The Manning times. [volume], January 09, 1907, Image 6

About The Manning times. [volume] (Manning, Clarendon County, S.C.) 1884-current

Image provided by: University of South Carolina; Columbia, SC

                
THE COTTON MEN
Met In Annual Convention in Co
lumbia Last Week.
HAD GOOD MEETING.
Much Enthusiasm Was Manifested, and
the Lien Law and Bucket Shops
Were Denounced. The Corn
Congress and Harvie Jor
don Wcre Endorsed.
The South Carolina division of the
Southern Cotten Association met in
Columbia on Wednesday of last week.
The meetirg was attended by dele
gates representing 20 counties. Th6
interest manifested was encouraging
and the attendance was even larger
than had been expected.
The following were present at the
meeting:
Anderst n-M. A. Mahaffdy.
Barnwell-F. H. Creech, W. W.
Moore, J. A. Jenkins, J. B. Morris,
W. T. Walker.
I Clarendon-O. C. Scarborough, S.
M. Haynesworth, E. D. lodge. -
Darlington-&. H. Rogers, A. M.
Coker, E. M. Williamson.
Florene--J. W. MeCown, James
B. McBride, T. A. Clarke.
Greenillf.-R. Mays Cleveland,
Marietta.
Greenwood-W. J. Moore, J. M.
Majar.
Lancaster-W. C. Hough, W. J.
Cunningham.
Lee-E D. Smith.
Laarers-J. H. Wharton.
Marlborc-T. S. E ana, W. W.
Bruce, W. A. Rogers.
Orangeburg-J. E. Wannamaker,
J. A. Peterkin, J. M. Moss, J. R.
Fairey, X. X. Hayden, B. F. Keller,
W. W. Wannamaker.
Richland-W. W. Ray, Richard
Singleton, F. H. Hyatt, F. H. Wes
ton, Z. T. Lykes, W. H. Padgett, A.
Patterson. R. S. McKeLzIe, W. J.
Lykes,J. A. Byrd.
Saluda-W. F. Whittle, W. W.
Padgett, L. B. Blease, J. M. Forrest.
Spartanburg-E. L. Archer, Ralph
H. Smith.
Union-J. W. Gregory.
York-John L. Rainey, W. S.
Wilksrson, C. E. Spencer.
Williamsburg -W. D. Bryan.
After organizatin the fcllowing
offcers were elected:
President- E. D. Smith of Florence.
Vice President-E. L. Archer of
Spartanburg.
Secretar-F. H. Weston, Colum
bla.
Treasurer-F. H. Hyatt, Columbia.
Secretary We.iton read the minutes
of the last meeting. After these had
been approved Mr. Hyatt made his
report as treasurer. This was refer
red to an auditing committee. Mr.
Hyatt stated that two counties an
swered to the assessment tis year.
Others had contributed liberally,
some gave not at all. However, all
salaries had been paid and all ex
penses mat. The balance on hand
Is not enough to boast of and the ex
ecutive committee needs money with
which to push the work this year.
There was a fight over electing rep
resentation on the executive commit
tee of the general association. Mr.
Hyatt and Mr. B. D. Smith are ex
cfficio members, for Mr. Hyatt is the
treasurer. After some discussion and
several ballots Mr. E. L. Archer and
Dr. W. W. Ray were elected.
Mr. Smith made a strong argument
in favor of the holding corporation.
The farmers who will not come into
the association need no protection,
and if they put their cotton on the
market when the prices are below
the asseclation's5 minimum, this cot
ton could be bought up to the extent
of 2,000,000 bales and could be held,
along with the cotton held by the
assosiationl members, until their
demand for prices should be met.
To do this would require a capitali
zation of $100,000,000, to be raised by
members of the assoeiation subscrib
ing to the capital stock 15 per bale
on every bale they propose to raise.
There could be State and co~nty or
ganizations, regularly charterad, with
regularly appointed buyers, etc.
Mr. Smith denounced forcibly the
action of Secretary Shaw in withdraw
ing $100,000,000 from circulation in
the summer. This had unsettled the
money situation generally, but forced
Wall street down upon Southern
loans-and the cotton farmers had
suffered.
Mr. Archer disagreed with Mr.
Smith. This holding corporation
should be organized without connec
tion with the association. Further
more, he believes the plan impractic
able.
Mr. Hyatt briefly expressed his up
position when he was called upon to
speak, but he stated that in Birming
nam next week be will talk at length
on "How to Finance the Cotton
-Crop," the subject assigned him by
the committee.
Mr. 3. B. Wannamaker made a
startling statement. On a recent
visit to Barnwell he had bee n told
that there are people in that county
who are living in squalor, with poor
shelter for themselves, less for their
shivering animals and none for their
farm implements. They buy their
meat, even their cabbages and other
vegetables. Why ? Because they
plant cotton, plant it blindly without
thought of the future. He supposes
that the same conditions exist in
many counties. He opposes the "hold.
ing corporation," believing that It
would be better to build warehouses
and to continue the work of educat
ing the farmers to the appireciation of
the need for diversification.
Mr. McBride took the view that
the work suggested by Mr. Wanna
maker is tbam or Clemson1 college or
agricultural societieg, and that the
cotton association has a broader field.
It should promote organization and
co-operation along the line suggested
by Mr. Smiih.
OFrosED) TO LIEN LAW.
P 'ter selecting the delegation to
thogBirmingham convention, the con
vention authorized President Smith
to name the members of the execu
tive committee. Hie selected the fol
lowing:
,E. McIver Williamson of Darling
ton.
1t. Mayes Cleveland of Marietta,
Greenville county.
B. F. Keller of Cameron, Orange
burg county.
Rt. M. Pegues of Kollock, Chester
ied countr.
