The Madisonian., November 11, 1913, Image 5

About The Madisonian. (Richmond, Ky.) 1913-1914

Image provided by: University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY

                
- 'v, j; V-V T H E M A D I S ONIAH- ' : t; ,
EJCPEniMEOT OF SEED TESTING
RECOGNIZED AS MOST IMPORTANT
Poor Seeds Means Poor Stands Poor Stands Mearts Small
Crops The Inspection of Seeds Is Necessary in
Obtaining. Desirable Results
(By H. Garman, Head of the Division of Entomology and Botany.)
Testing. .', .
. .The Importance of seed testing is
recognized in the law establishing the
Agricultural Experiment stations and
provision for it has been made in
many of the great agricultural states.
Poor needs, mean poor stands. ,Poor
stand mean small crops. Every far
mer knows this,, and only poor farmers
fail to act on the knowledge. Yet
there is. no part of agricultural prac
tice in which the farmer is more like
ly to make mistakes or be deceived.
He has learned to pick out a' good ani
mal. He does not always pick out a
good seed. This is due in part to the
difficulty of determining the quality of
seeds by ordinary methods of examina
tion. A seed of fine appearance and
well cleaned may germinate 50 per
cent or lower; or on the other hand, it
may germinate 98 per cent and have
with It enough dodder seeds to sow a
farm, so thickly with the pest that
profitable crops of clover can not be
sown on the land for years, afterward.
The Kentucky Experiment Station
stands ready,' so far as its resources
will permit, to help either farmer or
seedsman in this important matter.
Seeds are tested here both for purity
and germination at the request of citi
zens of this state. This brief note is
simply to call attention to two or three
features of the work, which experience
shows are likely to be misunderstood
by those sending us samples.
1. The percentage of purity of sam
ples is determined . quickly and is re
ported as soon as determined, often
on the same day the . sample is re
ceived, though this depends on the
number of samples received ahead of
It.
2. When germination tests are
wanted also, this should he stated in
the letter accompanying samples. It
requires a week at least to get a germ
ination test of seeds,, and grass seeds
such as those of blue-grass require a
month. A letter received recently
with a sample requests a "germination
test by return mail," a feat of which
no station on earth is capable at pre
sent. Such tests are reported as soon
as they can be completed. A prelim
inary report can be, made if desired,
and though incomplete sometimes in
dicates the quality of a sample, be
cause fresh seeds germinate more
promptly than old ones.
The following list taken from the
"rules" followed bv seed analvats will
how about how long one must wait to
get a satisfactory germination test I
am adding to it the Instructions we
are accustomed to furnish those who
propose to send us samples of forage
seeds for analysis.
Kind of Seed. Day for making germ
inating report
Field crops. Preliminary. Final.
Barley 3
Beans 3
Beets 5
Buckwheat . . ... 4
Corn .- 3
6
6
8
8
6
8
6
6
6
6
, 8
6
14
6
6
Cotton 4
Rla - -3
Hemp 3
Oats 3
Peas 3
Rice 4
Rye .,.... 3
Tobacco 6
Turnips 3
Wheat 3
Grasses, Clovers and Forage Plants.
Alfalfa N. .. 3
Bermuda gross 10
Bluegrass 14
Brome grass . . ; 5
plover, alsike 3
Clover, crimson ...... 2
Clover, mammoth red. 3
Clover, common red . . 3
Clover, white '. 3
Cowpeas 4
6
21
28
10
6
4
6
6
6
8
10
6
14
6
14
8
'8
8
8
6
8
14
6
8
6
14
. 6
14
6
6
4
6
8
8
"28
14
6
. 8
6
4
10
lv
Meadow fescue
Millet "...
Orchard grass
5
3
6
3
5
6
4
4
4
Rape ....
Redtop ..
Rye grass
Sorghum
Soy beans
Teosinte
Timothy ............. 6
Turnips
Vetch ......
Vegetables,
Asparagus .
Beans .....
3
4
6
3
5
6
3 .
Beets
Cabbage Ss
. .
Carrcrt '.. ,
Caulinawer
Celery ... t;
Cucumbers
Kale '.
Lettuce
Muskmelons
Okra ......
Onions . ...
' Parsley ....
Parsnips ....
Peas ......
Peppers ...
