1®
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KEEP THE CATTLE FAT
this Con Be Done Without In Any
Way Hurting Their Breeding
^."J '?•-', Qualities.
IT
&
IS not uncommon for a breeder
who keeps his h§rd In good flesh
to be asked, "How do you get
your cows to raise calves when in such
high condition?" or, "How do you pre
vent your calves from having blackleg
when they get so fat?"
It is almost useless to tell such
people that the cattle are better off
for being in good flesh, and that the
dangers from disease are less. They
usually can remember some cow in
good condition that failed to breed
(for they forgot thin ones that did
the same), 5r some good, young bull,
purchased for use, that dies of black
leg, rather than live on poor food.
The most of the cattle raised in this
country have at different times of life
been without food when it was badly
needed, and' each of these times has
caused them to lose growth that they
were never able to gain again. Vet
erinarians tell us that cattle in good,
strong condition withstand ailments
or diseases that would prove trouble
some. if tj^ey were in a weaker con
dition. Cattle that have been well
kept for generations transmit their
easy feeding habits to their offspring,
just as strongly as the different breeds
of dogs Inherit their peculiarities from
their ancestors.
The cattle should be of the easy
feeding, thick-fleshed kind, with good,
tiulet dispositions. Often the hard
keeping, thln-fleshed kind produce
good easy-feeding calves, when
crossed with a low-down, blocky,
furry-coated bull, and the more such
blood they get the better they will
feed.
In selecting feeds, get as much of a
variety as possible, o£ feeds that are
rich in protein, for it is this kind that
build up the muscular parts and keep
up vigor. 'Oats are probably the best
of the grains for breeding animals,
and are a very safe feed at all times.
Corn, oats and bran, form a splendid
feed for growing calves, and older
stock as well. Corn alone Is not a
safe feed, a3 it produces too much fat
and causes a loss of vigor.
The little calves should be watched
carefully at' first to see that they suck
regularly and not too much. During
the winter months they should be kept
apart from their dams in the day, but
tor the first two months they should
be given a light feed of shelled corn
and oats, with a little bran added, and
bright hay should be kept in the racks.
If born in the spring they can run
with their dams on grass until four
months of age at least, and the heifer
can run even longer. '"The bull calves
should be put in separate pasture or
ot and allowed to suck twice a day.
They should be taught to eat, and fed
lome grain to keep-' them in good
thrifty condition.
As the calves .reach six or eight
months of age they should be weaned.
BO
that the cows may have a good rest
before calving again. Now we have
reached a point that will greatly affect
their future. Instead of shutting a lot
of wild calves .into a tight pen, where
they will bawl until starvation induces
them to eat, we should teach them to
eat and gradually increase their feed
until .they are- weaned. In" this way
we retain the calf fat and put no
check to their growth.
From this on the bulls will need
mqye feed, as they grow faster than
heifers. They may be kept in a lot
or pasture together for a tittle, but as
they begin to play harder they had
better be kept in box stalls or tied
most of the time, allowing them to
run out for a few hours each day.
When a number are running 'to
gether all the time, they -will scuffle
and play too much, and some will run
down in flesh in spite of all you can
do for them, but when kept quiet these
same ones may be among the best
Handled in this way they will require
less grain and usually give better satis
faction to their purchasers. Many
young bulls are injured at this age by
being fed too much corn in order to
keep up the flesh that they waste in
scuffling aro.und the lot.
The herd bulls should be kept in
good, sound condition and allowed to
take plenty of exercise. It is best to
have them gain during the breeding
season as they are apt to breed surer.
The extra flesh can easily be worked
off with exercise and a slight decrease
in the feed. Oats should form the
principal part of the grain ration, and
clover and alfalfa should be fed rather
lightly, as too much of this kind of
hay- is liable to ..make them too slow
when full.
The heifers should be fed quite well
until they get strong enough to care
for'themselves, say twelve months old.
By this time they can consume more I
roughness, and if on good pasture will
do picely without grain.
When from twenty to twenty-fou#
months old they shoull be bred. In
breeding, avoid having the calves come
during the extreme hot weather, as the
flies and heat are too hard on them.
If the heifers are to calve during the
winter they should have Increased
teed at least two
monthB
Dften
the result.