W. D. Bryan ot Taft, Wiliams
burg county.
Tern foulng ro lution was ctier
ed by Mr. Gregg on behalf of the Flor
ne! caunty delegation:
"aBsolved, That the asssociation
appoint a committee to memorlallza
the general assambly to repeal thet
law known as the lien law for sup
plies."
This was voted on without discus
sion as these are practical farmers
and know what the law is. There
was opposition, but the motion pre
vailed and the following were ap
pointed by the chair to memorialize
the legislature: Walter Gregg of
Florence, B. F. Keller of Cameron,
W. M. McBride of Florence.
The following were elected dele
gates to the Birmingham convention:
W. J. Cunningham, W J. Moore, E.
D. Hodge, A. M. Coker, W. W. Bruce,
Dr. R. H. Smith, J. W. McCown, W.
F. Wbi~tte, J. A. Peterkin. 0. E
Spencer, E. D. Smith. J. M. Major,
R. M. Pagues, E. M. Williamson.
It is related that a distinguished
Greenwood lawyer says that in his
county gambling is the highest form
of crime. It was a Greenwood dele
gate, Mr. W. J. Moore, who introduc
ed the following:
"Resolved, by the South Carolina
division of tie Southern Cotton aso-I
ciation, That we condemn and dis
Ipprove of the dealing in what is
commonly known as 'futures,' being
injurious to the morals of our peoDle
and entailing great financial loss on
them.
"Resolved, further, That we ear
nestly hope and believe the legisla
ture of South Carolina will enact
such laws as wiU prohibit exchanges
and bucket shops from being operat
ed in this State."
This was adopted without discus
aion.
Mr. Smith offered the following
resolutions, which were adopted:
"Resolved, That this convention
recommend to the Birmingham con
v ention the advisability of each
county appointing a selling und finan
cial agent, authorized in writing,
signed by the Individual members, as
bole agent to sell the cotton of the
local association at a price not less
than that agreed upon by the national
association, and to give said agent
the power to negotiate loans, fix the
rate of interest, storage aud insur
ance charges."
This is a very important resolution,
for it gives form ana purpose and
business objective to the association.
The session on Wednesday night
was an exierience meeting, at which
the delegates exchanged ideas mu
tually heloful.
A HUMAN MONSTER
Refused Decent Burial for the Wife
He Had Abused.
Every once in a while we run upon
a brute clothed in a human form. A
dispatch to the Augusta Chronicle
from Washington, Ga., says the de
tails of ,he tragic death from burn
ing of Mrs. Charles Elliot near Aonla,
In this county, twelve miles from
Washington, were brought to the city
Tuesday night by nelghbors of the
dead woman, who had come to Wash
ington to get a coffin and engage a
hearse after the positive refusal of
Charles B hot to provide a decent bu
rial for the remins of his wife, for
whose death he was indirectly respon
sible.
The horrible accident which cost
the faithful young wife and mother
her life occurred Wednesday night
and death ended her sufferings Friday
evening about 8 o'clock. For the
faithfulness and loving devotion of
a young wife and mother on t e one
hand and the cruel indifference and
neglect of a husband and father on
the other, the circumstances sur
rounding this case are e ithout a par
allel in the history of Wilkes county.
While Charles Elliot was off on a
drunken spree Wednesday night, Mrs.
Elliott 'wrapped her four little child
ren up as comfortably as possible for
the night. After this was done there
was not enough bed clothing in the
house to protect her own body from
the severe cold, so she wrapped the
last bed quilt in the house about her
and laid down in front of the wood
fire to keep warm until her husband's
return. While down before~ the fire
asleep the quilt which covered her
caught afire from a spark and produc
ed horrible burns on the face and body
of the unfortunate woman. There
was no one living near enough in the
neighborhood to hear the agonizing
cries of Mrs. Elliot and her four chil
dren were too young to offer her any
assistance, the oldest being just 5
years old.
In this condition, Mrs. Elliot re
mained until the return of her hus
band, in an intoxicated condition,
about 4 o'clock in the morning of the
next day. Even after Mr. Elliot re
turned and found his wife mn such a
serious condition he made no effort to
secure medical attention for his wife.
Late in the afternoon of the day fol
lowing the accident some of the neigh
bors learned of the affalr, and upon
their own Initiative the best medical
attention that the community afford
ed was secured.
The shock to: the young woman's
system was too severe, however, and
he succumbed to death Friday, leav
ing fcur children, the oldest of whom
is 5 years and the youngest four
months.
During the whole time subsequent
to his return to his home at 4 o'clock
Thursday morning and the time of
his wife's death, Elliot manifested
little concern in the matter and would
sit in one corner of the little room
with an air of total unconcern while
several neighbors and a physician
were working heroically to save his
wife's life. He made no effort to s
cure provisions for his children in the
meantime. Fuel, provisions and cloth
ing were all furnished by the neigh
bors.
Following the death of Mrs. Elliot,
Charles Elliot was asked concerning
the funeral arrangements, when the
coolly replied that he had spent his
last cent for two gallons of whiskey
for Christmas and was not able to
take care of the remains of his wife.
"I will attend to the burial as soon
as I get able," he is reported to have
remarked.
Taking the children in their own
are and considering the brutal fath
er na more in the matter, the neigh
bors of the community have taken the
affair In their own hands and have by
private subscriptions among themsel
es raised $25 for defraying the burial
expenses of Mrs. Elliot. The remains
were taken to her old home in Lin
oln county Saturday for interment
t Lincolnton Saturday afternoon.
The increasing number of railroad
wrecks promises to decrease the sup
ly of "popular young railroad men.'
The latest typewriting record is1
aid to be 300 words per minute. The
-npeatoar is we supnnnea wo.man. ,
HOW TO PL ANT CORN.
