CRITTENDEN RECORD-PRESS. MARION, KENTUCKY
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FOOD OF SOLDIERS
GIVEN GREAT CARE
NUTRITION OFFICERS WHO ARE
EXPERTS BEING STATIONED
IN THE ARMY CAMPS.
EDIBLE WASTE IS REDUCED
i
Navy Department Send Uniformed
Oetk Men to Active Service An
cient Armor Suppllea Models for
Modern American War Equipment
Nutrition officers art to be stationed
In every National army cantonment
and Id every National Guard camp, aa
well aa Id every camp where 10,000 or
tnore aoldlera are in training, the war
department announces. These men are
food specialists. Before they Joined
the army as members of the division
of food and nutrition of the medical
department they were connected with
colleges and public bodies as physiolo
gists, chetnlsts, economists, food in
spectors and experts In other special
ized work relating to food.
Since last October these officers
have gone from camp to camp, studied
the food served, how It was Inspected,
stored and prepared, and made recom
mendations resulting Id many advan
tageous changes. They gave Instruc
tions In the principles of nutrition, the
proper selection of foods and the con
struction of dietaries to mess officers,
medical officers and others Interested.
They told bow to avoid waste, gave
methods for Judging and storing food,
and emphasized the Importance of
keeping kitchens and mess balls clean
and orderly.
At one camp seven companies were
selected from various organizations
totaling 1,135 men with which to try
out an anti-waste plan. The average
waste was found to be 1.12
pounds per man per day. The nutri
tion officer gave the mess sergeants
and cooks Instructions la food and
mess economy with the result the aver
age edible waste was reduced to 0.43
pounds per man per day, a aavtng of
0.68 pounds. This saving amounted to
961.75 per day for the seven messes, or
$22,542 per year.
Sixty new officers are to be commis
sioned In the division of food and nu
trition to handle the additional work.
J A" be tooi specialists similar to
those already In the service. They
t rftw111 dvlse nbout the composition and
. S Tnutritlve vnlues of nil dietaries, make
'inspections for adulterations, spoilage
i V-jSjnd deterioration and co-operate with
tf8" .O.t'XrfSl ' 8 mess offlclals'
VjvS 5 -ffr, V ' Armor 'or the American soldiers,
.- wlniets, shields and breastplntes, is
J3 eing modeled in the workshops of the
, fti 0CMetropolltnn Museum of Art, New
. it..n A 'sasrV .
tnllu ft k - or5 ine war ucpnriment announces.
jwio uest oi me ijpcs useu oy me soi-
dlers of former days Is being wrought
Into stupes for present warfare, some
piece .on ancient nnvlls and by unm
v tners that were actually used centuries
-ago.
in aireci cnarge or me worKsnop
ol e -lAnfl! Cvner the work Is being done Is
A3 TU v0 eleven, and whose forbears for genera
' crtoOfl' , oattrwns back have kept alive the dying
.VifttAcM 1. trreof the armorer,
wcAot n fiIs war ,n EurPe h" brought
.ttflV i 00 badrjbto use many discarded weapons
3JeAne veTe $fl,ctlccs 01 mellval warfare.
Vp.. -flfwere has been the adoption of steel
I belmots by all the warring powers,
breastplates, armored waistcoats and
trench shields. This necessitated an
overhauling and new study of ancient
armor, with the result thut experts de
clare thut scarcely a technical idea has
been brought forward which was not
worked out In elaborate detail by the
old-time armor makers.
The Metropolitan museum collection
Is among the seven great collections of
snclent armor. It Is an incident to this
collection that there was established
t the museum an armorer's workshop.
8o far as known It is unique. In It
were cleaned, repaired and restored
pieces that were defective. Daniel
Tacbaux, a French artist, was In
charge. lie Is working now under the
direction of Major Bashford Dean of
the ordnance department
Armor models are being turned oat
there la accordance with the sugges
tions of General Pershing and the ord
nance department Twenty-five dif
ferent types of armor defenses have
seen made In various factories in ex
perimental lots, several In many thou
sands of pieces, which have won fa
vor at army headquarters. The effi
cacy of armor protection for the sol
diers Is Indicated by reporta that more
than 40 per cent of tho hospital cas
ualties suffered were leg wounds and
about 83 per cent arm wounds, tho legs
nd arms of the Dghters being free
from armor cover.