6
......... 3
3
......... 2
3
......... 4
4
......... 14
......... 6
.......... 3
4
Pumpkins 3 ,
Radishes 2
Salisfy 5
Spinach ............. . 5
Squashes ,. 3
Sweet corn ....... .-t.. 3
Tomatoes ..... ... . ... 4
Turnips , ........... .. 3
Wa teruwelons ........ 4
6
.6
6
g"'
Directions for Taking Seed Sample
for Testing. .. ,
In order to get fair tests of samples
it is necessary that seeds be taken
from different parts of the bulk lots
they represent A seed sampler is a
convenience when samples are taken
from sacks. The bulks should be
thoroughly mixed before samples are
taken.
Samples of the following v seeds
should in each case weigh two ounces :
Red clover, sapling clover, alsike
clover, crimson clover, sweet clover,
alfalfa, orchard grass, English blue
grass and rye grass. 1
Samples' of the following should
weigh one ounce in each case: Ken
tucky bluegrass, Canada bluegrass,
red tdp and timothy. -
Put all samples in stout paper en
velopes. Ordinary . envelopes when
filled with seeds are often broken by
the stamps used in postofflces and let
the seeds escape. Put your complete
address on each envelope sent us, and
address it to us as follows:
Division of Entomology and Botany,
Kentucky Agricultural Experiment
Station,- Lexington, Ky.
In writing to us, state whether you
want a purity test, a germination test,
or both.
Tests are made free of charge, and
are gifen attention in the order of
their receipt Only purity tests are
made for people -living outside of Ken
tucky, except by special request
' Inspection.
The subject of seed inspection is so
closely associated with seed testing
that it is difficult to treat them sep
arately. We have an imperfect law in
Kentucky applying only to certain
forage seeds, which provides for in
spections to be made by the station.
The forage. seeds to be Inspected are
the following, given together with the
adulterants specified in the. Jaw.
Red clover: Adulterants, 5 per
cent or more by weight of trefoil
(Medicago lupulina) or sweet clover
(Melilotus alba and M. officinale).
Alfalfa: Adulterants, same as for
red clover.
Kentucky bluegrass: Adulterants,
5 per cent or more by weight of Cana
da bluegrass, red top chaff or seed, or
any other seed or foreign substance.
Orchard grass: Adulterants, 5 pei
cent or more by weight of meadow fes.
cue (Festuca elatior pratensis), Eng
lish rye grass (Lolium perenne) or
Italian rye grass (L. Italicum).
Timothy: Adulterants, 5 per cent
or more by weight of any other seed
or foreign substance.
The adulterants actually named, it
will be noted, are not calculated to do
the farmer any harm,' except as they
defraud him by substituting a cheap
seed for a more valuable one. And
this mere substitution of one seed for
another would not be so bad were it
not that these adulterants are gen-'
erally obtained from abroad and are
likely not to be first rate seeds of
their kind. Yet if they germinate weL1
they furnish' some forage and then die
out, leaving the farmers no worse off
except that he has lost some time and
money.
Large percentages of noxious weed
seeds are often sold with forage seeds
and would pass inspection ueder this
law excepting as they may be found in
Kentucky bluegrass, or timothy,
where the addition of the words, "or
any other seed or foreign substance"
cuts out all foreign seeds above 5
per cent Below this percentage, how
ever, quantities of dodder and buck
horn seeds may be sold in our mar
kets without challenge. , A, law r per
mitting the sale of dodder seeds up to
W2 per cent is all that-the most care
less or indifferent seedsman , need ask
as a legal guaranty that he will not be
molested. Our experience in seed
analysis constantly suggests the im
portance to our farmers of absolutely
prohibiting "'the-sale of seed3 -with
which dodder, broom-rape seeds, or
wild onion bulbs are 1 mixed in any.
percentage.
No samples are tested under the law
except such as have been taken, by
authorized agents of the station. As
already stated, we test any seeds sent
to us, but this is solely with the object
of helping those sending the samples.
They may be properly taken or not
We assume no responsibility, excepting
as to the correctness of the analysis.
In other words, .rhile wo test any
seeds 'sent to -us, our inspections : of
seeds apply only to stock of which we
have personal knowledge. ' For - this
purpose samples are taken by us from
stock offered for sale, and are sub
sequently tested in the seed laboratory
of the station. .We can thus certify
as to who offered the seeds for sale
and to all other details necessary to
secure conviction . in case the ; pure
seed law has been violated Any one
familiar with legal proced are in our
courts: will understand that the neces
sary proof .cannot readily be secured
from samples taken by Eeople' who
are. strangers to us and .who hav a
personal, perhaps, a financial, interest
In proving some one else in, the wrong.