THE WILLIAMSON PLAN GIVEN
iN A FEW WORDl)S.
The Formula Which May Revolu
tionize Agriculture in South Cal o
lina and Inrich Farmers.
We have published frequently the
formula for the "Williamson plan" or
the way devised by Mr. E. McIver
Williamson, of Darlington, to make
five ears of corn grow where but one
grew before, The formula as given
heretofore has been a little lovg. The
following has been prepared for the
Columbia State by Mr. James Henry
Rice, Jr., as the most concise form in
which it can be given:
Break land in winter one-fourth
deeper than common; lay off in six
foot rows, leaving five Inch balk.
When time to plant break out balk
with scooter, following in same fur
row on this ridge. Ridge them with
same plow, going deeper; run corn
planter with Dile plow, with wing
taken cfr. Plant as early as possible,
usually about the middle of March.
Drop corn grains every six inches.
Use no fertilizar. Give first working
with harrow or any plow that will not
cover plant. Second working with 10
or 12-inch sweep on both sides of
plant. Thin after this working.
Corn should not be worked again
until sufflciently stunted, so that it
will never grow large. When it is
about 10 to 12 inehes high put on fer
tilizer. Mix 200 pounds cotton seed
meal, 200 pounds acid phosphate, 400
pounds kainit. Put half in old sweep
furrow, on both sidas of every other
middle. Cover by breaking out mid
dle with turn plow. Oae week later
treat the other middle in the same
way, fertilizer and all. In a few dava
side corn in first middle with 16-inch
sweep. Put all your nitrate of soda
in this furrow, if loss than 150 pounds
is used; if more. pus half. Cover with
one furrow or turn plow, then sow
peas in middle broadcast, at rate of a
bushel to the acre, and finish break
ing out. Lay by early. More corn is
ruined by late plowing than by lack
of plowing. No hoeing is necessary
and middle may be kept clean until
time to break out by harrowing.
For 50 bushels to the acre leave
stalks 16 inches apart; for 75 bushels,
12 Inches; for 100 bushels, 8 inches
apart.
. Do not pull fodder; do not cut tops;
let peas and pea vines die on land.
Value in fertilizer to land is worth
more than forage.
Every fr.zmer in this county should
give the plan a trial.
A SCOLDING WIFE
And a Wooden Leg Gives Pat Lahey
Trouble.
Patrick Lahey, of Sands street,
Brooklyn, N. Y., has a wooden leg
and troubles of his o wn. It Isn't the
leg that worries Lahey, it is the use to
which his wife puts it when he un
straps It. The maD, who Is well along
in years, told his woes to the com
plaint clerk in the Adams Street
Court one day last week.
"I've been sleeping In It for the
past four weeks," said he. "If you
never slept with a wooden leg, never
tried to turn over in b' d or tuck the
covers around your feet, you can't
understand the troubles of a man try
ing to rest with one."
"Why don't you take it off?" ask
ed the clerk.
"Take it off," replied Lahey, "take
it offi Man, do you thnkrl'm asshy
in mybhead asIam in my legs? IfIi
take it off she hides It, and then when
I want to go out 1 got to stay in.
Sometimes I do be hopping aroundI
the floor for three hours hunting un
der the bed, behind the stove, in the
washtubs, and in the top of closets
for my leg.
"The last time I took it off. Fran
ces (that's my wife's name), hid it,
and when I found it she tried to take
it from me, and threatened if ahe got
it again she'd use it as a club to beat
me. Now there should be some. law
to prevent a woman making a man
sleep with a false limb or to prevent
his wife beating him with it if he
leaves it off."
"Sure," said the clerk. "I'll give
you a summons and you taud It to
her."
"Hand itto her? Man. do you think
I'm crazy? Send It to her by a police
man, and the biggest one you have."
This being promised Lahey stump
ed out. expressing the hope that the
Court will arrange matters so that he
can sleep in peace, and not in pieces.
Captured Ellicis Still.
An illicit still operated by an eight
horse power steam engine, was de
stroyed by State Constables Hayes,
Hoy and Jenkins, in York County,
Wednesday morning. The constables
who made the raid are under Chief
Fant, in charge of the Spartanburg
division. The still had a capacity of
eIghty gallons per day, and was the
finest of the kind ever captured by
the officers. York Is a prohibition
county in name.
This gentle rein comes at the right
time. The water wagon for several
days will have other duties to per
form.
When the government dEcides to In
crease the salaries of its mail carriers
it should not overlook Its female em
ployes. _________
Limberger cheese Is said to be a
cure for tuberculosis. Some persons,
however, may prefer to die with con
sumption.________
It has come. A scientist says John
D. Rockefeller is the future American
type. Get ready to shave your head
and renounce the oyster.
Carrie Nation says that hugging Is
responsible for all the Immorality in*
Washington, D. C. A kind of circle
as is were, that has no end.
The fact that Mr. Rockefeller is too
poor to eat oysters reminds us that
both of these otjects of public inter
est are notoriously bald.
The fact that the President missed
three shots at a wild turkey Is niot
startling. But the fact that his press
igenc let the item get Into print Is
neresting.
Success seldom comes to the man
who waits for It, and then only in the
35se of the cafe emplove.
A New York man while trying to
mitate Caruso dropped dead. A case
f monkeys perhaps.
The auto enthusiast who frequently
ays out his coin for repairs may be
aid to auffer from one kind of carc
C HIVE IN AN AQUARIUM.
Good Way of Seeing Row the Little
Busy Bee Worka.
Everybody Is curious to see bees ac
tually at work. Take a rectangular
glass aquarium and place It on a win
d(,v sill, elevated slightly at the side
nearest the window, so that when the
latter is raised an inch the bees may
pass In and out If desired, the bees
may be kept for some time In confine
ment by raising the aquarium an inch
on blocks and using a strip of wire
screen cloth to prevent the bees from
escaping.
