with the contract made
some two years ago, has been completely
effected, and the purchase money paid.
Provision has Just been made by statute
for the speedy settlement Mn. a special
proceeding in the supreme court of con
troversies over the possession and title
of church buildings and rectories aris
ing between the Roman Cathollo church
and schismatics claiming under ancient
municipalities. Negotiations and hear
ngs for the settlement of the amount due
to the Roman Catholic church fqr rent
and occupation of churches and rectories
by the army of the United States are in
progress, and it Is hoped a satisfactory
conclusion may be submitted to the con
gress before the end of the session.
Some Rebellious Disturbances
Tranquility has existed during the
past year throughout the archipelago,
except In me province of Cavite, the
province of Batangas. and the province
of Samar,—and in the island of Jolo
among the Moros. The Jolo disturbance
was put to an end by several sharp
and snort engagements, and now peace
prevails in the Juoro province. Cavite,
the mother of ladrones in the Spanish
times, is permeated with the traditional
sympathy of the people for ladronism as
to make it difficult to stamp out the dis
ease. Batanpas was only disturbed by
reason of the ..fugitive ladropes from
Cavite. Samar was thrown Into dis
turbance by the uneducated and partly
savage peoples living in the mountains,
who, having been given by the munic
ipal code more power than they were
able to everclse discreetly, elected munic
ipal officers who abused their trusts,
compelled the people raising hemp to
sell It at much less price than It was
worth, and by their abuse? drove their
people -Into resistance to constituted au
thority. Cavite and Samar are Instances
of reposing too much confidence in the
self-governing power of a people. The
disturbances have all now been sup
pressed, and it is hoped that with these
lessons local governments'can be formed
which will secure quiet and peace to the
deserving inhabitants. The incident is.
another proof of the fact that if. there
has been any error as regards giving
•self-government, In the Philippines it has
been in the direction of giving it too
quickly, not too slowly. A year from
next April the first legislative assembly
for the Islands will be held. On the sani
ty and self-restraint of this, body much
will depend so far as the future self
government of the islands is concerned:
Education is Popular
The most encouraging feature of the
whole situation has been the very great
interest taken by the common people In
education and the great Increase in the
number of enrolled students In the pub
lic schools. The increase was from 300,
000 to half a mllllgH' pupils. The average
attendance Is about 70 per cent. The
only limit upon the number of pupils
seems to be the capacity of the govern
ment to furnish teachers and school
houses.
Tariff Should be Lower
The agricultural conditions of the Is
lands enforce more strongly than ever
the argument In favor of reducing the
tariff on the products of the Philippine
Islands entering the United States. I
earnestly recommend that the tariff now
imposed by the. Dingley bill upon the
products or the Philippine Islands be en
tirely removed, ercept the tariff on su
gar and tobacco, and that the tariff be
reduced tp 25 per cent of the present
rates under the Dlnfcley act that after
the
Dingley acl.
July 1, 1909, the tariff upon tobacco and
sugar produced in the Philippine islands
be entirely removed, and that freetrade
between the Islands and the United
States in the products of each cbuntry
then be provided for by law.
Suspend Coast-Wise Laws
A statute in force, enacted April 15, 1904,
suspends tho operation of the coastwise
:ed St.
laws of the united States upon the
trade between the Philippine Islands and
Philip:
the United States until Jury 1 1908- I
earnestly recommend that this suspen
sion be postponed until July 1, 1909. I
think it of doubtful utility to apply the
coastwise laws to the trade between the
United States ai»d the Philippines, under
any circumstances, because I an con
vinced that It will do no good whatever
to Amerlcap bottoms, and will only In
terfere and be an obstacle to the trade
between the Philippines and the.United
States but If the coastwise law must be
thus applied, certainly It Ought not to
have effect until free trade is. enloyed
between the people of the United States
and the people of the Philippine Islands
In their respective products.
Free Trade With the Islands
I do not anticipate that free trade be
tween the islands and the United States
will produce a revolution in the sugar
and tobacco production of the Philippine
Islands, so primitive are the methods
of agriculture in the Philippine
Islands, so slow is capital in going to
the islands, so many difficulties sur
round a large agricultural enterprise In
the islands, that it will he many, many
years before the products, of those is
lands will have any effect whatever up
on the markets of the United States.
