The Madisonian., March 04, 1913, Image 1

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A NEWSPAPER DEVOTED TO THE HOME CIRCLE
VOLUME I.
RICIIMOJSID, KENTUCKY, TUESDAY, MAIt' H 4, 1913.
N UMBER 9.
VJiLSOn INDUCTED
INTO HIBH OFFICE
- ,
Inauguration of Twenty-Seventh
President Is Witnessed by
Great Crowds, v
MARSHALL SVORil 111 FIRST
Rimplo Ceremony In Senate Chamber
Followed by More Impressive
Affair on East Portico of
the Capitol. .
By GEORGE CLINTON.
Washington, March 4.- In the pres
ence of a vast throng of his fellow citi
zens, Woodrow Wilson today 'stood in
front of the east portico of the "capitol
and took the oath of president of the
United States. Thomas R. Marshall
already had been sworn in as' vice
president, and with the completion of
the ceremony the ship of state was
manned by the Democratic party,
which had been " ashore for sixteen
years. . .
As the new chief executive of the
nation stood with bared head, Ed
ward. Douglass White, chief justice of
the Supreme court, held before him
the Bible always used in the cere
mony. Mr. Wilson placed his hands
upon' the book and in a voice strong,
though somewhat affected by emotion,
swore to support the Constitution and
the laws of the country and to perform
the duties of his high office to the best
or his ability.
Thomas Riley Marshall swore feal
ty to the Constitution and to the
people in the senate chamber, where
for four years it will be his duty to
preside- over the deliberations of the
members of the upper house of con
gress. , - ...'
Severely Simple Ceremonies. '
Uoth of the ceremonies proper were
conducted in a severely simple but
most impressive manner. The sur
roundings of the scene of the presi
d?nt's induction into office, however,
were not so simple, for it was an out-of-door
event and the great gathering
-of military, naval and uniformed civil
organizations gave much more than a
touch of splendor to the scene.
In the senate chamber, where the
the oath was taken by the man now
vi.--presldent of the United States,
President Woodrow Wilson. .
there were gathered, about 2,000
people, all that the upper house will
contain without the risk , of danger
because of the rush and press of the
multitudes. It is probable that no
where el3e in the United States at
any time are there gathered an equal
number of men and wromen whose
names are so widely known. The
gathering in the senate chamber and
later on the' east portico of the capi
tol was composed largely of those
prominent for their services in Amer
ica, and in part of foreigners rwho
. have secured places for, their names
in the current history of the world's
doings. . . '
The arrangements of the ceremonies
for the inauguration of Woodrow 'Wil
son and Thomas Riley Marshall were
made by the joint committee on ar
rangements of congress. , The senate
section of this committee was ruled
by a majority of Republicans, but
there is Democratic testimony to the
fact that the Republican senators
were willing to outdo their Democratic
brethren in the work of making or
derly and Impressive the inaugural
ceremonies in honor of two chieftains
of the opposition. -,
Ride to the Capitel -President
Taft and President-elect
Wilson rode together from the 'White
House-to the capitol, accompanied by
two members of the congressional
'committee of arrangements. The vice-president-elect
also rode from the
White House to the capitol and in the
carriag3 with him were the senate's
president pro tempore, Senator Bacon
of Georgia, and three, members cl the
w . ' , If -vrrvr,;
it r$&'
congressional committee , or arran ge
ments. :
The vice-presidenUelect took "the
oath just , before noon in accordance
with custom and prior . to its taking
by the president-elect Every arrange
ment for the senate chamber pro
ceedings had been made so that they
moved forward easily and with a cer
tain ponderous grace.
' Marshall Sworn In.
The admission to the senate cham
ber to, witness the. oath-taking .of the
vice-president - was by ticket, and it
'is" needless to say every seat was
occupied. On the floor of the cham
ber were many former members of
the senate who, because of the fact
that they once held membership in
that body, were given Che privileges
of the floor. After tha hall was filled
and all the minor officials of govern
ment and those privileged to witness
the ceremonies were seated, William
H. Taft andNWoodrow Wilson, preced
ed by the sergeant-at-arms and the
committee of arrangements, entered
the senate chamber. They were fol
lowed immediately by Vice-Presidentelect
Thomas R. Marshall, leaning
upon the arm of the president pro
tempore of the senate .who, after the
seating pt the incoming vice-president,
took his place as presiding officer of
the senate and of the day's proceed
ings. 1
The president- and . the : president
elect sat In the first row of 6eats di
rectly in front and almost under the
desk of the presiding .officer. In the
same row, but to their left, were the
vice-president-elect and two former
vice-presidents of the United States,
Levi P. Morton of New York and Ad
lai A, Stevenson of -Illinois.