When confined the bees should be fed
a sirup of equal parts of sugar and
water. A frame or two of bees may
be purchased for a trifling sum.
Put within this glass aquarium some
rustic supports to represent projecting,
undecayed portions of the Inside of the
hollow trunk. Keep all covered by an
opaque cloth when not observing what
Is going on within this glass bee home.
Then the bees will be free to work
and to adapt themselves to the envi
ronment. They can suit their own
fancy about attaching combs to the
sticks; they may build diagonally or in
any other form that they may prefer,
and they may attach the comb to sides
or ends just when and where they
think It Is necessary.
In the artificial hives the combs are
attached only at the edges, but In nat
ural conditions within the bee tree or
In Its counterpart, as represented by
the old fashioned box hive with opaque
sides and In our transparent inverted
aquarium, the bees can build combs
and attach them in any way that they
see fit.
One of the most Interesting objects
for study Is to note when the bees
think it necessary to put out a side
support from a long comb. They seem
to believe that they are really within
a hollow tree and that It is likely to be
swayed by the gales. Of course when
so swayed long combs laden with
honey or with young bees would be
too much for the unyielding rigidity of
the upper part of the combs. These, if
they have no side stays, would bend,
crack and be crashed against each
other.
The bees have learned this and give
the combs a fine support whenever It
is necessary. They do this, it is true to
a certain extent, In the regular eight
or ten frame hive, but not with the
naturalness with which they do It In a
large, unobstructed space.
Not long ago a veteran beekeeper
took a colony of bees from an attic,
where they had been for.many years.
"Well," said he, "you should have
seen the funny forms of those combs
most Interesting thing I ever saw.
There was one pillar almost round-a
solid center right and several feet long
-and these combs around that; the
most fantastic shape you ever saw."
Suburban Life.
Extorting Charity.
A philanthropist said of a banker:
"Brown is a mean man. Once I
made him shell out, though. Listen.
"Two ladles, representatives of a
children's fresh air fund-a noble
charity-called on Brown and asked
him to contribute. He gave a dollar.
With all his millions, he gave $1 ex
actly.
"'It's all I can afford,' he whined.
"My office is in the same building as
Brown's bank, and a few minutes later
the two ladies came to me. When I
saw Brown's name down for only a
dollar I was mad.
"'He says It's all he can afford, eh?'
I began. 'Well, ladies, just wait here
a minute.'
"And I called my head clerk, ascer
tained my balance in Brown's bank,
and wrote a check then and there in
the clerk's name for $273;640-the en
tire amount
"'Draw this at once,' I said.
"The clerk departed, and a minute or
two later Brown himself rushed in
breathlessly, the check In his hand.
"'Harry,' he said, 'what la the mean
ing of this?
"I pointed to the ladies' subscription
list.
"'I have just learned,' I said, 'that
you could only afford to give a dhllar
to the children's fresh air fund. This
made me think that things were look
ing pretty fishy at the bank. I decided
I had better draw out'
"Brown had to add two ciphers to
his subscription before I would con
sent to tear up the check."
Disraeli's Keen Business Instinot.
When the Hon. Mr. Ward wrote his
novel "Tremalne," he was fearful of
acknowledging himself the author, un
til its fate should have been ascertain
ed. He accordingly, the better to pre
serve his Incognito, sent the manuscript
copy by the wife of his attorney to Mr.
Colburn. The work, although accepted,
was not considered likely tii pay ex
tremely well, and consequently a
trifling sum was given for It Contrary,
however, to Mr. Colburn's expectations,
it ran to three editions.
The ingenious author of "Vivian
Grey," then twenty-two years old, hav
ig heard of the circumstances, deter
mnedtouse it to advantage, and accord
ingly having arranged his work for
publication, he proceeded to find out
the honorable gentleman's fair messen
ger. This he quickly effected, and upon
a promise of giving her ?20 induced her
to be the bearer of his novel to the
same publisher.
The woman was instantly recognized
by Mr. Colburn as the same person
who brought him "Tremaine;" and rec
ollecting the great sale of that novel.
he leaped at the manuscript presented
to him with the utmost eagerness. It
was quickly read, and a handsome sum
given for the copyright. A short time,
however, enabled Mr. Colburn to find
out his error, but too late to remedy
himself. The work was not succes
and a considerable sum wasn lose
Nearly Lynched Him.
Timely police interference only
saved Frank Gal, of South Boston,
!rom lyrching at the hands of an an
ry mob, when he was caught hn the
1lleged act of cutting off a little girl's
braid In front of the Theatre Comique,
n his pooket~s were found fiye braide,
ncluding one that Margaret E. Quin.
[an, aged 15, Identfied as her own.
L pair of keen shears were also fcund.
alo claims he is a bariber and that
ie came by the braids honestly.
The cry of "Jack the Snipper" was
~aken up by the crowd on Tramont
ow when the little girl found her
tar was gone and the mob set In
hase of Gal. PatrOlman 'Tighe
eard the uproar and arrested the
aan after a hard fight in the mud and1
lush, the crowd fighting to get at his
~rsner and beat him. The police
elleve Gall Is the man who for a1
Tear past has been terrorizing young
irl by snipping off their braids In1
he midst of crowds of shopperS. .
The story of Atlanta's recent conn
il meeting reads as if Mr. Roosevelt
ilalf might have been present. E
STANDS BY HIM.
Texas Senator Speaks on the
Foraker Resolution as to
COLORED FOLDIER'S
Performance in the Brownsville Affair.
After a Brief Response the Ohio
an Agress to Allow Matter
to Go Over Until Mon
day.