The problem of labor is also a formida
ble one with the sugar and tobacco pro
ducers in the Islands. Thoj best friends
of. the Filipino people aisd the people
themselves are utterlv opposed to the
admission of Chinese coolW labor. Hence
the only solution is the training of Fil
ipino labor, and this will -take a long
time. The enactment of law by the
congress of the United ates making
provision for free trade b® ween the is
lands and the United
Sta
es however,
will be of great importance from a po
litical and sentimental
sta
idpolnt and
while its actual benefit bi doubtless
been exaggerated by the I eople of the
Islands, they will accept
thft
measure of
justice as ah indication tigt the people
of the United States are sflXious to aid
the people of the PhllippMg Islands In
every way, and especially®n the agri
cultural development of "ft" archipel
ago. It will aid the Flllpin°i without in
juring the Interests in Aowl°®»
1
HAWAII TOO HEAVBlf TAXED
Portion of the Revenue
lands Should be Expei
In my judgment 1L
should be taken for the I
Hawaii. This is the most Ml
In the Pacific to fortify in
serve the Interests of tW
would be hard to overetrpA
ance of this need,. Hawaii\
taxed. Laws should be
aside for a period of. sa,
75 per cent of the intern
customs recelps from Ha
fund to be expended in
the Is-
Therein
idiate steps
[tlflcatlon of
jrtant point
der to cdn
.copntry. It
.he Import
too heavily
f.cted setting
™ehty years
'everiue and
as a special
.L«laqdf for
'•'3"»'-
~~A COURIER,
educational and public buildings, and for
harbor improvements artd military ahd
naval defenses. It can not be too often
repeated that our aim must be to de
velop the territory of Hawaii on tradi
tional American lines. That territory has
serious commercial and industrial prob
lems to reckon with but no measure of
relief can be considered which looks to
legislation admitting Chinese and re
stricting them by statute to field labor
and. domestic service. The status of ser
vility can never again be tolerated on
American soil. We can riot concede that
the proper solution of Its problems
Is special legislation admitting to
Hawaii a class of labor as de
nied admission to the other states and
territories. There are. obstacles, and
great obstacles,. in the .way of building
up a- representative American communl
ty In the Hawaiian Islands .but it is no't
in the American'Character, to give up in
the faoe of difficulty. Many an' Ameri
can commonwealth, has .been .built up
against odds equal to those that now
confront Hawaii.
Hawaii Should be Made American
Not merely half-hearted effort to meet
its problems as other American com
munities have met theirs can be accept
ed as final. Hawaii shall never become
a territory In which a governing class
of rich planters exists by means of cool
ie labor. Even if the rate of growth of
the territory Is thereby rendered slower,
the growth must only take place by the
admission, of Immigrants fit in the end
to assume the duties and burdens of full'
American citizenship. Our aim must be
to develop the territory on the same
basis of stable citizenship as exists on
this continent.
PORTO RICO NEEDS SOME AID
American Citizenship Should bo Con
ferred Upon People of the Island
earnestly advocate the, adoption of
legislation which will explicitly confer
American citizenship on all citizens of
Porto hico. There Is, In my judgment,
no excuse for failure to do this. The
harbor of San Jua'n should be dredged
and improved. The expenses of the fed
eral court of Porto Rico should be met
rrom the federal treasury, and, not from
the Porto Rican treasury. The. elections
In Porto Rico should take place every
four years, and the legislature should
meet in session every two years. The
present form of government In Porto
Rico, which provides for the appoint?
"lent by the president of the members
or the executive council or upper house
of the legislature, has proved satisfac
tory and has Inspired .' confidence In
property owners and Investors. I do not
deem it advisable at the present time
to change this form in any material
feature. The problems and needs of the
island are Industrial and commercial
rather than political.