Wben the .distinguiehed company en
tered the chamber the senate was
still under its old organization. The
oath of office was immediately admin
istered to Vice-President-elect Mar
shall, who thereupon became Vice
President Marshall. The prayer of the
day was given by the chaplain of the
senate, Rev. Ulysses G. B. Pierce, pas
tor of All Souls' Unitarian church, of
which President Taft has been a(mem-,
ber. After the prayer the vice-president
administered the oath of office
to all the newly chosen senators, and
therewith the senate of the United
States passed for the first time in
years into the control of theDemo
cratic party. J
Procession to the Platform.
Immediately after the senate cere
monies a procession was formed to
march to the platform of the east por
tico ,of the capitol, where Woodrow
Wilson was to take the oath. The. pro
cession included the president and the
president-elect, members of the Su
preme court, both houses of congress,
all of the foreign ambassadors, all of
the heads of . the executive depart
ments, many governors of states and
territories, Admiral Dewey of the navy
and several high officers of the sea
service, the chief of staff of the army
and many distinguished persons from
civil life. They were followed by the
members of the press and by those
persona who had succeeded in secur
ing seats in the senate galleries
WThen President Taft and the president-elect
emerged from the capitol
on to the portico they saw in front
of them, reaching far back Into the
park to the east, an immense con
course of citizens. In the narrow line
between the onlookers and the plat
form on which Mi. Wilson was to take
the oath, were drawn up the cadets
of the two greatest government
schools, West Point and Annapolis,
and flanking them were bodies of reg
ulars and of national guardsmen. The
whole scene was charged with color
and with life.
. On reaching the, platform the presi
dent and president-elect took the
seats reserved for them, seats which
were flanked by many rows of benches
rising tier on tier for the accommoda
tion of the' friends and families of the
officers of the government and of the
press. . -: .
Oath Administered to Wilson.
The Instant that Mr. Taft and Mr.
Wilson came within sight of the crowd
there was a great outburst of ap
plause, and the military bands struck
quickly Into "The Star Spangled Ban
ner." Only a few bars of the music
were plaved and then soldiers and ci
vilians became silent to"witness re
spectfully the . oath taking and to
listen to the address which followed. '
The chief justice of the Suprexue
court delivered the oath- to the president-elect,
who, uttering the words,
"I . will," became president of the
United Statesl As soon as this cere
mony was completed Woodrow Wilson
delivered Lis inaugural address, hi3
first speech, to his fellow countrymen
in the capacity of their chief execu
tive. ' v ,
At the conclusion of, the speech the
band3 played once more, and William
Howard Taft, now ex-president of the
United States, entered a carriage with
the new president and, reversing the
order of an hour before, sat on the
left hand side of the carriage, while
Mr. Wilson took "the seat of honor
on the right ; The crowds cheered as
they drove away to the White House,
which Woodrow Wilson entered as the
occupant and which William H. Taft
immediately left as one' whose lease
had expired. : r-: - -
GREAT PARADE III
HONOR OF WILSON
Federal and State Troops, Men
From Navy, Veterans5 and
Civilians March.
GDI. WOOD IS GRAND MARSHAL
Indians, Hunt Clubs and College Stu
. dents Are In Line Enthusiastic
' Spectators Continuously 'Cheer
the Inaugural Procession.
By GEORGE CLINTON.
Washington, March 4. The "Jeffer
sonian simplicity" which Woodrow
Wilson requested should be observed
in every detail of his inauguration as
president did not apply to the inaugu
ral parade, for it was as elaborate as
such an affair usually is. The neople
wanted it eo, and they showed their
appreciation of the spectacle by turn
ing out by the hundred thousand and
cheering wildiy as the marchers pass
ed with bands playing loudly and flags
waving bravely.
The newly inaugurated president re
viewed the procession and smiled his
approval as ha returned the. salutes of
the commanding officers, for all the
glittering show had been arranged in
his honor. Pennsylvania avenue, from
the capitol to the White House, was
full of color, music and movement
People Enjoy the Sight
The inhibition of the inaugural ball
and of the planned public reception at
the capitol had no effect as a bar to
the attendance at this ceremony of
changing presidents. Masses were here
to see, and other masses were here to
march. There was a greater demon
stration while the procession was pass
ing than there was four years ago.