We must know the 'history, as far
as this is ' practicable, of j. the, stoci
from which every analyzed ssurplo it
taken, ' -;.' '. I-
MDronoML
wmmm
By E. O. SELLERS, Director of Evening
Department, The Moody Bible Institute,
CMeago.)
LESSON FOR NOVEMBER 9.
ABSTINENCE FOR OTHERS' SAKE.
(World Temperance Sunday.) v
LESSON TEXT Rom. 14:7-ZL-GOLDEN
TEXT-"It Is not ood to eat
flesh, nor to drink wine, nor to do any
thin whereby thy , brother tuxnbleth."
Rom. 14-1.
Paul was in Corinth, a city of lux
ary, learning and licentiousness when
he wrote this letter to the believers In
Rome, a letter of profound logic and
ethics as well as a profound etudy la
psychology and philosophy.
I. None cf us liveth to himself,"
w. 7-11. Paul begins this chapter by
giving a caution as to doubtful dispu
tations, "Judgments upon thoughts,"
whether It be In the matter of eating
herbs or meats, or in the observance
of set days. Who are we but fellow
servants (v. 4) . of God? About such
things as habits and observance of
days we must each be assured in our
own minds,, (y. 5) J but while that Is
true Vet, "none lhreth to himself
(r. 7), for ,"we are the Lord's" (v. 8).
He is the universal Lord, both of the
living and the dead, (t. 9). What folly,
therefore, for any believer to set him
self up in judgment upon his brother.
Four Things Suggested.
If. "Give an account to God," w.
12-18. Verse 12 suggest four things:
(1) A universal summdns, "each one
of us," great and small, obscure or fa
mous, each one must appear, none
overlooked, none excluded, none , ex
cused. (2) A particular summons,
"each one of us," not en masse, but
as separate units. (3) A purposeful
summons, "to give account," not of
others but each of himself. It will not
be "blind Justice" that shall await us
there, but a holy God, one who knows
all, sees all, every thought and imagi
nation of the human heart (Gen. 6:5)
and whose Judgment will be righteous.
(4) A rightful summons, because of its
source, "before God," and shall not the
Judge of the whole earth do right?
No excuse because of the failure of
others will avail, no subterfuge be ac
ceptable, "strict justice" will condemn.
Man-made laws and ordinances as to
what we eat or what days we may ob
serve will then be revealed in the
white light cf the God whose name is
love. In the light of such a prospect
how pertinent therefore that we turn
(v. 13), from judging others and look
well to our own conduct, lest that con
duct become- a rock of stumbling to
other and weaker brethren.
Another Law. .
III. "Follow after things which make
for peace," w. 19-23. To follow that
which shall edify is to exercise the
"law of liberty." James4invhis epistle
(1:25, 2:12) tells us to look into this
law and to continue therein for by it
we shall be Judged, yet there is still
another law, "the royal law (2:8,
Matt. 22:36-40), the fulfilling of which
will settle every question of man's re
lation to man. We should so use our
liberty that it be not evil spoken of
or become a rock of stumbling to any.
Whether or not the kingdom of God
be in us, or we in the . kingdom, de
pends not upon the scrupulous observ
ance of . ordinances either as to eat
ing,., or the observance" of days, but
rather in the manifest righteousness of
our lives and In having peace in our
hearts, ch. 15:13, being filled with "Joy
in the Holy Spirit" v. 17. Therefore,
if to eat meat Bhall cause my brother
to stumble or to be made weak (v. 21)
"I will eat no flesh for evermore'
I. Cor. 8:13. . - .;
All of this leads up to the true prin
ciple of total abstinence as revealed
in verse 21, "It is good not to eat
flesh, nor to . drink wine, nor to do
anything - whereby thy brother stum
bleth or is offended." This does not
alone apply to the Great American
Juggernaut, the commercialized liquor
traffic, which, according to the United
States Supreme court, has no legal
ground upon which to - stand. WTien
the members of the church of God
In this "land of liberty" shall each
be governed by this principle it will
not be long before the liquor problem
any many other questions -that are
troubling us will be settled.' The real
question will not be "Is it wrong?"
but rather) "How will . it affect my
brother?" All meats are; clean, we
know , that, Acts . 10:15, but . we aieo
know that many' cannot eat,, cannot
participate ia- our acts, with - a dear
conscience because in so taking part
there comes before the mind of the
weaker brother the evil associations
and practices which so frequently ac
company such acts or such eating.