Insular Affairs in General
I wish also to call the attention of the
congress to one question which affects
our Insular possessions generally name
ly, tne need Of an Increased liberality "In
the treatment of the whole franchise
question In these Islands. In the prop
er. desire to prevent* the Islands being
exploited by speculators! and to have
them develop In the Interest of their- own
people an error has been made in refus
ing to grant, sufficiently liberal terms to
Induce the Investment of American cap-.
U. Philippines ahd in Porto
Rlcp. Elsewhere in this message I have
spoken strongly against the jealousy of
mere wealth, and especially of corpor
ate wealth as such. But It Is particular
ly regretable to allow any. such Jeal
ousy- to be developed when we are deal
ing, either with' our Insular or with for
eign affairs. The big corporation has
achieved Its present position in the busi
world simply because it is the most
effective: instrument In business compe
tloiv. In foreign affairs we can not af
ford to put.. our people at a disadvan
tage witli their competitors by In liny
way discriminating against the efflciency
of our business! organlzaOons, In the
same way we can not afford to allow
our insular possessions to lag behind in
Industrial development from any twist
ed jealousy of business success. It Is,
of course, a mere truism to Say that the
business Interests of the Islands will
only be developed If It becomes the
financial Interest of somebody to devel
op them. Yet this development'^16 Orte of
-the things most earnestly to. be wished
for. in the interest of the islands them
selves. We have been paying all possi
ble heed to the political and educational
Interests of the islands, but, Important
though these objects are, It Is not less
Important that we should favor their
industrial, development. The government
cftn in certain Ways help this directly,
as by building' good road£ but the
fundamental and vital help rtust be giv
en through the development of the in
dustries of the Islands, and a most ef
ficient means to this end is to en
courage big American corporations to
start Industries in them and this means
to. make it advantageous for them to
do so. To limit the ownership of min
ing claims as has been done In the
Philippines Is absurd. In: both the Phil,
lppinee and Porto Rico the llinlt of hole"
lngs of land should be largely raised.
Alaska Entitled to Delegate
I earnestly ask that Alaefca be given
an elective delegate. Some .ipn should
be choseh Who can spealc with authori
ty of the needs of the territory. The
government should aid In the construc
tion of a railroad from thi gulf of Alaska
to the Yukon river, in American terri
tory. In my last two messages I advo.
tain additional action on behalf
it
cated cert
giving to Alaska some one authorized
to epeak for It. I should prefer that the
delegate was made elective, but if this
is not deemed' wise then make him ap
pointive. At'any rate, give Alaska some
person whose business It shall be to
speak with authority on her behalf to
the congress. The natural resources or
Alaska are great. Some of the chief
needs of the peculiarly energetic, self
reliant, and typically American white
population of Alaska were set. forth in
my last message". I also, earnestly ask
your attention'to the needs of the Alas
kan* Indians, All Indians who are 'com
petent should receive the- lull rights Of
American citizenship. It ip. for In
stance, a gross and indefensible wrong
to deny to such hardworking, 'decent
living Indians as the Metlakaltlas the
right to obtain licenses as captains, pi
lots and engineers, the right to enter
mining, claims, and to profit the
ky
homestad law. These particular Indians
are civilize*, and are competent and .en
titled to be put on the same basis wj£h
the white men round about them.
ADMISSION OF TERRITORIES
Two States Ought to be Made Out .of
the Four Southwest Territories
I recommend that Indian Terirtory and
Oklahoma be admitted as one state and
that New Mexico and Arizona be ad
mitted as one state. There is no obli
gation upon ue to treat terlrtorlal sub
divisions, which are matters of con
venience onlyj as blndlrig us on the
question of admission to statehood.
Nothing has taken up more time In the
congres during the past few years than
the question as to the state hood to be
granted to the four territories above
mentioned. and after careful considera
tion of all that has been developed Jn
the discussions of the question I recom
fend that they.be Immediately admitted
as two states. There is no justification
for further delay and the advisability
of making the -four territories into two
states has been clearly, established.
In some of the territories the legisla
tive assemblies issue licenses for gamb
ling. The congress should by law forbid,
this practice, the harmful results of
which are-obvious at a glance.