While T. M. C A. workers In a battle-torn
region of France were carry
ing delicacies to American soldiers In
the front line trenches they lift their
storehouse deserted. French soldiers
entered ths storehouse to guard the
supplies. They found chewing gum,
'.bought It food, stuffed wholo pack
iges Into their mouths, masticated It
'or a time and (hen tried to swallow
Some succeeded In getting It down.
There were no casualties, but the
French soldiers were Inspired with a
high regard for American dlgcstlvs gp
poratuses '
The navy department has rvleaseS
from oflice and sl.f.rj duty the regu
lars of the nary and the reservists una
has assigned them to active duty with
the fleet. Their places as clerks will
be taken by women wherever possible,
Itear Admiral McGownn, paymaster
general of the navy. Issued the order In
connection with this change In policy.
"Every man released from shore duty,
whatever his rank or rating, adds just
one more to the fighting force," says
this order. "Every man of every rank
and rating desires, of course, to get to
the firing line as soon as his services
ashore can be spared.
"No man in the navy Is willing In wat
time to do anything that a woman can
do as well ; whereas no officer can be
expected to be content In any part of
the shore establishment unless engaged
upon supervisory work so Important In
Its nature that It cannot properly be
delegated to any person of leaser rat
ing. "Wherefore It la requested and di
rected that the officer In charge of
each division of the bureau of supplies
and accounts make a careful and criti
cal survey of his personnel, both com
missioned and enlisted, to the end that
the paymaster general may know bow
many and which men can be spared
without seriously Interfering with the
work. These reports will Include not
alone reservists but regulars as well,
and It Is to be distinctly understood In
this connection that applications from
Individuals for sea or overseas service
will not be necessary the one and
only object being to carry on the work
here and at the same time release the
maximum number of men for duty at
the front"
The Liberty motor, developed by the
department of military aeronautics. Is
to have a special engine oil which Is to
be known as the "Liberty aero oil."
It was developed by the lubrication
branch while the latter was still a part
of the signal corpst It Is a mineral
oil and will be used not only on the
Liberty motor but on all atatlonary
cylinder aircraft engines of the army
and navy.
Its development Is due to the energy
and skill of a staff of men who worked
exclusively on the problem fqi ycaH
Capt O. J. May, who deserves greatest
credit for Its promotion, so exhausted
himself, -by Tils labors that be could
not recuperate from an Illness and
died.
When tktj aircraft program waa an
nounced In 1917 no one In authority
had definite Idea as to the proper
kind of lubrication required. There
was no uniformity. For every engine
there was a specific oil. Some en
gineers insisted on castor oil, others
mineral oil, still others castor and
mineral oils mixed. It was estimated
thut 5.000,000 gallons of castor oil,
costing $3 per gullon, would bo re
quired and that quantity was not avail
able. Captain May and assistants set out
to develop a sultuble lubricant for the
Liberty motor at an average cost of 75
cents a gallon, and also a system for
reclaiming oil already used. In 25
days Captain May supervised the run
ning of 37 engine tests fn a laboratory
where five engine tests a week would
be a complete program. These en
gines were run with different kinds of
oils and each oil was analyzed and
measured before and after tests. The
work required ceaseless vigil. Alti
tude tests were made In an airtight
building capable of having the air
within It partly exhausted.
From these tests the Liberty aero
oil developed. It will cost about one
fourth the price of castor oil, saving
the government perhaps $11,000,000 a
year. A system of reclaiming used
oil was developed and at least 50 per
cent can be made fit to use again.
The national war labor board has de
cided against establishment at this
time of a minimum wage to be applied
generally throughout Industry. It
adopts an attitude firmly opposed boti
to unjust profits on the part of cupltul
and unreasonable demands on the part
of labor, stating that capital ahould
have only such reasonable returns as
will assure Its use for the world's and
the nation's cause, and that the physi
cal wellbelng of labor and Its physical
and mental effectiveness, In a comfort
reasonable In view of the exigencies of
the war, likewise should be assured.
