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MW OF THE WORLD WAR AND OTHER HISTORY MAKING EVENTS OF YEAR 1917 Entrance of United States Into Conflict Outstanding Development of Past Twelve Months—Political Upheaval in Russia Affects Struggle—British and French Smash Teuton Lines on West Front —Austro-Germans Launch Drive Against Italy. THE WORLD WAR. After three and u half years of the most sanguinary lighting in history, the great nations of the world, togeth er with many of the smaller ones, are still ut death grips, with less prospect of an early peace than was thought to exist u year ago. Undoubtedly the greatest develop ment of the year was the entrance of the United States of America Into the conflict. The throwing of the tre mendous resources and man power of the American republic into the bnlnncd on the side of the entente allies, in tlio opinion of military experts, has more than oIT-set the advantages gained by Germany and her allies during the past twelve months and has made possible the continuance of the conllict until o time when a definite military decision can he obtained. There have been a half dozen or more outstanding events in the past year. Some of those have been of purely military significance and others have been occurrences of a political na ture which have hud a far-reaching ef fect upon the tltnnic conflict. Chief mnoug the p<Tliticul upheavals of the year wus the Russian revolution which resulted In the overthrow ol Czar Nicholas nud culminated during the closing months of the year In a counter-revolution which practically eliminated Russia from the ranks ol the nations opposed to the central pow ers. From a military standpoint th< cldef events of the year have beer thq launching of the German ratifies* submarine cumpalgn, which wus dl rectly responsible for the entry of th* United States Into the wur; the Brit ish offensives on the west front, firs! in the Arras sector, later lu Plunder* and still luter on the 35-mlle front be tween Arras and St. Quentin; the Ital Inn offensive against Austrlu froir Tolminu to the Adriatic and the sub sequeut offensive of the Germans am' Austrians against Italy, which resulted In the overrunning of northern Italy by the Teutonic allies. The entry of China, Cuba, Brazil Slam and other countries into the war on the side of the entente ullles, tin overthrow of King Constantine ol Greece on the demund of France and her allies and other events Important In themselves were overshadowed by the greeter developments of the year. American Peace Effort Fails. As the year opened the only military movements of Importance In progress Were those aimed by Germany und her allies to complete the annihilation of Itoumanlu and attention was centered upon the request that had been made by President Wilson that the various belli j i rent nations state the terms up on win- li ponce might he discussed. The replies seemed to preclude any further nation by the United States ns a peacemaker, hut on January 112 Pres ident Wilson In an address before the senate laid down the principles which lie declared should guide the United States in participating In a league to enforce peace at the close of the pres ent war. On .. tnuary 31, Germany unuounced the inauguration of ruthless submarine Warfare. Pi. ;.-iit Wilson acted promptly, revering diplomatic relations with Germany on February 3. The Cmuird liner Laconia wus sunk without warning off the Irish coast February 25 with the loss of 13 lives. Including those of two American wom en. On February 2S, it was announced that the United States government wus In possession of a communication ad dressed by the German foreign minis ter to the Uenuuu minister ut Mex ico City, instructing him to pro pose an alliance between Germany rnd Mexico, and to suggest that as soon as war with the United States was certain, the president of Mexico communicate witli Japan, offering to mediate between Japan und Germany. As n reward Mexico wus promised gen eral financial support from Germany and the rCconquest of lost territory in Texas, New Mexico and Arizona. The United States department of state announced, March 12, that it b id determined to place armed guards upon nil American merchant vessels Balling through the German war zone.. March 14, it was learned that the American steamship Algonquin had been sunk without warning by a Ger man submarine. On the same dny China severed diplomatic relations w ith Germany and seized German mer chant ships in the harbor ut Shanghai. Czar Nicholas Dethroned. Qa -March 13. the Itu-sskiu cwolu By DONALD F. BIGGS. ttftnnry movement, which hud begun with food riots and strikes, culminated In the abdication of Czar Nicholas both for himself und his son. Pending