PANAMA CANAL PROBLEMS
Route and Feasibility Decided—Rec
ommendations on Type of Canal
"Will Be Made Later
The treaty between the United States
and the Republic of Panama, under
which, the construction of .the Panama
canal was made possible, went into ef
fect with its ratification by the United
States senate on February. 23, 1904. The
canal properties, pf the French Canal
company were transferred to the United
States on April 23, 1904, on payment of
AO.0QQ.QM to that company. On April l.
Sapartment,
•fiP« mmmmmmm
1906. the commission was reorganised,
and It now consists of Theodore P.
Shonts, chairman, Charles E. Magaon,
Benjamin M. Harrod, Rear Admiral
Mordecai T. Endicott, Brigadier General
Veter C. Halns, and Colonel Oswald H.
Ernst. John F. Stevens was appointed
chief engineer on July 1 last. Active
work in canal construction, mainly pre
paratory, has been In progress for less
than. a year and a half. During that
period two points about the canal have
ceased to be open tc debate.
First, the question of route the canal
will be built on the isthmus of Panama.
Second, the question of feasablllty there
are no physical obstacles on this route
that American enginerlng skill will not
be able to overcome without serious dif
ficulty,' or that .will prevent the comple
tion of the canal within a reasonable
time and at a reasonable cost. This is
virtually the unanimous testimony of the
engineers who have Investigated the
matter for tne government.
The point which remains unsttled is
the question of type, whether the canal
shall be one of several locks above sea
level, or at sea level with a single tide
look. On this point I hope to lay before
the congress at an early day the .findings
of the advisory board of American and
Eiuropean engineers, that at my Invita
tion nave been considering the subject,
together with the report of the com
mission thereon and such comments
thereon or recommendations in reference
thereto as may seem necessary.
Sanitation of Canal Zone
The American people is pledged to the
speediest possible construction of a canal
adequate to meet the demands which the
commerce of the wprld will make upon
It, and I appeal most earnestly to the
congress to aid In the fulfillment of the
pledge, Gratifying progress. has been
made during the past year and especially
during the past four months. The great
er part of the necessary preliminary
work has been done. Actual work of ex
cavation could be begun only on a limit
ed scale till the canal gone was made a
healthful place to live In and to work
In. The isthmus had to be sanitated first.
This task has been so thoroughly ac
complished that yellow fever has been
virtually extirpated from the Isthmus
and general health conditions vastly im-i
proved. The same methods which con
verted the Island of Cuba from a pest
hole, which menaced the health ot the
world, into a healthful place of abode,
have been applied on the isthmus with
satisfactory results. There. is no reason
to doubt that when the plans for wa
ter' supply, paving, and sewerage of
Panama and Colon and the large labor
camps have been fully carried out, the
isthmus will be for the tropics, an un
usually healthy place of abode. The work
Is so far advanced now that the health
of all those employed In canal work is
as well guarded as It is on similar work
In this country and elsewhere.
Care For the Laborers
In addition to sanitating the Isthmus,
satisfactory quarters are being provided
for employes and an adequate system of
suplylng them with wholesome food, at
reasonable prices has been created. Hos
pitals have been established and equipp
ed that are without superiors of their
kind anywhere. The country has thus
tar been made fit to work in, and pro
vision, has been made for the welfare
and comfort of those who are to do the
work. During the past year a large por
tion of the plant with which the work
Is to be done has been ordered. It Is
confidently believed, that by the middle
of ,the \approachlng year a sufficient
proportion of this plant will have been
Installed to enable us to1 resume the
work of excavation on a large scale.
Appropriation Must be Made
"What Is needed now and without de
lay Is an appropriation by the congress
to meet the current and accurlng ex
penses of the commission. The first ap
iroprlation of {10,000,000, out of the $1,
authorized by the Spooner act,
_..ade three years ago, It Is nearly
exhausted. There Is: barely enough of It
remaining to carry the cqmmlssion to
the end of thei year. Unless the con
gress shall' appropriate before that time
all work must cease. To arrest progress
for any length of time now, when mat
ters are advancing so satisfactorily,
would be deplorable. There will be no
money with which to meet pay-roll ob
ligations and none with which to meet
bills coming due for materials and sup
plies and there will be demoralization
of the forces here and on the Isthmus,
now working so harmoniously and ef
fectively, if there Is delay in granting
an emergency appropriation. Estimates
of the amount necessary will be found
In the accompanying reports of the sec
retary of war and the commission.
