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highfit markct ratc. So wonld It !o with " Vermont Condcnsed Milk." Ilcr pure water nnd IWMt pMtQrtt would impart to tliis produot the Mtna nnrivaled exoellenoa fsvofable looal oonditioni give licr sngar. Bnttcr and clieese wimld coaso to be tho sole re Bonrcc of tlic dairv fariner. Th prcNencc of I condrnsed milk factorv at Montpelier, for example, wonld add anotlicr strinjf to the !'! of the l Irj Interesl thal oentari hsre, and the eapital of the state ouglit to lead in tlir Introdnotion of thii Indostry Inta Vermont. An old, wallesteblished and profltebls Indnatn dsc where. it i.s new to the soil that ihonld have been tht Hrst to noiirisli it. Tlic nrtiele inadc Iktc wonld carry in Itl naine a vouoher that it is the unadnlterated prvdnot of tlic beet deiriea in tlic conutrv, not a tilc iniitation, coiiipoiinded of eotton-sccd oil, swill milk and sngar. There are only six oondensed milk factoriea in tliis country, and none of them is in New England. They aro situatod nonr large business centcrs wherc farming lands are many times the price of Vermont farm lands. A faotorj' has, however, recently been atarted at Newport, Mc. whiob, when oompleted, will require 46,000 quarta of milk daily, or tho product of -1,0110 cows. It will nlso give employment to 100 people Oondenaed milk is the product of pure milk redueed to about one-sixth its natnral bulk, preaerved with sugar and hernietically sealcd. This product is used largely on abip boardi in the army, on tho frontlen nnd in mining oommunitles, and by many families in cities and large towns whero pnre milk is not, easily obtainable. Now, Vermont with Iter uneqttalled natural advantages, with her eheap lands and with her abundant eapital so abundant that milliona of her "surplus" havc been dumped into al! sorts of wlld cat enterprises outside the Stati presenta every conditlon, every advantage for the BUCCessful prosecution of this industi v. In the manufac tnre of condcnsed milk may lie fonnd the most advau- tageoua siiiiile faotor in the solntion of the question of the protitahle reelamation of her abandoned fnrins. her fanns that are hetter adapted to pasturago than to tillage. The value of the t'arms advcrtised in this work, wonld un questionably he more than doubled by the building of a condcnsed milk f'actory within a reasonable radlui of their locality. " There is a tido in the affairs of nian, Whlohi tjiken at the Hood, leads 011 to fortune." Let Vermont etnbark on this tide at its llood, and tloat the favmer out of tlic '"shallows andmiserles" that bind " the voyage of his life." ablo price, and be almost certnin of raising a coltthat will pay all the cost of raising and give a fair prospect of n proflt It ahvays sectns wiso to prodnce what the public demand, ifit 080 be donc at a protit; and there is, I helievc, to-day no business in Vermont that in a limited or ex tcnded seale will pay the protit that the breeding and fit ting of the above desirable horses will return to tho in vestor. While the draft horse lills only one want, while tho small trottcr is of no valno if not fast, this class of horses is adapted to all the abovo uses, execpt heavy draft; and I helievo, in following tho above line of breed ing, a fair proportion of colts will prove trottcrs and sell for such. Yon hear it said that horses are plenty and may be bOUght low, and it is true of Western horses and a class of oommon draft honei ; but let a man go out and at- tempt to buy ono or more good drivers, not t'ast horses, not trottcrs. bnt simply good road horses, and it is hard to find ono over flvc years old. IIo will be compclled to jo hoine without or take a four or live-year-old colt, and at a price from two to threc hundrcd dollars. Why is not tliis business a better onc than Western larmtng, and ono that, would pay well for tho invcstnient of eapital? It is, I believe, nn undeveloped soiuco of wealth, and ono not likely to be ovordone ; for no other COUntry has the natural advantages that aro fotind in the stock at hand. the soil and climate, and the market at one's own door. Buyers come here, are continually through the horte Heetioiis of tlic State picking up every iromising colt as soon as old enough,and oftcn eiigaing tliem ahcad to be ccrtain of