Victory had come to a party which
had known nothing like victory for a
good many years. The joy of posses
sion - found expression in steady and
abundantly noisy acclaim. '
President Taft and President-elect
Wilson were escorted down the ave
nue by the National Guard troop of
Maj. Gen. Leonard Wood, Grand Mar
shal of the Parade.
cavalry of Essex county, New Jersey.
The carriage in which rode Vice-President-elect
Marshall and . Presi
dent pro tempore Bacon of the United
States senate was surrounded by the
members of the Black Horse troop of
the Culver Military academy of Indi
ana. This is the first time in the his
tory of inaugvral ' ceremonies that a
guard of honor has escorted a vice
president to the scene of his -oath tak
ing. v Formation of Parade.
The military and the civil parade, a
huge , affair which ' stretched Its
length for miles along the Washington
streets, formed on the avenues radiat
ing from the capitol. After President
elect Wilson had become President
Wilson and Vice-President-elect Mar
shall had become Vice-President
Marshall, they went straightway from
the capitol to the White House and
thence shortly to the reviewing stand
in the park at the mansion's front
The parade, with Maj. Gen. Leonard
Wood,: United . States army, as ; Its
grand marshal, started from the capi
tol grounds to move along the avenue
to the White House, "where It was to
pass in review. The trumpeter sound
ed "forward march" at the Instant the
signal was flashed from the White
house that In fifteen minutes the new
ly elected president and commander-in-chief
of the armies and navies of
the United States would be ready to
review "his troops.": ,
It was thought that the parade might
lack some of the picturesque features
which particularly appealed - to the
people ; on former occasions. There
were Indians and rough , riders, here
not only when Roosevelt was inaugu
rated, but when he went ouft of office'
and -was succeeded by William "H.
Taft 'The parade, however, in honor
of Mr. j Wilroh seemed to be nUjtur
esque enough In Its features to appeal
to the, multitudes. They certainly
made noise enough cver.lt
The . procession was in divisions
with General Wood as the grand
marshal of the whole affair and hav
ing a place at Its head. - The display,
in the words invariably used on Use
occasions,, was ."impressive and bril
Hant", '
Wotherspoon Leads Regulars.
.The , regulars of the country's two
armed service naturally had the right
of way.' Maj.- Gen. W. W. Wother
spoon. United States army, was in
command of the first division, in
which marched the softiiers and sailors
and marines, from the posts and the
navy yards within a day's ride of
Washington. The West Point cadets
and the midshipmen from the naval
academy at Annapolis, competent be
yond other corps in manual and in
evolution, the future generals and ad
mirals of the army, had place in the
first division.
All' branches of the army service
were represented In the body of regu
lars engineers, artillery, cavalry, in
fantry and signal corps. The sailors
and marines from half a dozen battle
ships rolled along smartly in the wake
of their landsmen brethren.
.. . The National Guard division follow
ed the division of regulars. It was
commanded by Brig. Gen. Albert L.
Mills, United States army, who wore
the medal of honor given him for con
spicuous personal gallantry at the bat
tle of Sah Juan hilL General Mills is
the chief of the militia division of the
United States war department
The entire National Guard of New
Jersey was in line, and Pennsylvania,
Massachusetts, - Maryland, ' Virginia;
Georgia, Maine and North Carolina:
were represented by bodies of civilian
soldiers. Cadets from many of the
private and state military schools of
the country had a place in the militia,
d I vision! Among them were boys from
the Virginia Military Institute, the Cul
ver Military Academy of Indiana, the
Carlisle school, Purdue university, the
Citadel cadets and the Georgia Mili
tary academy.
The third division of the parade was
composed of Grand Army of the Re
public TfrteranB, members of the Union
Veteran league ' and of the Spanish
war' .organizations. Gen. James E.
Stuart cf Chicago, a veteran of both
the Civil and the Spanish wars, was
in command.
Thousands of Civilians. .
Robert N. Harper, chief marshal of
the civic 'forces, commanded the fourth
division. Under his charge were po
litical organizations from all parts of
the country, among them being Tam
many, represented by 2,000 of ' its
braves, and Democratic clubs from
Chicago, Boston, Philadelphia, Balti
more and other cities.
They put the American Indians into
the civilian division. The fact that
they were in war paint and feathers
helped out in picturesqueness and did
nothing to disturb the peace. Mem
bers of the United - Hunt Clubs1 of
America rode in this division. Their
pink coats and their high hats ap
parently were not thought to jar
"Jeffersonian simplicity" from its
seat" Pink coats were worn on the
hunting field in Jefferson's day and in
Jefferson's state. -
There were 1,000 Princeton students
in the civic section of the parade.