STATE DEPARTMENT'S WORK
Larger Force Is Needed and There
Should Be a Revision of Method*
Now Established By Law
I recommend more adequate provision
than has been made hertofore for the
work of the department of state. With
in a few years there has been a very
great increase In the amount and im-
ortance of the work to be done by that
both in Washington and
abroad. This has been fcauaed by the
great Increase of our foreign trade, the
Increase of wealth among our people,
which enables them to travel more gen
erally than heretofore, the Increase of
American capital which is seeking In
vestment In foreign countries, and the
growth of our power and weight In the
councils of the civilized world. There
has been no corresponding Increase of
facilities for doing the work afforded to
the department having charge of our
foreign relations.
Working Force Is Too Small
Neither at home nor abroad Is there
a sufficient working force to do the bus
lnes properly. In many respects the sys
tem which was adequate to the work of
twenty,five, or even ten, years ago, Is
Inadequate now, and should be changed.
Our consular force should be classified,
and appointments should be made to the
several -classes, with authority to the
executive to assign the members of each
claps to duty at such posts as the in
terests "of the service require, instead of
the appointments being made as at
present -to specified posts. There should
be an adequate Inspection service, so
that the department may be able to
Inform Itself how the business of each
consulate is being done, instead of de
pending upon casual private informa
tion or rumor. The fee system should be
entirely abolished, and a due equivalent
made In salary to the officers who now
eke out their subsistence by means of
fees. Sufficient provision should be made
for a clerical force In every consulate,
composed entirely of Americans. Instead
of the Insufficient provision now made,
which compels the employment of great
numbers of citizens of foreign countries
whose services can be obtained for less
money. At a large part of our consul
ates the office quarters and the clerical
force are Inadequate to the performance
of the onerous duties Imposed by the re
cent provisions of our Immigration laws
as well' as by our Increasing trade. In
many parts of the world the laok of
suitable quarters for our embassies, le
gations, and consulates detracts from
the respect in which our officers ought
to be held, and seriously Impairs their
weight and influence.
More Money Needed
Suitable provision should be made for
the expense of keeping our diplomatic
officers more fully Informed of what Is
being done from day to day in the prog
ress of our diplomatic affairs, with oth
er countries. The lack of such Informa
tion, caused by Insufficient appropria
tions available for cable tolls and for
clerical and messenger service, frequent
ly puts Our officers at a great disadvan
tage and detracts from their usefulness.
The salary list should be readjusted. It
does not now ..correspond either to the
Importance of the service to be rendered
and the degrees of ability and experi
ence required In the different positions,
or to the differences In the cost of liv
ing. In many cases the salaries are quite
Inadequate.
THEODORE ROOSEVELT.
"Henry, if I were a young man like
you, and expected to have to make
my own way in the world some day,
I should try to make my expenses
come within my income."
"Father, if I were as rich as you
are, and had only one son, I'd try
to bring his Income up to his ex
oenses."—Chicago Tribune,
mm mm
VICTIMS IN TIME OF PEACE
More Railway Men Killed Yearly
Than Fell in Three Battles
When the young men of the coun
try are called forth to war they march
through the streets with flags flying
and bands playing-. Inspiring music.
The people crowd the streets 'and
greet them .with applause. When
news of* a. battle .is received the en
tire nation is sad at the story of
lives destroyed. Those who thus die
are honored for their heroism, and
monuments are erected to their mem
ory, while those who return maimed
are pensioned.. N&t
,90,...however,,
the army that go^s forth daily to do
duty upon our railrqads? O'nei, in
every 80 of them will'be permanently
disabled "and one in every nine of the
lnjured will be -killed. They pass
away, unknown and unhonored, save
as to th^lr families ahd fVlends.