The board declares the war to be an
Interregnum In which the wheela of
Industry should turn only In the com
mon cause and for common ends, and
neither for unjust profits on the part
of capital or unfairly Inflated wages
for labor, stressing maximum produc
tion aa the paramount necessity and
unselfish co-operation as the prelimi
nary essentials to this accomplishment
There Is a reaffirmation by tho board
of tho principle that the worker la en
titled to s wage sufficient to sustain
himself and his family In health and
comfort, and a restatement by the
board to apply thla principle In each
of the cases to com before It for de
cision. American dietitians have made
bread by substituting as high as 25
per cent of rice for wheat Hour and
have obtained white yeast bread of
excellent flavor.
The mid West states are turning to
n larger use of motortrucks In the de
livery of hogs to the Important Interior
markets. Thla relieves railroad trans
portation conditions to a considerable
extent.
The motortruck business Is becom
ing so Important thut commercial or
ganizations of Oinnhn are taking active
tnensnres to iitlllzo the trucks nn re
turn trips to country points for hauling
various kinds of freights. Experience
has shown that motortruck marketing
Is as feasible In winter as la other sea
sons.
D
Canning Time
THE FREDERICK R. KELLOGQ IS
SENT DOWN OFF THE NEW
YORK HARBOR.
35 MEMBERS CREW SAVED
Survivors Say Vessel Waa Sunk With
out Warning No Submarine
Waa Sighted Before Torpedo
Struck the Ship.
New York. A German submarine,
approaching the very gates of New
York harbor, sunk the oil tanker Fred
erick R. Kellogg off the Ambroan
channel. Thirty-five members of the
crew brought here reported that five
others are missing.
Torpedoed without warning at 6:10
p.m., tho Kellogg aank In three mln
utea, said members of her crew. The
force of the explosion was terrific.
they declared, and the five missing
men, who were In the engine room,
are believed to have been killed. No
submarine was seen, according to
Capt. White.
The Frederick R. Kellogg wsa a new
tankshlp of 7,127 tons gross teglster,
valued at more than $1,500,000. Vn-
der command of Capt C. H. White,
she was on her way from Tamplcj,
Mexico, to Boston with a cargo of ap
proximately 70,000 barrels of crude oil.
Th ship was owned by the Pctn--leum
Transport company, and was
launched a year ago at Oakland, CaL
FREIGHTER FIGHTS U-BOAT
Two-Hour Running Fight With German
Submarine Forty-Five Miles Off
Atlantic Coast
An Atlantic Port The story of the'r
two-hour running fight with a subma
rlne 45 miles off the coast was told
here by members of the crew of a
British freight steamship which reach
ed port undamaged.
During the engagement fought In a
fog, several hundred shells were tired.
Two torpedoes were launched by the
submersible, but the zigzag course and
speed of the freighter enabled It to
outdistance the U-boat. When the
freighter aent out S. O. S. calls a ship
which could not be Idontlfed appeared.
At a time when the British gunfire
waa getting close to the submarine,
then only two miles away, the un
known vessel maneuvered between
the combatants and, according to tho
sailors, saved the enemy craft.
Fired At Trawler.
An Atlantic Tort A German sub
marine, atghted off the tip of Cape
Cod, fired a torpedo at the steam
trawler Walrus, missed by a narrow
margin, Capt. Clayton Morrlsey of the
tlshorman, reported on arrival hero.
U-BOAT SENDS GAS WAVE.
Six Men Overcome In North Carolina,
But Soon Recover.
Washington. Gas from oil dis
charged on the water by tho German
submarine operating off the Middle
Atlantic coast overcame six men In
the coaat guard station and llghthoaas
on 8mlth' Island, North Carolina, the
Navy Department waa advised by the
commandant of the Sixth Naval Dis
trict If tho gaa attack wars deliber
ate, as most officials believed. It con
stituted a now and Ingnnloua form of
"frlghtfulness."
Ths gaa was said by the command
ant of the coast guard station to have
bad much the same effect aa tho mua
tard gaa used by the Germans on the
western front. The men wers laid
out for more than half an hour, but ap
parently suffered no serious effects.
CASHIER THREE HUN GENERALS.
Soldiers Court-Martialed at St Quen
tin For High Treason.
London. Threo Gorman generals re
cently commanding near Montdidlcr
have been cashlorcd for neglect of
duty according to Belgian reports re
ceived In Amsterdum and transmitted
by the Exchange Telegraph Company.
