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# Lamb Tariff Increases Denied SHEEPGROWERS are understandably unhappy about the refusal of the tariff mission to give lamb and mutton more pro tection. The commission turned down the growers' request for relief on the grounds that they are not yet suffering serious in jury. Commission members thus appeared to favor the rather doubtful philosophy of * not locking the gate until the "sheep stolen." Imports have increased from a negligible volume to almost 8 per cent of our lamb and mutton slaughter during the past three com are A Word to Consumers SHORT-SIGHTED CONSUMER groups are working against their longtime best in terests in opposing the efforts that are be ing made to maintain prices of agricultural products at levels that will return a reason able profit to producers. If farm incomes are permitted to get too far out of line with prices of other dities and services, consumers will even tually be compelled to pay much higher prices than those based on present support levels. commo This point is made by the National Grange in listing the following reasons why much higher prices will inevitably follow if price levels are not maintained on a basis that will permit efficient family farms to stay in business: Fewer outstanding rural young people will remain on the farm. Fewer will get a college education. Man agement ability on the average farm will therefore deteriorate. An Optimist in the Atomic Age ALTHOUGH HE IS more aware than most men of the awesome destructive powers of atomic weapons, Dr. Edward Tel ler, the great atomic scientist, told members of the Commonwealth Club of California re cently why vastly more good than harm should come to the world through the use of nuclear reactors. Here are some of his reasons for being optimistic: As long as we, and the free world, are prepared to defend ourselves with big weap ons, and small weapons in a flexible way, there will be no war. Properly developed and handled, nuclear reactors of the future will produce enough energy to make an amazingly high standard of living available to all the peoples of the world wherever they may be. When nuclear explosions are refined and controlled they can be used to make har bors and canals, to regulate underground water flow and create underground water reservoirs, to solve big problems of trans portation, mining, oil production, and wa ter supply. Weather satellites will greatly increase the accuracy of long-range weather forecast years. Imports of live sheep totaled 75,000 head in 1959 of which 48,000 head came from Australia and New Zealand. Those in touch with the production situa tion in these and other foreign countries foresee a continuing rapid increase of lamb imports. About two months ago the House Agri cultural Committee unanimously adopted a resolution asking that remedial action be taken before serious injury is done to the domestic lamb producing industry. But the tariff commission turned thumbs down on the request for prompt action. Fewer and fewer producers will be able to afford the more expensive technological improvements designed to increase effi ciency. This is the road to stagnation. As farmers become poorer, the threat of a radical change in our type of agriculture emerges. United States may be forced to choose among (1) across-the-board integra tion; (2) a corporate form of agriculture; (3) an agricultural "labor" union; or (4) an agri culture controlled by outside capital. As the Grange sees it, any of these sys tems would result in far higher labor and management costs in food production. And if such outside groups should gain control of the production of agricultural products, they would strive to control market supplies and set prices at much higher levels. Too few leaders of consumer groups see these dangers that lie ahead. So consumer influence is almost invariably thrown against constructive efforts to maintain farm prices at reasonable levels in relationship to other prices. ing and on the basis of information thus se cured we may be able to influence weather, increasing and controlling rainfall where it is most needed. Man may learn to cultivate the oceans as we now cultivate the land, grow the right kind of fish and perhaps even "produce the right genetic changes and breed fish which will swim into the appropriate nets and enclosures when the season of the harvest ing has come. These observations of Dr. Teller point to just a few of the countless revolutionary changes which will result from discoveries and developments that are even now begin ning to pour from the research laboratories of the world. These wonders of the scien tific age will facilitate and require revolu tionary adjustments between men and na tions. yj In Dr. Teller's opinion, the function of the powerful weapons of defense being de veloped by the free world is to buy time while nuclear energy, electronic methods and equipment, and other scientific achieve ments solve the material problems of man kind which have been and still are the basic causes of wars and dangen of war. jôthaan. M the Û Jùul ^= Internal Revenue Service has ruled that rental Income is not to be counted in figur ing se ^' em P^°y men t earnings. The first $4, 0 OO of income of a self-employed taxpayer is taxed at 4Va per cent. Income from divi dends and interest, as well as rent is not included in this total. Part or all of a farm or ranch may be leased and if the owner does not participate in operating it the rent need not be added to the self-emploved mg total. J * ♦ * . ^ or retirement income is lim ited by the Internal Revenue Service. Al through the credit is based on the amount of dividends, interest, rents and similar in come, 1RS recently ruled that a farmer can not use more than 70 per cent of net farm income in figuring credit. Another recent ruling is that Commodity Credit certificates of interest are not taxable income until cashed even though you may have elected to report CCC loans as gross income instead of waiting until the crop is sold. According earn to 1RS, for tax purposes no loan has been made until the crop is sold. ♦ ♦ * Unless Congress enacts a new wheat law within the next few days, which is doubtful, wheat growers will vote in a ref erendum on July 21 to decide whether keting quotas will apply for the 1961 crop. Farmers who will harvest more than 15 acres of wheat as grain, will be eligible to cast ballots. Most growers will vote in favor of quotas because if quotas are not approved price support will drop from the present basis of 75 per cent of parity to 50 per cent. ♦ ♦ ♦ Lubricants made from tallow stand up under the high operating temperatures of jet airplanes better than petroleum prod ucts. It appears likely that this livestock fat will be used to an increasing extent in the manufacturer of greases for this pose. mar pur Believe it or not, a loud hi-fi recording of jet plane noise has been found effective in getting broody hens back into production. It is more resultful than the broody coup progesterone treatment. And it has no ill effect on production if laying birds treated by mistake. * ♦ * Purdue University reports, "a review of or are 80 experiments indicates a variety of results, but the majority of tests shows very little if any effect on improving gains or feed ef ficiency," through the use of tranquilizers. However, these drugs do quiet cattle during such periods of stress as shipping, weaning, branding, clipping, dehorning, castrating, etc. MONTANA FARMER-STOCKMAN —COVERS MONTANA AND NORTHERN WYOMING OFFICE 414 Sod At*. North, Great Falls, Montana LESTER COLE. Publisher; DON R. BOSLEY. Associate Editor; LARRY GILL, Livestock Editor; RAY OZMON, Field Editor; CASEY ANDERSON. Livestock Field Reprä sentative. Department Editors: AMY MARTIN, Rural Homes Depart ment; DR. W. W. HAWKINS JR., Veterinary Department; RALPH D. MERCER, ARTHUR F. SHAW, Soils and Crops; ERIC B WILSON. Farm Mechanics; GILBERT GUSLER. Market Analyst; OSCAR L. MOLDENHAUER, Weather Forecast; MONT H. SAUNDERSON, Ranch. Farm Manage ment; STANLEY W. HOWARD, Irrigation. LARRY GILL. Advertising Director; EARL STEFFAN1. Local Advertising Representative. Advertising Representatives, Western Farm Paper Unit— CHICAGO 4. Fred Tool, National Adv. Manager, 28 E. Jackson; NEW YORK 18. William T. Woodhull, Manager, 500 Fifth Ave.; SAN FRANCISCO 5. J. J. Mattus. Manager. 321 Sharon Building. Members of Western Farm Paper Unit, Audit Boreas of Circulation and Agricultural Publishers Association SUBSCRIPTION PRICE: fl for one year; Canada, one year, $2. RENEWAL AND CHANGES—H the date on your label is not changed within three weeks after sending in your remittance, please write us. If yon wish a change of address, give both new and old postoffices. ADVERTISING — Full information regarding advertising rates, etc., sent on application. Subscribers are requested to mention promptly to us any advertiser who (alls Is live up to his advertising agreement. JULY I, I960 —9