Soon after the senate met today
Senator Foraker's resolution provid
ing for an inquiry by the senate into
the discharge of the negro troops of
the Twenty-fifth infantry on account
of the Brownsville, Tex., episode was
laid before the -enate and Senator
Culberson made an address on the
subject. He said that he would have
kept quiet but for the fact that great
injustice bad been done the people of
Brownsville.
Mr. Culberson said that the coriduct
of the negro soldiers had been very
irritating to the Brownsville people
and especially so to the women. He
related that on Aug. 4, last, the day
before the "shooting up" of the town
a criminal assault had been commit
ted by one of the soldiers on the wife
of a reputable cit zen and said that no
arrests had been made for the crime.
Mr. Culberson defended Capt. McDon
ald of the Texas Rangers, to whom
Mr. Foraker had referred because of
Maj. Blocksom's reference to him as
a man who was "so brave that he
would not hesitate to charge hell with
a bucket of water." Mr. Culberson
sail that he knew Maj. Blocksom to
be a gentleman.
DEFENDED TEDDY'S CoURSE.
In defending President Roosevelt
for his dismissal of the troops Mr.
Culberson said the fact that the troops
were negroes had nothing to do with
their discharge. Oonfusion as to the
legal questions involved was, he said,
responsible for the statement that the
president had no authority to make
the discharge. The presidens's consti
tutional authority and the authority
given him by the urticle of war clear
ly covered the ca .e and made his ac
tion legal, he declared. He contended
that discharges for criminal offenses
are also discharges made to effect pun
bihment.
Mr. Culberson said that there was
a distinction between "discharge
without honor" and "a dishonorable
discbarge." In the former case the
president could exeraise his discretion
as he had done in this instance, while
a dishonorable dischare could only oe
made as the result of a courtmartial.
He Instanced several cases to sustain
his potition.
To estab'ish the motive actuating
the negro soldiers in creating the al
leged disturbances, Mr. Culberson readi
resolutions recently adopted by negro
citizens of Baston, which admitted
that the soldilers "shot up" the town
and saId they ."'were determined to do
for themselves what the uniform of
their country would not do-protect
them from Insults and punish at the
same time the authors of their mis
ery."
CAUSED WAYE OF MEERIMENT.
Disclaiming any partizanship for
the president, Mr. Culberson created
a wave of merriment by saying: "I
bave nothing to do with the presi
lent In this matter. I care nothing
about him. My personal relations with
him are about as cordial as those of
the senator from Ohio" (Mr. Foraker),
-In all fairness, Mr. Culberson said,
the country ought to know that the
report made to the president was re
liable.
After reading much of the testi
mony taken before the Brownsville
grand jury, Mr. Culberson drew the
conclusion that the fact that no In
ditme at was returned was not an ev
idence of the weakness of the case,
but rather of the fairness of the peo
ple of Brownsville, who did not wish
to do injustia.e to the innocent. The
evidence, he contended, proved be
yond doubt that the shooting was
done ioy the negro soldiers, but failed
to Identify the guilty ones.
He concluded his speech by a brief1
reference to the negro question in
general, saying~ it had existed from
the early history of the country down
to the present time and still continu
ed to be the most important and the
most dangerous question which con
fronts the American people. He refer- 1
ed to the growth of this question lead- f
ing to the Civil war wherein nearly a
million white men lost their lives.
Wednesday, he said, the condition of
the black race with Its ages of slav
ery, its Ignorance and poverty, excited 1
the deepest sympathy of the great
body of the white people of the South.
STILL THE GREATEST PROBLEM. I
"But," he eontinued, "in spite of
the past, with Its conflidts and sacrinl
ces, sorrows and destruction of life I
and property, this problem is still the I
greatest with which we have to deal. I
It involves labor, education, suffrage,
social order, civil liberty self-govern- I
meat and the integrity of the white
race. The end no man can see. South
erners feel deeply and profoundly on 1
this race problem and its ultimate so- I
lution..
Senator Foraker at once took the
floor, remarking that it belittled the
present question to make It a vehicle
f or discussing the race question. He I
did not propose to discuss that ques- d
ion or the merits of the Brownsville S
affair. He wanted his resolution adop- I
ed, which would insure further in- j
uiry, and his present purpose was t
ut to defend himself regarding the 8
riticism charged against him for e
mentioning Capt. McDonald. b
Commenting on Senator Culberson's o
tatement that Senator Forakor's C
pecl two weeks ago bad offended 4
ertain Texans and had reflected par- 3.
icularly upon Capt. McDonald, the fi
)hio senator said he did not know 2;
hat McDonald resented unless it was at
he term "gentleman." at
CAPT. MCDoNALD'S RESENTMENT. b
Mr. Foraker read from the Cincin- h
atl Elnquirer an account of Capt. Mc-h
)onald's resentment, cammenting
reely as he progressed. Among other
hings, Senator Foraker said: "I
on't know why Capt. McDonald would a~
harge 'hell with one bucket of water,' w
nless It was that he had no other use a
or the bucket of water." tr
Mr. Foraker concluded his remarks by
y putting the interviews in The CC
ecord and asking for a vote on the bi;
esoluton. hi
Senator Culberson replied brktfly by to:
asied on the fact that the Ohio sena
wor had turned his attention to ders
[on of a captain of Texas Rangers.
An amendment was offered by Sen
Ltor Lodge to contine the inquiry by
the committee on military affairs to a
guestion of fact in regard to tLe con
duct of the negro soldiers; in that it
recognized that the order was issued
by the president "in the exercise of
Is constitutional authority as com
mander-in-chief." This would have
the effect of pro tenting an Investiga
tion of the constitutional questions
involved in the president's order dis
missing the troops Mr. Lodge asked
that the further discussion of the
question be postponed until Monday
on account of his inability to speak to
day because of a sore throat, Al
though Mr. Foraker had previously ob
jected to deferring ceasiderat!on of
the resolution he at once consented to
the postponement when Mr. L3dge
placed his request upon personal
grounds. Upon motion of Senator
Hale the resolution will be taken up
on Monday next and pressed to a con
clusion.