HM,«.V:
before calv
ing. Many cows and heifers are al
lowed to shrink at this time, un
noticed by the feeder until it is too
late, and trouble at calving time
Ib
After the calf is born the leed
Bhould be Increased as the calf needs
more milk. A heifer kept in good
condition until her first calf Is weaned
will give little trouble to her feeder
afterwards. After weaning, the calves
can be. kept quite, cheaply on good,
rough feed, with a Ifrae grain added
during storms. The shelter need not
be os»iosive, but should be dry and
w«l! vent8»ted.
Cattle that are out during the day
should pot be but in hot barns, as the
•a? %&
i.'fVJS.V-1..'1,
,, .H.,.»w
change is apt to give tH6m colds. On
bad, stortny days they should be out
only long -eno\*(fh to drink and get
some exercise. Dry cows can be win
tered. nicely in. open shede or with tim
ber for Shelter, if they are In good
condition.
ROOT CROPS FOR STOCK.
.While roots have been used by
Eastern farmers to a considerable ex
tent they are only Just now being
adopted 'on a large scale, by Western
farmers. in -Coloirado, Kansas and
other Westerh states,, farmers are
growing the giant -sugar mangel to be
used in fattening cattle, sheep- and
hogs. ."
Half Su^jkt" Mangel, gig, yield and
as to
Experiments 'oy the New York
station show that the use of mangels
is highly profitable and that on mod-
:'v ..
Vilmartn Half Sugar' White Mangel.
Good early and late.
erately rich ground crops can be pro
duced at small cost
The accompanying pictures show
the roots most in favor with Eastern
farmers..
NATIONAL GRANGES MEETING.
The forty-first annual session of the
National Orange PatrOns of Hus
bandry will be held at Hartford, Conn.,
beginning'.November 12, and continu
ing ten days. This body is composed
of the Masters of the various state
granges .and their 'Wives, but all Pa
trons of Husbandry may attend the
sessions and participate in the discus
sions if the sb desire, but cannot vote.
This is the right' and privilege alone
of the state Masters and Matrons.
There was a proposition at the last
session of the National Grange held at
Denver, Colo., by the Master of Wash
ington .tate Grange, changing the
basis of representation in the National
Grange so as to include, In addition to
the present vote of two members from
each state, a second vote to be known
as the representative vote, based on
the number of granges in good stand
ing in each state. But the resolution
did not prevail.
t- is expected that the attendance
on the next National.meeting will ex
ceed all previous, records and, that the
seventh degree class will consist of
2.00.0 members, requiring two sessions
for conferring this, the highest degree
iu the Order.- At the Portland, Ma.,
session some years ago, 1,700 persons
were initiated into the mysteries of
this beautiful degree. As a matter of
information, I may say that there are
seven degrees, in the .Order of Patrons
of Husbandry, the first being conferred
in the subordinate local granges, the
fifth in the Pomona or county granges,
the. sixth in the State grange, and the
seventh In the National grange.
The total grange membership in the
United States is estimated af about
900,000,. at the head of which is Na
tionaWMaster Hon. N. J. Bachelder, of
New Hampshire, a former- Governor
of that state. In the direction of the
vaBt
work of the Grange he has the
valuable assistance of an Executive
Committee composed^ of the following
named gentlemen: Hon. E. B. Norris,
Past Master Of New York State
Grange tex-Gov. C..- J. Bell, of Ver
mont, also a Past -Master, and Hon.
F. A. Derthlck, Master of the Ohio
State Grange.
At the forthcoming session the bi-
jennial election of officers will occur
and business of more than ordinary
importance will- come up for consider
ation. In view of the growing influ
ence of the grange, its action on the
great questions that bear directly, or
even indirectly,- on the farmers' wel
fare, will. ha.watched with marked in
terest the country over. Among the
questions that will demand attention
will be the Parcels Ppst, Extension of
Rural Mall Delivery, Postal Rates,
Taxation, Transportation, Agricultural
Education, Good Roads, Forestry,
Grange Life Insurance, and many
others.—J, W. Darrow.
The man that thinks he can scrimp
by using poor Salt, surely $crlmps him
self, and that 'Is the scrimping that
hurts a fellow worst of all. The best
salt, and nothing but the best, is the
right motto.
Farmers of Brown- county. Wis.,
have iormed. a cattle organization with
the object o,f promoting the industry
and securing a' higher grade. of ani
mals for its members.