A large number of soldiers were
court-martialed at St Qiiontln last
week for high treason. Ths Germans
In tlalrlum mra hnwln alffna nf iml
I uneasiness. Is also reported.
AjjTOCRAj r
AMERICAN
TANKER
IS SUNK BY U-BOAT
- Over Tficre
KULTVJR JUICE """'W
I GASTON I fl&JL&?rZ5
BOMBING PLANES
REPLACE ARTILLERY
OWING TO THE RAPID ADVANCE
MADE BY ALLIED TROOPS
IN RECENT DRIVE.
ALWAYS READY FOR SERVICE
Bombing Squadrons From Airdomes
Take Ts ths Air the Instant a
Call la Given By the Signal
Plana of Allied Fercea.
With the French Army In Francs.-
During the battles of the last few dave
bombing airplanes have virtually re
placed the heavy artillery which the
allies were not able to bring up fast
enough to keep pace with their ad
vance. These airplanes immediately
attacked enemy group of Infantry
convoys and supply trains when they
received signals from reconnoltsring
planea.
Bombarding squadrons are kept In
readiness for instant service at air
domes so that they may tak.ths sir
at the Instant a call la received from
signal planes, troops or convoys la
villages or st road terminals.
Thla system was employed at Las
slgny. An observing plane reported
the town encumbered with troops and
supply trains. Airplanes to ths num
ber or 121 flew to the spot and 21 tons
of bombs were dropped. This attack
caused a large fire, destroying motor
lorries and blocked the streeta of Lai
slgny, tlelng up the movement of the
enemy for hours.
All cross roads ss well as rallwsy
Junctions where Important lines of
communication, meet are under con
tinual attack from these bombing air
plane. ,
SCENE OF DEATH AND RUIN.
Spread Along Pasture Landa South
east of Montdldler.
With the French Army In Franc.
A fearful spectacle of ruin Is spread
along the great sweep of rolling pas
ture lands behind Boulogne I-Graste
and Rollnt, southeast of Montdldler.
There the, enemy Is continuing bis des
perate resistance. Heaps of the Ger
man desd 11 on every side, and the
fields torn up and strewn with debris.
Groat stocks of war material are be
ing left as the Oermsns retire.
During the recent flf htlng s general
commanding a French division, seeing
a battalion hesitate to throw Itiretf
Into a dangerous position under heavy
machine gun fire, directed his automo
bile Into the center of this position,
and atanding up, shouted to his men:
See. the borhea are gone!" Ills men.
thereupon sprang forward and within
the next three hours advanced seven
kilometers.
ATTACKS WITH RESERVES.
Ths Germans Are Repulsed by the
British at Llhone.
Ixndon Strong Gorman attacks
delivered with fresh reserves against
ths British st Lihons snd north and
south of that villus wers rennlsed
and In ths fighting ths Germans suf
fered great losses, according to ths
British official communication. r
cefvsd from Field Marshal flatg.
FIRI LOSS IN MARIANNA.
Eleven Atores Burnsd, Causing Loaa of
About tflW.OOO.
Marlanna, Ark. Property valued at
not leas thsn 1650,000 was destroyed
by fire In Marlanna, when 11 brick
buildings tn the heart of tho business
district were reduced to ashns. Tim
tire originated In the third floor of
the Griffin Newborn department store.
TWO TOWNS IN RUINS.
French ttadars Survey ths Haves
Wrought In Battle,
rorls. Premier Clemencesu and
Minister of Finance Klnts during helr
visit to tho battle front Inspected at
length the frightful destruction that
waa wrought by the battles raged for
the possession of Montdldler and Mo
reull. Both towns ars plsces of deso
lation with their house reduced to
broken fragments of atone and thers
Is not remaining vsstlge of their
former streets.
r
I' IS
BRITISH un
CZECHOSLOVAKS
rHE ALLIES ARE GIVEN AN EN
THUSIASTIC RECEPTION NEAR
VLADIVOSTOK.
PROCEED TO USURI RIVER
Lsnlns and Trotiky Have Fled To
Kronstadt, Near Pstrograd Ths
Supreme Government Is
Born In Russia.
London. British troops which wers
landed at Vladivostok have proceeded
to ths t'surl river front where they
wers given so enthusiastic reception
by the Csecho-Slovak forces with whom
they are cooperating, according to an
official statement Issued here.