Many of them wore orange and black
sweaters and they were somewhat
noisy though perfectly proper. Stu
dents from seventeen other 'colleges
and universities were , among the
marchers. "
There was music enough for any
democratic occasion. -The judicious
distribution of ( the bands prevented
the clashing of tunes. There were
fifty bands in line, but nlyone of
them, the Marine band, was allowed to
play "hail to the Chief," a tune which
every band on an occasion like this
hitherto has insisted on playing almost
incessantly; to. the routing of every
thing else known io the composers of
the past. :'
. Cheering Is Continuous.
All along Pennsylvania avenue, from
the capitol to a point four block be
yond the White House, the spectators
were massed in "lines ten deep. 'The
cheering .was constant and Woodrow
Wilson cannot complain that the cere
monies . attending his Induction, into
office were : not accompanied - by ap
parently heartfelt acclaim of the peo
ple over ; whom he , is to rule for at
least four years. . -ir "' .' -
Every window in every building on"
Pennsylvania avenue, which is not oc-'
eupied for office purposeswas rented
weeks ago for a good round sum of
money. Every room overlooking the
marching) parade was taken by as
many spectators es.cound find a vant
age point from which to peer:through
the window, panes.. The roofs of the
buildings : were covered with persons
willing to stand for hours in a March
day tu sea the, wonders of the inaugu
ral parade, and many of thempartic
ularly glad of an opportunity to go
home and to say that after many years
waiting they had seen a Democratic
president, inaugurated.
The parade passed the reviewing
stand of President Wilson, who stood
uncovered while the xnarchera saJatei
INAUGURAL DAYS
OP FORER YEARS
How George Washington Became
President at Federal Hall in
New York City.
FALSE STORY OF JEFFERSON
a
"Simplicity" of His Inauguration a
Myth Traced to English Writer
Jackson Fairly Mobbed by
Motley Throng.
From the very beginning of , the na
tion, inauguration day has generally
been a day of display and festivity
for the people of the United States,
though at times national conditions
have made it an occasion more solemn
than joyous. But always the induction
of a new. president has been a note
worthy and Interesting event
When George Washington was in
augurated the first president in 1789,
New York was tLe temporary capital
of the young nation, and it was there
that the ceremony took place after
General Washington had ridden from
his home at Mount Vernon in what
was much like a triumphal progress. -.
Welcomed to New York.
Arriving at Elizabethtown Point,
NT. J., on April 23, he entered a barge
rowed by 12 pilots clad 1 in white,
and passed through the Kill von Kull
Into New York Harbor, which was full
of all manner of craft gaily decorated
and loaded with cheering crowds. The
Spanish man of war Galveston broke
out the colors of all nations, and
fired a salute of. 13 guns, to which the
American frigate North Carolina re
sponded.. Finally, on April 30, all was ready
for the inauguration. Washington
was escorted to Federal hall, then
ihe capitol, which stood on the site of
the present sub-treasury at Wall and
Broad streets; - The vstreets Jiad been
filled since sunrise with waiting
crowds, and the enthusiasm was in
tense. - In the senate chamber Wash
ington was joined by Adam3, Knox,
s v"-&v A !
Chief Justice White.
Hamilton, von Steuben and a few oth
ers, and all of them appeared on the
balcony. Robert R.' Livingston, chan
cellor of New York, administered the
oath and cried "Long live George
Washington, president of the United
States," whereupon there broke out
a mighty tumult of cheering, bell-ringing
and the noise of cannon. Re
turning to the senate chamber. Pres
ident Washington read his inaugural
address and the history of the
United States under the constitu
tion began. , '
, Jefferson Story False.
If you are a -good Democrat, no
doubt you believe that Thomas Jeffer
son rode unattended to the capitol on
horseback, tied his . horse to the
fence, and was Inaugurated with iess
ceremony than would attend the tak
ing of office by a keeper of a dog
pound. Such is the old story, but it
is pure myth and is first found in
a : book of travels in the' United
States written by John Davi3, an Eng
lishman Davis asserted that ho was
an eye-witness of the Eimple ceremony
which ho described, but it has been
proved that he was not in. Wash
ington at the time. . 'f ;
. The Inauguration of Jefferson wliich,
marked the defeat of the FedersJist
party "of . - Hamilton, Washing ton,
Adams and Jay, was the first to take
place in Washington. The newly ; es
tablished national capiat thn but
'J
v y J;
a few months old, contained only 3,000
inhabitants, many of them negroes;
the houses were mostly huts and the
streets muddy road3. The big event
was thus described in the Philadelphia
Aurora of March 11; 1801:
"At an early hour on Wednesday,
March 4, the city of Washington pre
sented a spectacle of uncommon ani
mation occasioned by the addition to
its usual population of a large body
of citizens from the adjacent districts.