PLANT TREES IN FALL
Illinois orchardist Says He Has Had
Good Results With Apple
Trees.
(By W. H. Underwood, Illinois.)
THEREplanting
is some controversy as to
the of apple trees In
the fall. However, my many
years of experience in fruit-growing
teaches me that the moat appropriate
time to plant an apple orchard Is at
this season of the year.
I have found that good, thrifty, one
year-old trees are the best to plant,
because they get damaged less if ship
ped from a distant nursery. They are
more apt to live, are more quickly
and easily set, and contain more
fibrous roots than older trees. It Is
not necessary to cut the top back. It
can be permitted to grow straight up,
forming a beautiful top, without the
numerous forks so objectionable to
trees that have been headed back, as
must be done with three-year-old
trees, to make the top correspond with
the roots that have been cut off.
In setting the trees, they should be
put at least twenty-four feet apart
each way and about two or three
Inches deeper than they were grown
In the nursery row. It is very import
ant that all the roots are placed in
their natural position, with mellow
earth worked well among them. A
mound of earth should be thrown up
around the trunk of each tree and a
protection of cornstalks, lath or paper
be placed around the body to keep
rabbits from gnawing them.
Another tequislte Is to watch the
trees, and when you seen an open
space around them, which is caused
by the wind moving the trees, keep
that filled up and well packed. This
shou'd always be looked into before
winter begins. There will very likely
be found a space from one-half to two
inches. The rain and snow settle in
this space, and freezing there, always
hurts the trees more or less. I am of
the opinion that more young trees die
I from this cause than from any other,
I and I believe that this is the cause
of blight to a certain extent.
In the spring a leguminous crop of
some kind should be grown between
the trees. I prefer cowpeas. I find it
necessary to sow them in rows in or
der to cultivate the orchard. Such
crops as potatoes, corn, etc., are ex
cellent, however, for the first season.
The trees must be kept well culti
vated until they are. at least seven
years old.' If the first season after«the
trees are planted Is rather damp, they
should be cultivated pretty deep, but
if it should be dry, three Inches deep
will be sufficient. Make it a practice
to stir the soil at least every two
weeks.
After the trees have been set one
season, watch every tree, and do not
aliow them to grow forks. Cut off all
forks whenever you see them begin
ning to form. If any of the branches
are. inclined to grow too fast, th,ey
must be cut back. Whenever you
notice one side of the tree inclined to
grow too fast, and likely to -get out
of balance, cut it back. Always aim
to keep a spiral stem and have the
branches start out horizontally.
After the trees come Into bearing,
cropping should cease, but cultivation
should be continued as long as the
trees continue to bear. The great mis
take that some make is in keeping
their orchards in a blue grass sod.
You might as well try to raise corn
successfully in such sod, as apples.
I find that when an orchard is al
lowed to remain in grass without being
cultivated through the growing season,
the development of the trees Is
checked. Such trees easily succumb
t- drouth, which prevents the health
ful formation of fruit buds and the
deposit of material for eprly growth In
the spring.—Wm. H. Underwood,
Ozark, 111.
WALL STREET AND THE FARMER.
Time was when Wall Street im
agined that it controlled the destinies
of the country. That is no longer so
and the flnancial convulsions that
daily take place in that money center
do not affect- in any marked degree
the solid industries of the country.
Least of all does it affect the farmer.
E. H. Harriman, the great railroad
stock juggler, was forced to admit last
week, after a long trip throughout the
West, that the country was too big for
Wall Street, and that the farmers,
manufacturers and business men out
side of New York paid very little at
tention to what is going on there.
The demand for bottled milk in the
saloons and drug stores of New York
is increasing so rapidly that prices
have been advanced. This will be good
news, to the dairy farmers of that state
because in the past few years many of
them have been able to make nothing
more than a bare living.
I
k*
COPYRIGHTED 1907, BY ASSOCIATED FARM PRESS.
POULTRY QUESTIONS AND AN
SWERS.
C. F. P.—-Chicks should not be fed
oats with hulls on. Hulled oats can
generally be secured from grain deal
ers.