The senate then went into execu
tive session and at 3.55 p. m, adjourn
ed until Monday.
DIED AT HIS POST,
The Horrible Death of Brave Engi
neer Maxwell in Wreck.
There seems to be no end to the
railroad wrecks. The Seaboard Air
Line's fast mail No. 32, northbound
from Atlanta to Richmond, crashed
into a string of loaded freight cars at
Peachland, a flag station 19 miles
east of Monroe, N. C., late Sandav
night partially wrecking the passen
ger train and killing Erglneer S. E
Maxwell of Raleigh, N. 0.
Running 50 miles an hour Engineer
Maxwell sighted the freight train as
he rounded the curve near Peachland
and with concern only for the passen
gers, whose lives were in his care, he
applied the emergency brakes in an
effort to moderate the impending
crash. The speed was reduced to 10
miles an hour when the train struok
and the fireman jumped without be
ing hurt. Maxwell stuck to his post,
was caught between the engine and
tender and slowly roasted to death in
view cf the rescuers, who strained
every nerve to reach him.
Helplessly pinned in an upright po
sition with both feet in the firebox,
the brave man livei four hours, fully
conscioos, talking cheerfully to the
rescuers, his last words being a mes
sage to his wife and child at Raleigh.
No one else was hurt. The heroic
engineer was a son of Mr. and Mrs. E.
K. Maxwell, of Walhalla, S. C. He
was a young man.
Fort Fisher's Anniversary.
Fort Fisher's anniversary, January
15, may well be made the occasion Cf
a reunion of the blue and the gray
survivors of the commands whlch2
participated. The battle was a not
able one in many ways and had it oc
curred at an earlier period in the war
ht would be more conspicuous in the
pages of history. When the post fall
all eyes were centered upon the fate
of Peterburg and Richmond, where
Grant and Lee contended for the
mastery from June, 1864, to April,
1865.
The Spartanburg Journal says in a
strategic sense Fort Fisher was an
outpost of the Confederate 'ne on
James River. It guarded the princi
pal channel for the entry of foreign
suplies to the Confederacy and also
cfered protection to Lee's route of
communication with the south At
lantic coast. The Federal attack
was desperate in the extreme and the
Confederate defense most heroic. Or
angeburg County bore a gallant part
in that heroic defense,
The principal leader of the Con
federate forces In the battle at Fort
Fisher, Colonel Limb, Is still living.
Several of the Federal generals sur
vive, notably Gen. A. A. Ames, lead
er of a division; Gen. N. M. Curtis,
who led the brigade which first forced
the palisades, and Geri. Galusha Pen
nypacker. The naval bombardment
of the fort was one of the fiercest on
record. The fortress was constructed
of sand and logs and proved so form
idable against ship's fire that the plan
was adopted as a model for students
Inin m[litany engineering.
O-le of the thrilling incidents of the
battle was the charge of a Federal
naval brigade along the sand beach up
to thre walls of the fort. Admiral
Robey D. Evans. then a subordinate
Aflcer, was a participant in this col
rmn. Many of the soldiery in the gar
rison were North Carolinians, and it
a significant of the growing spirit of
mty among old foes that the public
nen cf the state have been foremost
n inviting combatants of 1865 to a
raternal handshake on the ruins of
his famous stronghold of. the Confed
eracy.
The Increased Cost or Living.
The St. Louis Globe-Damocrat says
'interviews with city housewives
>ought out the facts that nine-tenths
if them are struggling with the prob
em of how to make a ten-dollar week
y income cover a twelve- dollar weekly
ixpense. The cost of food, fuel, cloth
g, rents, house farnishings, helps,
md all items of household expense
is increased to such propcrtions that
he problem of making the earnings
ver the actual necessary outlay is
acoming a serious one in eveiry comn
nunity. In is claimed that the uni
ormity of the price-scale of all food
products all over the United States
ends color to the charge that there is
,strict agreemnent among corpora
Ions which handle them. All kisds
f testile fabrics have advanced 20 to
0 per cent in price during the last
ve years, and the statistics of the
epartment cf labor and commerce
how an Increase in the cost of foods
lone durIng the past ten years of 50
er cent, The Increase of rents in at
ributed to the Increased cost of labor
nd building material-not to increas- I
d values of real estate. It is shown
y the government's figures that the
st of bacon has advanced 43.5 per 1
ent; potatoes, 43.1 per cent; eggs, r
1 8 per cent; dry and pickled pork, E
L. per cent; fresh pork, 30 per cent;
our, 29.3 per cent, and corn meal e
36 per cent. These are the articles
lected by the bureau of labor as the c
ples of a workingman's bill of fare.p
he increase in the price of b3ef ha t
en even greater than the figures a
are given, and other items ci diet
ie increased accordingly."
klan ifim Down.
Sheriff Conley, of Lexington, ha 6
rested .Tohn bk oore, colored, who is
inted in North Carolina for killing
white man at Gastonla. The negro
Led to escape from Sher!if Carley c
-running across the toll bridge over
igaree river into the city of Colum
i, ;but the sher!ff was too quick for
m, and the negio Is now in Lexing- ~
gajil waiting for a North Carolina a
MAKING A CUP OF TEA
THE WAY TO GET THE THEINE AND
AVOID THE TANNIN.
Dark Liquid Does Not Mean Excel
lence, and the Darker the Liquid
In the More Evil Are Its Effects.