A more vivid notioh of the destruQ*
tiveness of. railroads may be had by
considering tho faot that hi the great
Crimean conflict which was one of
the bloodiest wars 'in history the
British lost less thaii half as many'
slain and wounded as were killed and
maimed, on the Irqn roads in this
country during the last year. In
any twelve-month about 60,000 per
sons are killed .or Injured on the rail
roads of the United States—a much
greater number than fell at the bat
tle of Sedan, 'which sealed the fate
of the second empire of France.
Wellington won Waterloo and Meade,
Gettysburg, with losses of 23,186
and 28,003, respectively, and the total
losses on both sides at Shiloh In. the
two days' murderous fight did not
reach 34.Q0I),
More railroad employes were killed
in the United States last year than
three times the number of Union men
slain at the battles ot Lookout Moun
tain, Missionary R|dg'e and' Orchard
Knob combined. The number of Ip«
jured among these: workers In thei
transportation business was greater
than that of the wounded and missing
at Shiloh, Antietam ftnd the flrat ana
second Bull Hun combined. More
faithful toller# on thp Iron ro*da of
this country went down In sudden
death during the twelve-month than
perished In tho battle of the Wilder
ness,
Each year 6ne In evety ten train
men, in the United States (this term
including, engineers,, firemen, con
ductors and brakemep)' Is injured,
and one In every 136 is killed. Two
hundred and fifty men are killed and
2,800 are disabled In an average
twelve-mopth, while coupling or un
coupling cars. In'the'same length of
time 96 persons are slain and 990 in
jured by being knocked from cars by
bridges or other obstacles at the side
of the track. On the other hand,
only one passenger. Is killed for every
1, 880,000 carried, and one hurt for
every. 9T. 000. The average passen
ger travels 2,946,878 miles before he1
is Injured, and he gofes 67,000,000
miles before he loses his life.—Pear
son's Ma^rasine.
OliD FASHIONED RAG CARPET
"What has become of the old
fashioned rag carpet?" queries art
Iowa editor
There are a, few of them left, and
you will find them In the quiefNatid
peaceful homes of the old-fashioned
folk in Missouri and Illinois. And
you couldn't make & room look as
restful with Turkish^rugs, and Wil
ton carpets and Assyrian dewdads,' as
you can with a warm, thick "hlt-an'
miss" rag carpet like our grandmoth
ers used to make. When yott walk in
on one of those rag carpets you just
feel like kicking oft your shoes,
flinging your coat In 4 corner, and
flopping dowh lri front of the stove"
to get a real, genuine rest.
None of your dinky little old din
gy rugs that decorate a polished floor
Hke a postage stamp on a No. 10 en
velope. Not much I When you step
on that rag carpet you know its
tacked down and that It won't srtp out
from under you and throw you up
against a lot pf brjc-a-brac piled In
artistic abandon oh a wobly onyx ta
ble that stands precariously on three
legs right where it will smash the
gold flsh globe If It topples over. Not
much It won't. You know that car
pet, made by a bright eyed old moth
er whose cheeks were rsy and whose
mouth always wore a smile, ahd hot
by a sore-eyed Turk sitting cross
legged on a dirt floor and weaving
Impossible designs out of ragt that
came from hobody knows where—I
say, you know that carpet will stay
right there Under your feet and not
go to forcing you Into a gymnastic
exercise that wilt betray your stiff
old Joints and your forty-four inches
around the waistband.
The old rag carpet Is a perpetual
invitation to a good time.' When you
see it you know you are'welcome.
But when you enter a room with a'
waxed flpor and a Job lot of Imported
rugs scattered here--and there y6u
Just feel In your bones that the host
is wondering it the nails In your shoes
are going- to scratoh the flopr or break
a thread In the rugs.
Woman First In the World
"The Arctic Eskimos have their
tradition of the-origin of man much
the same as the Caucasian., and their
tales of the prowess in battle, their
sagas relating the past glories of
what, is now an almost,,extinct race,
are as thpilling as some of those that
tell of the wondrous 'deeds of Odin
and Thor, or those Grecian ancients
whoso deeds .are yet preserved In
prose and poetry."