A discharge from the company of
Washington artillery ushered in the
day, and about one o'clock the Alex
andria company of riflemen with the
company of artillery paraded- in front
of the President's lodgings. At 12
o'clock Thomas Jefferson; attended by
a number of his fellow citizens, among
whom were many membflrs, of con
gress, repaired to the capitol. His
dress was, as usual, that of a plain
citizen, without any distinctive badge
of office. He entered the capitol un
der a discharge from the artillery As
soon as he withdrew a' discharge from
the artillery was made. - The remain
der of the day was devoted to pur
poses of festivity, and at night there
was a pretty general Illumination."
"Man of the People."
When Andrew Jackson was elected
in the fall of 182S the people of the
west and the radical elements jof the
south scored a triumph and he was
hailed as a "man of the people." This
character was emphasized on the day
of his inauguration the following
March, for never before had such a
huge motley throng gathered in Wash
ington. Jackson's wife had died not
long before, and he asked that the
ceremonies be made very simple, but
the masses were too hilarious to heed
the request. The weather was pleas
ant and the east front of the capitol
was used for the first time for the in
auguration. In front of it surged
10,000 persons who were restrained
only by a great iron chain. Jackson
rode to the capitol on a white horse
and went through the ceremonies with
dignity, and started back to the White
House. Then began his troubles, for
the people broke loose with a ven
geance. "
"The president was literally pursued
by a motley concourse of people, rid
ing, running, helter-skelter, striving
who should first gain admittance into
the executive mansion, where it was
understood that refreshments would
be distributed, wrote a contempo
rary,' Mrs. Samuel Harrison Smith. In
their mad rush the crowds smashed
furniture and dishes and seized the
food as if they were starving. "The
confusion became more and more al
palling. At one moment . the presi
dent, who had retreated until he was
pressed against the wall of the apart
ment, could only be secured against
serious danger by a number of gen- v
tlemen linking arms and forming
themselves into a ' barrier. It was
then that the windows were thrown
open, and the living throng found an
outlet. It was the people's day, the
people's president, and the people
would rule." . i
Too. Much for Harrison.
For 12 years the Democrats con
trolled the destinies of the country, '
and then the Whigs elected William
Henry Harrison, who was inaugurated
March 4, 1841. By this time trans
portation was made easier by the
building of railways and the crowd
that flocked to . Washington . was im
mense. It was much better, behaved
than that which "honored" Jackson,
but it wa3 hungry for offices. Horace
Greeley, who had conducted the Log
Cabin, a Whig campaign- paper in
New York, wrote: "We have nothing
now here in politics but large and nu
merous swarms of office hunting lo
custs sweeping to Washington daily.
Ail the rotten land speculators, broken
bank directors, swindling cashiers,
etc., are in full cry for oface, and even
so humble a man as I am is run down
for letters, letters. Curse their nau
seous impudence!"
Cold, wintry blasts swept the streets
of Washington that March day, and
Harrison, already old and rather r
feeble, rode his white horse without
cloak or overcoat, and with his hat
off in salute to the cheering crowds.
The line of march was nnprecedent
edly long, and so was the Inaugural
address, and then the president led
the procession back to . the ' White
House.' The exposure was too much for
him ' and within one month he was
dead.
When Lincoln Took Hold.
Immensely dramatic was the first
inauguration, of Abraham Lincoln In
1861. From the day of his election
threats against his life were numer
ous, and detectives ' discovered and
foiled an organized plot io assassinate
him on his ay to Washington. The'
big bodies of troops that had been
employed at former Inaugurations
merely , to add pomp to the occasion
now wexe used for. the protection of
the president. '
Tbe day had opened cloudy, chilly
and disnal, but as the president step
ped forward - to take the oath from
the aged Chief Justice Taney the sun.
burst through the clouds and shone
full on the. bowed head of the man,
who wa;i to give up his life for the
country; he loved. ... . Lincoln Mmself . -noticed
'this "sunburst", and drel
from it x happy augury.-1