gctting theni. C. M. WIN8L0W. SHEEP HORSES. TIIERK is no State that has greater natural advantages for tlic production of horses than Vermont. L)e spite the hap-hazard and unbusiness-like way it has ahvays been nianaged, she stands to day at the head for the pro duction of serviceable driving horses, and it would seeru wise for all farmera who have horses to raise a few for the market. There is something about the soil and climate that pro- duces naturally a tough, hardy horse, of enduring strength. There is in the foundation stock of the Stato one of the bcst families of horses in the world. There is i -i s v. l i i i i e U- IV :iIKl IKiri mrii H'illfi iill IMiMI I II ini 1'IIKlllll 1U UHl UK! iiuisl's nv niv iiiiuiy, nuu ;it guuu pi leers. xiieie s less riwk in the production of this class than in anv ,i : ii ii . i . , i i " , !J - t-j i THK raising of sliec) has ahvays occupicd a promi nent place in Vermont farming. In fortner times it was the on: source upon which the farmer depended for eash return s, his other produets being subjects of barter and trade at the country store or among his neigbbors. The product of the flock was then wool.but little account being taken of HlUtton, and there was little indueenient to grow mutton, as it was little sought for in our inarkets, and all surplus shcep were wanted to build up other rlocks. At the present timc thccondition of the business has changed ; other lines of farming have been developed. Dairying and the rearing of horses havc largely in creased and becomo rival industries. The markets have undergone marked changes ; while the price of wool ranges lower, the price of mutton rules higher, and the demand for breeding stock eontinuea good. And while in former times the Vermont shepherd was mabily anxious to havc wool sell at a high price, to-day tho product of wool is of secondary importance, The price of mutton, or the demand for thoroughbred breeding stock, is first in importance. We may say, perhaps, that sheep raising in Vermont to-day is conduetcd upon two distinct lines, though there are sonic who takc a middie course : but the successful sheep men of tho State are, as a rule, breeding for mutton or for thoroughbred Merinos. pply of cheap food to enab!e us to raise draft boiaea oompete with tlic West, nor oan we uac, as a rule, a n i (liail idi'si' ni I . i i 1 1 1 si .ii in. I i, iiim-i tr nnr i i require them to draw our produoe to market. The production of trottcrs is too risky ; it requirea too ge an outiay ol eapital tor tlic ordinary taniicr. and There is a class of horses frequently found in Vermont, d that COUld easily be prodnced from tho foundation j ..t.r.j . Ii lL ..t Al 1 i , . 1 v n i (jr ii i c nii'i-. nn wiiti ii w irhi 1 market, Qad ready buyera at paying pricoa. rho horse that I bellGVfl is m the bcst demand to dnv. , 1 from which may be rcalized the moat protit, is the so- lcd neiitlcmaii s dnvcr or lmht carnaop horse. Thev st stand from Ifij to 10 banda high, weigh from 1,000 1,200 pounda, of any darkcolor, Including aorrel or ht ohesttrat, handaoma abape and stylish looking, able trot in about four minutea, and do it in a bold man with ratber high knee and hock action. Horses of s class readily UOmmand good prices ranging from two ndred upwarda, aooording to quality. The native jrgaii stock has all the above rjualities exccpt si.e, J M 1.. - lli.L - Im 1m1j.i. m 11 Hl- 11 it UJ11Y m'l ilh H 1 IL1C IIlOM' l iliu III rii-i iiiiii, .1 lllllt; ter leoi ni1 w icii voiino. to incrcnsc u iic v l ne liiiinhcr horses of tliis class. . . i . i i . i i.i i i i i 1 1 i A a i. il. e i ec venih uiu iiirv i 1 iv o o iu u um ou 1 1 1 1- nti in i 11 ide to pay their way until sold. While lnbor on the m mi"lii iniurc a tnittitr nml nrnvent his winniii'r a U v . O 1 1 i .. ' l L . 1.1 1 ,0 Ijy l BW UHU Ul LWU, U 111 IIO VrMJ UIIIIIM 111111 1111 rlitli roml lioi'MC oc i , .i r i .. I , i . nliilitv In nnll n riii-rintrit a spanking galt A few years ago there was experi- ped a diiliculty in findlng italllona of good quality and C LU liuna wiii 'tyjij .hjijiiii iuujt;n, UU II ! UUI no Antr ,,ri,i 'll,TT flO'init wllll llUU II i.,,, ,! 