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WEATHER Clouciv *nd warmer, followed by rain tonight and Tuesday. (Tin' (Times -items GOOD AFTERNOOH It'* to be expected that Presi dent Roosevelt will find a lot of dead wood in government bureaus. VOL. 52—No. 55 HENDERSONVJLLE, N. C., MONDAY, MARCH 6, 1933 SINGLE COPIES, FIVE CENTS ALL BANKS CLOSED IN STATE AND NATION * * * * * * * # # # tf # * # * * T T T Dr. W. H. Justus Died This A .M. A <4> '?> —— j RETIRED FROM 1CTIVE LIFE > YEARS AGO fioneer Druggist in 76th Year, Was III for Several Weeks funeral Tuesday at 3 P. M. FROM CHURCH Dr. ^ illiarr Hicks Justus, pioneer Henderson ville druggist and the dean of business men of this city i; the time of his retirement from ictive life about two years ago c:ed at rhe family home on Flem isjr street this morning at ei^ht o'clock. Death followed a decline jver a period of months from isich he recovered sufficiently !sm time to time to be able to ?:urn to his place of busings, Jostus drug store. He had been confined to his home for several weeks recently, and passed away at the home this moraine, in his-76th year. Funeral services will be held from the Methodist church, of w Sich Dr. Justus became a mem-1 ber years affo, at 3 o'clock Tues-1 day afternoon, the Rev. Claude Moser officiating. Interment! *i'J follow in Oakdale cemetery, j The following active pall bear »i!l serve: Judge Michael I xienck, L. E. Hesterly, Wiltshire 'rfth. C. L. Grey. A. Ficker, A3. Hawkins. Frank Edwards, * W. A. Keith. Tae honorary pall bearers wiil Was follows: W. 0. Allen, James Sr„,W. R. Kirk. J. W.. ^rr.e. J. S. Brown Jr., E. I'. SaTett, B. F. Cliff. H. V. Staton. L R. Staton, W. E. Brackett, J. L Weddington. R. C. Sample, <kr E. Dixon. J. L. Egerton, A. 3 Drafts, E. M. Salley, S. E. Grwnwood. J. H. Woodcock, A. J. Morey. W. B. W. Howe, F. A. ;rotnk. H. H. Ewbank. E. W. i*bank. John Ewbank. John Mc fctyre. J. F. Brooks. J. R. Sevier, T. L. Durham, M. C. King, R. H. ^'aton, J. E. Shipman, Patton Ar W?e. W. B. Wilson, George Val ine, Brownlow Jackson, A. V. Edwards, Otis Powers, Raymond Awards. W. A. Garren. T. E. Os borne. Ed. Barnett. James F. Sta ton. J. P. Fletcher, Will Cannon, H. I. Hodges, L. R. Geigcr, M. I). Coburn. Lee Whitmire. Jamc« ^aldrop, Frank Waldrop, E. L. fratnn, T. W. Valentine and H. R Babst. Dr. Justus was a pharmacy r*iuate of Vanderbilt University **he class of 1886. He was inar r.?d January 1. 188y, to Miss Ntor.ie Tanner. The widow and children survive: Grady Jus ja, Mrs. Irma Allen. Mrs. Earl w.ny, Mrs. M. 0. Dantzler of forgeburg. S. C., and Fred Jus te. | No one now in business in Hen ^ville wa* here on January I 1^2. when William Hicks Ju^ and the late Dr. Columbus opened a drug store in the at 218-220 North Main — one of the four oldest "Jewess buildings in Henderson I HI?. At 'hf age Of 71. Witn nj-j impaired. Dr. Justus re t;r«J from active business in fa Vl,r of his son. Fred Justus, but oatil recently he was seen daily •oont the store, givinjr the advanJ of his ripened judgment in ^snajrement. His chief pleas Qr*. however, was in association *-h hi* family, and in recalling 'v*nts of the long ago when Hen :"*;onville was little more than a tr<*s-roads town. **. Justus was born in the ttrthoas* part of town, just west •f Mud Creek in the approximate •Nation of where a colored churc.1 Bl)* stands. He was a son of Mr. 4!,4 Mr-. M. T. Justus, real pio of this section. There wert ",'Jr other children: Lee Justus, no oied in 1888; Mrs. C. Few c: Hendersonville, the widow ol * former prominent physiciar per<f; Mrs. J. P. Rickman, ol Renville, S. C., and Mrs. Samuel ' Milliard, of Asheville. In 1857. when W. H. Justus was , young man, his father bought ^ half block at the present site J the Skyland hotel, and thu ^°und was owned by Dr. Justus the time it was sold to the wu8 Skyland. jj? n Dr. Justus opened his ^ store in the present Shepherd building, there were only ♦h° business buildings in i ® v'cinity of the present court se. One was a rock building 'he southwest corner of Mair and First avenue, and th« fcr was directly across th< *till , easV Bot^ buildings art v. -^anding, the former beinp ^.,n, and the other occupied bj v-JIM^ocery store. Dr. Jugtu; nor'1 ^e present Drak< ouilciin® had been occupies '^tintteij «n page two) HORIZONTAL REDUCTION FOR PROPERTY VALUES IN COUNTY SEEN AS RESULT OF NEW LAW Ma xiinum Cat as Provided by Law Would Lower Valu ation in Henderson From $27,000,000 to $18,000,000: No Funds With Which to Make Revaluation Dr. W. H. Justus Well known pioneer drujrKist who J died at his home this morning. He j I retired from active life two years 1 ajro. ! TRANSYLVANIA !PAVES WAY TO |ACT ON DEBTS Adjustment Association Is Formed With Program for Obtaining Relief J BREVARD. March f>.