the meeting of a constituent ussemhly the government was vested in the execu tive committee of the Duma und a newly chosen council of ministers with Prince Lvoff as premier. The German forces on the west front, on March 17, began u general retirement on n front of BT> miles from south of Arras to Soissons, fulling hack to new Hues which hud been pre pared. The relations between Genuuny and tin* United States were further strain ed March 18 by the receipt of reports of the sinking of three American steamers, the City of Memphis, Illi nois and Vigiiancln, fifteen of the lat ler’s crew being lost. On March 21, President Wilson is sued a proclamation calling congress in special session on April 2. The American steamer Healdton was torpedoed without wurning. March 22, 21 men including seven Ameri cans, being lost. United States Declares War. On April 2, President Wilson ap peared before a Joint session of con gress and culled for a declaration of a state of war with Germany. On April •I, the senate passed a resolution de claring the existence of a state of war. The resolution wus adopted by the house of representative* April G und i was signed by the president the suine day. At the same time 91 German owned vessels In American ports were seized by the government. Cuba de <-lared war on Germany on April 7. The following dny. Austria-Hungary severed diplomatic relutlofts with the United Slides. : The British forces on the west front began the first great offensive of 1017 on April 0, penetrating the enemy po sitions north and south of Arras to a depth of from two to three miles. Tlie French force* launched an of fensive against the enemy on a 25-mile front between Soissons und Helms, April IG. and after three days' fighting reported the capture of morn than 17,- | 000 prisoners. I The first American casualties In the war were reported April 28, when tho armed American tank steamer Vacuum | w«s sunk by a submarine und several | American gunners were lost. American Fleet in Action. , It was learned on May 10, that a squadron of American destroyers tin j tier Hear Admiral Simms had snfely crossed the Atlantic and hud been pa trolling the seas In war service since May 4. The United States army draft bill became a law May 18 when President Wilson affixed Id* signature to the measure and Issued u proclamation fix ing June 5 a* registration day. During the early part of June grow ing unrest in Itussia began to nttract the attention of the ullles. On June 1, workmen and soldiers seized Kron stadt. the Itussian fortress defending Petrograd, and repudiated the provis ional government. On June 3, the American conhnission to Russia, head od by Ellhu Root, nnd the American railroad commission, headed by John IF. Stevens, arrived safely at Russian ports. On June 7. the Russlnns In i possession of Kronstadt yielded to negotiations nnd recognized the pro visional government. In the meantime the Americnn prep arations for the war were proceeding rapidly. On June 5. nenrly 10,000,000 men of military nge registered for mili tary service under the selective draft law. On June 8, Major General John J. Pershing, who had been selected to head the American expedltlonnry forces In France, arrived with his staff in London. On the same day Wash i ington reported the snfe arrival In France of 100 Americnn aviators, the first Americnn fighting forces to reach that country. King Constantine Dethroned. A solution of the Greek situation, which had endangered the operations of the allies in the Balkans, was reach ed June 12 when on the demnnd of France, Great Britain nnd Russia, King Constantine abdicated In favor of hl9 second son. Prince Alexander, who was known to be favorably Inclined toward the allies. London reported another big raid by Zeppelins on June 13, In which 157 persons were killed nnd many Injured. I The subscriptions to the first Ameri can Liberty loan closed June 15. the loan being oversubscribed by $750,* 000,000. On June 2G, It was announced that the first contingent of American troops. under command of Major General Sl bert, had arrived snfely In France. The new Greek cubinet, headed by Eleutherlos Venlzelos, went into ofilce on June 27 nnd two days later the new I government severed diplomatic reia i tions with Germany. Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria and Turkey. On the first of July, the Russian t forces, under the personul leadership \ of War Minister Kerensky, electrified the allies by launching u powerful of . fensive on an 18-mlle front In Onlleia, capturing ninny strongly fortified towns anil taking thousands of pris oners. For two weeks the Russians continued to advance along a front that widened to 100 miles, but on July 10 the Russian offensive collapsed nnd turned Into a rout, when many Rus sian regiments mutinied und fled. Kerensky succeeded Prince Lvoff as premier of Russia on July 20. The first political crisis in the Ger man cabinet during the war resulted on July 14 in the resignation of Chan cellor von Bethmann-llollweg ana me appointment its Ids successor of Dr. : Georg Michael Is. On July 22, Slum ieclared war against Germany, nnd Austrin-llangary. bringing the number if the allied nations to sixteen. British Launch Great Offensive. i he British launched their second gn .it offensive of the yeur on the Flanders front on July 31, uttneklng on a 2tf-mlle front from Dixraude to Wnmeton. lifter three weeks of in tense artillery preparation. The Brit ish forced their way into the German lines to n depth of two to two und a half miles, tiiklng ten vllluges and more than 5,000 prisoners. Pope Benedict, on August 14. trans mitted peace proposals to all belliger ent and neutral governments. [ The Italian forces opened a grand offensive on August 19, attacking on u front 40 miles long from Tolmlno to the Adriatic sea. On August 25, the Italians captured Monte Santo, an Aus trian stronghold on the Isonzo front. Two more nations entered the war on the side of the allies In August. Li beria declaring wur on Germany Aug ust 7, nnd China declaring wnr on both Germany and Austrin-llungary August 14. On August 28, President Wilson’s reply to the peace proposals of Pope Benedict was made public. It declared that “we cannot take the word of the present rulers of Oermany as a guarantee of anything thut Is to endure, unless explicitly supported by such conclusive evidence of the will and purpose of the German people themselves as the other peoples of the world would he Justified In accept ing." Other allied governments later adopted President Wilson’s note as their own reply to the pope. Early In September the Italians con- I tlnued to make progress In their drive ! on the Isonzo front, announcing on September 1 the rapture of 14 strongly fortified mountains, causing an 11- mlle breach In the Austrlun lines and | resulting In the capture of 27,000 pris oners. Chaos Threatens in Russia. Conditions In Russia grew more cha otic during the month of September. General Komlloff, commander in chief I of the Itaslnn armies, on September 10 demunded that all civil and mili tary pswers be placed In his hands. Premier Kerensky Immediately de posed General Kornlloff und civil wur threatened ns Kornlloff, ot the head of a large force of troops, marched on j Petrograd. The rebellion collapsed. I however, on September 13 when General Kornlloff agreed to surrender to General Alexloff, chief of staff of j the Russlun army. | The first American casualties In i 1 France were announced on September i I. when four Americans were killed n a German raid on Americnn hos pitals In France. America’s wnr prepa- ; rations were continued rapidly, the < first contingent of five per cent of the pew National army arriving at their I cantonments September 5. The replies of Germany and Austria- 1 Hungary to Pope Benedict’s peace pro- j ; ;s»sals were made public September 21. ' They accepted fhe pope’s offer ns a ba sis for the beginning of negotiations, . :>ut made no definite concessions. Italians Driven Back. The great Austro-German offensive against the Italians was launched llong the Isonzo front October 24, and within ten days the Teuton forces had I retaken nil the territory won by the rtnlinns In two months’ fighting and had overrun nil of northern Italy. The United States begun to take a more nctiie part in the fighting during October, the first American troops go ing into the first line trenches In France on October 23. On October 17 the American transport Antilles, re turning from France, wus torpedoed 1 and sunk, with a loss of G7 lives. The ; second American Liberty lonn of , $3,000,000,000 dosed October 27 with an oversubscription of nearly $2,000.- 000,000. Several more South Ameri can nations took a decided stund in * favor of the allies in October. Peru broke off diplomatic relations with Germany October 0 and Uruguay took similar action the following dny. On October 20 Brazil declared the exist ence of a state of war with Germany. There were evidences of Internal dis turbances In Germany during the month, a mutiny of German sailors at Ostend being reported October 18. On October 30 Count Qeorgp vpo Hurtling HY SHERER SAYS i $4,920 CLEAR PROFIT FROM 80 ACRES ° c ta Land * Water acres. After deduct “, rjytl ing all expenses, own % MM clear profit M 1 have raised 111 |j pßg bushels of oats to of «vheat to the acre ’ tons su 4A. ’sugar tells me my beets . will run 20 tons to “v: th<? acre - 1 have The Photojcruph Slium Hr. Sherer Mundinu