E. E.—It costs about
The ground should be loose and
moist, enough to work well, but not
wet and sticky. At this time the
growing season is over, and the trees
wvill hardly be affected at all by the ways more or less, gralrt left
change from nursery to orchard. The
roots that have been cut in digging
and preparing for re-setting will
calous over. The ground will Settle
firmly about the roots, and in the
spring the trees are ready to awaken
intd new life without a check to their
growth.
$1.20
a year
to feed a fowl.
S. D. F.—to our way of thinking,
the evening mash is all right during
the warm part of the year, but during
winter we prefer the warm mdrnlng
mash, as it not only warms Up the
fowl., but quickly digests. An hour or
so after this meal the fowl becomes
hungry and begins a-search for some
thing to eat. If there is litter in the
house or scratching shed, she will
Start right in to work. There is al
tn the
litter from the evenfitg feed, and this
gives the busy fowl Art inducement to
exercise#
t«, We are 'hot opposed to corn
a part poultry, ioo,d, but as an ex
clusive article, or fed in the manne?
that so many do, we can see very little
good and much harpi coming, from Its
use. Corn is a heat and fat-producing
food, and to laying hens such only
should be fed by Way of variety.
0. W. R.—We, So not believe that
roup is hereditary, but where fowls
are bred which haVe been "apparently
cured" Of roup, a weak, constitution is
the heritage of the offspMng, which
may sooner or later-lead on the roup.
Fowls that^are weakly constituted are
more susceptible to colds than those
bred from strong, rugged parents.
W. E. R.-—The cause of hens dying
dtirlng molt is due to general debility.
It is only the strong that pass through
the ordeal.
E. R. T.—Rusty Iron placed in the
drinking water Is. about as good a
trtnlc. lis anything we know of.
O., P. B.—Overcrowding chicks or
fo.wl# causes more weakness among
the flock than anything that can be
doiie.
R. T. H.—No yard. should be less
than fifty feet in length, and as wide
as ,the poultry house.
C. J. W.—The only objection to hay
ing a scratching shed under the hen
house is the difficulty In getting, under
It to clean it and gather- the eggs.
W. G: C.—Tour house should have
a double wall, with paper between, the
whitewash may soon .rot the paper if
kept on the inside of the:
.building. The
best floors for hen houses are loose
earth.—-M. K. Boyer.
THE PROPER WEIGHT OF GILTS.
Much has been Written- regarding
the proper size and weight.pf the gilts,
that are to be retained for breeding
purposes, should attain at from eleven
months to one year of age. I know
breeders who make the claim that
four or five hundred pounds is.riothlng
startling for a gilt to weigh at eleven
months to one year of age.
While it is' not my' aim to belittle
the. achievements of breeders who are
much older and more experienced than
the writer, yet it is a question in my
mind if that kind of gilts wOuld provfr
very successful in the hands Of anyone
but an experienced hog man who had
every convenience for caring for them
to the best possible advantage and had
also had a large amount of experience
In caring for this kind of stock.
To -speak from the standpoint of the
farmer .who finds It 'part of his farm
economy to grow his gilts oh pasture
and a less concentrated -grain ration, I
would say that a weight of three hun
dred at one year of age is about all
that coul.d be made without feeding an
excess of a fat-producing ration that
would be apt to injure their future
usefulness for breeding purposes.
Another matter for us to take into
consideration at times when we are
admiring these sensational gilts at the
shows and expositions is the fact that
every one of these highly fitted indl
vlduals is an exception ^nd In many
capes ten or a dozen less hardy and
vigorous ones may have been ruined
in order that their breeder might have
the honOr of showing one winner.—J,
W..IC
MILK STOOL REFLECTIONS.
Cream Is better than cod liver oil,
as: well as being cheaper and more
palatable.
Those who sell milk to creameries,
taking the skimmed milk back home
always risk taking back the. germs of
tuberculosis and abortion.' Buy 6. hand
separator and keep the skimmed milk
at home.
It is a curious fact that the poor
English laborer thinks American or
Canadian cheese a cheap foOd, while
I the well-to-do American farmer looks
upon it as a luxury. Many farm
homes use cheese sparingly .and^ only
as a luxury to be brought out on
Special occasions, when it should be
kn article of daily use.
Dairying is not only a cash business,
but a profitable one when properly
handled.
Every dairy farm should also carry
a flock of good chickens. Dairy cows
and laying hens do best on the same
kinds of feed, except for forage, while
milk is one of the best egg foods. The
two go nicely together.