So says Dr. Jonhn P. Drlggs, the
medical' missionary at Point Hope,
who has lived among the Arctic na
tives almost continuously for fifteen
years. Dr. Drlggs believes that man
had his origin within the arctic cir
cle. "According to Eskimo tradi
tion," saya Dr.. Drlggs, "the first
man was made not from the dust of
the earth, but from a piece of chew
ing gum—for be it known that the
Indian is the original gum chewer as
well as tobacco smoker. BUt woman
was first. The flrst woman was lying
one day on her couch of furs-, chew
ing gum. Growing weary. She took
It from her .mouth and fashioned it
Into the form of a man. Tired then,
she fell asleep, to find, upon her
awakening, that the breath of life
had been breathed into the figure of
gum of which Bhe had been the archi
tect, and, lo, man was there! And
so the world began to be peopled."
It is related as a fact that high
upon a mountain to the north and east
of Point Hope are the skeletons dl
three oomlaks, or boats. In good
condition. They have been well pre
served during 20,000 years or more
by climatic conditions, and may have
been the original Noah's arks. They
at one time in all probability rested
upon the beach.—St. Louis Globe
Democrat
Substitute for Salt Creek
Political bosses retiring from busi
ness should inform themselves about
our Island of Guam. There Is per
fect rest there, or as niear It as Is
consistent with the use of the Aland
as a cable station. The climate Is
good, and there Is room enough on
the Island for a race track. It is re
mote, but not too remote. It couldn't
be.—Harper's Weekly.
23
ipss$
a
is
avtomobtus
twrsTtacss
Test of a Machine Designed to Abate
a Great Nuieaqee
Consul Halstead, of" Birmingham,
reports, that muoh. of the opposition
in England to motor cars is due
the amount of duet they create, and' 'Ai-j
that In consequence there Is consider
able difficulty in renting houses lo
'cated in roads, used by motor cars.\
The "-consul says 'ijft
"A private demonstration was re-V .A5*
cently.given with a Spyker car, whlohw^
ha£ been especially', designed with reNaijs
erence to the,dU,st nuisance, and for1 .'.'
comparison, tbs Spj^ker .and several
other qors, .ljoth English and foreign
\yere driven down .Selected portions nfesa-
4 toad, i^hlle photographs were tak-Sfc
en .to sh6w how mpch dust eac.\„
raised The Autocar-reports the road ."
was of a. sandy Aature, and Its dust
producing qualities so great that when
one of the cars- was driven over if
at a'speed of forty miles an hour the
cloud of dust was so great that it was
five minutes before- the atmosphere
was clear enough for the trial of thq ....
rtext:car, so that the photograph c«ul(l' ,:
be taken. v'
"A photo of the SpyKter car when
driven at twenty miles an hour over
so dusty a road a* that referred to
indicates, according to the Autocar's
photographic reproduction and re
port, that it was as near dustless as
possible, due to the fact that the
body Is somewhat higher off the
ground than usual, and that the pro
tectiye met&l apron gives a clear,'
smooth, clear run for tho air passing
beneath the car, and, tha fly wheel
being inclosed, ho vortex Is set up
thereby to disturb the dust lying up
on the road. The exhaust also la
discharged at a good- elevation and
through a. fan-shaped orifice directly
toward the rear of the car, where it
Is claimed it tends, to destroy the vac
oum caused lpnjnediately in the rear
or the vehicle by. its rapid passage
through theuAir, and to which is due
the rising of the dust from the road.
The Autocar believes ths,t this quality
of dustJewness, haying l?een proved
a salient feature of the Spyker car,
It will he appreciated by those con
siderate people, who' feel more- than
purturbed when driving through the
country and leaving a pillar of dust
behind them, even when their pace
Is kept down' below the legal speed
limit, especially as It indorses their
ylews expressed from time to time
with regard to the effect of-attention
to the clear run given to the
atmosphere beneath a car."—New
Tork American.
It is pretty good betting that. O'
Brien will make a clever light, his fa*
vorlte kind. Barring accident he
should make Fltz bring all of hts sci
ence into play and also show Just how
much speed he still has, as well as
nls and recuperative powers,
O'Brien knows too much to wade
right in at tho start and exchange
punches with the man who has boen
knocking out big men for over 20
years.