Premier Lenluo and hla chief assist
ant 1-eon Trotiky, hav tied to Kron
atadt the naval base near Pctrogrsd,
according to a dispatch sont out by the
semiofficial Wolff Bureau of Berlli)
and printed tn Zurich newspapers, say
a Havas report from Paris.
Move In Russia Along Lines Suggested
Washington The birth of a new
democracy In Northern Hunsia that Is
to be headed by representatives of tho
people elected by universal suffrage,
was announced In official dispatches tj
the stats department The leaders of
ths movement are the last delegate!
elected to the constituent assembly,
the restoration of which President Wil
son haa repeatedly urged.
Ths new political organisation ii
called the supreme government, Indi
cating the breadth to which It la ex
petted ultimately to expend. Among
ths purposes announced are:
"To defend the north with the friend
ly assistance to Russia of the peoplet
of England, America, Francs and oth
era. It also counts on allied assist
ance against starvation and financial
difficulties.
"It Is convinced that Russia and ths
allies' Interests In the struggle sgalnM
tho foreign enemy ar one and ths
same. It knows thst lh allied troops
come not to Interfere with the Inter
nal affairs and their arrival la not
against the wishes of ths population
"Therefore the supreme government
greets the allied forms entering ths
north to wage contest against the com
mon enemy and summons the entire
population to greet them glsdly snd
to assist by every ponslV.c mesns."
FIRST ARMY IS REORGANIZED
Gen. Psrshlng Placed In Commsnd of
American Forces.
With the American Armv In l'nm
The First American Field Army hits j
ben organised. It Is under the direct '
commsnd of flen. John J. I'orsliln
commander In chief of the American
forces. The corps commanders thus
fsr announced are MaJ. Genu. Liggett,
Bollard. Bundy, Reed and Wright.
The creation of the First Field Army
Is the first sten toward the coordina
tion of all American forces In France.
GERMANS ARB DIGGING IN.
They Ar Also Stringing Barbed Wlr
Along the Veele River.
With the American Army on the
Veale Allied aviators have reported
the Germans are digging In opposite
the Franco American line alone tha
Vesle. The observers also have re
ported the enemy la stringing barbed
wire slmg the hills northwest of
Flsms. Allied officers express ths
tellof the Germans will not give
ground here unless they are deliberate
ly pushed off the plateaus.
1325,000 FIRE AT DALLAS.
Conflagration of Unknown Origin Par
turbs Officials.
Dallas. The two-story building c,f
the Bherwln Williams Paint Company
waa completely destroyed by firs here,
entailing a los of about $176,000. The
Boatman Hard wars Company In at
adjoining building, suffered damage
estimated at $50,000. Burning oils In
ths paint company It i'dlng for s Urns
threatened s serious spread of ths
flames. Tbs origin of the f're Is no
known. Accommodate Mors American Troops.
Waahlngton Elaborate plans of tl.a
Frssrh government for enlarging and
improving port facilities to hand's
American troopa arriving under the
new war programme hav been report
ed to the war department by Geu.
Pershing.
Members of the sensto military com
mittee, at their weekly conference t
ths department, wers told that tin
provements already ars In progress
snd that the French have promised lo
construrt additional piers.
Counterattacks Ars Repulsed..
Parle. French troopa have captured
the town of Gury, about 8'4, miles
south of Koye, according lo the French
official communication. Two counter
attacks against tho positions held by
tho French snd Americans on ths
Vests rtvor near Flumfs hav bean re
pulsed.
British Beyond Hun 1915 Llns.
London. Tbs British center In PI
card has advanced nearly a mils be
yond ths Osnnita 1115 llns Is ths re
tort from fisld Marshal Half. .
E
IAN TROOPS
IN
WILL JOIN THE ALLIED FORCES
IN AIDING THE CZECHO--I '
SLOVAKS. '
ALLIES LEAVE ARCHANGEL
Advanced 100 Mllea South News st
German Defeat In Francs Has
Secured Recruits For
Csecho-Slovaka.
Washington. Ths march of svsnts
In Russia, from news received, seems
to be rapidly assuming the proportions
of a rout of the liolshevlkt and of ft
nature to bring dismay to Germany.