Chinese Tea Is Said to Be the Best.
Perhaps I may be allowed to make
some comments on a subject that is of
interest to all homes-namely, a cup
of tea and the making of it. The first
proposition Is that the dark color of
tea does not mean excellence, the sec
ond that the darker the liquid is the
more evil are Its effects and the third
that the best tea Is Chinese. These
are the opinions of an importer. It Is
worth noting, I think, that they are
also the scientific opinions and, fur
ther, that this is a case where doctors
agree. What must properly be de
scribed as the pharmacology of tea is
simple and well understood, and as it
concerns every one it may be briefly
discussed here.
For practical purposes tea consists
of two things, the first being tannic
acid, also known as tannin, and the
second being theine, also known as
caffeine. Let us consider each of
these. The tannin, or tannic acid, oc
curs in the tea leaf, as In so many
other plants. It is less readily sol
uble than the theine and is much
less readily obtained from.the Chinese
leaf than from the Indian, the latter.
together with the Cingalese, contain
ing much more of this substance.
Tannic acid has no attractions for
the palate except in the case of people
who like a little bitterness, and it has
no action on the nervous system, -ione
of it, indeed, being absorbed by the
body. Its action upon the tissues with
which it comes into immediate contact
Is wholly deleterious. I do not say that
it Is necessarily serious, but what ac
tion there is is wholly bad. Notably
does It interfere with the digestibility
of foodstuffs. Plainly, therefore, a chief
concern in the production of the best
beverage from tea should be reduction
of the tannic acid to a minimum. This
Is to be accomplished. first, by using
the leaf whid3 contains least of it, and,
secondly, by sharply limiting the length
of the Infusion. It has been clearly
proved that practically all the theine
that can be obtained from the leaf is
obtained in the first three minutes,
whereas the amount of tannin in
creases markedly even between the
twentieth and fortieth minutes.
In the opinion of not a few, the said
tannin Is largely responsible for the del
eterious effects frequently attributed
to the theine. This last is an invalu
able ingredient of tea; it is the same.
substance as that which gives its value
to coffee, but Is present in less abun
dance In the tea leaf than In the coffee
bean; it is a nervous stimulant of the
purest kind and belongs to an entire
ly different class from the pseudo
stimulants, such as alcohol. In some
ways this is one of the most re
markable of all known drugs. It
appears to be unique in that
it stimulates the functions of the
cerebrum, the highest portion of the
brain, without inducing any subse
quent reaction that can be detected.
Ihas no second stage of action com
parable to -that of alcohol and opium,
and in cases of emergency it Is capable,
of postponing sleep for hours, and,
more than that, of maintaning the
mental activity as in the daytime, I
may confess that In past years I have
systematically used caffeine for weeks
on e'nd for this purpose without any
deleterious results; but this is quoted
for Illustration, not imitation.
Now, It is plain that, so far as the
remote consequences of a cup of tea
are considered, it Is the theine or caf
feine that we desire, and the tannin
that we do not desire. The relative
solubility of the two substances ex
actly suits our convenience. If it were
necessary to extract all the tanin in
order to get any theine there might be
some excuse for the lady who likes her
tea to have a little "body" to it, or for
the servant girl who keeps her teapot
en the hobaillday. But the fact Is
that it is possible to obtain all the
theine desired, while reducing the
amount of tannIn to a minimum. At
present the public taste is thoroughly
vitiated. No one who has given the
matter a fair consideration, or who
cares to permit any palatal delicacy at
all, will question that the fine aroma
of a cup of properly made Chinese tea
Is In a different category altogether
from the sensations aroused by the
concentrated solution of tannin, which
Is usually offered under the pseudonym
"a cup of tea." which things are writ
ten without prejudice.
In order to make reasonably com
plete this brief account of the cup that
cheers, I must add that it contains a
small proportion of a volatile oil, which
Is of small physiological Importance,
but which contributes largely to the
gustatory character of tea. The chief
public delusion In this connection Is
that the sense of taste may be Im
plicitly trusted. You think you are not
getting your money's worth unless your
senses are violently assailed. It Is as
if you judged the power of music In
terms of the amplItude of the sound
waves. The ma'ster's pianissimo chord
as more potency than the sforzando of
nedocrty-Pall Mall Gazette.
A Little Vague.
A Boston lady seeking summer boarm
on a farm saw an advertisement giving
a descrIption of about such a place as
she wanted and sent a letter of inqwiry.
Bhe received the following information
s to terms:
"We charge $5 a week for men, $4.50
for ladles and $4 for children old
eough to eat, all ages and sexes to.
pay more it difficult."-Lippincott's
1agazine. -
Car Load of Booze.
The Greenville News sara on Wed1
esday tbefore Christmas a solid car
ad of booze arrived in that city for
s people. The News says the whis
t
:ey shipments have been large during ~
1. pest few days. but the shipment
ceve d Sa.turday was a record break- '
rfor this season. The express comn
miels always make arrangements
roy In December to handle the In
table whbiskey shipments for
ristnmu. From now on extra ex
ress cars will be pressed into service 1'
h andie the liquor shipments and I
!a' hr die the Increased business In a
ahII lines of shipments.
Ge.r~ge Burnhzam, Jr., .vice presi- ci
t 1f the M~utual Reserve Fund Life Px
rnance Ompany; was sentenced to rc
ro years in.Sinig Sing for larceny. 6,
tt
Some people are so eater to get to tk
:wn wearning that they skip the bc
oss b*.aring, st'
The Hamburg-A marican tourist
ter Prinsessin Victoria Luise ran [(
r',nd near Kingstion, Jamacia, and fta
ir nantain blew out his brain. j mu
GETS A RESFTE.
R A. AYAMS HASA OHANCE FOR
PA1RDON.