— (Spe cial).—Organization of "The Citi zens Debt Adjustment Associa tion" was perfected at the county courthouse here Saturday after noon, when a representative body of the taxpayers of the county met and discussed the situation now facing Transylvania county and the town of Brovard, which showed that nearly three million dollars indebtedness is hanging over the two political units. R. W. Everett, farmer and busi ness man was selected as chair-1 man of the jrroup; Jerry Jerome, ' secretary of B?evard Building & Loan association, vice chairman, and C. M. Douglas, editor of The ; Transylvania Times, secretary. An j executive committee was named as follows: A. F. Mitchell attorney; I H. L. Allison, farmer; S. W. Rau ! ford, business man; D. L. English, attorney, and J. S. Silversteen, manufacturer. A resolution was adopted and has been sent to Rep. M. W. Gai loway. asking th.it he introduce a bill in the general assembly which would allow the county commis sioners to have complete revalua tion of all property in the county, either as a blanket reduction of present valuation or an individual revaluation. A resolution was also adopted by the body, asking Representa tive Galloway to introduce a meas. ure which would permit the board of county commissioners and the board of aldermen of the town of Brevard to refuse to levy suffi cient tax rrte to take care of the bonded indebtedness. i Such a levy is now required under the state-wide regulations. It was pointed out at the meeMn^ that to allow a levy sufficient to take care of the nearly two mi' lion dollar indebtedness now owed by the county would make the rate prohibitive and would result in non-payment of taxes on a large scale. | Consensus of opinion as ex pressed at the meeting was to the effect that under existing circum stances, it would be impossible for people of the county to pay the total debt of the county; that val 1 ues had been slashed on all prod > ucts raised on the farm; that ' manufacturing was at a very low ' ebb in the county, and that unless 1 the bondholders were willing t o make concessions in resrard to the ' large debt owed by the county 'that people could not pay. Belief that a horizontal cut I will be ordered on property valu-! ations in Henderson county, in-1 stead of a revaluation, was ex- j pressed here today after it had i become known that the general! assembly has passed a bill pro-1 viding the necessary machinery, j The state-wide act, which will! be ratified within a week or 10 days, gives boards of county j commissioners authority to make horizontal reductions or to re value all property, while local bills are being planned to make revaluation mandatory in some counties. The act just enacted provides "that the reductions in values of real estate shall not exceed in the aggregate 33 1-3 per cent." I T. L. Durham, chairman of the Henderson county board of com missioners, is known to favor a horizontal cut instead of revalua tion for the reasons that no pro vision has been made in the bud get for the expense of revalua tion this year, that revaluation would require considerable time as well as expense, and that there is no actual basis on which property can be revalued at this time. Other public official hold the same view, pointing out that revaluation would result in as many inequalities as now exist, while a horizontal cut would ap ply with equal effect to all prop erty owners. The present property valuation in Henderson county is approxi mately $27,000,000. If the maxi mum cut now authorized by law were applied, the total on which 1934 taxes would be based would be $18,000,000. There is little chance, however, that a cut of more than 20 or 25 per cent could be made here. While a [substantial reduction of property values usually has the effect of raising the tax rate the opinion has been expressed here that if the state removes the 15 cent levy now collected for the ex tended school term, as contem pleted, the county could reduce property values 20 per cent and, with the application of strict economy, keep the tax rate at or near the present <J5 cents level. NEW THEATRE KEEPS STAFF No Change in Personnel