Our Indulgence, no matter how inno
cent and entirely harmless It may be
to us, is therefore not to be thought
of. ' This settles the drink question,
the tobacco habit, dancing, card play
ing, theater going,, and all "question
able amusements." '. ' " -,
For once teach a. temperance lesson
not on the ground of the harrowing
effects of this awful traffic, but try to
show that intemperance is largely thq
result Of selfishness. Show how less
selfishness ; In our , social relations
J would help to keep' men away from
the ealoon. Less selfishness in money
would keep us from accepting bloody
tax money. .Less Belflshness on the
jpart of churches by activities daring
uie wees would ; keep children and
young people - from growing familiar
with end finally embracing the mon
itor vice. Many ancient authorities
insert after Cb, 14. Ch. 16:15-27.
DIHFill 0!!
!! FARMS
Cotton Belt to Raise Live Stock
Must . Have Pastures,
PASTURES FOR FARM ANIMALS
Very Few Farmers Have . Compared
Benefit to Be Derived From Acre
of Cotton and Acre of Bermuda
Grass, Lespedexa and Clover.
(By G. H. ALFORD.)
If the cotton belt is to raise hogs,
mules, horses, cattle, sheep and so on
successfully 'under, present land and
labor conditions, it must resort to
pastures and cheap hays. If it is to
produce the necessary quantity and
quality of all kinds of live-stock it
must devote more and better land to
pastures and meadows. - ,.
Many formers in the south, prize
wheat, corn, oats, cotton, rice - and
cane as crops because their: growth
has become a habit. Very few farmers
have compared the' profit derived from
an acre of cotton and an acre of Ber
muda grass, lespedeza and some win
ter clover. On many farms the grow
ing of cotton represents a loss instead
of a profit On many farms in the
south the growing of leguminous crops
for two or. three years until the worn
out cotton lands will grow good grass
and the soding of the land In Bermuda
grass grazing of pure bred hogs, sheep,
cattle and goats, horses and mules will
result in big profits instead of the
loss sustained by the growing of cotton
on the same land year after year.
Senator Ingalls said: - "Next in im
portance to the divine profusion of wa
ter, light and air those three physical
facts which render existance possible
may be recorded the universal be
neficence of grass." Ingalls told the
whole truth, but few farmers in the
south believe what he said. Not one
farmer In a thousand fully appreciates
the full value of a good,' permanent
pasture. The most properous- counties
in England owe their prosperous agri
culture to the magnificent pastures.
The blue grass regions of Kentucky
has done much to cause our farmers to
appreciate grass to some extent. There
are sections of Tennessee and Virginia
where the successful growing of fine
stock has helped Kentucky to gain
friends for grass.
We firmly believe that we are telling
the truth when we say that the main
cause of the lack of prosperity on
southern farms is the absence of good,
permanent pastures, We have turned
out a worn; ' gullied cotton field,
stretched two or three barbed wires
around it and . called it our pasture.
Not a furrow was turned, not a seed
was sown. No wonder that our pas
tures are often- referred to a "a place
where grass does not grow." .
A good pasture Is made by thorough
ly preparing very fertile soil and seed
ing it to the right kind of mixed
grasses, so- that every square foot of It
Is well covered with nutritious grasses
instead of broomsedge briars and
weeds. The large majority of us have
never had a good, permanent pasture
and therefore base our conclusions on
the value of a permanent pasture on
our experience with a pasture where
grass does not grow. We have never
yet valued a thoroughly goor, perman
ent pasture high enough.
There are, of course, pastures with
out grass, such as pastures of cow
peas, soy beans, peanuts, velvet beans,
oats, and bo forth, but there are tem
porary pastures and last for only a
short time. Of course, we must have
such temporary pastures in order to
succeed in the live stock business, but
the subject before us just at present is
a. good, permanent pasture full of nu
tritious grasses and clover. We are
talking about taking land and thor
oughly preparing it and fertilizing it
with acid phosphate and planting it in
TO GROW CHEAP BEEF.
A Increase Yield of Pasture.
1 Do Not Pasture Too Closely.
2 Drill Irv Clover and Grass
Seed.
3 Manure Every Few Years. v-
B Make Use of Waste Feed.
1 Save the Cornfodder. ;
; A Silo. ' . ''. 7 V '
' I 2 Save the Straw. :
C Grow Clover and Alfalfa.
D Provide Good Shelter.
E -Save the Manure.
cow peas, oy beans, lespedeza, pea
nuts or some other good leguminous
crop for one or two years and then sod
ding it in Bermuda' grass, crimson
clover, burr clover and white clover
and lespedeza for pure bred hogs: cat
tle, horses, mules, sheep and other live
stock to graze.