111 'll'i, Uklltlll I. i i , , I d resolute, may easily Qnd a proper mate, at a reatou- KERIN0 lliGBP. The llistory of the intiodiicti n, iiiipioveinent. and suecess. of the .Mci ino shei p in Vermont is too locg to be reportcd here. It is sullicicnt to say that they caine hcic from Spain, and found a soil. a cliniato, and men lllited to take them and carry them forward to their greatcst perfection and in coinpetition with the world. Vermont stands Qrat in this class of stock, and to-dav lindsmaikct for surplus stock througbout the great aheep raising sec tions of our newer States and Torritories, in Australia. in South Amerioa, and is now making an attempt to build up a trade in Bouthern Afrioa. The price reoeived for this stock variea with the year and quality of the anl maia, but baa bardly ever been sd low, for any length of time, as to not pay a fair return for rearing. and somc times has oommanded pricea almost fabulous. .Many fortunes have been made and somc lost in tliis business, and whatever migbt be said as to individual sncccss or fallure, it is undoubtedly true that no business. employ ing anytbing like the aame oapital, has ever brougbt as muoh nioney into tho State as has the .Mcrino aheep, This business is mainly oonflned to one County in tho State, Addison, though breedera are found acattered through Rutland, Windsor, and Orange Oouiltiea, and somc others. The men engaged in breeding this stock are few in number and generally havc followed the imsi- ncss for nianv years, and though this business migbt be enlarged with proflt, there are oomparatively few who bave a taate for it, aa the returna laok lomewhat of the element of oertainty. Whatever may be laoldng in tho way of a steadv and ready market in the tlioroughbrod Uerino, buaineaa is made good to the growerof HUTTOM BHIIP, No buaineaa in the state has enjored ao iteady and remunerative market as this branch oi aheep huabandry, and tho increasing demand ofour New Englaud citii s and large tOWOI for nlce mutton is giving an iinpctus to this busmess that bids fair to restook all our available lands. Muoh attention is being given to tho raising of niutton lamba that are ready for market in MayandJune. Our M I II I ! II I I I III i t lrn.sit t.c IMPROVED MERINO RAM. nearnesa to market, oheap lands, and sweet grasses are advantages that ensure suecess in this work. The op portunityfor extending this business is almost unlimited. Very niany of our cheap fanns are particularly adapt ed to this business, as in many instances pasture land is too far away from the tillage to be fitted for dairying, or too rOUgb to be sal'e for young horses or colts, but abounds in sweet and nutritious grasses that especially adapt them to growing the linest mutton or the haidiest sheep that oan be produced. MAPLE SUGAR PRODUCTION. OF tlic industries peculiarly adapted to Vermont, per haps none takes the pre-eminent position occupied by our production of maple sugar. With our small area this product excceds that of any other State. While this is true, it is also a faot that this industry is capablo of great extcnsion, and instead of a product of. fifteen mlllion pounds it is easily possible to increaae to twentv five or thirty mlllion pounds. or double our present pro duction. The manufacture of this product dates back to the earliest settlemcnt of our State, and few industries present a more striking illustration of tho improved methoda of the present as eompared with the past than this onc. Tlic farmer of tifty ears ago was boiling sap in a flve pn.il iron kettle hung npon a pole over a rire of green wood, making fifteen to twenty pounds of inferior sugar per day, tapping his trces with an axc and catch ing the sap in troughs dug from bass wood logs, storing his sap in old hogs heails or barrels, and producing a oombination of obarcoal and sugar. Compared with the sugar-makcr of to-day, with good sugar housc, modern evaporators, tin or pine buekets with covcrs, with storage tubs clean and nlce enough to set milk in, producing from one hundrcd to two hundrcd pounds of sugar per day for each evaporator used. as striking a contrast between the past and present is presented as is oftcn seen. It is little wonder that people familiar with tho methode of thirty or forty years ago ahould pronounce the tine product of the present to be an iniitation article, because lacking in the high color and oharcoal taste of former days. As conduetcd at the