If the circus is of more Importance
than caring for the cows, don't begin
to keep cows.
Giving milk is largely the voluntary
act of the cow. Keep her in a sweet
temper and she will yield her milk.
Swear at her and give her a thump
with the milking stool and she gets
revenge by not "giving down."
If you do not own an aerator, air
your milk by pouring it slowly with a
dipper from one vessel to another.
This drives off the "cowy" odor in a
very short time and Improves the
quality of the butter.
It is not the quantity of milk a cow
gives that makes for profit. Twenty
pounds of 2.y3 per cent milk is worth
less than pounds of 4 per cant
(milk.
THE
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PUSH THE PIGS ALWAYS
Feed Wasted When Young Animals
Are Barely Kept From Being ,.
Hungry.
(By Milton Kelley.)
food required to keep an ani
mal 14P to its natural condition
is called, the food of mainten
ance, while that assimilated above
that amount is. the food of production.
When we consider that two-thirds
of the frill. ration is used merely for
support, without adding anything to
the weight of the pjg, the common
practice of keeplrig pigs wlthOut con
stant and} unremitting growth seems
absolutely indefensible. Every week
that a pig Is, not kept on the gain the
feed is worse than thrown away, be
cause it takes a long time and a large
amount of feed to overcome the un
thrifty habit and all food is lost until
growth bqgfins again.
,1
It is thus evident that a skillful
feeder mukt feed for unremitting
growth. Foods .are numerous and
may be fed In many forms, but from
our. experience we think that the best
and most economical maintenance
food consists of clover, alfalfa and
blue grass pasture.
The experiments made at many of
the experimental farms has proved to
us that 40 per cent more gains call be
made when feeding grain in connec
tion with grass than when feeding it
alope. Further, that pigs fed grass
are at all times ready for their feed
while those ted grain alone were at all
times off their feed and in an un
thrifty condition.
Blue grass Is preferable for early
spring pasture and is also good for
late fall pasture, alfalfa and clover
for early and late summer pasture
a:.d' rye or wheat-for wiftter pasture.
Cowpeas, rape and cane may be util
ized to good advantage in many lo
calities, but where we can raise good
clover, alfalfa and blue grass we do
not depend on short rotatloris except
around close to the. pens and feeding
yards to, prevent soil washing and to
hold the fertility that would otherwise
go to waste, thus -by changing the
feeding places and moving the houses
we- add ah acre or twice that amount
to pur corn land every year.
The feeder's m.otto should be "a
starchy growth from birth to matur
ity." It is when they are young that
we make or ruin a pig. It, requires
study and practice to-become a goodj
pig feeder.
We must not be guided by the]
theory, but study to improv% Upon',
what other men have done. Success'
will only come, to those, who watch
all the details of the business and try
and improve upon the methods of the
common feeders.
The large gains that qhould.be made
in the fall when the pigs are put onto
corn depend on developing the feeding
capacity with a liberal supply of grass
£urlng the summer months, if I were
naming the kinds of feed I would
add "the food of preparation" and call
It grass, for there is: nothing that will
put a pig's digestive apparatus in bet
ter shape quicker than grass. The
time is past when farmers can afford
to feed grain alonft to hogs and make
any profit-out of business.
GROWING WINTER OATS.
Winter oats are not recommended
where spring oats can be successfully
grown, and can be depended upon as
reliable crop, but there is a large
area where spring oats are not a very
sure crop,-and where winter oats will
prove a much surer crop if properly
managed..
They have proved a-much surer crop
than spring oats in m§.ny parts of the
South. They are almost sure to make
good crop when sown during the
latter part of August or early in Sep
tember, but if the sowing is left off
until October there is much more
danger of the oats winter killing and
hooving out with freezing and thaw
ing of the ground. Sometimes, how
ever, the October sowing will do all
right.
Last fall, I sowed three acres of
winter oats on the first and second
days iot October, the winter proved
favorable, and I do not think that any
of the Oats froze out. They are now
nearly- filled,. June 26, are from four to
five feet high and are much better
than any Spring oats near here.
My farm is near the 39 th parallel of
N. Latitude and the elevation of the
field is aboVt 1,300 feet above sea level.