With the allied troops rspldly mov
ing south from Archangel, forces of
British, French. Japanese and AmerU
can troops at Vladivostok and operat
ing to the westward, and a British,
force at Baku, the Ciocho Klovsks hav
taken new heart In their heroic fight
against the Germans and Austrian.
lte dlupatchea recorded ths a
vance of the alllod troops from Arch
angel to Paherrshskala, 100 miles to
the south, on the rosd to Vologda. Ths
DoUhevlkl are retreating and wers re
ported committing every known atroc
ity upon ths civilian population, which
openly has espoused the cause of ths
allies. The Bolsnevlkl throughout Rus
sia are reported not only floolng ths
advancing allies, but the newly arous
ed Busslsns, who have learned that
the allies ars not beaten on the wt
front, aa the Germans and BoMievlkl
have been persistently prearhlng. As
the real news reaches the great mass
of the people the men ars reported
taking up the arms that they carried
home with them when they dlsbaaded
after the debacle of Breat-Lltovsk.
One official of lb slat department
declared that far from being tired of
fighting and only wanting to gel tock
to their homes, ss the German propa
gandists have reported, the Russian
are more anxious thsn ever to tight
for their freedom, which they thought
they hsd lost so soon after having
gained It by revolution. On proof of
thla Is found In the msrchlng of armed
bands of peasants upon Petrograd de
manding food and charging that the
red guard have robbed their fame and
stores of sll provisions.
CALL 12,000 DRAFTEES.
Thirty four SUtts to Furnish WMtS
Draft Registrants
Washington. Provost Marshal Con.
Crowdcr railed upon 31 slates to tar
BUn a total of 12.000 wlilto draft regis
trants qualified for limited military
service for enlralnrncnt Aug. 30 and
It. The men raited will be sent to
three ramps, S.0G0 to go to Camp Up
ton, Yaphank. N. Y.; 4.000 to Camp
Dodge, 1M Moines, la, and 5,000 Jo
Camp Greene, Charlotte. N. C Ths
Quotas of the various slat's Include:
Arksnsas, 100, Camp Dodge; touts
Isna, 200, Camp Creene; Mississippi,
100, Camp Greene; Missouri, 4T.0, Camp
Dodge; Oklahoma. :50, Camp Dodge;
Tennessee, 200, Camp Greene.
OPERATORS GET INCREASE
All Employee of Western Union In
New York Get Benefit.
New York. Announcement of a
general Increase of 10 per rent In
wages lo all employes of the Western
Union Telegrsph Company belonging
to the sssoclallon recently organitnd
by tha company was made here. TliS
Increase, retroactive from July 1, ap
plies to about 45.000 workers. '
OFFICER LEAPS FROM AIRPLANE.
Lleutsnsnt Drops 3.000 Fsst In a Par
achute At Taliaferro Flsld.
Fort Worth, Lieut. James H. Dais
of St. iouls, an aviation officer, mads
a aucresaful 1.000 foot leap with s par
achute from an airplane at Taliaferro
Field. LlluL Dale la the third person
to accomplish ths feat. The plans
was piloted by Lieut. U O. Neft of
New York City. Ths feat was wit
nessed by 10.000 persons attending ft
(Tmkhana at the field.
Suspend Newspapers.
Rio lanelro. Newspapers published
ts ths Polish languags In the slots ot
Parana, In South Braill, havs been sus
pended by ths government. Tbs sus
pension was because ot pro-Gsrmaa
tendencies of tha publications In quss
Dsn.
Living Cost High.
Farls From ths first quarter ot
1911 to the second quarter of 1918 ths
cost of living rweo progressively 132
per rent This Is based on 13 main
commodities Investigated by Minister
of Labor Colllard.
Mrs. Levi Morton Desd,
Ponghkeopsle, N. Y. Mrs. Levi P.
Morton, wlfs of Ihe former vice presi
dent snd former governor, dlod at El
lerstle, nMnediffo, the Morton sum
mer horns.
Cut In Losn Rates.
Washington. To aid further in fi
nancing rmp movement, the war fb
Banc corporation has reduced from
to I par cent ths annual Interest rats
sn short term advances to banks to
over loans mads to farmers or met
smts for marketing thtlr wheat
VLADIVOSTOK