present day, the manufacture of maple sugar is one of the most prontable industries of the Stato. The work cotnes at a time when the farmer has little clse that be oan do ; this product is being sought for througliout the country as an article of luxury and the best sells at good pricea. The maple syrup or honey usually sclls at "o ccnts to 11.25 per gallon. and nicc tub sugar or cakes at eight to fifteen cents per pound. The great obstacle for the Ver mont sugar produccr to overcome at present is the com petition of tho adulterated and iniitation maple sugar with which the markets are tlooded. Probably ten pounds of so-called maple sugar and syrup is sold to every pound of pure that is produced. Chicago is said to produoe several times as muoh maple sugar as Ver mont, most of which is labelled Pure Vermont syrup or sugar." This obstacle is being met to some cxtent by our maple sugar excbange, located at Brattleboro, which handles only pure goods, and by individual farmera who have established a trade for their own product. It is coniing to be generally praotioed by consumcrs of maple sugar to give their orders direct to' producers ancl in this way be assured of a pure article at a fair price. The farmera of Vermont havc little cause to fear an over-pro-duotion in this line. Let them atrlve to give the jicople of the country, who ask for the product of the maple, a su perior article which, once used, will be sullicicnt to show to the ouatomer the difference between the pure andapur ious. Were the people of the country who imagine them- a o i tH H a Q O H X O a i i O a bi 99 1 1 3 0 1 1 o s 03 o a 0 2 co 43 i Beivea lO DO ealin' manle siiL'ar deiiendent iiniiii the maplea for their aupply, every maple we havc would be insufflcient to furnlah it. We may reaaonably cxpect that as the people beooine better eduoatt l in this produot that the demand for the gcnuine w ill largely inercase, and the buaineaa of producing maple sugar will unlarge and beoome more profltable with each auoceedlng year. THK F1SH AND GAME SUPPLY OF VERMONT, UNITED states Commiaaionei UoDonald, baving ocoaaion to look into tbe leaaea of somc bootch riverit reported that tbe Tay alone rented for 40,000, It is said that 8110,001) of this rcprescnts rod priv llegea. While our lishing is in a broad sciise free. this state- meut llluatratea to what axtent Bahermen w ill loosm their purse atringi for tho enjoyment of this Invigorating sport. We have no river Tay stockcd with salmon, but nestling among our green bills aro between four and tive hundreil ponds and lakes with a total area of some 126,000 acres. As tributariea or outlets to these bodies of water, we have innumerable moantau atreama which broaden into rivera as they tiow into and through the valloys fcrtilized by them. The maiority of these waters are the native haunte of the speckled trout. In addition to tho trout many ofour waters aboond in a great variety offlah, the leading ones being bass, land-lockcd salmon, aalmon trout, pike, pike percli, and pickcrcl. On our western border. and more than half of it within our liniits. is biatorio bake Champlain, noted foritsbeauty and remarkable for its varieties of fish. .Many aportamen are attraeted to its shores by the abundance of aquatio birda in the vioinity. This may be said also of Lake Memphremagog on our northerii,horder. For the hunter, partridgea will always be tho gamc which givcs the most sport and the best rcsults as a food supply. Noarly all the large game native to our forests has becoine extinct, but deer are increasing rapidly, as evidenced by the fre quent reporta of their being seen in our niral districts. Under the wise law enacted by our last Legislature. their lirotcction from slaughter has been contiuucd until No vember 1, 1U00. At present they are very tame, and it is a question whetber it will not be advisablo to continuQ their protection for an Indeflnite period, as they would ba quiokly cxtermiuated if the fostering care of the State were withdrawn. Woodcock fumieh as good sport as in other States of NewEngland. Quail have been introduced several times, but it appears doubtful if they can endure tlic severity of our winters. English pheaaanta have reoently been introduced by Dr. Webb at his Shelburne fanns, and the rcsult of hfs experiment