Poultry thrives lleslde lII* ( omfnrfahlr. Xuilrra Home on here splendidly on a the Delta l»roJect. trivial cost. We have the pur est kind of water from wells that can be driven for a very low cost. And the climate here Is great. With profits like mine and a climate like this, do you wonder that I am enthusiastic about Delta? - ' /fy This statement of Hy Sherer should be enough to convince any farmer that Delta is an Ideal place to locate. GO WITH US TO DELTA, UTAH ON NEXT SATURDAY'S EXCURSION On your arrival at Delta we will funish you with an automobile in which to see the Pahvant Valley. We want you to see it all. Let us show you Mr. Sherer s farm and others. Meet the farmers themselves. They have done at Delta what we believe you can do. We don't want any farmer to buy this land sight unseen. Get the facts on the ground and Judge for yourseir If this land is not a bargain at $lOO to $125 per acre. Besides being rich soil, every acre of it has a full gravity water right and completed irrigation and drainage systems. A growing crop on every acre that you can harvest next July at war time prices. IF YOU WANT TO GET INTO A 600 D LIVE SUCCESSFUL FARMING COMMUNITY INVESTIGATE DELTA NOW We have dftne the pioneer work for you. We have built the irriga tion system, leveled, ditched, dyked and even tile-drained this land. There is a growing crop on every acre of this land that you can har vest next July. This will save you one or two yeara’ time and a lot of hard work and money. A new sugar factory has Just been oom pieted at Delta, Utah, at at cost of approximately $1,500,000. This is general farming land, but best adapted to grains, alfalfa, alfalfa seed and sugar beets. A deep virgin soil with plenty of water for irrigation. This land can be bought in tracts to suit, up to 160 acres, for $lOO to $125 per acre on liberal terms, Including the full crop and an ample water right. Dairying, hogs and poultry are money makers in the Pahvant Valley. OLR KitKK BOOKLET tell* the itholr story. .Seed for It If 70a are latrrralrd In laad that '-an pay fur Iteelf In a eouplr of years, tie with as os our seat nraralua sad see for yourself. DELTA LAND & WATER COMPANY 321 IZisplrr Hullillns. ISIh and lilrasrm Street*, llraver, Colorado. Peadre Valley National Hank Hulldln*. Fort t'olllna. Colorado. ItiNimi « and .1, William* lllock. fireeley. Colorado. wus made imperial chancellor or Ger many. Chancellor Midineiis having re signed. On the sea the chief event of the month was the sinking by two German raiders of two British destroyers and 12 Scandinavian merchantmen they vie convoying In the North sea on October 17. On October 31 the Ameri can transport Finland, returning from France, was struck by a torpedo and eight men were killed. Italians Stop Invaders. Big events crowded fast upon each other during the month of November. The Italians, after reforming their lines back of the Tagliamento river, were forced to execute a further re treat. falling back to the Piave river. The Italians, re-enforced by British and French armies, which reached the Italian front November 25. withstood repeated attacks launched by the Aus tro-Gertnan armies, holding their lines at all points along the IMave. On November 20 the British opened the greatest offensive of the year on the west front between St. Quentin and tho Scarpe. In a surprise attack, be gun without the usual artillery prepa ration, the British Infantry under Gen eral Byng, headed by a large force of tanks, smashed through the Hinden burg line toward Cnmbral, taking many towns • and thousands of prisoners. , Russia was thrown into civil war during the month by a counter-revolu tion hv men ns of which the bolsheviki, under th. leadership of M. Lenine, seized tho government at Petrograd on .Novcmorr 8. Premier tvcrensKy n*-n from Petrograd, and other members of the cabinet of the provisional govern ment were arrested. On November 10 the rebel government made Lenine pre mier. Kerensky, ut the head of u body of loyal Cossack troops, attacked Pe trograd November 12, but was badly defeated. The bolsheviki were appar ently lo full control of Russia by No (Continued on Page 0) NOTICE Lamar, Colo., Dec. 31st, 1917. TO ALL DOG OWNERS IN THE CITY OF LAMAR, COLO.: You are requested to call at the City Clerk’s Office of the City of La mar, and procure a license for your dogs for the year 1918, as the same is now due and payable. All dogs must have a license and wear a tag. This ordinance will be rigidly en forced. RAY STRAIN, Mayor. C. F. DANIEL, Chief of Police. S. E. COOK. City Clerk. 2t FOR SALE—Family mare, absolutely safe for lady or child. Good lcokcr, and fast traveler. Chas. L. Evans, Southwest corner of Pioneer School Grounds, Lamar, Colo.