The'best pasture grass for the south
is Bermuda. We are growing corn, and
cotton on poor soil to feed a few scrub
Btock to obtain the necessary cash to
pay the expenses.' We are not able to
say just what is the average cost of
production of an acre of corn or: cot
ton, but the cost of production of an
acre of Bermuda i;rass on fertile soil
Is a ffence and a gate to turn the stock
in. The stock will harvest the grass
and usually bring a large per cent, of
clear profit.' 1 " : - '.l ;
Bermuda grass is the great pasture
grass of the subtropical and wanner
temperate - regions throughout the
world. It is widely distributed through
out the cotton belt and holds the place
in those states that Kentucky blue
grass holds In the north. - It is a warm
weather grass. It will not grow in
cold weather and usually winter kills
when the temperature fall much be
low the zero point. . ,
It is primarily a pasture grass" and
is relished by all kinds of stock. It
will stand close grazing and much
tramping.. It also makes hay of excel
lent quality, but It will not grow tall
enough to mow except on very fertile
soil, r On fertile soil, under favorable
conditions, it often furnishes . two or
three cuttings, yielding in a , season
from two . to four tons of hay per
acre, -' ;' ; ' - -.
Sine 9 it furnishes no late fall - or
early spring pasture, summer and
winter clovers and vetches must be
added to the sod or other grasses, or
animal pasture crops must be grown,
in order to supply continuous grazing
l7o .lost Grow
Uoxq Grass
WHY? , ,
To" Maintain Farm Fertility.
To Cheapen Animal Production.
HOW?
Drain Wet Places.
Keep Weeds 0utv
Sow Alsike in Low Places.
Reseed Thin Areas With
Clover.
Rotate if Possible.
Use the Manure Spreader.
for stock. We can mix lespedeza,
white, crimson, burr clovers and the
vetches with Bermuda and they will
growwell together. . We can also mix
orchard grass, tall oat grass and the
red top with Bermuda. But - putting
lespedeza on the Bermuda sod to as-1
ist in furnishing summer pasture and
winter clovers, or a vetch on It to fur
nish some winter nd early spring
grazing, we can supply continuous
grazing for our stock and at the same
enrich our land. ' .v
Sow lespedeza seed on Bermuda sod
in February or early March; sow the
winter clovers or vetch seed In Sep
tember and October. When the seer
are sown on a heavy sod, it is usually
necessary to disk it. in order to insure
germination of the seed at an early
date.
Bermuda may be propogated both
from seed and root cuttings. The
seed method is not recommended ex
cept where it is very difficult to secure
pieces of sod. Plow the land deep and
disk and harrow until it is fine. Lay
oft: rows about, two feet apart and four
inches deep with shovel plows. Drop
small pieces of the sod every two feet
in the furrows and cover with a har?
row. A drag or light roller will put
the finishing touches on the job. The
sodding of the land may be done at
any time during the year. -
When we have made our hill land
fertile by deep plowing, the addition
of commercial fertilizers and the grow
ing of leguminous crops, and have
thoroughly sodded them. in Bermuda
grass and summer and winter clovers,
we can cut out som-s of our unprofit
able labors, substituting good hogs,
brood mares, cattle and furnish the
the hands, labor-saving implements
and strong teams to till the more level
acres on the farm.
The pasture lands should not only
be fertile, thoroughly prepared and
preporly fertilized before sodding it in
grass, but , the briars, brush and
weeds must be kept down and the
grasses fertilized and cultivated every
two or three years. Where lespedeza
or some winter clover, or both, grow
on Bermuda sod it will not be neces
sary to apply nitrogen except to the
poorer spots. . .
It will usually pay to apply a light
dressing of phosphate once every two
years where the soil responds to acid
phosphates. On some sandy soite it
will; pay to apply potash every two
years. .The use of. a disk harrow on
the Bermuda sod every two s years
will cause it to take on new life.
We must not permit stock to' graze
the pastures too close. If we keep the
leaves of any plant constantly cut it
will finally die. It is a most excellent
plan to have two pastures and never
graze one more than a week at a
time. 1
Let us "urge the farmers of the cot
ton belt, especially those to the east
of the boll weevil line, to put a large
per cent, of the cotton land in grass.