of Workers; Look for Big Opening Tonight Headed by Harry F. Buchannan, as manager, the personnel of the staff of the new Carolina thea tre, which is to be opened to night, will be made up of persons who are already serving, and have been serving, Henderson ville's entertainment needs. Assisting Mr. Huchannan will be Jack Headrick young in years but a veteran in serving the pub lic in its amusement needs. Mr. Headrick will be in charge of the service department, some of the advertising and publicity work and other dctaiK The pleasant "thank you" and "good evening" which accompany tickets at the box office, will be dispensed by Miss Mary Head rick and Miss Marian McOall, cashiers of the new Carolina who will preside over the box office. Among those who will assist patrons to their seats, hold the baby, look up information about comintr pictures and do any other possible service to help make pa trons happy, will be John and Guy Hollingsworth. The Carolina's janitor. Butler Mills, who has been on the job here for years, will head the cleaning department and also the colored department in the gal lery. Very happy in his assign ment he declared that "working in that new Carolina will be a joy forever, and I am going to keep it spic and span for the good people of Hendersonville." Each employe of the new thea tre has already been assigned his post and has made arrangements to begin work in the new play house. Indciations point to a large attendance at the opening program tonight. THREEFOLD PROGRAM OF RELIEF SEEN Stop Withdrawls, Impound Collateral, Regain De- i posits Are Aims PRESSES GRINDING OUT NEW CURRENCY WASHINGTON, Ma»\ G. (UP). A three-fold emergency program to deal with th£ economic and banking crisis was revealed tcviay by Democratic leaders: 1.—Stop withdrawals from the banks (already temporarily in ef fect) through a national bank hol iday. 2.—Authorize the comptroller of the currency to compel banks to impound their good security as collateral I or dealing house cer tificates or scrip. 3.—Enactment of legislation that will insure the return of bank deposits. (UNITED PRESS) Engraving printing presses, in most instances heavily guarded, arc running at top speed in the country todav to provide ready currency for the people, as a means of exchange by which they can transact business during the unsettled banking situation. Home made money, fully backed by sound security and authorized by law, will be ready for distribu tion immediately on the resump tion of banking transactions. U. S. CHECKS CASHED WASHINGTON, Mar. fi. (UP). The United States treasury an nounced today that it would cash | all government checks but that no I gold would be paid out on govern j ment checks or on gold certifi I cates. iCAUCUS SUMMONED 1 WASHINGTON, Mar. G. (UP). House Democratic leaders today | sped the organization of the next congress in preparation for Presi dent Roosevelt's emergency finan ' cial program, with Speaker-elect I Rainey summoning a party cau cus for Wednesday. VIEW OF ROBINSON WASHINGTON. Mar. 6. (UP). J Democratic Senate Leader Robin son said today he believed the spe cial session of congress would ad journ immediately after passing emergency banking legislation which would not include a gen eral reorganization of the banking system. • promises EARLY RELIEF WASHINGTON. Mar. 6. (UP). ' Secretary of the Treasury Wood ' in said today that plans for a me dium of exchange to meet neces sary demands were being worked out and would be in operation by | tomorrow. ! STRONG-ARM METHODS WASHINGTON, Mar. 6. (UP). Democratic leaders today agreed to use strong-arm methods to jam emergency legislation through the special session of congress which j begins Thursday noon. ' HOOVER URGES SUPPORT NEW YORK, March 6.—(UP). (Continued on page four) Banks Strongest Since 1929. View Held by Babson LAKE WALES, Fla., March 6. I (UP).