Governor Heyward Gives Him a New
Ie.se Until Eis Casa Can
Be Heard.
R. A Adams, the Walterboro man
slayer, whose casa has occupied more
time in the courts than any other
capital case in lears. will not be bang
ed Friday, as his death warrant stip
ulated. Governor Heyward Wednes
day respited him until February 22,.
at the r qest of the board of pardons,
in order that late petiticns La his fa
vor, which are tow in the hands of
the court cicers, may be examined
by the board.
The Columbia REcord says Messrs.
Gruber and Fishburne, the Walter
boro attorneys who have attracted
statewide attention by their hard
fight for Adams' life, are confident
that when the members of the pardon
board shall have given due considera
tion to the petitions recently secursd
in Adams' county they will recom
mend at least a commutation to life
imprisonment-possibly a full pardon.
The respite given their client Wed.
oesday Is due solely to their own Ig
norance of the procedure of the exe
autive cffices when the petitions are
died.
The papers are frst sent to 'the
judge and the solicitor, that the may
Indorse upon the records their recom.
mendations as to the disposition of
the petition for pardon or commuta
tion. Then the papers are filed in the
executive ofioes until- the board of
pardons meets.
The board has uniformly declined
to consider petitions without expres.
sions from the trial judge and the 3o
licitor who prosecuted the case, .and
the governor has just as consistently
refused to take action upon such peti
tions until they shall have pas
through the hands of the board. The
petitions and other papers in the
Adams case did notreachthe executive-.
officers until Sunday.
Following the usual custom, Gover
nor Heyward immadiately forwarded
them to the solicisor. The latter be
ing out of the state, it was impcshlbfa
that he should examine the paper
decide upon his remmandatn.and
return them In time for the board of
pardons to take action In the cse s at
the-meeting which donvened Wednes
day. The papers arestillinthesolict
tor's bands.
In view of thee facts. and being
disposed to give the condemned man
every chance, the board of pardn
unsalmously passed a resolution ra-:
questing Governor Heyward to order
Adams respited until February 2h
Between that time and now It Whop
ed that the papers will bave.been r
ceived in correct form and the inia
recommendation of the board deelded
upon.
Former State Senator Peurifoy was
there Wednesday to appear before the
board In cpposition to the petitions,
should these come up. When inform
ed of the cIrcumstances he said thaIn
he would- not oblect toa respite untilG
the papers could be-had. In thIs cs
the action of Governor He was
similiar to that In tlie
case, which is fresh in the publie
memory.
Lion Causes Panlo.
At Toledo, Ohio, while the Bostosk
A nima.1 Circus was givInlg its inatlDde
pe'r nmanes at the Ooliaeum bulding,
Trainer Harry Bay was attacked and
seriously Inured by a lion named.
(Charlie. The lion, which had beerry
performing, sprang upon him, bearind.
him .to the floor and Immediately the.
audience was panic stricken. Thed
beast grabbed Bay by the atm whil*
on the floor and laid iritahils body
over the trainer's prostrate form. Bayr
with his free arm picked up his 2r?1-4
ver which he had dro pped on thtloot
when he fell and fired several shots
into the face of the enraged beast,
who then let go ot his arm and selzed
the man in the side. The two attend
ants, Miller and Cunningham, sprang
to the traps of the safety cage doord
and opened them, admitting into ths0
dens the other lions used In the ac.J
This caused the animal to releas Bay,
and two trainers named Galland andej
yoy at once rushed Into the arena and~
drove cif the beast.
An Objeot Leanna.
The democratic vote in IP'dnata n
1900 was 503,081. That was when
the party stood for a. Tiositive auid
progressive democrW'Ap In 1902 Mra
Hopkins was Ohai.umanl of the stas a
committee ad tonducted the ca~n
paign. The democratic vote that i ear
was only ?80.925. In 1904 Me. alli
van hectme a member of teha .ional
committee, and he and Me. K' ,pgiaa
cntrolled the state .Qrpb? zation.
T~hat year the demcctat v*9 e fell to
327.606 notwithstandtng the fact#a
at was a presidengg,4 cawy sign. In
1906 Hopkins-M2~~tanC o enca still
sontrolled.. ands the~ denj cratic vote
!el to 21.% Rare VA'j a falling off
if 2&1,071lj in years-a. loss o al
nost fifty pay tent- In the languag
if The CZfamoner -"bow ngwl f
ake th asorti of. party mngmn
o htd up as ie.mocratIc party in the
Peof Illi)ais? Is It not about time
:or therrank'ad file oftheparty to
ring the Tilinols organization izso
1armonhyYMih the democratic votera?":
Exieck on Union Pacgino,
Udilon Pac!fic Overland Linited
wd Los Angeles Trains lNos. 2 and 8,
,oth bound for Omaha, Neb., had
acollision Monday night at Brule Sta
ion, twenty miles west of North
?latte. The Los Aegeles train crash
d Into the observation oar in the rear
f the Overland Limited. Twenty-five
o thirty passengers were In the ob
ervati on car and one, E. W. HastIngs,
n actor, of N~ew York, was Instantly
111ed. One pssenger named Jan
ings was scalded..
Sitole Jewelry.
Wlth e75,(00 worth of stolen Jewel'.
r in their possessIon, Bahriel Hit and
ouisa Lonys, about whom a veil of
tystery has been thrown by the.New
'ork police, have escaped and are
avwbeing sought in all the large
ties of t'e country and In foreign
irts. Beyond admitting, that t-e
bbery took place on ])ecember
the police would disclose none of
e details. It was at first reported
at Its scene was In one of the larger
tels, but investigation proved this
3ry to be without foundation. ,.
There is something wrong with tme
Sher who can sleep late Christmiag.
irning.