-It was claimed at the time of the
Flts-Schreck fiasco that Bob'e under
pinning was not all that-It should be
and that he could not stand a strenu
ous spell of training or the hard let
test incident to a ring encounter with
a willing worker.
Th« O'Brien bout win tell all this,
Fits has bean going along for a long
time now and If he retains one-half
his former ability to live through a
business contest, it will only empha
sise the. faot that he Is one of the
greatest boxers who ever entered the
ring.
That he himself also appreciates the
fact that he is meeting a shifty man
and will need all possible speed. Is
evidenced by the fact that he has se
lected two lightweights as training
partners. Billy Rhodes and George
Mamsto. He |s not. the flrst clever
man to pursue the same tactics. Jim
CJorbett used to bo* with little Cas
per }L.eon when he was training for
an Important: battln. Fltz knows he
Isn't as fast as. h® formerly was, and
he -is doing the sensible thing in se
lecting, two fast young men as help
ers. Just how majiy fights Fitz has
engaged In will probabJy never be
known,
One scribe tried to figure It out
once, but the type didn't run that
high. As he afterward remarked.
Bob's battles ran up into three figures
and he didn't pare where you put the
decimal point: either.
1
."'i'
1
"The assay ran:
Wis:
rl
'si
\f9
1
fe:
CRUCIAIi TEST FOR OI/D MAN
A New York dispatch- says boxing
devotefes in the eaist are taking consid
erable ihterest In the coming contest
Jetweeri Bob Fltzslmtnons and Phila
delphia Jack Q'brlfen. The bout is
not only attractive because It should
result. In liberal display of flstio
pyroteohhics, hut'because It will also
give a true line on Flta'a present stat
us as a ring man.
O'Brien is just th^ man-to make
Flta extend himself because he has
speed and cleverness. Were he a
boxer of the vowgh and ready order,
one ever ready to take a punch or give
one. It might be a "case of. the-one
reaching the proper Spot first, win*
ning.
rfiiji
i.
t.
J&a
&
wk
Li
f£
ij?
v-'-y.:
An. Affirmative.
Answer
The late Alpheus D, DuBois, the
New York school teacher, who,
though his salary never exceeded $3.
000, managed to. accumulate a for
tune of $750i 000, was a man of thrift
and of system.
"Mr DuBois," said'a school teach
er, "was systematic in everything.
Ho even kdpt a book of examples of
school children's literary style.
"This book w&s very interesting..
He showed it to me one day, and
still remember, under the head of
'Bombastic and Hlfalutln',' an essay
of one paragraph on the question,
'Which was the .greater general.
Caesar or Hannibal?"
1
JWhen we consider the ttmes In
which these two great generals lived,
the conditions Under which they gov
erned, the people, over whom they
reigned, and the difficulties under
which they fought, we are compelled
to answer In the affirmative.'"
Dr. Bull Needed tlio Money
When Dr. Bull, the now famous
specialist, began, the practice of
medicine as a young man, he num
bered among hisr first patients a cer
tain Mr Darlie of Woonsocket. R.
I. For a time the young physician
treated his patient successfully for a
very painful tumor on the neck.
One day the doctor called to In
quire after his patient's progress. Al
though assured that the latter was
enjoying health he had never known
before, he at once assumed an air
of the greatest concern and advised
a speedy operation.
"But." said the astonished con
valescent in broadest Scotb. "Dlnna
ye tell me yourself an operation
wasna netfessary! I'm feelin* better
than I ha'e two year gone, an'.wha'
d'ye want to cut me noo fur?"
The physician hesitated a xqoment,
then resumed, embarrassedly: "Well,
you see, my good man, I need th«
money."
''Oh," saJd thfe patient, much re
lieved, "if its the siller ye're after,
a' right. I was afeared ye war ower
anxlous for the experience."
mm
1
set"
r\i/
V1*1
1
1
4
"XV*
'M
1m
1
V*
I**
ills
iV.' V*'
fcp f*(v