—Roger W. Babson, finan i cial expert, asserted here today that the banks of the United j Spates are "in a stronger position I than at any time since 1929." He blamed the people, not the banks for hoarding cash in safes, mat tresses, sugar bowls arul pockets, | and urged the nation to use that cash to pay bills, buy goods, or ' take it back to the banks. To See Farmers Regarding Crop Loans Wednesday Donald L. McCafferty, local field inspector for the crop pro duction loan office announced *o day that he will be in his office at the city hall Wednesday morn ing. ready to assist farmers who desire to secure loans for seed and fertilizer for production of crops during the coming season. Cermak Loses 17 Day Fight For His Life End Comes at 6:55 A. M.j Today; From Assassin's; Bullet Intended for Roosevelt MIAMI, March 6. — (UP). — Mayor Anton J. Cermak of Chi cago, "Tony" from coal mining days, who rose to be mayor of the nation's second city, died at (5:55 a. m. today from effects of a bullet fired bv Guiseppe Zan gara, who intended to strike down Franklin D. Roosevelt, in | an attempted assassination here I on the night of February 15. The herioc 19-day battle of the fighting mayor ended as a result of gangrenous pneumonia, which set in to complicate colitis; and the heavy heart strain result ing from the bullet* which cut through his abdomen, touched his lung and liver and lodged in ihis spine. His brother. Joseph, his sister, j Mrs. Kallal, his secretary Mrs. j Clara Breesley, I)r. Frederick |Tice, one of his physicians and ! Dr. R. C. Woodward, hospital superintendent, and Vivian Gra ! ham, his 17-year-old grand ! daughter, were at his bedside. Cermak sank into a coma shortly after midnight and never revived. A priest and members of his family were called last night to the bedside of Mayor Cermak. The mayor was then reported as sinking rapidly and Senator Richey Graham, a friend of the mayor, at the time said Cermak was very weak. After they were summoned, Cermak's three daughters were admitted to the oxygen chamber in which he lay breathing heav ily. They talked to their father and he attempted to answer but was unable to speak. The Rev. Sidney Morrison of St. Bartholomew's church, South Chicago, was in readiness to ad minister baptism and the last rites of the church. Cermak was not a Catholic but his wife i is. I Chinese Casualty List Exceeds 1000 I Brigades Struggling to Reach Pass Bombed PEPING, March — (UP).— More than 1000 Chinese soldiers wore reported killed, wounded or missing today after Japanese forces bombarded two retiring brigades, struggling to rcaeh Kupeikow and Hsifengknow Snag Punctures Lung of 3-Year Old Balfour Lad •lack Taylor, 3-year-olJ son of Mr. and Mrs. W. M. Taylor of Balfour, was in a critical condi i tion this morning at the home of his parents as a result of n fall yesterday on a snajr. j The snag entered his body I just below the'heart, and punc tured the lung. 5 AND 10 GROUP AT BEULAH CHURCH ON TUESDAY EVENING Welfare workers and members of the 5-10 year farm committee will meet at Beulah church on j Tuesday evening at 7 o'clock, it I was announced this morninc. I The meeting will be held for I the purpose of working out plans . for community gardens for the i needy in this section, which is [included in the Ked Cross dis trict of H. L. F. Drake. JUNIOR ORDER MEETING The regular meeting of the Junior Order United American ! Mechanics, Skyland Council No. i 206, will meet tomorrow night at j the Woodman hall at 7:30 p. ni. I As this is one of the most impor tant meetings of the year, the of . ficers ask that all members be J present to take part. J More Community Gardening Space Being Asked Here Plea Is Made Especially as Regards Lots in City Limits Additional land to he used in j community gardens is needed, • especially within the city limits j of Hendersonvillc, leaders of thf»; farm rehabilitation plan for Hen- j derson county stated this morn inpr. Any owners of vacant land in the city or county, or those hav ing such land in charcre, are re quested to communicate with Noah Hollowell, secretary of the Chamber of Commerce, or with G. W. Justice. MORATORIU M IS GRANTED TO M. E. CHURCH 15 Months Extension Al~ lowed by St. Louis Firm on All Payments | A 15-months' moratorium on j principal and interest payments ; on its bonded indebtedness has | been granted the First M. E. | church by the Mercantile Com imere.o Trust company of St. I Louis, the Rev. Claude H. Mos er. pastor, announced from the , pulpit Sunday morning. An executive of the trust company who was here last week in conference with the Rev. Mr. j Moser and church officials asked j that it be announced that the i company had no idea of foreclos ing on the property, and that a ! moratorium on payments would be granted until Juno 1, 11*34, provided tho membership con tinues its efforts to discharge other financial obligations. Tho ! executive indicated that if eco nomic conditions have improved by June 1 1934, a new debt agreement extending over a long ; period of years will be made, and