We have a great variety of grasses to
choose trom, such as Bermuda, blue
grass, meadow foxtail, orchard grass,
red top, meadow f escu, alsike clover.
tall oat grass. :
. Money invested in thoroughly good
permanent pastures is like money in
vested in government bonds. - v , .
'Keeping Sheen In Condition.
Doctoring sheep is expensive anS
often unsatisfactory, unless the symo-
toms -of the disease are clearly under
stood.; : If the sheep are not exposed
to bad weather in the late fall and
are given proper care and feed there
is not much show for disease, unless
brought Ja , from other - flocks. With
sheep an ounce of prevention is worth
considerably mo re than a pound of
cure. - ' - - "
Cow Essentials.
Plenty of cold water, free access to
salt at all times and protection from
the files are necessary for the cow
She cannot do without these and make
a full flow of mili. v- ; V
IM1
GROW BLACK -RASPBERRY
Parent Bush May - Be Filled "Wttn
Roots of Young Plants by October
If Tips Have Increased.
Many of our readers will not know
what the illustration represents until
we explain, says Green's Fruit Grower.
The cut is Intended to Illustrate and
tell how to propagate, the black rasp
berry.
In July, or as soon as the canes of
the black raspberry plant are long
enough to bend over and reach, the
ground, ,we bury the tip end of. each
cane two to three Inches deep in the
boIL cover them with earth and place
a stone over the earth, to hold the
bent branch in position, un detached
from the parent plant. There is no
difficulty in securing from six to ten
plants from the canes of a black rasp
berry bush as they naturally grow. But
if you will nip off the tip of the young
canes in June, and plant, each cane
will make from six to ten canes, and
in this way you can greatly increase
the number of tips to be buried for the
Propagating Black Raspberries.
purpose of making young plants for
transplanting the next spring. Sa that
If the tips have been increased by
nipping back as suggested the ground
about the parent bush may be filled
with the roots of the young plants by
October. When digging the plants the
next spring the canes are detached
from the parent plant, leaving the
stems four to six inches long on each
plant.
MIXTURE FOR REE WOUNDS
Large Limb Cut Off, With Stub Left ,
Unprotected, Furnishes Excellent
Hiding Place Tor i-ungi.
In California the following mixture
was used on trees three years ago
and is still in good condition: One
part of crude petroleum to three
parts of resin; warm, in separate"'
made by pruning or by cultivator In
jury. While this mixture is not bet
ter' than grafting wax, It la much
cheaper and is worthy of trial.-
If owners of trees would realize
the importance of keeping the bark
whole and unbroken on their trees
and treat v all wounds promptly, they
would save much loss from so-called
'wound' fungi" which are ever abun
dant and ready to take possession
and cause decay. Wounds that should
be treated are of various origin, and
those to the body of the tree are most
important, though ; Injuries to large
limbs very often spread downward-
A large limb cut off, with the stub
left unprotected, supplies a good
place for these fungi to enter, and
the end of the life of the tree is has
tened by the hollow body resulting
from decaying branches. Branches
are injured at picking time by boot
heels and ladders ; winds - break
branches; hailstorms and sunscald
rupture the bark, and the todies of
the trees are often bruised by wagons
or other farm tools.
PEACH SCAB AND BROWN ROT
Mixture of Self-Boiled lime and Sul
phur Is Best Known Cure for
the Control of Disease.
The self-boiled lime and : sulphur
mixture is the best fungicide- known
at the present time for the control of
peach' scab and brown rot. Three ap
plications, are : considered necessary
for good results where peach" scab is
likely to occur. The first application
is to be made just as the calyx is
being shed from the fruits. .
The second application to 'be . made
three weeks after the first The third
application , should be made about
threesweeks after the second. The
self-boiled lime and sulphur mixture
should not be applied to the fruit
within four weeks of the ripening
time, 'as the mixture may - give the
fruit a whitewashed appearance when
ready for market - - -:", .
GRAPES TOO GOOD FOR. BUGS
New York Experiment Station Haa
Had Much Success In Spraying,.
With Arsenate of Lead.
, The rose chafer does muctt injury
to grapes, often destroying tbe entire
crop soon after blossoming, in small
gardens the vines may be protected
by covering with' mosquito ; netting.
Where this is impracticable npraylng
will hold them In check. Farm ; and :
Home says the New York experiment
station has had excellent success in
using eghC pounds arsenate of lead
and two gallons molasses with 100
gallons water. Spray should; be ap
plied as soon as the rose bugs appear.
For the grape root worm spray twice.
the first spraying about one week
after the first beetles appear and the
second spraying tea days later.
t 1 -