is watohed with tntereat. Many new varieties of gamc birda would undoubtedly thrivo in Vermont, and any eit'orts in this dircetion should receive tho hearty en dorsement of everyone. Babbita and squirrels, though decreasing in numbers, are still abundant, and are a source of muoh sport to the hunter. I have attempted to briefly state our resourees in the way of tish and gamc supply. It has been asserted by the authoritiea in the Fish Commis8ion and Geological Survey of the United States. that within a century the waters of this country will aupply as much food aa the land produecs, and by that time water farms will have beoome as plentiful as land fanns. Water farming is far more protitahle even now. for a given area. than the till ing of the most fertile soil. Were it possible to obtain an aceurate report of the lish and game taken in Vermont during onc season, tho value as a food supply would tloiibtlcss be aurpriaing. The obief value to our State, howevcr, is not in the tish and game themselves, either for the market or oonanmption as food. It is in the attrac tion atforded not only to residents ofour State, but to the thouaanda of aummer viaitora who flock to our lakes and hills every season. that our fish and game supply is be- ooming such an Important factor in the eoonomy of every rural oommunity. With the efforta being put forth by the railroad compa nies, and very gencrallyby the inhabitants, to call outside attention to the attractions of Vermont, it is but natural to expect aummer tourists in greater numbers each year. If we would retain our bold upon this desirable element in the eoonomy of our State. we mU8t keep U)i our at tractions. Farmera are not wlthcut some reason when they make some such remark as "Fiahermen are a nuiaanceanyway." But they muat admit when taking a broad view of the question, that theflshermen patronize the lailroada, and eause better accomniodations for everybody. They cause hotela to be built, and bring their families. They hire boats and guides, and patronize the country stores. Last but not least, they buy our muoh abused abandoned nillaide farms," and make aummer honies of them. The farmer sells his obickens, egga, butter, lambs, eto., and gets a better iirice at bome than fornierly at a distant and unoertaln market, It is the Qaherman or aummer tourist who oreates the demand for w hat he raises, and he gets his pay in hard cash. C'lubs are being foniicd in various parts of the State. whoae memberalnp is made up largely of non-reaidenta. These olubs are buying up land for tish and game pre- serves. Bydamming the brooka toform ponds ora seriei of pools, many of our abandoned fanns can be turned into tish and game preservcs, indii'cctly more produetive to the wcalth of the State than many more fertile fanns now under a state of oultivation. It has been demonstrated in other states that artlfioial propagation will do much towarda reatoring dopleted watera to their former oonditiou. The NewYorkCom- misaioners in a reoent report say that there is better lish ing to-day than when the Commission was organized some twenty yi-ars ago. There is nowherc a more prac tical illustration of tbe effeota of restoeking strcanis, perhaps. than in Rutland Couiity. whcre some twelve years ago a few thousand ralnbow trout escaped from a private pond into Fast Creek, About one in three trout now taken ttOXD this strcain aro the rainbow variety. Prevloua to this event tho rainbow trout was unknown to our looal flsbermen. Beveral havc been taken this year ranging in weight from one to threc pounds. There is probably no State in New Kngland in which so little practi cal attention has been paid either to proserving what tish and game we have. or to restoeking our woodsand waters, as in Vermont. The Legislature has never niadc any appro- priationa which would permit a oommtaaion to devoie its time to the aubiect ot tish and game preservation and propagation, At the last session, however. iu addition to the ' regnlar allowanos to tho coinniission. an appropri- atiou was made sullicicnt to provide for tbe oonstruotion and mainteuanoe of a batobery. U is boped that this will soou be hatched," that we may lose no time in re- plenlabing our depleted waters, and introduoe new varie ties for .vhich our itreama are so well adapted.