that if conditions have not improved, but have grown stead ily worse, the trust company will send the church its mortgage cancelled. ; The Rev. Mr. Moser said that while the moratorium should re lieve the church membership of immediate worry, the announce ment was not to be construed as an indication that the congrega tion could stop making regular payments on church pledges. "Every dollar that can be rais ed will be needed to meet cur rent expenses, payments on notes and other obligations," he said. Sunday was observed as a day of prayer and meditation in the church, with large congregations attending all services. The sacra-' mcnt. of the Lord's Suoper was ' administered in the forenoon, and at night the Rev. Mr. Moser I preached on "The Bible." He urged continued praver and med itation on behalf of the individ I ual, tho church and the nation, SEARCY HEADS CLUB STUDENT TEACHERS CULLOWHEE. March G The students Teachers Club has been organized at Western Carolina Teachcrs College. Members of tho club are the winter quarter prac tice teachers in the primary and grammar grades department of the college training school. John Searcy, of Hendcrsonville, was chosen president of the new i organization; Miss Helen Patton, of Franklin, was elected vice-pres ident; and Miss Lillie Gill Butt, of Hamlet, was chosen secretary treasurer. Members of the club are: Edna Patton. Maye Davis. Helen Pat ton, Amanda Clark. Thelma Hug gins, Annie Lou Keenum, Norma Burnette, Maxie Pressley, Lola Bell Matthews, Esther Thomas, Estelle Strickland, Maurice Wells, Geraldine Shook, and William Crawford, ' Roosevelt and Advisers Prefer Action to Halt Hoarding Be Regarded As Modified Bank Holiday, Rather Than National Moratorium. By RAYMOND CLAPPER United Press Staff Correspondent WASHINGTON. Mar. G. (UP). A modified national bank holiday extending through Thursday was declared by President Roosevelt in a proclamation last night. lie ordered all banks to suspend payments of gold and other forms of currency now on deposit. A special session of congress has been summoned to meet Thursday noon to consider banking and financial legislation. A system of clearing house cer tificates was ordered under th*» supervision of fh.; various federal j reserve districts to obtain virtual national uniformity. Stephen Early, White House secretary told newspapermen that Secretary of Treasury Woodin, former Secretary Ogden L. Mills and members of the federal re serve board "are standing by at the treasury ready to put the ma chinery in motion to make this effective." Every effort was being made to facilitate the prompt issue of clearing house certificates. Deci sions regarding details of issuance were expected to be rushed at the treasury department to speed up issue of the emergency money. The secretary of the treasury is empowered to authorize that new deposits made after the modified holiday went into effect may he accepted and preserved in special trust accounts which shall be sub ject to withdrawal on demand without any restriction or limita tion. Banks must keep such funds separately in cash, or on deposit in federal reserve banks or invest them in obligations of the United States government. The proclamation covers all banking institutions which include by the definition within the proc lamation itself, all federal reserve banks, national banking associa tions, banks, trust companies, savings banks, building and loan associations, credit unions, or any other corporation, partnership, as sociation or persons, engaged in receiving1 deposits, making loans, discounting business paper or en gaging in any other form of banking. , PROCLAMAi iuix INCLUSIVE AS DRAFTED I The proclamation was drafted I to be all inclusive in preventing : further paying out or ear-marking of funds now on deposit. It pro , vided against paying out, export inf, ear-marking, withdrawing or transferring in any manner of currency now held. Dealing in foreign exchange or transfer of credits from the Uni ted States to any dace abroad algo was prohibited during the life of the proclamation. The order was predicated upon the increase in hoarding and ! heavy withdrawals of bank fund* i and the draining from abroad of | stocks of £old. These conditions had created, I President Roosevelt said, a na j tional emergency. I "There have been heavy and unwarranted withdrawals of gold and currency from our bankincr J institutions for the purpose of hoarding," the proclamation fctat