The oats will be ripe in a week or ten
days.. TVe have grown them for nearly
twenty years and have- never known
them to fftil to fill reasonably well.
I grow the .Virginia gray or .turf
oats. "The husk on the grains is very
thin and the oats usually weight from
thirty-eight to -forty pounds per meas
ured bushel.—A. J. Legg, Albion,- W.
Va.
CAGE FOR A SAFE BONFIRE,.
When you. want 'to burn an accumu
lation of papers and other small rub
bish and npt be troubled with bits of
flying burning paper, or the fear of
starting a flre, take a large wire bas
ket formed from a piece of chicken
wire netting five feet long and about
four feet wide so rolled as to make a
hollow cylinder.
An old tin pan fastened to the bot
tom for holding the contents makes
it into a portable affair that can be
taken anywhere about the farm, clear
ing out dried weeds, leaves, litter of
all sorts, with perfect safety.
Any old tin pail coyer makes a lid
if one is needed.
This is of use about a hennery In
burning refuse of hens' nests, destroy
ing myrl-ds of Insects easily.
The oldest horse in the United States
owned by l"hos. Hinds of Rose Creek
Minn., died recently aged 41 years. He
had done no work for the last dozen,
years.
2P- ^li1
Qis
PERENNIAL FLOWER BED.
Suppose we have a border from 20
to 40 feet in length and from 6 to IB
feet in depth or width. Or to fit our
"estates" our border can be made
much larger or very much smaller.
A boreffer planted by a woman
should not be over 20x8 feet in size,
for if she did all the work, excepting
the heavy digging, it might not be
possible for her to give a larger one
the right and necessary care.
Such a border should run North and
South, and if possible face the East.
For the background, hollyhocks, both
single and double, golden glow, the
single tiger lily, the ever-blooming
flame flower, the tall meadow rue, and
tall meadow sweet, set out alternately.
Then In front of these and at least
two feet from them we will set out
the Pearl achillla,'some of the colum
bines the choice of which are cana
densis, chrysantha. chrysantha albs,
carulla hybrida, sklnneri, and call
fornica hybrida.
In the center of this row a hydranga
panculata grand id ora would be very
pretty, and to continue the row hardy
pompone, chrysanthemums, the sev
eral blue varieties of larkspurs, moon
penny daisies, Shasta daisies, fox
gloves. sweet William, coreopsis, lan
ceolata grandiflora and an almost
double variety, callla the "golden
fleece."
Then we will have the hardy gall
latdia, gypsophila paniculata, or baby's
breath, lavender, Lychnis, rose cam
pion, monarda didyma spiendetls, also
called the bee balm and robin runa
way, the Chinese bell flower, the hardy
perennial poppies and the garden
heliotrope.
Nlcotlna affinis can be planted in
this row early next spring and from
year to year it will sow Its own seed
and will. come up so close to where
th? old plants grew that it will not
often need transplanting.
A double border we will make of
two heights of plants, settln the tal
ler ones a little back .of the very low
ones. The snap dragon, the double
anemone, the mullein pink, the sea
pink, English daisies, the harebell,
Eh
Canterbury
bells, the
DEATH IN THE
If Lightly Covered Will
terla That Will Canst
and Death.
ILK drawn under
dltions and strainea'
sels perfectly clean
be rendered unfit for use by
away in crocks or pans anid
while still warm with tight-flt.|
of wood or other material.
This covering is intended ti
the-milk clean, but it has oth
distinctly injurious effects, ft
aeration of the milk Is prevent*
unpleasant flavors are developed
to say anything of the ptomaine 4
is germinated by-thus excluding!
air.
Although very fond of milk,
writer could never be brought to i|
take of it in homes where such cofe
ings were in vogue, for not only l\
the milk "oft" in taste, but & fear
the 111 effects of taking even a sn.
quantity of poison into the system v,
sufficient reason for abstaining fr
its use.
It is not alone the milk that suft.
by this way of covering before t.
animal heat has passed off. but tl
butter also has an unpleasant flav
which is easily detected by th
whose taste is discriminating.
This unpleasant flavor' is also
parent in butter made from separ
cream, if the warm cream fresh fr
the machine is added to a quantity
warmer cream on hand and is chur
at once.
For' this reason so much stres.'
placed on the cooling of the cret
from each milking before it is add
to that already on hand.