ed. "Continuous and increasingly i extensive speculative activity abroad in foreign exchange has resulted in severe drains on the nation's stocks of gold. The con ditions have created a national emergency." The president further explained that he regarded a period of res pite as being in the best interests of all depositors. "It is in the best interests of all bank depositors that a period of respite be provided with a view <o preventing further hoarding of coin, bullion, or currencv or speculation in foreign exchange and permitting the application of appropriate measures to protect the interests of our people." The secretary of the treasury was given authority with the ap proval of the president to remove entirely restrictions on individual banks at his discretion. This was provided to permit banks in the insular possessions and extra liquid banks within th« United States to operate as usual if permitted. The proclamation was dated at 12:05 a. m. Monday. President Roosevelt and his ad visors are understood to prefer | that this action be regarded as a, modified bank holiday rather'than as a national moratorium. It was designed to check devas-' tating withdrawals of cash, but! to permit creation of temporary emergency currency and to allowl (Continued on page two) STATE TRUST CO. OBSERVES BANK HOLIDAY Prepared to Meet Deposi tors' Demands in Full; Acts Under Orders OPEN HOUR~DAILY FOR MAKING CHANGE Although it was prepared to meet demands of depositors in full, if necessary, the State Tru*t company was closed today in con formity with orders issued by President Franklin D. Roosevelt and Gov. J. C. B. Ehringhaus. The orders were issued from Washington and Raleigh and were mandatory. They declared a three-day holiday, with possibility that the holiday will bo extended if uniform regulations governing reopening can not be worked out bef.orc Thursday. . ■ Meanwhile, and until further notice, the State Trust company will be open from 9 until 10 o'clock every morning for mak ing change and for the accommo dation of safety box holders. A telegraphic copy of the stat" wide order was posted on thu doors of the State Trust company before opening time this morning, but the doors were open and .1 few persons entered to oiscuss the situation with officials and em ployes of the bank, all of whom were at their posts. To these per sons and others, the officials ex plained that while the bank was in fluid condition and could have re mained open, meeting whatever demands that might have, been made by depositors, they had no choice in the matter. j _1 l,„,| l.ni.il 1 lie KJL UU vu V4VUV ..-v. anticipated here until Saturday night when a conference of state bankers with Gurney P. Hood, state banking commissioner, de cided that interests of bankers and depositors alike would be bos', served by declaring a holiday. Every state in the union had clamped restrictions on banking operations, and after New York had declared a holiday, thus clos ing the federal reserve banks and other large money markets, there was no other avenue open to North Carolina and other state*. Here in Hendersonville, extreme confidence was expressed in th" ' stability of the State Trust com pany. When the bank closed for Saturday afternoon and Sunday, officials fully intended to re-open today for the regular routine of business. Since it was organized two years ag«\ the assets of thf bank had been kept in unusually liquid condition. When it became known Satur day night that a state-wide hoi i dav probably would be declared, , officials of the State Trust com i uany asked that this bank be cx ; empted, but it was explained that I such an exception could not be made. j Belief was expressed here today I that when the banks arc re-oDened, after the holiday, withdrawals vtfil be limited and perhaps othe^ reg j ulations applied. / | Hendersonville business, mean while. like that of all.vother com munities in state ar/d nation, i1; cripnled by the lack' of exchanp»* facilities, and tho/isands of indi viduals are tryinpf in jfood spirit to get along witTi littlo or no money in their packets. B. and P. Women To Observe Week ; Special Meeting of Club Is Tuesday Night The Business and Professional Women's Club will meet Tues day evening at 8 o'clock with Miss Winnie Hogsett on Flem ing street. This meeting is in observance of National Woman's Week and fhe; ,Pul#Jk! Relations Committee of whicJi Mrs. P. N. Timmerman is chairman, will have charge of the program.