Nothing more need be said in
gard to further care, except to see th,
av utensils used in making butter
as clean as hot and cold wiater a.|
chemicals can make them. fe
If one makes butter on the fan|
eith'er for sale or home use, or if 11
cream Is to be sold, see that the casj
are made of tin of good quality whi%
A good type of colony house used by the Massachusetts Experiment1
Station in poultry raising. Its construction is very simple and can be made
by anybody who is handy with tools.
hardy double
and. I will not rust and
single pinks, the polyaathus, the hardy by contact of the acid of the cream
a E
If a can is found to be of inferior
material, discard it and get a substi
tute which is up to the standard.
all will help to make our hardy flower
bed a "thing of beauty and a Joy
forever."
The earth for a perennial border
should be light and porous. Never try
to raise Rowers in soggy, wet soil. As taminate,
soon as the plants are well rooted, perature is low enougji so that when
have a forkful of wett-decayed stable the can is filled ready for shipment
manure spaded in well around
each:
stable manure should be spread over
the bed a little heavier about each
plant, and if the plants have any
spooky branches they should all be
trimmed back quite close.—Julie
Adams Powell.
accomplishment in her eyes. She does
not shirk or lie in bed while her
mother does the work, as many city
f!fs
d»- Sh®d°®s n°k
spend hertime
idling through the shops of the town
spending more money on her dress
than her parents can afford. She is
more independent in the true sense
of independence than the city girl, be-
spoil
the contenti
Keep the cream can in- room or cel
lar where there Is no odor to con
and be sure that the tem-
unless they are very small than. thi.t which is to be churned at
plant
plants, then use your own good judg
ment.
the cream will be slightly less acid
Just before freezing weather a exposed to a higher temperature and
mulch two or three inches deep of bacteria develop fast, so fast that un
less the cream is in the condition
named, it will become too sour to
make first-class butter. ...
THE LIFE OF A FARM GIRL.
I believe there is less discontent
home.
On the way to the creamery it la
skALL NUBBINS OF NEWS..
John T. Murphy, a rich cattleman of
Montana, has been indicted for the
unlawful fencing of nearly 60,600 acre*
0f
among farmer's daughters than girls gave ball.
of the towns and cities. The farm Daniel H. Dornan, a veterinary sur
girl is brought up to respect the dig-
nity of honest toil and takes pride in (rom
being able to do the work of the from
household well and to be as competent jng
as her girl companions in the neigh-1 jt ,s
borhood. To be able to cook and
and do her full share of the work for
which her mother is responsible is an
public land. He •as arrested and
geon Qf
New York state recently died
an
attack of glanders contracted
a
horse which he had been treat-
estlmated that
s®w
mer vacatlona on the
2,000 colleg«
students of the East spent their sum-
rahges and in
the lrrlgatlon dlstricts
of the West.
The experience of President Roosevelt
while a student in making his annual
western trips has set the pace fot
to make her own home happy 's killing thousands of sheep and
when she gets one. Her life on the threatening the entire industry of the
soil—provided always that l»er parents state.
are sympathetic and helpful—makes J. W. Frank, of Webster City, Iowa,
for good health and breeds gentleness who died recently at the age of eighty
and a certain refinement of spirit that five, had been married for sixty-four
makes her lovable and fits her for a years and resided on the same farm
life of happiness and usefulness. fifty-four years.
.-.-'.-ir-.
gQns Qf rldh men who begln earty
Jn June tQ dlrect thelr courfse to tha
western lalns.
The
mln^
cause she has the kno ledge that she ment to assist them in investigating
is useful to her parents and Is equip-
and
sheep commissioners oT Wyo-
have appealed to the Govern-
stamping out an epidemic which
Prof. Fritz Knorr of the Colorado
Two enterprising young men of Agricultural College has found tobacco
Philadelphia succeeded in swindling growing wild in great profusion in the
farmers out of $50,000 worth of Montezuma valley of Colorado. It is
produce during the last three months, believed that tobacco was raised ex
The process was simple, they simply tensively in this valley ages ago by ths
went out through the country, bought dwellers.
produce ...without paying for it and A turkey famine is reported from 1
then disappeared, working diffaran^ Iowa, the cold wet spring having killed
sections week after week. most of the youngsters.
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